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Furuno CSH-5 MARK-2 Operator's Manual

Color scanning sonar
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COLOR SCANNING SONAR
CSH-5 MARK-2

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  • Page 1 COLOR SCANNING SONAR CSH-5 MARK-2...
  • Page 2 9 - 5 2 , A s h i h a r a - c h o , N i s h i n o m i y a , J a p a n Te l e p h o n e : 0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 2 1 1 1 Te l e f a x : 0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 4 2 0 0...
  • Page 3 Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO agent for service. Do not disassemble or modify the equipment. Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.
  • Page 4 A warning label is attached to the equip- ment. Do not remove the label. If the label is missing or damaged, contact a FURUNO agent or dealer. Name: Warning Label (1) WARNING Type: 86-003-1011-0 To avoid electrical shock, do not Code No.: 100-236-230...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Displaying Surface Fish Clearly ... 17 Suppressing Seabed Tail ... 17 Suppressing Seabed and Sea Surface Reflections in Shallow Fishing Grounds ... 18 Rejecting Sonar Interference and Noise ... 18 Selecting Horizontal Beamwidth ... 19 Selecting Vertical Beamwidth... 19 6. ADVANCED OPERATION______________________________ 20 General ...
  • Page 6 9. WARNING __________________________________________ 30 Overvoltage Warning ... 30 Unretracted Transducer Warning ... 30 10. MENU ____________________________________________ 32 General ... 32 Changing Menu Settings ... 32 11. INTERFACE MODULE CSH-5060 ______________________ 35 Specifications ... 35 Operation ... 36 Indications ... 47 Marks and Data ...

  • Page 7: Foreword

    14" non-glare, high resolution CRT screen. Its ease of operation, versatility and compact size make it the perfect match for any class of fishing vessel. Some of the prominent features of the CSH-5 MARK-2 are as fol- lows; • Compact 8" tube retraction tank •...

  • Page 8: System Configuration

    2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION System Configuration...

  • Page 9: Controls

    Operating Controls The CSH-5 MARK-2 provides intuitive operation. If you change a control setting you will see the associated reaction on the screen al- most immediately. All operations are carried out from the main panel and the control box. The front panel incorporates mainly controls which do not require frequent adjustment, such as brilliance, interfer- ence rejector, and audio volume.

  • Page 10: Main Panel

    CONTRAST DIMMER AUDIO POWER COLOR SCANNING SONAR AGC suppresses the echo tail of strong targets, e.g., the seabed, for easy recognition of fish schools adjacent to the sea bottom. Position "1" or "2" is the normal setting. NOISE LIM is used to reject noise which is displayed over the screen in light blue.

  • Page 11: Control Box Panel

    Control Box Panel TRANSDUCER retracts the transducer is moving and lights when stopped. TX turns on the transmitter, freeze the display and turns off the transmitter. The light above the switch is on when the transmitter is turned on and flickers when off. Note: The transmitter is turned off when the transducer is retracted even if TRANSDUCER RANGE...
  • Page 12 The echoes along the marker can be monitored thru the built-in speaker. The lamp at the left of the switch lights during sector scanning. These keys provide user-defined sonar setting by one key operation. These keys have factory settings. See page 22. ” and simultaneously...

  • Page 13: Menu Screen

    PULSELENGTH : 7 TX CYCLE TVG NEAR The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs four menu screens; menu-l, menu-2 and system menu. Of the four menus, the menu-2 and system menu contain preset items which do not require setting alteration if they are once set at installation.
  • Page 14 Turning Off Scan Menu To turn off the scan menu, press the MENU key. Note: Settings for the items shown in red are locked. To unlock the List of Scan Menu Items SCAN MENU TX OUTPUT PLUSELENGTH TX CYCLE TVG NEAR TVG FAR AUTO SCN WDTH : AUTO TLT WDTH :...
  • Page 15 , t a . y l i t r i t t i t t i t t t t e c i t . e l i t i t t e t i s i t r t s i .

  • Page 16: Basic Operation

    Turning the Power On/Off 4. BASIC OPERATION This section provides information necessary for basic operation of the CSH-5 MARK-2, from turning the power on and off to detecting and tracking fish schools. The basic operating procedure is shown below. Basic Operating Procedure...

