ONTENTS 56K F AX MODEM RODUCT Modulation Schemes Error Control and Data Compression Schemes Fax Modulation Schemes Front Channel Link Rates (V.90/V.92) Back Channel Link Rates (V.92) Back Channel Link Rates (V.90) V.34+ Link Rates V.32bis Link Rates Additional Link Rates Fax Link Rates DTE Rates NTERNAL AND...
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Uninstalling an External Faxmodem Uninstalling a Macintosh Faxmodem ROUBLESHOOTING AND External Serial Modems Basic Troubleshooting Steps My computer isn't recognizing my modem. My software isn't recognizing my modem. My modem won't dial out or doesn't answer incoming calls. Office Users Dialing Problems for Voice Mail Users My modem sounds like it's trying to connect to another modem but fails.
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Basic Troubleshooting Steps My computer isn’t recognizing my modem. Possible solution: My software isn’t recognizing my modem. My modem won’t dial out or doesn’t answer incoming calls. Office Users Voice Mail Users My modem sounds like it’s trying to connect to another modem but fails.
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LOSSARY ECHNICAL EFERENCE Front-of-the-Case Lights (External Serial Faxmodems) Top-of-the-Case Lights (Voice Faxmodem Pro Externals) Typing Commands Basic Data Commands Extended Data Commands S Registers Bit-Mapped Registers EGULATORY NFORMATION Manufacturer's Declaration of Conformity Tested to comply with FCC Standards for Home and Office Use. Part 15 Caution to the User Part 68...
NTERNAL AND Making a External Modems with Speakerphone Speakerphone Call with a Telephone 1 Make sure your telephone is plugged into the modem's PHONE jack. 2 Lift the telephone's handset. 3 Dial the phone number. 4 When the person on the other end answers, press the SPEAKER button (on top of the modem).
2: I HAPTER N TER NAL AN D XTERN AL If you do not hear your phone ring, you may not have the telephone's cord plugged into the modem's PHONE jack. If you are using your communications software to dial speakerphone calls, the software needs to be running in order for you to hear incoming calls.
NOTE: These instructions only apply to current U.S. Robotics modems. If the modem you'll be uninstalling was made by another manufacturer, refer to that modem's documentation for instructions. This chapter covers the uninstallation of: Uninstalling a (Model Numbers 3CP5699A, 3CPxx5699A, 3CPxx2884A, 3CP5695, and Winmodem modem 3CPxx5695) 1 Click Start, point to Settings and then click Control Panel.
3: U U.S. R HAPTER NIN STA LLIN G A 8 Shut down Windows and turn off your computer. 9 Remove the phone cords from the modem's TELCO and PHONE jacks. If the modem is a voice modem, remove any microphones or powered speakers attached to the modem.
9 Remove the screw that attaches the modem's metal bracket to the computer. 10 Remove the modem from its slot. 11 Replace the computer's cover. Your modem has now been completely uninstalled. Uninstalling an 1. First remove the modem from the Windows operating system. From External Faxmodem the Start menu, point to Settings and then click Control Panel.
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3: U U.S. R ® HAPTER NIN STA LLIN G A OBOTIC S OD EM...
This chapter covers: External Serial Modems Basic Troubleshooting 1. Is your modem turned on? When your modem is properly connected Steps to power and is turned on, the CS light on the front panel will be on. 2. Is your power supply connected properly to both your modem and an electrical outlet? If it is, check the outlet with another electric device (like a lamp) to be sure that you are getting power.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND with this modem. Depending on whether you have a 9-pin or 25-pin serial port on your computer, you will need either a DB9/DB25 or a DB25/DB25 serial cable. See the diagrams below. 4. If there are DIP switches on the back of your modem, are they set correctly? DIP switches 3, 5, and 8 should be in the down position.
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External Serial Modems tab. Look for another modem already in the machine. If there is another modem listed, check which COM port it is using. If a previous modem is already using the available COM port, you can either use another COM port or uninstall the previously installed modem.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES Windows NT Click Windows Start, Settings, and then Control Panel. Double-click Ports. Make sure the port you are plugging the modem into appears in the list. If it does not, the port needs to be added, and possibly enabled in the BIOS.
