Page 1: Management Guide
TigerSwitch 1000 L2 Gigabit Standalone Switch ◆ 24 auto-MDI/MDI-X 10/100/1000BASE-T ports ◆ 4 SFP transceiver slots ◆ 2 XFP media expansion module slots ◆ Non-blocking switching architecture ◆ Support for a redundant power unit ◆ Spanning Tree Protocol, Rapid STP, and MSTP ◆...
Page 3: Tigerswitch 1000
TigerSwitch 1000 Management Guide From SMC’s Tiger line of feature-rich workgroup LAN solutions 38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618 Phone: (949) 679-8000 October 2006 Pub. # 149100028400A...
Page 4 Irvine, CA 92618 All rights reserved. Printed in Taiwan Trademarks: SMC is a registered trademark; and EZ Switch, TigerStack and TigerSwitch are trademarks of SMC Networks, Inc. Other product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Page 5 All SMC products carry a standard 90-day limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller. SMC may, at its own discretion, repair or replace any product not operating as warranted with a similar or functionally equivalent product, during the applicable warranty term.
Page 6 RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. NOTHING IN THIS WARRANTY SHALL BE TAKEN TO AFFECT YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS. * SMC will provide warranty service for one year following discontinuance from the active SMC price list. Under the limited lifetime warranty, internal and external power supplies, fans, and cables are covered by a standard one-year warranty from date of purchase.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
Connecting to the Switch ........
Page 8 ONTENTS Configuring Event Logging ......3-32 Resetting the System ........3-39 Setting the System Clock .
Page 9 Displaying Interface Settings for MSTP ....3-157 Configuring Interface Settings for MSTP ....3-159 VLAN Configuration .
Page 10 ONTENTS Negating the Effect of Commands ..... . . 4-6 Using Command History ....... 4-6 Understanding Command Modes .
Page 11 Event Logging Commands ......4-56 SMTP Alert Commands ....... 4-64 Time Commands .
Page 12 ONTENTS port monitor ........4-158 show port monitor .
Page 13 spanning-tree portfast ....... . 4-197 spanning-tree link-type ....... 4-198 spanning-tree mst cost .
Page 14 ONTENTS Troubleshooting ......B-1 Problems Accessing the Management Interface ....B-1 Using System Logs .
Page 15 ONTENTS...
Page 16 ABLES Table 1-1. Key Features ........1-1 Table 1-2.
Page 17 ABLES Table 4-17 Event Logging Commands ......4-56 Table 4-18 Logging Levels ........4-57 Table 4-19 show logging flash/ram - display description .
Page 18 ABLES Table 4-54 VLAN Commands ......4-204 Table 4-55 Editing VLAN Groups ......4-205 Table 4-56 Configuring VLAN Interfaces .
Page 19 ABLES...
Page 20 System Information ......3-13 Figure 3-4. Switch Information ......3-15 Figure 3-5.
Page 21 IGURES Figure 3-34. HTTPS Settings ....... . 3-73 Figure 3-35. SSH Server Settings ......3-78 Figure 3-36.
Page 22 Figure 3-90. Configuring Internet Group Management Protocol . . 3-201 Figure 3-91. Mapping Multicast Switch Ports to VLANs ..3-202 Figure 3-92. Static Multicast Router Port Configuration ..3-203 Figure 3-93.
Page 23: Introduction
This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching. It includes a management agent that allows you to configure the features listed in this manual. The default configuration can be used for most of the features provided by this switch. However, there are many options that you should configure to maximize the switch’s performance for your particular...
Page 24: Description Of Software Features
Multicast Filtering Supports IGMP snooping and query Description of Software Features The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing features. Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks caused by port saturation. Broadcast storm suppression prevents broadcast traffic storms from engulfing the network.
Page 25 Use the full-duplex mode on ports whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow control should also be enabled to control network traffic during periods of congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are exceeded.
Page 26 Static Addresses – A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table.
Page 27 (CRC). This prevents bad frames from entering the network and wasting bandwidth. To avoid dropping frames on congested ports, the switch provides 1.5 MB for frame buffering. This buffer can queue packets awaiting transmission on congested networks.
Page 28 NTRODUCTION Virtual LANs – The switch supports up to 255 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. The switch supports tagged VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard.
Page 29: System Defaults
LAN or VLAN. The purpose is to keep the non-multicast group members from receiving unsolicited packets and to prevent a possible reduction in network performance. The switch uses IGMP Snooping and Query at Layer 2 and IGMP at Layer 3 to manage multicast group registration.
Page 30 NTRODUCTION Function Web Management HTTP Server SNMP Port Configuration Rate Limiting Port Trunking Broadcast Storm Protection Spanning Tree Protocol Address Table Virtual LANs Table 1-2. System Defaults (Continued) Parameter IP Filtering HTTP Port Number HTTP Secure Server HTTP Secure Port Number Community Strings Traps SNMP V3...
Page 31: Table 1-2. System Defaults
Table 1-2. System Defaults (Continued) Function Parameter Traffic Ingress Port Priority Prioritization Weighted Round Robin IP DSCP Priority IP Settings IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway DHCP BOOTP Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping System Log Status Messages Logged Messages Logged to Flash SMTP Email Event Handler Alerts...
Page 32 NTRODUCTION 1-10...
Page 33: Initial Configuration
Web-based interface. A PC may also be connected directly to the switch for configuration and monitoring via a command line interface (CLI). Note: The IP address for this switch is unassigned by default. To change this address, see “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-6.
Page 34: Required Connections
• Display system information and statistics Required Connections The switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a PC or terminal for monitoring and configuring the switch. A null-modem console cable is provided with the switch. Attach a VT100-compatible terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the switch.
Page 35 DB-9 connector. 2. Connect the other end of the cable to the RS-232 serial port on the switch. 3. Make sure the terminal emulation software is set as follows: •...
Page 36: Remote Connections
IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using a console connection, DHCP or BOOTP protocol. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To manually configure this address or enable dynamic address assignment via DHCP or BOOTP, see “Setting an IP Address”...
Page 37: Setting Passwords
Access to both CLI levels are controlled by user names and passwords. The switch has a default user name and password for each level. To log into the CLI at the Privileged Exec level using the default user name and password, perform these steps: 1.
Page 38: Setting An Ip Address
DHCP address allocation servers on the network. Manual Configuration You can manually assign an IP address to the switch. You may also need to specify a default gateway that resides between this device and management stations on another network segment. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods.
Page 39: Dynamic Configuration
If the “bootp” or “dhcp” option is saved to the startup-config file (step 6), then the switch will start broadcasting service requests as soon as it is powered on. To automatically configure the switch by communicating with BOOTP or...
Page 40 NITIAL ONFIGURATION 1. From the Global Configuration mode prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access the interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>. 2. At the interface-configuration mode prompt, use one of the following commands: • To obtain IP settings via DHCP, type “ip address dhcp” and press <Enter>.
Page 41: Enabling Snmp Management Access
Enabling SNMP Management Access The switch can be configured to accept management commands from Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) applications such as SMC EliteView. You can configure the switch to (1) respond to SNMP requests or (2) generate SNMP traps.
Page 42 NITIAL ONFIGURATION To prevent unauthorized access to the switch from SNMP version 1 or 2c clients, it is recommended that you change the default community strings. To configure a community string, complete the following steps: 1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type “snmp-server community string mode,”...
Page 43: Saving Configuration Settings
Console(config)# For a more detailed explanation on how to configure the switch for access from SNMP v3 clients, refer to “Simple Network Management Protocol” on page 3-42, or refer to the specific CLI commands for SNMP starting on page 4-123.
Page 44: Managing System Files
Console# Managing System Files The switch’s flash memory supports three types of system files that can be managed by the CLI program, Web interface, or SNMP. The switch’s file system allows files to be uploaded and downloaded, copied, deleted, and set as a start-up file.
Page 45 ANAGING YSTEM ILES Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only two operation code files. However, you can have as many diagnostic code files and configuration files as available flash memory space allows. In the system flash memory, one file of each type must be set as the start-up file.
Page 46 NITIAL ONFIGURATION 2-14...
Page 47: Configuring The Switch
Telnet. For more information on using the CLI, refer to Chapter 4 “Command Line Interface.” Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser, be sure you have first performed the following tasks: 1. Configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an out-of-band serial connection, BOOTP or DHCP protocol.
Page 48 If you log in as “admin” (Privileged Exec level), you can change the settings on any page. 3. If the path between your management station and this switch does not pass through any device that uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm, then you can set the switch port attached to your management station to fast forwarding (i.e., enable Admin...
Page 49: Navigating The Web Browser Interface
“admin.” Home Page When your web browser connects with the switch’s web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below. The home page displays the Main Menu on the left side of the screen and System Information on the right side.
Page 50: Configuration Options
Panel Display The web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports. The Mode can be set to display different information for the ports, including Active (i.e., up or down), Duplex (i.e., half or full duplex, or Flow Control (i.e., with or without flow control).
Page 51: Main Menu
Main Menu Using the onboard web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program. Menu System System Information...
Page 52 Table 3-2. Main Menu (Continued) Description Sends an SMTP client message to a participating server. Restarts the switch Configures SNTP client settings, including broadcast mode or a specified list of servers Sets the local time zone for the system clock...
Page 53 Table 3-2. Main Menu (Continued) Menu Port Security 802.1x Information Configuration Port Configuration Statistics Configuration Port Binding IP Filter Port Port Information Trunk Information Port Configuration Trunk Configuration Trunk Membership LACP Configuration Aggregation Port Port Counters Information Port Internal Information AVIGATING THE Description Configures per port security, including...
Page 54 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Menu Port Neighbors Information Port Broadcast Control Trunk Broadcast Control Mirror Port Configuration Rate Limit Input Port Configuration Port Statistics Address Table Static Addresses Dynamic Addresses Address Aging Spanning Tree Information Configuration Port Information Trunk Information Port Configuration Trunk Configuration Table 3-2.
Page 55 MST instance Enables GVRP VLAN registration protocol Displays information on the VLAN type supported by this switch Shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port is tagged or untagged Used to create or remove VLAN groups...
Page 56 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Menu Configuration Association Port Information Port Configuration Protocol VLAN Configuration Port Configuration Priority Default Port Priority Default Trunk Priority Traffic Classes Queue Mode Queue Scheduling IP DSCP Priority Status Globally selects IP DSCP Priority, or IP DSCP Priority ACL CoS Priority 3-10 Table 3-2.
Page 57: Basic Configuration
Field Attributes • System Name – Name assigned to the switch system. • Object ID – MIB II object ID for switch’s network management subsystem. • Location – Specifies the system location. Table 3-2. Main Menu (Continued) Description Enables multicast filtering;...