  • Page 17: Lowering The Transducer

    Lowering the Transducer Selecting a Display Range Setting the Tilt Angle Power Off Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch on the control box. Wait until the lamp above the switch lights, and then press the POWER “OFF” switch. Note that the transducer automatically retracts into the tank even if the POWER “OFF”...
  • Page 18 Seabed Echo vs Tilt Angle Case 1: Tilt Angle 30 to 40 degrees A wide tilt angle will display the entire seabed since it is captured by the full width of the beam. Case 2: Tilt Angle 10 to 20 degrees A narrow tilt angle will display only half the seabed since it is cap- tured by only the lower half of the beam.

  • Page 19: Points To Consider

    Points to Consider • As a general rule of thumb, a vertically distributed fish school is a better sonar target than the seabed, since it reflects the transmitted pulse back toward to the source. • In case 3, both fish schools a and b are presented. Generally...
  • Page 20 Depth...

  • Page 21: Adjusting The Gain

    Adjusting the Gain The gain should be adjusted to see fish echoes clearly with minimal noise on the screen. Too high a setting not only causes excessive noise on the screen and makes it difficult to discriminate wanted fish echoes but also causes seabed echoes to be painted in strong colors, resulting that the echoes from bottom fish are masked by seabed re- flections.

  • Page 22: Fine Tuning The Picture

    The CSH-5 MARK-2 incorporates two TVG function, NEAR and FAR, and they mainly compensate for propagation loss on short and long ranges respectively, centered at the ranges shown below. Setting a TVG in the scan menu larger (smaller) increases (decreases) ampli- fication of echoes.

  • Page 23: Displaying Surface Fish Clearly

    3. Locate a fish school on a long range setting which is approaching own ship. Note that the tilt should be kept adjusted so that the fish school is always placed in the center of the sonar beam, i.e., so that the fish school is displayed in strongest colors possible. Check that the fish echo is displayed in the same color while it approaches.

  • Page 24: Suppressing Seabed And Sea Surface Reflections In Shallow Fishing Grounds

    OUTPUT decreased with gain maintained constant. While observing the sonar picture, you may encounter occasional or intermittent noise and interference as shown below. These are mostly caused by on-board electronic equipment, engine or propeller noise, or electrical noise from other sonars being operated nearby.

  • Page 25: Selecting Horizontal Beamwidth

    To erase the interference ring from the screen, reduce the TX cycle setting on the scan menu screen. See page 8. Note: When the sonar is used in a shallow water with the range set between 100 m and 200 m and the TX cycle at “10”, seabed reflections caused by the transmission which is the last but one on near range on screen.

  • Page 26: Advanced Operation

    Measuring Range and Bearing to a Target Detecting Fish Schools Aurally 6. ADVANCED OPERATION It this section, how to use the CSH-5 MARK-2 effectively in actual fishing operations is presented. To measure the range and bearing to a target, use the trackball.

  • Page 27: Relocating Fish School For Easy Observation

    Relocating Fish School for Easy Observation Procedure 1. Move the trackball mark “ tor through the speaker, by operating the trackball. 2. Press the R/B key. The bearing marker will appear in the direction of the trackball mark and echoes in that direction are monitored through the speaker.

  • Page 28: Finding Fish School Center

    R 800 Angle set by TILT lever (10 ) Present tilt angle Function keys provide user defined sonar settings by one key opera- tion. Default setting These keys are preset at factory for one key operation as follows; F1 : For detection of near range...
  • Page 29 Registering Procedure 1. Press the MENU key. 2. Rotate the RANGE control to select FUNC KEY PROG. 3. Rotate the GAIN control to select FUNC1 or FUNC2. 4. Press the TX key. Each time the TX key is pressed, the current settings in the scan menu and E/S menu are recorded.

  • Page 30: Mark And Data

    TRACKBALL MARK DATA Slant Range Horizontal Range Depth True Bearing TRACKBALL MARK HEADING MARK OWN SHIP MARK Marks l l a 7. MARK AND DATA This chapter describes the marks and data which appear on the dis- play screen. BEARING OF BEARING MARK RANGE TO RANGE MARK i t i i t c...