External Serial Modems your modem is not properly installed. Try reinstalling your modem using the instructions on the Installation Guide. Windows 95/98/NT You may not have the correct modem type selected in your software or in Windows. Click on Windows Start, Settings, and Control Panel.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND You might have a bad phone cord connection to your modem, or your phone cord may be plugged into the wrong jack. The phone cord should be plugged into the jack labelled phone jack. Use the phone cord included in your modem's box if possible.
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External Serial Modems My modem isn't Possible solution: achieving a 56K Our research has shown that the vast majority of telephone lines in North Internet connection. America can and do support V.90/V.92 connections. The V.90/V.92 protocol allows for connection speeds of up to 56K, but line conditions may affect the actual speeds during a given connection.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND 4. For a V.92 connection, your modem must be connecting to a V.92 server. A pair of 56K modems will not connect to each other at V.92/56K speeds. Note: Current IC/FCC regulations limiting power may limit maximum download speeds to 53,333 bps.
NOTE: You should NOT attempt to connect or use your modem with both the USB and serial cable connected at the same time. Your modem may fail to respond. If this occurs, you must power down your computer, disconnect the cable you are not using, and restart your system. 4.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES such as a Null Modem cable, that will not work correctly with this modem. If You Are Using This Possible solution: Modem as a USB Your USB port may not be enabled. To ensure USB is enabled on your Device system, click Windows Start.
External USB Modems Possible solution: If the modem has worked previously and you removed the USB cable from the computer and then reattached it, try another USB port. It may have been set up originally on the other USB port. You should notice some minimal activity from your computer such as hard disk activity or an hour glass icon for a few seconds when you insert or remove a USB cable from the computer or the USB device.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES COM Ports have yellow exclamation points or red Xs over them, your COM ports may be configured incorrectly or are disabled. If this is the case, you may need to contact your computer manufacturer. Windows NT Click Windows Start, Settings, and then Control Panel.
External USB Modems your modem is not properly installed. Try reinstalling your modem using the instructions on the Installation Guide. Windows 95/98/NT You may not have the correct modem type selected in your software or in Windows. Click on Windows Start, Settings, and Control Panel.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND be plugged into the jack labelled phone jack. Use the phone cord included in your modem's box if possible. Possible solution: You may have devices between the modem and the phone jack. There should be no line splitters, fax machines, or other devices between the modem and the wall jack.
configurations, some users will not be able to take full advantage of V.90 technology at this time. In order to achieve a V.90 connection, the following must occur: 1 The server you're dialing in to must support and provide a digital V.90 signal.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES panel will be on. If they are not, check your outlet with another electrical device to be sure you are getting power. 3. If there are DIP switches on the back of your modem, are they set correctly? DIP switches 1, 3, 5, and 8 should be in the down position.
Macintosh Modems modem. Make sure it is connected to the modem port on the back of your computer and not the printer port. My software isn't Possible solution: recognizing my Your communications software may not function properly if you have modem.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND phone jack. Use the phone cord included in your modem's box if possible. Possible solution: You may have devices between the modem and the phone jack. There should be no line splitters, fax machines, or other devices between the modem and the wall jack.
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Macintosh Modems My modem isn’t Possible solution: achieving a 56K Note: U.S. Robotics 56K modems are capable of receiving downloads at Internet connection. up to 56 Kbps and sending at 31.2 Kbps. Actual download speeds you experience may be lower due to varying line conditions. Maximum download speeds in U.S.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND Internal U.S. (Model Numbers 3CP5699A, 3CPxx5699A, 3CP5695, 3CPxx5695, and Robotics 3CPxx2884A) Winmodem ® Modems Basic Troubleshooting 1. Make sure that your phone cord is properly connected. Remove the Steps phone cord from the modem and wall jacks. Reinsert the cord securely in the wall jack and the modem’s jack labelled included with your modem, if possible.