Page 58 System Up Time – Length of time the management agent has been These additional parameters are displayed for the CLI. • MAC Address – The physical layer address for this switch. • Web server – Shows if management access via HTTP is enabled.
Page 59: Figure 3-3. System Information
CLI – Specify the hostname, location and contact information. Console(config)#hostname R&D 5 Console(config)#snmp-server location WC 9 Console(config)#snmp-server contact Geoff Console(config)#exit Console#show system System Description: SMC8728L2 L2 GE Switch System OID String: 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.58 System Information System Up Time: seconds System Name:...
Page 60: Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions Use the Switch Information page to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the main board and management software, as well as the power status of the system. Field Attributes Main Board • Serial Number – The serial number of the switch.
Page 61: Figure 3-4. Switch Information
Web – Click System, Switch Information. Figure 3-4. Switch Information CLI – Use the following command to display version information. Console#show version Serial Number: Service Tag: Hardware Version: EPLD Version: Module A Type: Module B Type: Number of Ports: Main Power Status:...
Page 62: Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities
GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol). • Traffic Classes – This switch provides mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic classes. (Refer to “Displaying Private VLAN Interface Information” on page 3-182.) •...
Page 63: Setting The Switch's Ip Address
Setting the Switch’s IP Address This section describes how to configure an IP interface for management access over the network. The IP address for this switch is unassigned by default. To manually configure an address, you need to change the switch’s default settings (IP address 0.0.0.0 and netmask 255.0.0.0) to values that...
Page 64 • Management VLAN – ID of the configured VLAN (1-4093, no leading zeroes). By default, all ports on the switch are members of VLAN 1. However, the management station can be attached to a port belonging to any VLAN, as long as that VLAN has been assigned an IP address.
Page 65: Figure 3-6. Manual Ip Configuration
Manual Configuration Web – Click System, IP Configuration. Select the VLAN through which the management station is attached, set the IP Address Mode to “Static,” enter the IP address, subnet mask and gateway, then click Apply. Figure 3-6. Manual IP Configuration CLI –...
Page 66: Figure 3-7. Dhcp Ip Configuration
IP Address Mode to DHCP or BOOTP. Click Apply to save your changes. Then click Restart DHCP to immediately request a new address. Note that the switch will also broadcast a request for IP configuration settings on each power reset.
Page 67: Enabling Jumbo Frames
Console# Renewing DCHP – DHCP may lease addresses to clients indefinitely or for a specific period of time. If the address expires or the switch is moved to another network segment, you will lose management access to the switch. In this case, you can reboot the switch or submit a client request to restart DHCP service via the CLI.
Page 68: Managing Firmware
You can upload/download firmware to or from a TFTP server. By saving runtime code to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be downloaded to the switch to restore operation. You can also set the switch to use new firmware without overwriting the previous version.
Page 69: Figure 3-9. Copy Firmware
“opcode,” enter the file name of the software to download, select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply. If you replaced the current firmware used for startup and want to start using the new operation code, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu.
Page 70: Figure 3-10. Setting The Startup Code
CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, select “config” or “opcode” file type, then enter the source and destination file names, set the new file to start up the system, and then restart the switch. Console#copy tftp file TFTP server ip address: 10.1.0.19...
Page 71: Saving Or Restoring Configuration Settings
File Transfer Method – The firmware copy operation includes these options. - file to file – Copies a file within the switch directory, assigning it a new name. - file to running-config – Copies a file in the switch to the running configuration.
Page 72: Figure 3-12. Downloading Configuration Settings For Startup
“tftp to file” and enter the IP address of the TFTP server. Specify the name of the file to download and select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply. Figure 3-12. Downloading Configuration Settings for Startup If you download to a new file name using “tftp to startup-config”...
Page 73: Console Port Settings
Figure 3-13. Setting the Startup Configuration Settings CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, specify the source file on the server, set the startup file name on the switch, and then restart the switch. Console#copy tftp startup-config TFTP server ip address: 192.168.1.19...
Page 74 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Command Attributes • Login Timeout – Sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI. If a login attempt is not detected within the timeout interval, the connection is terminated for the session. (Range: 0-300 seconds;...
Page 75: Figure 3-14. Console Port Setting
Available in CLI only: • Password – Specifies a password for the line connection. When a connection is started on a line with password protection, the system prompts for the password. If you enter the correct password, the system shows a prompt. (Default: No password) •...
Page 76: Telnet Settings
These parameters can be configured via the web or CLI interface. Command Attributes • Telnet Status – Enables or disables Telnet access to the switch. (Default: Enabled) • Telnet Port Number – Sets the TCP port number for Telnet on the switch.
Page 77: Figure 3-15. Enabling Telnet
• Login Timeout – Sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI. If a login attempt is not detected within the timeout interval, the connection is terminated for the session. (Range: 0-300 seconds; Default: 300 seconds) •...
Page 78: Configuring Event Logging
Configuring Event Logging The switch allows you to control the logging of error messages, including the type of events that are recorded in switch memory, logging to a remote System Log (syslog) server, and displays a list of recent event messages.
Page 79: System Log Configuration
RAM or flash memory. Severe error messages that are logged to flash memory are permanently stored in the switch to assist in troubleshooting network problems. Up to 4096 log entries can be stored in the flash memory, with the oldest entries being overwritten first when the available log memory (256 kilobytes) has been exceeded.
Page 80: Table 3-3. Logging Levels
WITCH • Flash Level – Limits log messages saved to the switch’s permanent flash memory for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 3 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 3 will be logged to flash.
Page 81: Remote Log Configuration
The attribute specifies the facility type tag sent in syslog messages. (See RFC 3164.) This type has no effect on the kind of messages reported by the switch. However, it may be used by Figure 3-17. System Logs...
Page 82: Figure 3-18. Remote Logs
ONFIGURING THE WITCH the syslog server to process messages, such as sorting or storing messages in the corresponding database. (Range: 16-23, Default: 23) • Logging Trap – Limits log messages that are sent to the remote syslog server for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 3 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 3 will be sent to the remote server.
Page 83: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
CLI – Enter the syslog server host IP address, choose the facility type and set the logging trap. Console(config)#logging host 192.168.1.15 Console(config)#logging facility 23 Console(config)#logging trap 4 Console(config)#end Console#show logging trap Syslog logging: REMOTELOG status: REMOTELOG facility type: REMOTELOG level type: REMOTELOG server ip address: 192.168.1.15 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0...
Page 84: Figure 3-19. Enabling And Configuring Smtp
ONFIGURING THE WITCH - Critical – Sends notification that a critical condition has occurred, such as memory allocation, or free memory error - resource exhausted. (Level 2) - Alert – Sends urgent notification that immediate action must be taken. (Level 1) - Emergency –...
Page 85: Resetting The System
Console(config)#logging sendmail Console# Resetting the System Web – Click System, Reset. Click the Reset button to reboot the switch. When prompted, confirm that you want reset the switch. CLI – Use the reload command to restart the switch. When prompted, confirm that you want to reset the switch.
Page 86: Setting The System Clock
You can also manually set the clock using the CLI. (See “calendar set” on page 4-73.) If the clock is not set, the switch will only record the time from the factory default set at the last bootup.
Page 87: Setting The Time Zone
Web – Select SNTP, Configuration. Modify any of the required parameters, and click Apply. Figure 3-21. SNTP Configuration CLI – This example configures the switch to operate as an SNTP unicast client and then displays the current time and settings. Console(config)#sntp client Console(config)#sntp poll 604-71 Console(config)#sntp server 10.1.0.19 137.82.140.80 128.250.36.2...
Page 88: Simple Network Management Protocol
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Hours (0-13) – The number of hours before/after UTC. • Minutes (0-59) – The number of minutes before/after UTC. • Direction – Configures the time zone to be before (east) or after (west) UTC. Web – Select SNTP, Clock Time Zone. Set the offset for your time zone relative to the UTC, and click Apply.
Page 89 A network management station can access this information using software such as SMC EliteView. Access to the onboard agent from clients using SNMP v1 and v2c is controlled by community strings. To communicate with the switch, the management station must first submit a valid community string for authentication.
Page 90: Table 3-4 Snmpv3 Security Models And Levels
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Table 3-4 SNMPv3 Security Models and Levels Model Level noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv noAuth NoPriv Auth NoPriv Auth Priv Note: The predefined default groups and view can be deleted from the system.
Page 91: Enabling The Snmp Agent
IP Trap Managers should be listed in this table. For security reasons, you should consider removing the default strings. Command Attributes • SNMP Community Capability – The switch supports up to five community strings. • Current – Displays a list of the community strings currently configured.
Page 92: Figure 3-24 Configuring Snmp Community Strings
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Access Mode – Specifies the access rights for the community string: - Read-Only – Authorized management stations are only able to retrieve MIB objects. - Read/Write – Authorized management stations are able to both retrieve and modify MIB objects. Web –...
Page 93: Specifying Trap Managers And Trap Types
You must specify trap managers so that key events are reported by this switch to your management station (using network management platforms such as SMC EliteView). You can specify up to five management stations that will receive authentication failure messages and other notification messages from the switch.
Page 94 5. Specify a remote engine ID where the user resides (page 3-51). 6. Then configure a remote user (page 3-55). Command Attributes • Trap Manager Capability – This switch supports up to five trap managers. • Current – Displays a list of the trap managers currently configured.
Page 95: Figure 3-25 Configuring Snmp Trap Managers
- Retry times – The maximum number of times to resend an inform message if the recipient does not acknowledge receipt. (Range: 0-255; Default: 3) • Enable Authentication Traps specified IP trap managers whenever authentication of an SNMP request fails. (Default: Enabled) •...
Page 96: Configuring Snmpv3 Management Access
The engine ID is also used in combination with user passwords to generate the security keys for authenticating and encrypting SNMPv3 packets. A local engine ID is automatically generated that is unique to the switch. This is referred to as the default engine ID. If the local engine ID is deleted or changed, all SNMP users will be cleared.
Page 97: Specifying A Remote Engine Id
Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Engine ID. Enter an ID of up to 26 hexadecimal characters and then click Save. CLI – This example sets an SNMPv3 engine ID. Console(config)#snmp-server engine-id local 12345abcdef Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp engine-id Local SNMP engineID: 12345abcdef000000000000000 Local SNMP engineBoots: 1 Console# Specifying a Remote Engine ID...
Page 98: Configuring Snmpv3 Users
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Remote Engine ID. Enter an ID of up to 26 hexadecimal characters and then click Save. CLI – This example specifies a remote SNMPv3 engine ID. Console(config)#snmp-server engineID remote 54321 192.168.1.19 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp engine-id Local SNMP engineID: 8000002a8000000000e8666672 Local SNMP engineBoots: 1...