  • Page 31: Data

    Data Trackball Data : Slant Range : Horizontal Range : Depth : Bearing The bearing is shown in either 360 or 180 indication system relative to ship’s heading. In the latter case, "B" is indicated as follows. Range Data Shows the range scale set with the RANGE switch. Tilt Data The tilt angle set with the TILT level is displayed in 1 steps between 0 and 55 .

  • Page 32: Interpreting The Display

    8. INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY General Interpreting the Display (a) Flat Seabed Tilt Angle: 10 - 15 (b) Flat Seabed Tilt Angle: 20 or more (c) Slanting Seabed Tilt Angle: 20 or more This section provides information necessary for interpreting the display. Seabed When the tilt angle is changed, the seabed echo illustrated below will appear on the screen.

  • Page 33: Fish School

    A fish school appears as a mass of echoes on the screen. The color of the mass shows the density of fish schools on the sonar beam. To know the distribution and center point of a fish school, the tilt should be changed to several different angles.

  • Page 34: Sea Surface Reflections

    To reduce the sea surface reflections, set the tilt angle to 5 or more so that the upper edge of the sonar beam may not hit sea surface, or adjust TVG functions. When the sonar is used with a narrow tilt angle, the sea surface reflections cover large area (up to 300 m to 400 m) as illustrated below.

  • Page 35: False Echo By Sidelobe

    In case the fishing ground is crowded with many fishing boats, the sonar is subject to interference from ultrasonic equipment such as an echo sounder, sonar, etc. on board other boats as well as those on board own ship. For instance, interference from the sonar operated on board other boats will appear as a ring as shown in (A).

  • Page 36: Warning

    Overvoltage Warning Unretracted Transducer Warning If the supply voltage rises about 20% to over the rated value, the overvoltage detection circuit is actuated. The following warning flick- ers at the center of the screen and an alarm sounds. OVERVOLTAGE! If this occurs, retract the transducer, turn the POWER off and check the ship’s mains (and the stepdown transformer if provided).
  • Page 37 Hand Crank Down Command LED (Red) hull unit Power switch (Normally " " position) Main Fuse Fuse for Transceiver Power LED (Green) Bottom Power SW Breaker Transceiver Unit...

  • Page 38: Menu

    RES COL CURVE COL EMPHASIS FUNC KEY PROG The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs three menu screens, menu-1 menu-2, and system menu, to preset infrequently used functions. Procedure to Change Menu Settings 1. Turn off the transmitter with the TX key; LED flickers.

  • Page 39: System Menu

    Menu-2 The figure below shows menu-2. ** MENU 2 ** MENU MODE EXT KP RANGE MARKER MARK INDI . t u System Menu The figure below shows the system menu. ** SYSTEM MENU ** [MENU MODE] HEADING ADJ AUTO SCN SPD AUTO TLT SPD UNIT MENU SELECT...
  • Page 40 s t l . s l / i s t t e i t a i a t , s l l i t t l a i t a . f f , y l s i r i l a , t n i t a i t c...

  • Page 41: Interface Module Csh-5060

    (a) Normal (b) Normal + Text (c) Echo Sounder Combination (Normal + Echo Sounder) (d) Sonar Combination (Normal + Signal on R/B Mark) 2. Display Mark Course line mark, Current mark, Event mark, Electronic bearing scale, Heading mark, and Net sonde data are graphically displayed on the Echo Sounder Combination mode.

  • Page 42: Operation

    Operation AUTO EVENT TILT MENU SECTOR EVENT SCAN DELETE GAIN OFF- CENTER TRACKBALL Target Lock Mark AUTO EVENT TILT SECTOR EVENT SCAN DELETE OFF- CENTER LED lamp The functions of the Interface Module are accessed from the MENU screen except the Event mark and North mark*. 1.
  • Page 43 TARGET LOCK FUNCTION 3. Erasing Weak Noise Unknown weak noise appearing over the entire screen can be erased with DELETE COLOR, on the SCAN menu. Echoes are erased in order from weakest to strongest, so you may use this function to show only strong echoes.
  • Page 44 4. Suppressing Effects of Pitching and Rolling The Motion Sensor MS-100 (option) compensates for the effects of pitching and rolling to provide stable sonar pictures. You may enable it as follows: 1. Press the [MENU] key to display the SCAN menu.
  • Page 45 5. Detecting Fish Echoes in Specific Area (Fish Alarm) The fish alarm alerts you to fish echoes in an area you select. Any fish echoes entering the area will trigger the audio alarm. The fish echo level which triggers the alarm may be selected from the scan menu.
  • Page 46 RANGE GAIN the menu, turn the RANGE control counterclockwise. Note: The gain and range of the sonar picture can not be changed Exit from Menu Screen To exit from the menu screen and return to the sonar screen, press the MENU key.