Internal U.S. Robotics Winmodem® Modems yellow exclamation points or red Xs over them, your COM ports may be configured incorrectly. If this is the case, you may need to contact your computer manufacturer. Possible solution: Windows 95 or 98 Your modem will locate a free IRQ to install itself. For a proper installation, one of these IRQs will have to be free before you install your modem.
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4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES software provided with your modem either on the Installation CD-ROM or the Connections CD-ROM. Possible solution: Check in your software manual or with the software manufacturer to make sure that your software is completely Windows-based. The Winmodem modem does not work with DOS components of any software.
My modem won’t For both Dialing and Answering Problems dial out or doesn’t Possible solution: answer incoming calls. You may have a bad phone cord connection to your modem, or your phone cord may be plugged into the wrong jack. The phone cord should be plugged into the jack labelled phone jack.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND Our research has shown that the vast majority of telephone lines in North America can and do support 56K Installation. The V.90 protocol allows for connection speeds of up to 56K, but line conditions may affect the actual speeds during a given connection.
Internal ISA Modems 2. Make sure that your modem is physically installed correctly in your computer. With your computer off, remove the modem and reinstall it in another slot if possible. When the modem is installed correctly, you will no longer see any part of the connector edge, which may be gold or black.
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4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES information, as the installation using jumper shunts is similar for Windows NT, 95, and 98. If Plug-and-Play fails to install the modem, you need to determine IRQ availability. Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop. Click Properties, and then the Device Manager tab.
Internal ISA Modems and then double-click Phone and Modem Options. Click the Modems tab. Look for another modem already in the machine. If there is another modem listed, check which COM port it is using. If a previous modem is already using the available COM port, you can either use another COM port or uninstall the previously installed modem.
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4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND Possible solution: Your software’s port settings may be incorrect. There should be a place in the Setup section of your software that addresses port settings. Make sure the software’s port settings match those for your modem. See the Installation Guide that came with your modem for an explanation about how to determine your modem’s port settings.
Internal ISA Modems Windows 95/98/NT If you are using Dial-Up Networking, it may not be installed or configured correctly. Check your configuration and make sure you have the correct modem selected. Double-click My Computer, double-click Dial-Up Networking, right-click the connection you are trying to use, and click Properties.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND My modem sounds Possible solution: like it's trying to You may have a poor connection. All calls are routed differently, so try connect to another placing the call again. modem but fails. My modem isn't Possible solution: achieving a 56K Note: U.S.
3. Your modem must be connecting to a V.90/56K server. A pair of 56K modems will not connect to each other at V.90/56K speeds. Internal PCI (Model Numbers 3CP5609, 3CP5610x, and 3CPxx5610x) Modems Basic Troubleshooting 1. Make sure that your phone cord is properly connected. Remove the Steps phone cord from the modem and wall jacks.
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4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES If a usable, free IRQ does not exist, you may need to remove, disable, or relocate another device. Refer to that device’s documentation for more information about removing, disabling, or relocating it. If Windows still fails to recognize your modem and it does not have a yellow exclamation point next to its IRQ, or if your modem doesn’t appear in the list, another problem exists, and you may need to call U.S.
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Internal PCI Modems Possible solution: You may be using a COM port address that is either already in use or not configured correctly. To work properly, this modem needs to be assigned to a free COM port. Windows 2000 Make sure your COM port is not already in use by another modem.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES My software isn't Possible solution: recognizing my Your communications software may not function properly if you have modem. more than one version of the software installed, you are using an older version, or you have more than one communications software installed on your system.
Internal PCI Modems Possible solution: Windows 2000 If you are using Dial-Up Networking, it may not be configured correctly. Check your configuration and make sure you have the correct port selected. Click Start, point to Settings and click Network and Dial-up Connections. Make sure that the description in the “Connect Using”...