Page 99 - AuthPriv – SNMP communications use both authentication and encryption (only available for the SNMPv3 security model). • Authentication Protocol – The method used for user authentication. (Options: MD5, SHA; Default: MD5) • Authentication Password – A minimum of eight plain text characters is required.
Page 100: Figure 3-28 Configuring Snmpv3 Users
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Users. Click New to configure a user name. In the New User page, define a name and assign it to a group, then click Add to save the configuration and return to the User Name list. To delete a user, check the box next to the user name, then click Delete.
Page 101: Configuring Remote Snmpv3 Users
CLI – Use the snmp-server user command to configure a new user name and assign it to a group. Console(config)#snmp-server user chris group r&d v3 auth md5 greenpeace priv des56 einstien Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp user EngineId: 80000034030001f488f5200000 User Name: chris Authentication Protocol: md5 Privacy Protocol: des56 Storage Type: nonvolatile...
Page 102 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Command Attributes • User Name – The name of user connecting to the SNMP agent. (Range: 1-32 characters) • Group Name – The name of the SNMP group to which the user is assigned. (Range: 1-32 characters) •...
Page 103: Figure 3-29 Configuring Remote Snmpv3 Users
IMPLE ETWORK ANAGEMENT ROTOCOL Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Remote Users. Click New to configure a user name. In the New User page, define a name and assign it to a group, then click Add to save the configuration and return to the User Name list. To delete a user, check the box next to the user name, then click Delete.
Page 104: Configuring Snmpv3 Groups
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – Use the snmp-server user command to configure a new user name and assign it to a group. Console(config)#snmp-server user mark group r&d remote 192.168.1.19 v3 auth md5 greenpeace priv des56 einstien Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp user No user exist.
Page 105: Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages
• Notify View – The configured view for notifications. (Range: 1-64 characters) Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages Object Label Object ID RFC 1493 Traps newRoot 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.1 topologyChange 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.2 SNMPv2 Traps coldStart 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.1 IMPLE ETWORK ANAGEMENT Description The newRoot trap indicates that the sending agent has become the new root of the Spanning Tree;...
Page 106 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages (Continued) Object Label warmStart linkDown linkUp 3-60 Object ID 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.2 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4 Description A warmStart trap signifies that the SNMPv2 entity, acting in an agent role, is reinitializing itself such that its configuration is unaltered.
Page 107 Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages (Continued) Object Label Object ID 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.5 authenticationFailure RMON Events (V2) risingAlarm 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.0.1 fallingAlarm 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.0.2 Private Traps swPowerStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.58.2.1.0.1 ChangeTrap swIpFilterRejectTrap 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.58.2.1.0.40 This trap is sent when an a. These are legacy notifications and therefore must be enabled in conjunction with the corresponding traps on the SNMP Configuration menu (page 3-49).
Page 108: Figure 3-30 Configuring Snmpv3 Groups
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Groups. Click New to configure a new group. In the New Group page, define a name, assign a security model and level, and then select read and write views. Click Add to save the new group and return to the Groups list.
Page 109: Setting Snmpv3 Views
CLI – Use the snmp-server group command to configure a new group, specifying the security model and level, and restricting MIB access to defined read and write views. Console(config)#snmp-server group secure-users v3 priv read defaultview write defaultview notify defaultview Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp group Group Name: secure-users Security Model: v3...
Page 110: Figure 3-31 Configuring Snmpv3 Views
In the New View page, define a name and specify OID subtrees in the switch MIB to be included or excluded in the view. Click Back to save the new view and return to the SNMPv3 Views list. For a specific view, click on View OID Subtrees to display the current configuration, or click on Edit OID Subtrees to make changes to the view settings.
Page 111: User Authentication
Subtree OID: 1 View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active Console# User Authentication You can restrict management access to this switch using the following options: • User Accounts – Manually configure access rights on the switch for specified users. •...
Page 112: Configuring User Accounts
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Configuring User Accounts The guest only has read access for most configuration parameters. However, the administrator has write access for all parameters governing the onboard agent. You should therefore assign a new administrator password as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place. The default guest name is “guest”...
Page 113: Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication
Use the Authentication Settings menu to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords. You can manually configure access rights on the switch, or you can use a remote access authentication server based on RADIUS or TACACS+ protocols.
Page 114 Command Usage • By default, management access is always checked against the authentication database stored on the local switch. If a remote authentication server is used, you must specify the authentication sequence and the corresponding parameters for the remote authentication protocol. Local and remote logon authentication control management access via the console port, web browser, or Telnet.
Page 115 Authentication – Select the authentication, or authentication sequence required: - Local – User authentication is performed only locally by the switch. - Radius – User authentication is performed using a RADIUS server only. - TACACS – User authentication is performed using a TACACS+ server only.
Page 116 (Range: 1-30; Default: 2) - Timeout for a reply – The number of seconds the switch waits for a reply from the RADIUS server before it resends the request. (Range: 1-65535; Default: 5) •...
Page 117: Figure 3-33. Authentication Settings
Web – Click Security, Authentication Settings. To configure local or remote authentication preferences, specify the authentication sequence (i.e., one to three methods), fill in the parameters for RADIUS or TACACS+ authentication if selected, and click Apply. Figure 3-33. Authentication Settings CLI –...
Page 118: Configuring Https
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Configuring HTTPS You can configure the switch to enable the Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) over the Secure Socket Layer (SSL), providing secure access (i.e., an encrypted connection) to the switch’s web interface. Command Usage • Both the HTTP and HTTPS service can be enabled independently on the switch.
Page 119: Figure 3-34. Https Settings
This is because the certificate has not been signed by an approved certification authority. If you want this warning to be replaced by a message confirming that the connection to the switch is secure, you must obtain a unique certificate and a private key and password from a recognized certification authority.
Page 120: Configuring The Secure Shell
Source certificate file name: <certificate file name> Source private file name: <private key file name> Private password: <password for private key> Note: The switch must be reset for the new certificate to be activated. To reset the switch, type: Configuring the Secure Shell The Berkley-standard includes remote access tools originally designed for Unix systems.
Page 121 51941746772984865468615717739390164779355942303577413098022737087794545240839 71752646358058176716709574804776117 3. Import Client’s Public Key to the Switch – Use the copy tftp public-key command (page 4-83) to copy a file containing the public key for all the SSH client’s granted management access to the switch. (Note that these...
Page 122 The switch compares the client's public key to those stored in memory. c. If a match is found, the switch uses the public key to encrypt a random sequence of bytes, and sends this string to the client. d. The client uses its private key to decrypt the bytes, and sends the decrypted bytes back to the switch.
Page 123: Configuring The Ssh Settings
SSH Server-Key Size – Specifies the SSH server key size. (Range: 512-896 bits; Default:768) - The server key is a private key that is never shared outside the switch. - The host key is shared with the SSH client, and is fixed at 1024 bits.
Page 124: Figure 3-35. Ssh Server Settings
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Security, SSH, Settings. Enable SSH and adjust the authentication parameters as required, then click Apply. Note that you must first generate the host key pair on the SSH Host-Key Settings page before you can enable the SSH server. CLI –...
Page 125: Generating The Host Key Pair
Generating the Host Key Pair A host public/private key pair is used to provide secure communications between an SSH client and the switch. After generating this key pair, you must provide the host public key to SSH clients and import the client’s public key to the switch as described in the proceeding section (Command Usage).
Page 126: Figure 3-36. Ssh Host-Key Settings
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Clear – This button clears the host key from both volatile memory (RAM) and non-volatile memory (Flash). Web – Click Security, SSH, Host-Key Settings. Select the host-key type from the drop-down box, select the option to save the host key from memory to flash (if required) prior to generating the key, and then click Generate.
Page 127: Configuring Port Security
DMdAfjnte8MZZs= Console# Configuring Port Security Port security is a feature that allows you to configure a switch port with one or more device MAC addresses that are authorized to access the network through that port. When port security is enabled on a port, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port.
Page 128 ONFIGURING THE WITCH learning. Be sure you enable the learning function long enough to ensure that all valid VLAN members have been registered on the selected port. Note that you can also restrict the maximum number of addresses that can be learned by a port.
Page 129: Configuring 802.1X Port Authentication
Apply. CLI – This example sets the command mode to Port 5, sets the port security action to send a trap and disable the port, and then enables port security for the switch. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5 Console(config-if)#port security action trap-and-shutdown...
Page 130 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Access to all switch ports in a network can be centrally controlled from a server, which means that authorized users can use the same credentials for authentication from any point within the network. This switch uses the Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs...
Page 131: Figure 3-38. 802.1X Global Information
RADIUS authentication must be enabled on the switch and the IP address of the RADIUS server specified. • Each switch port that will be used must be set to dot1x “Auto” mode. • Each client that needs to be authenticated must have dot1x client software installed and properly configured.
Page 132: Figure 3-39. 802.1X Global Configuration
802.1X is disabled on port 1/52 Console# Configuring 802.1x Global Settings The 802.1x protocol provides port authentication. The 802.1X protocol must be enabled globally for the switch system before port settings are active. Command Attributes • 802.1x System Authentication Control – Sets the global setting for 802.1X.
Page 133 • Re-authen – Sets the client to be re-authenticated after the interval specified by the Re-authentication Period. Re-authentication can be used to detect if a new device is plugged into a switch port. (Default: Disabled) UTHENTICATION 3-87...
Page 134: Figure 3-40. 802.1X Port Configuration
EAP request packet to the client before it times out the authentication session. (Range: 1-10; Default 2) • Quiet Period – Sets the time that a switch port waits after the Max Request Count has been exceeded before attempting to acquire a new client. (Range: 1-65535 seconds; Default: 60 seconds) •...
Page 135 Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x port-control auto Console(config-if)#dot1x re-authentication Console(config-if)#dot1x max-req 5 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout quiet-period 30 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout re-authperiod 1800 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout tx-period 40 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#exit Console#show dot1x Global 802.1X Parameters system-auth-control: enable 802.1X Port Summary Port Name Status disabled enabled 1/52 disabled 802.1X Port Details...
Page 136: Table 3-7. 802.1X Statistics
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Displaying 802.1x Statistics This switch can display statistics for dot1x protocol exchanges for any port. Statistical Values Parameter Rx EXPOL Start Rx EAPOL Logoff Rx EAPOL Invalid Rx EAPOL Total Rx EAP Resp/Id Rx EAP Resp/Oth Rx EAP LenError...