  • Page 47: Menu Description

    8. Menu Description The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs three menu screens, MENU-1, MENU- 2 and SYSTEM Menu, to preset infrequently used functions. During normal operation (transducer lowered, transmitter ON), the SCAN Menu appears on the screen. This lets you adjust settings while ob- serving the sonar picture.
  • Page 48 MENU-2 ** MENU-2 ** [MENU MODE] : MENU-1 EXT KP SYNC RANGE MARKER 1/4R BEARING SCALE CURRENT MARK COURSE MARK HEADING INDI 32-AZI CURRENT INDI 32-AZI EVENT INDI 32-AZI MARK INDI POSITION DATA SYSTEM MENU ** SYSTEM MENU ** [MENU MODE] : MENU-1 HEADING ADJ AUTO SCN SPD...
  • Page 49 SCAN MENU ** SCAN MENU ** ** SCAN MENU ** MENU MODE MENU MODE SCAN SCAN DISPLAY MODE : COMBI-1 TX OUTPUT PULSELENGTH TX CYCLE : 10 TVG NEAR TVG FAR DELETE COLOR AUTO SCN WDTH : AUTO TLT WDTH 2~10 MARK ERASE COURSE...
  • Page 50 DISPLAY MODE NORM: TEXT: COMBI 1: Sonar Combination (Normal + Signal on Bearing Mark); The COMBI 2: Echo Sounder Combination (Normal + Echo Sounder); When an Deletes echo colors whose strength is lower than the strength selected here. DELETE Useful for eliminating noise.
  • Page 51 E/S Menu Item E/S SHIFT Shifts the start depth of the display range and the maximum value is about 1000 m irrespective of the depth unit. The unit shift value is determined by the range in use. See table below. E/S IR Turns the Interference Rejector on and off.
  • Page 52 MENU-2 (Refer to pages 47 to 51 for location on the screen.) i t a SYSTEM MENU l i a . ) e . t i i t a ˚ 0 i ˚ i t a , h t i t a i t a i t i .

  • Page 53: Indications

    Indications Electronic Bearing Scale Mark Indication (Bearing) Course Mark 1. Normal Mode (NORM) Heading Indication Current Mark Own Ship’s Mark...
  • Page 54 2. Normal + Text Mode Current Indication Position Data Latest Event Mark Data Past Event Mark Navigational Data...
  • Page 55 3. Echo Sounder Combination Mode (COMBI 1) Normal + Echo Sounder 16 Color Bar Sonar Picture Echo Sounder Picture...
  • Page 56 4. Sonar Combination (COMBI 2) Normal + Signal on R/B Mark 16 Color Bar Sonar Picture Signal on R/B Mark...

  • Page 57: Marks And Data

    Marks and Data New Marks and Data The position data of the latest event mark, i.e., horizontal range ( ), Latest Event Mark Data present depth ( ) and bearing. ( original depth which remains unchanged even if ship moves or tilt angle is changed.

  • Page 58: Event Mark Position Output

    Event Mark Position Output Connected to a navigator, the CSH-5 MARK-2 can output event mark position data to external equipment when the [EVENT] key is oper- ated. The data sentence output is "SSTLL" (NMEA, IEC-1162 for- mat).

  • Page 59: Maintenance

    12. MAINTENANCE The CSH-5 MARK-2 is designed and constructed to provide many years of trouble-free performance when properly maintained. User- performable maintenance and important points to be observed are outlined in the figure below.

  • Page 60: Unit Diagnostic Tests

    LANGUAGE SELF TEST Description of Unit-diagnostic Tests 13. UNIT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS This unit has eight built-in diagnostic tests which check it for proper performance. Although the tests are designed primarily for use by the service technician, they can also be executed by the user to identify defective components.