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND Voice Mail Users Possible solution: If you have voice mail provided by your local phone company, your dial tone may be altered when messages are waiting. Retrieve your voice mail to restore your normal dial tone. My modem sounds Possible solution: like it's trying to...
should try making your 56K connection several times. One way to test this is to dial into a long distance location. Long distance lines are often much clearer than local lines. It is important to note that telephone companies are constantly upgrading their systems. Lines that do not support 56K today may support 56K in the near future.
4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES Customer Support via Technical questions about U.S. Robotics modems can be answered by the Phone technical support specialists. If you can, have your ati7 information written down on a piece of paper before you call tech support.
Are You Still Having Problems? Send the package insured or via a courier capable of tracking the progress of the shipment. Ship to the following address: In the United States: USR-Walnut 528 Spanish Ln. Walnut, Ca 91789 In Canada: U.S. Robotics Unit-100, 13751 Mayfield Pl.
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4: T HAPTER ROUB LESHOOTING A ND ESOU RCES...
LOSSARY analog loopback A modem self-test in which data from the keyboard or an internal test pattern is sent to the modem's transmitter, turned into analog form, looped back to the receiver, and converted back into digital form. analog signals A variety of signals and wavelengths that can be transmitted over communications lines such as the sound of a voice over the phone line.
5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY asynchronous transmission Data transmission in which the length of time between transmitted characters may vary. Because characters may not be transmitted at set intervals, start/stop bits are used to mark the beginning and end of each character.
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buffer A temporary memory area used as storage during input and output operations. An example is the modem's command buffer. byte A group of binary digits stored and operated upon as a unit. Most often the term refers to 8-bit units or characters. One kilobyte (KB) is equal to 1,024 bytes or characters;...
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5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY data communications The transmission or sharing of data between computers via an electronic medium. data compression table A table containing values assigned for each character during a call under MNP5 data compression. Default values in the table are continually altered and built during each call: The longer the table, the more efficient throughput gained.
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duplex Indicates a communications channel capable of carrying signals in both directions. See half duplex, full duplex. Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Group which defines electronic standards in the U.S. error control Various techniques that check the reliability of characters (parity) or blocks of data.
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5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY half duplex Signals can flow in both directions, but only one way at a time. In microcomputer communications, may refer to activation of the online local echo, which causes the modem to send a copy of the transmitted data to the screen of the sending computer.
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Microcom Networking Protocol, an error-control protocol developed by Microcom, Inc., and now in the public domain. There are several different MNP protocols, but the most commonly used one ensures error-free transmission through error detection (CRC) and retransmission of flawed frames. modem A device that transmits/receives computer data through a communications channel such as radio or telephone lines.
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5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY parity A simple error-detection method that checks the validity of a transmitted character. Character checking has been surpassed by more reliable and efficient forms of error checking, including V.42 and MNP 2-4 protocols. Either the same type of parity must be used by two communicating computers, or both may omit parity.
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start/stop bits The signaling bits attached to a character before and after the character is transmitted during asynchronous transmission. terminal A device whose keyboard and display are used for sending and receiving data over a communications link. Differs from a microcomputer or a mainframe in that it has little or no internal processing capabilities.
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5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY V.22 An ITU-T standard for modem communications at 1200 bps, compatible with the Bell 212A standard observed in the U.S. and Canada. V.22 bis An ITU-T standard for modem communications at 2400 bps. The standard includes an automatic link negotiation fallback to 1200 bps and compatibility with Bell 212A/V.22 modems.
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V.42 An ITU-T standard for modem communications that defines a two-stage process of detection and negotiation for LAPM error control. V.42 bis An extension of ITU-T V.42 that defines a specific data compression scheme for use during V.42 connections. V.90 The ITU-T standard for 56 Kbps modem communications.
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5: G HAPTER L OSSA RY Technology U.S. Robotics's trademark for its proprietary technology that uses the digital telephone network to increase the bit rate of the receive channel by eliminating the analog to digital conversion commonly found in modem connections. x2 connections require a modem with x2 technology calling a digitally connected Internet Service Provider or corporate host site compatible with x2 technology.