Page 137: Figure 3-41. Displaying 802.1X Port Statistics
Table 3-7. 802.1x Statistics (Continued) Parameter Tx EAP Req/Id Tx EAP Req/Oth Web – Select Security, 802.1X, Statistics. Select the required port and then click Query. Click Refresh to update the statistics. Figure 3-41. Displaying 802.1x Port Statistics Descripton The number of EAP Req/Id frames that have been transmitted by this Authenticator.
Page 138: Access Control Lists
An ACL is a sequential list of permit or deny conditions that apply to IP addresses, MAC addresses, or other more specific criteria. This switch tests ingress or egress packets against the conditions in an ACL one by one. A packet will be accepted as soon as it matches a permit rule, or dropped as soon as it matches a deny rule.
Page 139: Setting The Acl Name And Type
Each ACL can have up to 60 rules. • This switch supports ACLs for ingress filtering only. However, you can only bind one IP ACL to any port for ingress filtering. In other words, only one ACL can be bound to an interface - Ingress IP ACL.
Page 140: Configuring A Standard Ip Acl
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Security, ACL, Configuration. Enter an ACL name in the Name field, select the list type (IP Standard, or IP Extended), and click Add to open the configuration page for the new list. Figure 3-42. Naming and Choosing ACLs CLI –...
Page 141: Configuring An Extended Ip Acl
Web – Specify the action (i.e., Permit or Deny). Select the address type (Any, Host, or IP). If you select “Host,” enter a specific address. If you select “IP,” enter a subnet address and the mask for an address range. Then click Add.
Page 142: Figure 3-44. Configuring Extended Ip Acls
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Src/Dst Address – Source or destination IP address. • Src/Dst SubMask – Subnet mask for source or destination address. (See the description for SubMask on page 3-94.) • Protocol – Specifies the protocol type to match as TCP, UDP or Others, where others indicates a specific protocol number (0-255).
Page 143: Binding A Port To An Access Control List
Each ACL can have up to 60 rules. • This switch supports ACLs for ingress filtering only. However, you can only bind one IP ACL to any port for ingress filtering. In other words, only one ACL can be bound to an interface - Ingress IP ACL.
Page 144: Filtering Management Access
Console(config-if)# Filtering Management Access You can specify the client IP addresses that are allowed management access to the switch through the web interface, SNMP, or Telnet. Command Usage • The management interfaces are open to all IP addresses by default.
Page 145 • If anyone tries to access a management interface on the switch from an invalid address, the switch will reject the connection, enter an event message in the system log, and send a trap message to the trap manager. •...
Page 146: Port Configuration
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Security, IP Filter. Enter the addresses that are allowed management access to an interface, and click Add IP Filtering Entry. Figure 3-46. Filtering Management Access CLI – This example restricts management access for Telnet clients. Console(config)#management telnet-client 192.168.1.19 Console(config)#management telnet-client 192.168.1.25 192.168.1.30 Console#...
Page 147: Figure 3-47. Port Status Information
(1000BASE-T, 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX or 100BASE-FX) • MAC address – The physical layer address for this port. (To access this item on the web, see “Setting the Switch’s IP Address” on page 3-17.) – Shows if port is a trunk member.
Page 148 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Configuration: • Name – Interface label. • Port admin – Shows if the interface is enabled or disabled (i.e., up or down). • Speed-duplex – Shows the current speed and duplex mode. (Auto, or fixed choice) • Capabilities –...
Page 149: Current Status
Current status: • Link Status – Indicates if the link is up or down. • Port Operation Status – Provides detailed information on port state. (Displayed only when the link is up.) • Operation speed-duplex – Shows the current speed and duplex mode.
Page 150: Configuring Interface Connections
- Sym (Gigabit only) - Check this item to transmit and receive pause frames, or clear it to auto-negotiate the sender and receiver for asymmetric pause frames. (The current switch chip only supports symmetric pause frames.) - FC - Supports flow control...
Page 151: Figure 3-48. Configuring Port Attributes
- Flow control can eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. When enabled, back pressure is used for half-duplex operation and IEEE 802.3x for full-duplex operation. (Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually required to solve a problem.
Page 152: Creating Trunk Groups
EtherChannel standard. On the other hand, LACP configured ports can automatically negotiate a trunked link with LACP-configured ports on another device. You can configure any number of ports on the switch as LACP, as long as they are not already configured as part of a static trunk. If ports on another device are also configured as LACP, the switch and the other device will negotiate a trunk link between them.
Page 153: Statically Configuring A Trunk
Finish configuring port trunks before you connect the corresponding network cables between switches to avoid creating a loop. • You can create up to six trunks on the switch, with up to eight ports per trunk. • The ports at both ends of a connection must be configured as trunk ports.
Page 154: Figure 3-49. Static Trunk Configuration
Web – Click Port, Trunk Membership. Enter a trunk ID of 1-6 in the Trunk field, select any of the switch ports from the scroll-down port list, and click Add. After you have completed adding ports to the member list, click Apply.
Page 155: Enabling Lacp On Selected Ports
CLI – This example creates trunk 2 with ports 1 and 2. Just connect these ports to two static trunk ports on another switch to form a trunk. Console(config)#interface port-channel 2 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#channel-group 1 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2...
Page 156: Figure 3-50. Lacp Port Configuratio
ID. • If more than eight ports attached to the same target switch have LACP enabled, the additional ports will be placed in standby mode, and will only be enabled if one of the active links fails.
Page 157: Configuring Lacp Parameters
CLI – The following example enables LACP for ports 1 to 6. Just connect these ports to LACP-enabled trunk ports on another switch to form a trunk. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#lacp Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/6 Console(config-if)#lacp Console(config-if)#end Console#show interfaces status port-channel 1...
Page 158 - Ports must be configured with the same system priority to join the same LAG. - System priority is combined with the switch’s MAC address to form the LAG identifier. This identifier is used to indicate a specific LAG during LACP negotiations with other systems.
Page 159: Figure 3-51. Lacp Aggregation Port Configuration
ONFIGURATION Web – Click Port, LACP, Aggregation Port. Set the System Priority, Admin Key, and Port Priority for the Port Actor. You can optionally configure these settings for the Port Partner. (Be aware that these settings only affect the administrative state of the partner, and will not take effect until the next time an aggregate link is formed with this device.) After you have completed setting the port LACP parameters, click Apply.
Page 160: Displaying Lacp Port Counters
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example configures LACP parameters for ports 1-6. Ports 1-4 are used as active members of the LAG; ports 5 and 6 are set to backup mode. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#lacp actor system-priority 3 Console(config-if)#lacp actor admin-key 120 Console(config-if)#lacp actor port-priority 128 Console(config-if)#exit...
Page 161: Figure 3-52. Displaying Lacp Port Counters Information
Table 3-8. LACP Port Counter Information (Continued) Field Description Marker Received Number of valid Marker PDUs received by this channel group. LACPDUs Unknown Number of frames received that either (1) Carry the Slow Pkts Protocols Ethernet Type value, but contain an unknown PDU, or (2) are addressed to the Slow Protocols group MAC Address, but do not carry the Slow Protocols Ethernet Type.
Page 162: Table 3-9. Lacp Settings
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example displays LACP counters for port channel 1. Console#show 1 lacp counters Channel group : 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth 1/ 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- LACPDUs Sent : 21 LACPDUs Received : 21 Marker Sent : 0 Marker Received : 0 LACPDUs Unknown Pkts : 0 LACPDUs Illegal Pkts : 0...
Page 163 Field Description Admin State, Administrative or operational values of the actor’s state Oper State parameters: • Expired – The actor’s receive machine is in the expired state; • Defaulted – The actor’s receive machine is using defaulted operational partner information, administratively configured for the partner.
Page 164: Figure 3-53. Displaying Lacp Port Information
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, LACP, Port Internal Information. Select a port channel to display the corresponding information. Figure 3-53. Displaying LACP Port Information CLI – The following example displays the LACP configuration settings and operational state for the local side of port channel 1. Console#show 1 lacp internal Channel group : 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------...
Page 165: Table 3-10. Lacp Remote Side Settings
Displaying LACP Settings and Status for the Remote Side You can display configuration settings and the operational state for the remote side of an link aggregation. Neighbor Configuration Information Table 3-10. LACP Remote Side Settings Field Partner Admin System Partner Oper System Partner Admin Port Number Partner Oper...
Page 166: Figure 3-54. Displaying Remote Lacp Port Information
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, LACP, Port Neighbors Information. Select a port channel to display the corresponding information. Figure 3-54. Displaying Remote LACP Port Information CLI – The following example displays the LACP configuration settings and operational state for the remote side of port channel 1. Console#show 1 lacp neighbors Channel group 1 neighbors -------------------------------------------------------------------...
Page 167: Setting Broadcast Storm Thresholds
Broadcast Storm Control is enabled by default. • Broadcast control does not effect IP multicast traffic. • The specified threshold applies to all ports on the switch. Command Attributes • Threshold – Threshold as percentage of port bandwidth. (Options: 240-1488100 packets per second; Default: 500 packets per second) •...
Page 168: Figure 3-55. Enabling Port Broadcast Control
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, Port Broadcast Control or Trunk Broadcast Control. Set the threshold any port, click Apply. Figure 3-55. Enabling Port Broadcast Control CLI – Specify any interface, and then enter the threshold. The following disables broadcast storm control for port 1, and then sets broadcast suppression at 500 packets per second for port 2.
Page 169: Configuring Port Mirroring
Configuring Port Mirroring You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner.
Page 170: Configuring Rate Limits
This function allows the network manager to control the maximum rate for traffic received on an interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a network to limit traffic coming into the switch. Packets that exceed the acceptable amount of traffic are dropped.
Page 171: Figure 3-57. Configuring Input Port Rate Limiting
Command Usage • Input rate limit can be enabled or disabled for individual interfaces. Command Attribute • Port/Trunk – Display the port number. • Rate Limit Status– Enables or disables the rate limit (Default: Enabled) • Rate Limit Level - Sets the rate limit level. Web - Click Port, Rate Limit, Input Port Configuration.
Page 172: Showing Port Statistics
RMON MIB. Interfaces and Ethernet-like statistics display errors on the traffic passing through each port. This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port.
Page 173 Parameter Received Discarded Packets Received Unknown Packets Received Errors Transmit Octets Transmit Unicast Packets Transmit Multicast Packets The total number of packets that higher-level Transmit Broadcast Packets Transmit Discarded Packets Transmit Errors Etherlike Statistics Table 3-11. Port Statistics Description The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher-layer protocol.
Page 174 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Parameter Alignment Errors Late Collisions FCS Errors Excessive Collisions Single Collision Frames Internal MAC Transmit Errors Multiple Collision Frames A count of successfully transmitted frames for which Carrier Sense Errors SQE Test Errors Frames Too Long Deferred Transmissions 3-128 Table 3-11.