  • Page 61: Panel Test

    Conti Test This is a continuous test of the Display and Transceiver Units. Addi- tionally checked devices are DROM and DRAM. CONTI TEST MAIN 105-0541-XXX 105-0542-XXX = OK = OK = OK DROM = OK DRAM = OK DPRAM = OK 105- -XXX 105- -XXX...
  • Page 62 Color Test The color test checks for proper display of all colors. COLOR TEST 16 Color display PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS TO STOP SELFCHECK Echo-1 Test The echo-1 test checks echo processing circuits in the display unit for proper operation.
  • Page 63 Gray Test The gray test checks for proper display of monochrome characters and markers. Concentric rings and a monochrome test bar are dis- played. GRAY TEST PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS TO STOP SELFCHECK Echo-2 Test The echo-2 test checks echo processing circuits in the transceiver and display units.

  • Page 64: Characteristics Of The Ultrasonic Wave In Water

    14. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ULTRASONIC WAVE IN WATER Sound Velocity Velocity (m/sec) 1445.4 1450.0 1454.4 1458.8 1463.1 1467.2 1471.3 1475.3 1479.2 1483.0 1486.7 1490.3 1493.8 1497.3 1500.6 1503.8 1507.0 1510.0 1513.0 1515.9 1518.7 The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the charac- teristics of the ultrasonic wave in water.

  • Page 65: Absorption And Attenuation

    Absorption and Attenuation 10000 1000 0.01 0.001 0.0001 Frequency (Hz) Research in the waters throughout the world has revealed that there is a difference of approximately 100 m/s between the areas where the velocity is maximum and minimum Generally, the velocity increases as follows, provided that salinity density is constant: •...

  • Page 66: Refraction

    Refraction Distance (Km) Within 100m Propagation path An ultrasonic wave transmitted in water does not travel straight but is more or less refracted. This refraction is caused by the variation of propagation velocity in water. If the velocity decreases (temperature decreases) with depth, the top part of the wave front moves faster than its bottom part, and gradually the front bends downwards.

  • Page 67: Adverse Effect Of Air Bubbles

    In actual fishing grounds, the temperature distribution and subsequently the behavior of the sound beam is much more compli- cated. It is, therefore, for effective use of sonar, necessary to know at least roughly how the temperature is distributed in various waters.

  • Page 68: Reflection At Seabed And Fish School

    In the actual sonar operation, adverse effect of air bubbles is shown by interrupted display of target echoes which occurs while crossing over the wake of another boat or when the sonar transducer passes above the air bubbles generated by own ship.
  • Page 69 Frequency (kHz) Reflection Loss (Mackerel No.1) Incident Direction of Ultrasonic Wave Back Species Sardine Bonito Horse Mackerel 0.8-1.2 Sea Bream Turbot Average Frequency (kHz) Reflection Loss (Mackerel No.2) Side Head 0.13 1.4-2.2 0.4-0.6 0.45...

  • Page 70: Specifications

    SPECIFICATIONS 1. Display PPI display on 14" non-glare, high resolution color CRT 2. Display Color 16 colors according to echo strength 3. Numeric information Scanning Data (Range, Tilt angle, Gain) Trackball Mark Data (Slant range, Horizontal range, Depth, Bearing) Range/Bearing Mark Data (Range, Bearing) 4.

  • Page 71: Tilt Angle

    5. AUDIO SEARCH Searching Method Echoes in the direction of the bearing mark are audibly monitored by the built-in loudspeaker. Audio Sector 20˚, 40˚, 80˚, 120˚ (selectable) Audio Output Audio Frequency 800Hz 6. Transmitter/Receiver Transmitter High power MOS FET amplifier with 11-step power reduction switch Receiver Low noise superheterodyne, continuously scan-...

  • Page 72: Index

    Absorption 59 AGC control 17 Air bubbles 61 Attenuation 59 AUDIO control 21 AUTO TILT key 6 Color test 56 Conti test 55 Control box panel 5 Data description 25 DEMAG button 3 Diagnostics color test 56 conti test 55 echo-1 test 56 echo-2 test 57 gray test 57...
  • Page 73 Scan menu 8 Sea surface reflections 28 Seabed echo 26 SECTOR SCAN key 6, 21 Sidelobe 29 Single test 54 SIO test 51 Sound velocity 58 System configuration 2 System menu 33 Tilt angle and discriminating fish echoes from bottom 12 for surface fish 13 general selection 11 TILT lever 5, 11...

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