Front-of-the-Case Lights (External Serial Faxmodems) Symbol ECHNICAL EFERENCE Meaning Status Auto Answer ON when register S0 is set to mode 1 or higher (Auto Answer), and when answering a call; OFF when modem originates a call. Light flashes when there is an incoming call. Carrier Detect ON if modem receives a valid data signal (carrier) from a...
6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Symbol ARQ/Error Control/FAX Top-of-the-Case Lights (Voice Faxmodem Pro Light Externals) POWER SEND RECEIVE ONLINE Typing Commands All defaults are based on the &F1*Hardware Flow Control template loaded in NVRAM when the modem is shipped. Defaults are listed in italics.
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<control key>C or <control key>K Stop help screens. Use in conjunction with D, S, or & commands (or just AT) to display a basic command list; online help. Manual Answer: Goes off hook in answer mode. Pressing any key before connected aborts the operations. Re-executes the last issued command.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E T Tone dial (Comma) Pause. Linked to S8 register. (Semicolon) Return to Command mode after dialing. " Dials the letters that follow (in an alphabetical phone number). ! (Exclamation point) Flashes the switch hook. Delays for 125 ms.
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Product type Current modem settings Nonvolatile memory (NVRAM) settings Link diagnostics Product configuration Plug and Play information Extended link diagnostics Controls speaker volume (internals only). Low volume Low volume Medium volume High volume Operates speaker. Speaker always OFF. Speaker ON until CONNECT. Speaker always ON.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Sr=n Sets register r to n. NOTE: Result codes 0 - 155 are for 33.6 products and V.90 products. Result codes above 155 apply only to V.90. Result Codes Table 6 - 1 Result Codes 0/OK 1/CONNECT...
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Table 6 - 1 Result Codes 220/CONNECT 52000 224/CONNECT 53333 228/CONNECT 54666 232/CONNECT 56000 Adaptive Dialing Wait for 2nd Dial Tone Wait for Answer (@) Fast Dial *Requires @ in dial string; replaces NO CARRIER Selects power-on/reset default configuration.
Extended Data &$ Commands &An Enables/disables added result code subsets (see Xn). &Bn Manages modem's serial port rate. &Cn Controls Carrier Detect (CD) signal. &Dn Controls Data Terminal Ready (DTR) operations. &Fn Loads a read-only (non-programmable) factory configuration. Displays a list of ampersand (&) commands. &A0 ARQ result codes disabled &A1 ARQ result codes enabled &A2 V.32 modulation indicator added...
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E &F2 Software flow control template &Gn Sets Guard Tone. &Hn Sets Transmit Data (TD) flow control (see also &Rn). &In &Kn Enables/disables data compression. &Mn Sets Error Control (ARQ) for connections at 1200 bps and higher.
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&M2 Reserved &M3 Reserved &M4 Normal/ARQ &M5 ARQ mode &Nn Sets connect speed. If connection cannot be made at this speed, the modem will hang up. When used in conjunction with &Un and &Un is greater than 0, &Nn sets the ceiling connect speed.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Note: &N17 through &N39 apply only to V.90 and V.92 products. &N15 31,200 bps &N16 33,600 bps &N17 28,000 bps &N18 29,333 bps &N19 30,666 bps &N20 32,000 bps &N21 33,333 bps &N22 34,666 bps &N23...
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&N37 54,666 bps &N38 56,000 bps &Pn Sets pulse (rotary) dial make/break ratio. &P0 U.S./Canada ratio, 39%/61% &P1 U.K. ratio, 33%/67% &Rn Sets Receive Data (RD) hardware flow control, Request to Send (RTS) (see also &Hn). &R0 Reserved &R1 Modem ignores RTS &R2 Received Data to computer only on RTS &Sn Controls Data Set Ready (DSR) operations.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E &Un With n > 0, sets the floor connect speed (lowest acceptable connection speed). Note: If your modem cannot connect to the remote modem at or above the speed set with this command, it will hang up. Note:This default setting should be sufficient for most users.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E &Wn Writes current configuration to NVRAM templates. &Yn Sets break handling. &Zn=s &Zn=L &Zn? &ZL? Table 6 - 2 Switch Default Function &U37 54,666 bps &U38 56,000 bps &W0 Modifies the NVRAM 0 template (Y0) &W1 Modifies the NVRAM 1 template (Y1) &Y0...