Page 175 Parameter Internal MAC Receive Errors RMON Statistics Drop Events Jabbers Received Bytes Collisions Received Frames Broadcast Frames Multicast Frames CRC/Alignment Errors Undersize Frames Oversize Frames Table 3-11. Port Statistics Description A count of frames for which reception on a particular interface fails due to an internal MAC sublayer receive error.
Page 176: Figure 3-58. Displaying Port Statistics
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Parameter Fragments 64 Bytes Frames 65-127 Byte Frames 128-255 Byte Frames 256-511 Byte Frames 512-1023 Byte Frames 1024-1518 Byte Frames 1519-1536 Byte Frames Web – Click Port, Port Statistics. Select the required interface, and click Query. You can also use the Refresh button at the bottom of the page to update the screen.
Page 177: Figure 3-59. Displaying Etherlike And Rmon Statistics
ONFIGURATION Figure 3-59. Displaying Etherlike and RMON Statistics 3-131...
Page 178: Address Table Settings
Setting Static Addresses A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table.
Page 179: Figure 3-60. Mapping Ports To Static Addresses
MAC address and VLAN, then click Add Static Address. Figure 3-60. Mapping Ports to Static Addresses CLI – This example adds an address to the static address table, but sets it to be deleted when the switch is reset. Console(config)#mac-address-table static 00-e0-29-94-34-de interface ethernet 1/1 vlan 1 delete-on-reset...
Page 180: Displaying The Address Table
Displaying the Address Table The Dynamic Address Table contains the MAC addresses learned by monitoring the source address for traffic entering the switch. When the destination address for inbound traffic is found in the database, the packets intended for that address are forwarded directly to the associated port.
Page 181: Changing The Aging Time
Web – Click Address Table, Dynamic Addresses. Specify the search type (i.e., mark the Interface, MAC Address, or VLAN checkbox), select the method of sorting the displayed addresses, and then click Query. Figure 3-61. Displaying the MAC Dynamic Address Table CLI –...
Page 182: Spanning Tree Algorithm Configuration
The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure...
Page 183 ONFIGURATION STA uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device (STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) that serves as the root of the spanning tree network. It selects a root port on each bridging device (except for the root device) which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root device.
Page 184: Displaying Global Settings
STA Information screen. Field Attributes • Spanning Tree State – Shows if the switch is enabled to participate in an STA-compliant network. • Bridge ID – A unique identifier for this bridge, consisting of the bridge priority and MAC address (where the address is taken from the switch system).
Page 185 Designated Root – The priority and MAC address of the device in the Spanning Tree that this switch has accepted as the root device. - Root Port – The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch communicates with the root device through this port.
Page 186: Figure 3-63. Displaying The Spanning Tree Algorithm
ONFIGURING THE WITCH to reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should receive configuration messages at regular intervals. If the root port ages out STA information (provided in the last configuration message), a new root port is selected from among the device ports attached to the network.
Page 187: Configuring Global Settings
Path Cost Method: Note: The current root port and current root cost display as zero when this device is not connected to the network. Configuring Global Settings Global settings apply to the entire switch. Command Usage • Spanning Tree Protocol Uses RSTP for the internal state machine, but sends only 802.1D...
Page 188 RSTP node transmits, as described below: - STP Mode – If the switch receives an 802.1D BPDU (i.e., STP BPDU) after a port’s migration delay timer expires, the switch assumes it is connected to an 802.1D bridge and starts using only 802.1D BPDUs.
Page 189 device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device. (Note that lower numeric values indicate higher priority.) - Default: 32768 - Range: 0-61440, in steps of 4096 - Options: 0, 4096, 8192, 12288, 16384, 20480, 24576, 28672, 32768, 36864, 40960, 45056, 49152, 53248, 57344, 61440 Root Device Configuration •...
Page 190 (Range: 1-10; Default: 3) Configuration Settings for MSTP • Max Instance Numbers – The maximum number of MSTP instances to which this switch can be assigned. (Default: 65) • Region Revision* – The revision for this MSTI. (Range: 0-65535; Default: 0) * The MST name and revision number are both required to uniquely identify an MST region.
Page 191: Figure 3-64. Configuring The Spanning Tree Algorithm
Figure 3-64. Configuring the Spanning Tree Algorithm CLI – This example enables Spanning Tree Protocol, sets the mode to MST, and then configures the STA and MSTP parameters. Console(config)#spanning-tree Console(config)#spanning-tree mode Console(config)#spanning-tree priority 40000 Console(config)#spanning-tree hello-time 5 Console(config)#spanning-tree max-age 38 Console(config)#spanning-tree forward-time 20 Console(config)#spanning-tree pathcost method long Console(config)#spanning-tree transmission-limit 4...
Page 192: Displaying Interface Settings
- A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging device is always forwarding. - If two ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is no other STA device attached to this segment, the port with the smaller ID forwards packets and the other is discarding.
Page 193 • Designated Port – The port priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree. • Oper Link Type – The operational point-to-point status of the LAN segment attached to this interface.
Page 194 Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch is the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree.
Page 195: Figure 3-65. Displaying Sta - Port Status Information
- Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge. - Shared – A connection to two or more bridges. - Auto – The switch automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media.
Page 196: Configuring Interface Settings
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – This example shows the STA attributes for port 5. Console#show spanning-tree ethernet 1/5 1/ 5 information -------------------------------------------------------------- Admin status Role State External path cost Internal path cost Priority Designated cost Designated port Designated root Designated bridge Fast forwarding Forward transitions Admin edge port...
Page 197 Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree.
Page 198 - Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge. - Shared – A connection to two or more bridges. - Auto – The switch automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media. (This is the default setting.)
Page 199: Configuring Multiple Spanning Trees
• Migration – If at any time the switch detects STP BPDUs, including Configuration or Topology Change Notification BPDUs, it will automatically set the selected interface to forced STP-compatible mode. However, you can also use the Protocol Migration button to manually re-check the appropriate BPDU format (RSTP or STP-compatible) to send on the selected interfaces.
Page 200 By default all VLANs are assigned to the Internal Spanning Tree (MST Instance 0) that connects all bridges and LANs within the MST region. This switch supports up to 65 instances. You should try to group VLANs which cover the same general area of your network. However,...
Page 201: Figure 3-67. Configuring Multiple Spanning Trees
• VLAN ID – VLAN to assign to this selected MST instance. (Range: 1-4093) The other global attributes are described under “Displaying Global Settings,” page 3-141. The attributes displayed by the CLI for individual interfaces are described under “Displaying Interface Settings,” page 3-146. Web –...
Page 202: Each Port
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – This displays STA settings for instance 1, followed by settings for each port. Console#show spanning-tree mst 2 Spanning-tree information --------------------------------------------------------------- Spanning tree mode Spanning tree enable/disable Instance Vlans configuration Priority Bridge Hello Time (sec.) Bridge Max Age (sec.) Bridge Forward Delay (sec.) Root Hello Time (sec.) Root Max Age (sec.)
Page 203: Displaying Interface Settings For Mstp
CLI – This example sets the priority for MSTI 1, and adds VLANs 1-5 to this MSTI. Console(config)#spanning-tree mst-configuration Console(config-mst)#mst 1 priority 4096 Console(config-mstp)#mst 1 vlan 1-5 Console(config-mst)# Displaying Interface Settings for MSTP The MSTP Port Information and MSTP Trunk Information pages display the current status of ports and trunks in the selected MST instance.
Page 204 ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – This displays STA settings for instance 0, followed by settings for each port. The settings for instance 0 are global settings that apply to the IST (page 3-138), the settings for other instances only apply to the local spanning tree.
Page 205: Configuring Interface Settings For Mstp
Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree.
Page 206: Figure 3-69. Mstp Port Configuration
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • MST Path Cost – This parameter is used by the MSTP to determine the best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values assigned to ports with slower media. (Path cost takes precedence over port priority.) Note that when the Path Cost Method is set to short (page 3-63), the maximum path cost is 65,535.
Page 207: Vlan Configuration
Overview In large networks, routers are used to isolate broadcast traffic for each subnet into separate domains. This switch provides a similar service at Layer 2 by using VLANs to organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the originating group, and can eliminate broadcast storms in large networks.
Page 208: Assigning Ports To Vlans
VLAN Classification – When the switch receives a frame, it classifies the frame in one of two ways. If the frame is untagged, the switch assigns the frame to an associated VLAN (based on the default VLAN ID of the receiving port).
Page 209 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN protocol, it can be configured to broadcast a message to your network indicating the VLAN groups it wants to join. When this switch receives these messages, it will automatically place the receiving port in the specified VLANs, and then forward the message to all other ports.
Page 210 When forwarding a frame from this switch along a path that contains any VLAN-aware devices, the switch should include VLAN tags. When forwarding a frame from this switch along a path that does not contain any VLAN-aware devices (including the destination host), the switch must first strip off the VLAN tag before forwarding the frame.
Page 211: Enabling Or Disabling Gvrp (Global Setting)
VLAN(s) indicated by the frame tag. However, when this switch receives an untagged frame from a VLAN-unaware device, it first decides where to forward the frame, and then inserts a VLAN tag reflecting the ingress port’s default VID. Enabling or Disabling GVRP (Global Setting)
Page 212: Displaying Current Vlans
Maximum VLAN ID – Maximum VLAN ID recognized by this switch. • Maximum Number of Supported VLANs – Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch. *Web Only Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Basic Information. Figure 3-71. Displaying Basic VLAN Information CLI –...
Page 213: Figure 3-72. Displaying Vlan Information By Port Membership
Up Time at Creation – Time this VLAN was created (i.e., System Up Time). • Status – Shows how this VLAN was added to the switch. - Dynamic GVRP: Automatically learned via GVRP. - Permanent: Added as a static entry.
Page 214: Creating Vlans
Console# Creating VLANs Use the VLAN Static List to create or remove VLAN groups. To propagate information about VLAN groups used on this switch to external network devices, you must specify a VLAN ID for each of these groups. Command Attributes •...
Page 215: Vlan C Onfiguration
• Remove – Removes a VLAN group from the current list. If any port is assigned to this group as untagged, it will be reassigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged. Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Static List. To create a new VLAN, enter the VLAN ID and VLAN name, mark the Enable checkbox to activate the VLAN, and then click Add.
Page 216: Adding Static Members To Vlans (Vlan Index)
VLAN compliant devices, or untagged they are not connected to any VLAN-aware devices. Or configure a port as forbidden to prevent the switch from automatically adding it to a VLAN via the GVRP protocol. Notes: 1. You can also use the VLAN Static Membership by Port page to configure VLAN groups based on the port index (page 3-172).
Page 217: Figure 3-74. Configuring Vlan Port Attributes
- Untagged: Interface is a member of the VLAN. All packets transmitted by the port will be untagged, that is, not carry a tag and therefore not carry VLAN or CoS information. Note that an interface can only have one untagged VLAN, which must be the same as the Port VID.
Page 218: Adding Static Members To Vlans (Port Index)
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example adds tagged and untagged ports to VLAN 2. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan add 2 tagged Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2 Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan add 2 untagged Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/13 Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan add 2 tagged Adding Static Members to VLANs (Port Index) Use the VLAN Static Membership by Port menu to assign VLAN groups to the selected interface as a tagged member.
Page 219: Configuring Vlan Behavior For Interfaces
Figure 3-75. Assigning VLAN Port and Trunk Groups CLI – This example adds Port 3 to VLAN 1 as a tagged port, and removes Port 3 from VLAN 2. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/3 Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan add 1 tagged Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan remove 2 Configuring VLAN Behavior for Interfaces You can configure VLAN behavior for specific interfaces, including the default VLAN identifier (PVID), accepted frame types, ingress filtering,...
Page 220 • GVRP Status – Enables/disables GVRP for the interface. GVRP must be globally enabled for the switch before this setting can take effect. (See “Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities” on page 3-16.) When disabled, any GVRP packets received on this port will be discarded and no GVRP registrations will be propagated from other ports.
Page 221 the applicants can rejoin before the port actually leaves the group. (Range: 60-3000 centiseconds; Default: 60) • GARP LeaveAll Timer* – The interval between sending out a LeaveAll query message for VLAN group participants and the port leaving the group. This interval should be considerably larger than the Leave Time to minimize the amount of traffic generated by nodes rejoining the group.
Page 222: Figure 3-76. Configuring Vlan Ports
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Port Configuration or Trunk Configuration. Fill in the required settings for each interface, click Apply. CLI – This example sets port 3 to accept only tagged frames, assigns PVID 3 as the native VLAN ID, enables GVRP, sets the GARP timers, and then sets the switchport mode to hybrid.
Page 223: Configuring Private Vlans
Configuring Private VLANs Private VLANs provide port-based security and isolation between ports within the assigned VLAN. This switch supports two types of private VLANs: primary/secondary associated groups, and stand-alone isolated VLANs. A primary VLAN contains promiscuous ports that can communicate with all other ports in the private VLAN group, while a...
Page 224: Displaying Current Private Vlans
VLAN). Then assign the promiscuous port and all host ports to an isolated VLAN. Displaying Current Private VLANs The Private VLAN Information page displays information on the private VLANs configured on the switch, including primary, community, and isolated VLANs, and their assigned interfaces. Command Attributes •...
Page 225: Figure 3-77. Private Vlan Information
Figure 3-77. Private VLAN Information CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and secondary VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as a host ports and are associated with VLAN 6.
Page 226: Figure 3-78. Private Vlan Configuration
Web – Click VLAN, Private VLAN, Configuration. Enter the VLAN ID number, select Primary, Isolated or Community type, then click Add. To remove a private VLAN from the switch, highlight an entry in the Current list box and then click Remove. Note that all member ports must be removed from the VLAN before it can be deleted.
Page 227: Associating Vlans
Associating VLANs Each community VLAN must be associated with a primary VLAN. Command Attributes • Primary VLAN ID - ID of primary VLAN (1-4093). • Association - Community VLANs associated with the selected primary VLAN. • Non-Association - Community VLANs not associated with the selected VLAN.
Page 228: Displaying Private Vlan Interface Information
Information menus to display the interface associated with private VLANs. Command Attributes • Port/Trunk - The switch interface. • PVLAN Port Type - Displays private VLAN port types. - Normal – The port is not configured in a private VLAN.
Page 229: Configuring Private Vlan Interfaces
Figure 3-80. Private VLAN Port Information CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and community VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as host ports and associated with VLAN 6.
Page 230: Figure 3-81. Private Vlan Port Configuration
ONFIGURING THE WITCH isolated port can only communicate with the single designated promiscuous port in the isolated VLAN; it cannot communicate with any other host ports. - Promiscuous – A promiscuous port can communicate with all the interfaces within a private VLAN. •...
Page 231: Configuring Protocol Vlans
CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and secondary VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as a host ports and associated with VLAN 6.
Page 232: Figure 3-82. Protocol Vlan Configuration
ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click VLAN, Protocol VLAN, Configuration. Figure 3-82. Protocol VLAN Configuration Configuring Protocol VLAN Interfaces Use the Protocol VLAN Port Configuration menu to set the protocol VLAN settings per port. Command Attributes • Interface - Port or Trunk indentifier. •...
Page 233: Class Of Service Configuration
Setting the Default Priority for Interfaces You can specify the default port priority for each interface on the switch. All untagged packets entering the switch are tagged with the specified default port priority, and then sorted into the appropriate priority queue at the output port.
Page 234: Mapping Cos Values To Egress Queues
Console# Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues This switch processes Class of Service (CoS) priority tagged traffic by using eight priority queues for each port, with service schedules based on strict or Weighted Round Robin (WRR). Up to eight separate traffic...
Page 235: Table 3-12. Egress Queue Priority Mapping
The priority levels recommended in the IEEE 802.1p standard for various network applications are shown in the following table. However, you can map the priority levels to the switch’s output queues in any way that benefits application traffic for your own network.
Page 236: Figure 3-85. Configuring Ports And Trunks For Class Of Service
Traffic Class : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Priority Queue: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note: Mapping specific values for CoS priorities is implemented as an interface configuration command, but any changes will apply to the all interfaces on the switch. 3-190 4-144 4-234...
Page 237: Selecting The Queue Mode
Selecting the Queue Mode You can set the switch to service the queues based on a strict rule that requires all traffic in a higher priority queue to be processed before lower priority queues are serviced, or use Weighted Round-Robin (WRR) queuing that specifies a relative weight of each queue.
Page 238: Setting The Service Weight For Traffic Classes
WITCH Setting the Service Weight for Traffic Classes This switch uses the Weighted Round Robin (WRR) algorithm to determine the frequency at which it services each priority queue. As described in “Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues” on page 3-188, the traffic classes are mapped to one of the four egress queues provided for each port.
Page 239: Mapping Layer 3/4 Priorities To Cos Values
Weight Mapping Layer 3/4 Priorities to CoS Values This switch supports one method of prioritizing layer 3/4 traffic to meet application requirements. Traffic priorities can be specified in the IP header of a frame using the number of the TCP port. When these service is enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the switch, and the traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue.
Page 240: Mapping Dscp Priority
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • IP DSCP – Maps layer 3/4 priorities using Differentiated Services Code Point Mapping. Web – Click Priority, IP DSCP Priority Status. Check Enabled, then click Apply. Mapping DSCP Priority The DSCP is six bits wide, allowing coding for up to 64 different forwarding behaviors.
Page 241: Table 3-14. Mapping Dscp Priority
Table 3-14. IP DSCP Value 10, 12, 14, 16 18, 20, 22, 24 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 38, 40, 42 46, 56 Command Attributes • DSCP Priority Table – Shows the DSCP Priority to CoS map. • Class of Service Value – Maps a CoS value to the selected DSCP Priority value.
Page 242: Mapping Cos Values To Acls
ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example globally enables DSCP Priority service on the switch, maps DSCP value 0 to CoS value 1 (on port 1), and then displays the DSCP Priority settings. Console(config)#map ip dscp Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1...
Page 243 Command Attributes • Port – Port identifier. • Name* – Name of ACL. • Type – Type of ACL (IP or MAC). • CoS Priority – CoS value used for packets matching an IP ACL rule. (Range: 0-7) • ACL CoS Priority Mapping – Displays the configured information. * For information on configuring ACLs, see page 3-92.
Page 244: Multicast Filtering
It then propagates the service request up to any neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the multicast service. This procedure is called multicast filtering.
Page 245: Layer 2 Igmp (Snooping And Query)
IGMP querier, you can manually designate a known IGMP querier (i.e., a multicast router/switch) connected over the network to an interface on your switch (page 3-203). This interface will then join all the current multicast groups supported by the attached router/switch to ensure that multicast traffic is passed to all appropriate interfaces within the switch.
Page 246 This is also referred to as IGMP Snooping. (Default: Enabled) • Act as IGMP Querier — When enabled, the switch can serve as the Querier, which is responsible for asking hosts if they want to receive multicast traffic. (Default: Enabled) •...
Page 247: Figure 3-90. Configuring Internet Group Management Protocol
• IGMP Version — Sets the protocol version for compatibility with other devices on the network. (Range: 1-2; Default: 2) Notes: 1. All systems on the subnet must support the same version. 2. Some attributes are only enabled for IGMPv2, including IGMP Report Delay and IGMP Query Timeout.
Page 248: Figure 3-91. Mapping Multicast Switch Ports To Vlans
VLAN ID – ID of configured VLAN (1-4093). • Multicast Router List – Multicast routers dynamically discovered by this switch or those that are statically assigned to an interface on this switch. Web – Click IGMP Snooping, Multicast Router Port Information. Select the required VLAN ID from the scroll-down list to display the associated multicast routers.
Page 249: Specifying Static Interfaces For A Multicast Router
IGMP querier. Therefore, if the IGMP querier is a known multicast router/ switch connected over the network to an interface (port or trunk) on your switch, you can manually configure the interface (and a specified VLAN) to join all the current multicast groups supported by the attached router.
Page 250: Figure 3-93. Displaying Port Members Of Multicast Services
Web – Click IGMP Snooping, IP Multicast Registration Table. Select a VLAN ID and the IP address for a multicast service from the scroll-down lists. The switch will display all the interfaces that are propagating this multicast service. Figure 3-93. Displaying Port Members of Multicast Services...
Page 251: Assigning Ports To Multicast Services
Query Parameters” on page 3-199. For certain applications that require tighter control, you may need to statically configure a multicast service on the switch. First add all the ports attached to participating hosts to a common VLAN, and then assign the multicast service to that VLAN group.
Page 252: Figure 3-94. Specifying Multicast Port Membership
WITCH Web – Click IGMP Snooping, IGMP Member Port Table. Specify the interface attached to a multicast service (via an IGMP-enabled switch or multicast router), indicate the VLAN that will propagate the multicast service, specify the multicast IP address, and click Add. After you have completed adding ports to the member list, click Apply.
Page 253: Configuring Domain Name Service
IP addresses using static table entries or by redirection to other name servers on the network. When a client device designates this switch as a DNS server, the client will attempt to resolve host names into IP addresses by forwarding DNS queries to the switch, and waiting for a response.