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Table 6 - 2 Switch Default Function OFF Verbal (word) results ON Numeric results Result Code Display OFF Suppresses result codes ON Enables result codes Command Mode Local Echo Suppression OFF Displays keyboard commands ON Suppresses echo Auto Answer Suppression OFF Modem answers on first ring, or higher if specified in NVRAM ON Disables auto answer...
6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E S Registers Table 6 - 3 Register Default Function Sets number of rings on which to answer in Auto Answer mode. When set to 0, Auto Answer is disabled. Counts and stores number of rings from an incoming call.
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Table 6 - 3 Register Default S Registers Function Sets required duration, in tenths of a second, of remote modem's carrier signal before recognition by your U.S. Robotics modem. Sets duration, in tenths of a second, that modem waits to hang up after loss of carrier.
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Table 6 - 3 Register Default Function Test timer for &T loopback testing. Sets the time in seconds of testing before the modem automatically times out and terminates the test. When set to 0, the timer is disabled.
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Table 6 - 3 Register Default S35-S37 S39-S40 S Registers Function Default item, all times are in tenths of seconds. Disables all connections except V.32 at 9600 bps. Sets the duration, in tenths of a second, of the V.21 answer mode fallback timer. Reserved Reserved Bit-mapped register setup.
6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Bit-Mapped To set a bit-mapped register, select the bit(s) you want on and set the Registers register (for example, S13) to the total of the values in the Value column. For example, ATS13 = 17 enables bit 0 (value is 1) and bit 4 (value is 16). Table 6 - 4 Settings for S13 Bit Value Result Table 6 - 5 Settings for S15...
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Table 6 - 5 Settings for S15 Bit Value Result Disable V.42 operation. Note:To disable V.42 detect phase, select sum of bits 3 and 7 (in other words S15 = 136 [8 + 128]) Table 6 - 6 Settings for S27 Bit Value Result Enables ITU-T V.21 modulation at 300 bps for...
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6: T HAPTER EC HN ICA L EFERENC E Table 6 - 7 Settings for S32 Bit Value Results Table 6 - 8 Settings for S33 Bit Value Results Table 6 - 9 Settings for S41 Bit Value Results V.8 Call Indicate enabled. Enables V.8 mode.
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Table 6 - 9 Settings for S41 Bit Value Results Reserved. Reserved. Reserved. Reserved. Bit-Mapped Registers...
Manufacturer's We declare under our sole responsibility that this product (56K Declaration of Faxmodem) to which this declaration relates, is in conformity with the Conformity following standards or more normative documents: ANSI C63.4-1992 Methods of Measurement Federal Communications Commission 47 CFR part 15, subpart B 15.107 (e) Class B conducted limits 15.109 (g) Class B Radiated Emissions Limits U.S.
7: R HAPTER EGUL ATORY NF ORMA TION (2) this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operations. Caution to the User The user is cautioned that any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Caution to the User To avoid the risk of electrical shock, disconnect the phone cord from the modem and unplug the power to the computer before removing the cover. Fax Branding The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 makes it unlawful for any person to use a computer or other electronic device, including fax machines, to send any message unless such message clearly contains in the margin at the top or bottom of each transmitted page or on the first...
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7: R HAPTER EGUL ATORY NF ORMA TION allowed to be connected to a telephone interface. The termination on an interface may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the sum of the Ringer Equivalence Numbers of all devices does not exceed 5.
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For Canadian Modem Users exigences techniques relatives au matériel terminal. Le Ministère n'assure toutefois pas que le matériel fonctionnera à la satisfaction de l'utilisateur. Avant d'installer ce matériel, l'utilisateur doit s'assurer qu'il est permis de le raccorder aux installations de l'entreprise locale de télécommunication. Le matériel doit également être installé...