Page 254: Figure 3-95. Configuring Dns
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Note that if all name servers are deleted, DNS will automatically be disabled. Command Attributes • Domain Lookup Status – Enables DNS host name-to-address translation. • Default Domain Name – Defines the default domain name appended to incomplete host names. (Range: 1-64 alphanumeric characters) •...
Page 255: Configuring Static Dns Host To Address Entries
CLI – This example sets a default domain name and a domain list. However, remember that if a domain list is specified, the default domain name is not used. Console(config)#ip domain-name sample.com Console(config)#ip domain-list sample.com.uk Console(config)#ip domain-list sample.com.jp Console(config)#ip name-server 192.168.1.55 10.1.0.55 Console(config)#ip domain-lookup Console#show dns Domain Lookup Status:...
Page 256: Displaying The Dns Cache
ONFIGURING THE WITCH • IP Address – Internet address(es) associated with a host name. (Range: 1-8 addresses) Web – Click DNS, Static Host Table. Enter a host name and one or more corresponding addresses, then click Add. Figure 3-96. Mapping IP Addresses to a Host Name CLI –...
Page 257: Figure 3-97. Displaying The Dns Cache
Field Attributes • No – The entry number for each resource record. • Flag – The flag is always “4” indicating a cache entry and therefore unreliable. • Type – This field includes CNAME which specifies the canonical or primary name for the owner, and ALIAS which specifies multiple domain names which are mapped to the same IP address as an existing entry.
Page 258 ONFIGURING THE WITCH 3-212...
Page 259: Command Line Interface
Using the Command Line Interface Accessing the CLI When accessing the management interface for the switch over a direct connection to the server’s console port, or via a Telnet connection, the switch can be managed by entering command keywords and parameters at the prompt.
Page 260: Telnet Connection
Note: The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To access the switch through a Telnet session, you must first set the IP address for the switch, and set the default gateway if you are managing the switch from a different IP subnet.
Page 261: Entering Commands
2. At the prompt, enter the user name and system password. The CLI will display the “Vty-n#” prompt for the administrator to show that you are using privileged access mode (i.e., Privileged Exec), or “Vty-n>” for the guest to show that you are using normal access mode (i.e., Normal Exec), where n indicates the number of the current Telnet session.
Page 262: Minimum Abbreviation
OMMAND NTERFACE • To enter multiple commands, enter each command in the required order. For example, to enable Privileged Exec command mode, and display the startup configuration, enter: Console>enable Console#show startup-config • To enter commands that require parameters, enter the required parameters after the command keyword.
Page 263: Showing Commands
Showing Commands If you enter a “?” at the command prompt, the system will display the first level of keywords for the current command class (Normal Exec or Privileged Exec) or configuration class (Global, ACL, Interface, Line, or VLAN Database). You can also display a list of valid keywords for a specific command.
Page 264: Partial Keyword Lookup
OMMAND NTERFACE The command “show interfaces ?” will display the following information: Console#show interfaces ? counters status switchport Console# Partial Keyword Lookup If you terminate a partial keyword with a question mark, alternatives that match the initial letters are provided. (Remember not to leave a space between the command and question mark.) For example “s?”...
Page 265: Understanding Command Modes
You must be in Global Configuration mode to access any of the other configuration modes. Exec Commands When you open a new console session on the switch with the user name and password “guest,” the system enters the Normal Exec command mode (or guest mode), displaying the “Console>” command prompt.
Page 266: Configuration Commands
Configuration commands are privileged level commands used to modify switch settings. These commands modify the running configuration only and are not saved when the switch is rebooted. To store the running configuration in non-volatile storage, use the copy running-config startup-config command.
Page 267: Table 4-2 Configuration Commands
• Line Configuration - These commands modify the console port and Telnet configuration, and include command such as parity and databits. • VLAN Configuration - Includes the command to create VLAN groups. • Multiple Spanning Tree Configuration - These commands configure settings for the selected multiple spanning tree instance.
Page 268: Command Line Processing
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Line Processing Commands are not case sensitive. You can abbreviate commands and parameters as long as they contain enough letters to differentiate them from any other currently available commands or parameters. You can use the Tab key to complete partial commands, or enter a partial command followed by the “?”...
Page 269: Command Groups
CLI name, browser management options, and a variety of other system information Manages code image or switch configuration files Configures logon access using local or remote authentication; also configures port security and IEEE 802.1X port access control...
Page 270 Configures the address table for filtering specified addresses, displays current entries, clears the table, or sets the aging time Configures Spanning Tree settings for the switch Configures VLAN settings, and defines port membership for VLAN groups; also enables or configures private VLANs Configures GVRP settings that permit automatic VLAN learning;...
Page 271: Line Commands
Line Commands You can access the onboard configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the server’s serial port. These commands are used to set communication parameters for the serial port or Telnet (i.e., a virtual terminal). Command line login password timeout login...
Page 272: Line
OMMAND NTERFACE line This command identifies a specific line for configuration, and to process subsequent line configuration commands. Syntax line {console | vty} • console - Console terminal line. • vty - Virtual terminal for remote console access (i.e., Telnet). Default Setting There is no default line.
Page 273: Login
Command Mode Line Configuration Command Usage • There are three authentication modes provided by the switch itself at login: - login selects authentication by a single global password as specified by the password line configuration command. When using this method, the management interface starts in Normal Exec (NE) mode.
Page 274: Password
OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console(config-line)#login local Console(config-line)# Related Commands username (4-34) password (4-16) password This command specifies the password for a line. Use the no form to remove the password. Syntax password {0 | 7} password no password • {0 | 7} - 0 means plain password, 7 means encrypted password •...
Page 275: Timeout Login Response
Example Console(config-line)#password 0 secret Console(config-line)# Related Commands login (4-15) password-thresh (4-19) timeout login response This command sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax timeout login response [seconds] no timeout login response...
Page 276: Exec-Timeout
OMMAND NTERFACE exec-timeout This command sets the interval that the system waits until user input is detected. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax exec-timeout [seconds] no exec-timeout seconds - Integer that specifies the number of seconds. (Range: 0 - 65535 seconds; 0: no timeout) Default Setting CLI: No timeout Telnet: 10 minutes...
Page 277: Password-Thresh
password-thresh This command sets the password intrusion threshold which limits the number of failed logon attempts. Use the no form to remove the threshold value. Syntax password-thresh [threshold] no password-thresh threshold - The number of allowed password attempts. (Range: 1-120; 0: no threshold) Default Setting The default value is three attempts.
Page 278: Silent-Time
OMMAND NTERFACE silent-time This command sets the amount of time the management console is inaccessible after the number of unsuccessful logon attempts exceeds the threshold set by the password-thresh command. Use the no form to remove the silent time value. Syntax silent-time [seconds] no silent-time...
Page 279: Parity
Default Setting 8 data bits per character Command Mode Line Configuration Command Usage The databits command can be used to mask the high bit on input from devices that generate 7 data bits with parity. If parity is being generated, specify 7 data bits per character. If no parity is required, specify 8 data bits per character.
Page 280: Speed
Some baud rates available on devices connected to the port might not be supported. The system indicates if the speed you selected is not supported. If you select the “auto” option, the switch will automatically detect the baud rate configured on the attached terminal, and adjust the speed accordingly.
Page 281: Stopbits
Example To specify 57600 bps, enter this command: Console(config-line)#speed 57600 Console(config-line)# stopbits This command sets the number of the stop bits transmitted per byte. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax stopbits {1 | 2} • 1 - One stop bit •...
Page 282: Show Line
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage Specifying session identifier “0” will disconnect the console connection. Specifying any other identifiers for an active session will disconnect an SSH or Telnet connection. Example Console#disconnect 1 Console# Related Commands show ssh (4-53) show users (4-80) show line This command displays the terminal line’s parameters.
Page 283: General Commands
Example To show all lines, enter this command: Console#show line Console configuration: Password threshold: Interactive timeout: Disabled Login timeout: Disabled Silent time: Baudrate: Databits: Parity: Stopbits: VTY configuration: Password threshold: Interactive timeout: 600 sec Login timeout: 300 sec Console# General Commands Command enable disable...
Page 284: Enable
OMMAND NTERFACE enable This command activates Privileged Exec mode. In privileged mode, additional commands are available, and certain commands display additional information. (See “Understanding Command Modes” on page 4-7.) Syntax enable [level] level - Privilege level to log into the device. The device has two predefined privilege levels: 0: Normal Exec, 15: Privileged Exec.
Page 285: Disable
This command activates Global Configuration mode. You must enter this mode to modify any settings on the switch. You must also enter Global Configuration mode prior to enabling some of the other configuration modes, including Interface Configuration, Line Configuration, VLAN Database Configuration, and Multiple Spanning Tree Configuration.
Page 286: Show History
OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#configure Console(config)# Related Commands end (4-29) show history This command shows the contents of the command history buffer. Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage The history buffer size is fixed at 10 Execution commands and 10 Configuration commands.
Page 287: Reload
None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage This command resets the entire system. Example This example shows how to reset the switch: Console#reload System will be restarted, continue <y/n>? y This command returns to Privileged Exec mode. Default Setting None...
Page 288: Exit
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Global Configuration, Interface Configuration, Line Configuration, VLAN Database Configuration, and Multiple Spanning Tree Configuration. Example This example shows how to return to the Privileged Exec mode from the Interface Configuration mode: Console(config-if)#end Console# exit This command returns to the previous configuration mode or exit the configuration program.
Page 289: System Management Commands
SMTP Alerts Time (System Clock) Sets the system clock automatically via NTP/SNTP YSTEM Function Configures information that uniquely identifies this switch Configures the basic user names and passwords for management access Configures IP addresses that are allowed management access Enables management access via a web browser...
Page 290: Device Designation Commands
Table 4-8 Device Designation Commands Command Function prompt Customizes the prompt used in PE and NE mode hostname Specifies the host name for the switch snmp-server Sets the system contact string contact snmp-server Sets the system location string location prompt This command customizes the CLI prompt.
Page 291: User Access Commands
User Access Commands The basic commands required for management access are listed in this section. This switch also includes other options for password checking via the console or a Telnet connection (page 4-13), user authentication via a remote authentication server (page 4-90), and host access authentication for specific ports (page 4-103).
Page 292: Table 4-10 Default Login Settings
OMMAND NTERFACE username This command adds named users, requires authentication at login, specifies or changes a user's password (or specify that no password is required), or specifies or changes a user's access level. Use the no form to remove a user name. Syntax username name {access-level level | no password | password {0 | 7} password}...
Page 293: Enable Password
The encrypted password is required for compatibility with legacy password settings (i.e., plain text or encrypted) when reading the configuration file during system bootup or when downloading the configuration file from a TFTP server. There is no need for you to manually configure encrypted passwords.
Page 294: Ip Filter Commands
Displays the switch to be monitored or management This command specifies the client IP addresses that are allowed management access to the switch through various protocols. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax [no] management {all-client | http-client | snmp-client | telnet-client} start-address [end-address] •...
Page 295: Show Management
Global Configuration Command Usage • If anyone tries to access a management interface on the switch from an invalid address, the switch will reject the connection, enter an event message in the system log, and send a trap message to the trap manager.
Page 296: Web Server Commands
End ip address 192.168.1.19 192.168.1.30 End ip address 192.168.1.19 192.168.1.30 Table 4-12 Web Server Command Function Specifies the port to be used by the web browser interface Allows the switch to be monitored or configured from a browser Mode Page 4-39 4-39...
Page 297: Ip Http Port
Command ip http secure-server ip http secure-port Specifies the UDP port number for HTTPS/ ip http port This command specifies the TCP port number used by the web browser interface. Use the no form to use the default port. Syntax ip http port port-number no ip http port port-number - The TCP port to be used by the browser interface.
Page 298 This command enables the secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) over the Secure Socket Layer (SSL), providing secure access (i.e., an encrypted connection) to the switch’s web interface. Use the no form to disable this function. Syntax [no] ip http secure-server...
Page 299: Table 4-13 Https System Support
(4-41) copy tftp https-certificate (4-83) ip http secure-port This command specifies the UDP port number used for HTTPS/SSL connection to the switch’s web interface. Use the no form to restore the default port. YSTEM Table 4-13 HTTPS System Support...
Page 300 OMMAND NTERFACE Syntax ip http secure-port port_number no ip http secure-port port_number – The UDP port used for HTTPS/SSL. (Range: 1-65535) Default Setting Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • You cannot configure the HTTP and HTTPS servers to use the same port.
Page 301: Telnet Server Commands
- The TCP port to be used by the browser interface. (Range: 1-65535) YSTEM Table 4-14 Telnet Server Commands Function Allows the switch to be monitored or configured from Telnet Specifies the port to be used by the Telnet interface ANAGEMENT...
Page 302: Secure Shell Commands
Telnet. When a client contacts the switch via the SSH protocol, the switch uses a public-key that the client must match along with a local user name and password for access authentication. SSH also encrypts all data...
Page 303: Table 4-15 Secure Shell Commands
TACACS+ remote authentication server, as specified by the authentication login command on page 4-91. If public key authentication is specified by the client, then you must configure authentication keys on both the client and the switch as described in the YSTEM ANAGEMENT...
Page 304 76546801726272571413428762941301196195566782 59566410486957427888146206 519417467729848654686157177393901647793559423035774130980227370877945452408397 1752646358058176716709574804776117 3. Import Client’s Public Key to the Switch – Use the copy tftp public-key command to copy a file containing the public key for all the SSH client’s granted management access to the switch. (Note that these clients must be configured locally on the switch with the username command as described on page 4-34.) The clients are subsequently...
Page 305: Ip Ssh Server
The switch compares the client's public key to those stored in memory. c. If a match is found, the switch uses the public key to encrypt a random sequence of bytes, and sends this string to the client. d. The client uses its private key to decrypt the bytes, and sends the decrypted bytes back to the switch.
Page 306: Ip Ssh Timeout
SSH sessions. • The SSH server uses DSA or RSA for key exchange when the client first establishes a connection with the switch, and then negotiates with the client to select either DES (56-bit) or 3DES (168-bit) for data encryption.
Page 307 Command Usage The timeout specifies the interval the switch will wait for a response from the client during the SSH negotiation phase. Once an SSH session has been established, the timeout for user input is controlled by the exec-timeout command for vty sessions.
Page 308 Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • The server key is a private key that is never shared outside the switch. • The host key is shared with the SSH client, and is fixed at 1024 bits. Example Console(config)#ip ssh server-key size 512...
Page 309: Default Setting
Example Console#delete public-key admin dsa Console# ip ssh crypto host-key generate This command generates the host key pair (i.e., public and private). Syntax ip ssh crypto host-key generate [dsa | rsa] • dsa – DSA (Version 2) key type. • rsa – RSA (Version 1) key type. Default Setting Generates both the DSA and RSA key pairs.
Page 310: Ip Ssh Crypto Zeroize
OMMAND NTERFACE ip ssh crypto zeroize This command clears the host key from memory (i.e. RAM). Syntax ip ssh crypto zeroize [dsa | rsa] • dsa – DSA key type. • rsa – RSA key type. Default Setting Clears both the DSA and RSA key. Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage...
Page 311: Show Ip Ssh
Default Setting Saves both the DSA and RSA key. Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#ip ssh save host-key dsa Console# Related Commands ip ssh crypto host-key generate (4-51) show ip ssh This command displays the connection settings used when authenticating client access to the SSH server.
Page 312: Table 4-16 Show Ssh - Display Description
OMMAND NTERFACE Field Description Session The session number. (Range: 0-3) Version The Secure Shell version number. State The authentication negotiation state. (Values: Negotiation-Started, Authentication-Started, Session-Started) Username The user name of the client. Encryption The encryption method is automatically negotiated between the client and server.
Page 313: Privileged Exec
show public-key This command shows the public key for the specified user or for the host. Syntax show public-key [user [username]| host] username – Name of an SSH user. (Range: 1-8 characters) Default Setting Shows all public keys. Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage •...
Page 314: Event Logging Commands
This command controls logging of error messages, sending debug or error messages to switch memory. The no form disables the logging process. Syntax [no] logging on Default Setting None Command Mode...
Page 315: Table 4-18 Logging Levels
Related Commands logging history (4-57) clear logging (4-61) logging history This command limits syslog messages saved to switch memory based on severity. The no form returns the logging of syslog messages to the default level. Syntax logging history {flash | ram} level no logging history {flash | ram} •...
Page 316: Logging Host
OMMAND NTERFACE Level Severity Name Description alerts emergencies * There are only Level 2, 5 and 6 error messages for the current firmware release. Default Setting Flash: errors (level 3 - 0) RAM: warnings (level 7 - 0) Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The message level specified for flash memory must be a higher priority...
Page 317: Logging Facility
The command specifies the facility type tag sent in syslog messages. (See RFC 3164.) This type has no effect on the kind of messages reported by the switch. However, it may be used by the syslog server to sort messages or to store messages in the corresponding database.
Page 318: Logging Trap
OMMAND NTERFACE logging trap This command enables the logging of system messages to a remote server, or limits the syslog messages saved to a remote server based on severity. Use this command without a specified level to enable remote logging. Use the no form to disable remote logging.
Page 319: Clear Logging
Related Commands show log (4-63) show logging This command displays the configuration settings for logging messages to local switch memory, to an SMTP event handler, or to a remote syslog server. Syntax show logging {flash | ram | sendmail | trap} •...
Page 320: Table 4-19 Show Logging Flash/Ram - Display Description
OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Example The following example shows that system logging is enabled, the message level for flash memory is “errors” (i.e., default level 3 - 0), and the message level for RAM is “debugging” (i.e., default level 7 - 0). Console#show logging flash Syslog logging: History logging in FLASH: level errors...
Page 321: Table 4-20 Show Logging Trap - Display Description
Table 4-20 show logging trap - display description Field Syslog logging REMOTELOG status REMOTELOG facility type REMOTELOG level type REMOTELOG server IP address Related Commands show logging sendmail (4-68) show log This command displays the log messages stored in local memory. Syntax show log {flash | ram} •...
Page 322: Smtp Alert Commands
OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following example shows the event message stored in RAM. Console#show log ram [1] 00:01:30 2001-01-01 "VLAN 1 link-up notification." level: 6, module: 5, function: 1, and event no.: 1 [0] 00:01:30 2001-01-01 "Unit 1, Port level: 6, module: 5, function: 1, and event no.: 1 Console# SMTP Alert Commands These commands configure SMTP event handling, and forwarding of alert...
Page 323: Logging Sendmail Host
• You can specify up to three SMTP servers for event handing. However, you must enter a separate command to specify each server. • To send email alerts, the switch first opens a connection, sends all the email alerts waiting in the queue one by one, and finally closes the connection.
Page 324: Logging Sendmail Level
OMMAND NTERFACE logging sendmail level This command sets the severity threshold used to trigger alert messages. Syntax logging sendmail level level level - One of the system message levels (page 4-57). Messages sent include the selected level down to level 0. (Range: 0-7; Default: 7) Default Setting Level 7 Command Mode...
Page 325 Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage You may use an symbolic email address that identifies the switch, or the address of an administrator responsible for the switch. Example This example will send email alerts for system errors from level 3 through 0.
Page 326: Logging Sendmail
OMMAND NTERFACE logging sendmail This command enables SMTP event handling. Use the no form to disable this function. Syntax [no] logging sendmail Default Setting Enabled Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#logging sendmail Console(config)# show logging sendmail This command displays the settings for the SMTP event handler. Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Example...
Page 327: Time Commands
(NTP or SNTP). Maintaining an accurate time on the switch enables the system log to record meaningful dates and times for event entries. If the clock is not set, the switch will only record the time from the factory default set at the last bootup.
Page 328: Sntp Server
Command Usage • The time acquired from time servers is used to record accurate dates and times for log events. Without SNTP, the switch only records the time starting from the factory default set at the last bootup (e.g., 00:00:00, Jan. 1, 2001).
Page 329: Sntp Poll
(4-71) show sntp (4-72) sntp poll This command sets the interval between sending time requests when the switch is set to SNTP client mode. Use the no form to restore to the default. Syntax sntp poll seconds no sntp poll seconds - Interval between time requests.
Page 330: Show Sntp
SNTP server 137.92.140.80 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Current server: 137.92.140.80 Console# clock timezone This command sets the time zone for the switch’s internal clock. Syntax clock timezone name hour hours minute minutes {before-utc | after-utc} • name - Name of timezone, usually an acronym.
Page 331: Calendar Set
(4-72) calendar set This command sets the system clock. It may be used if there is no time server on your network, or if you have not configured the switch to receive signals from a time server. Syntax calendar set hour min sec {day month year | month day year} •...
Page 332: Show Calendar
OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Example This example shows how to set the system clock to 15:12:34, February 1st, 2002. Console#calendar set 15 12 34 1 February 2002 Console# show calendar This command displays the system clock. Default Setting None Command Mode...
Page 333: System Status Commands
System Status Commands Command show running-config show system show users show version show startup-config This command displays the configuration file stored in non-volatile memory that is used to start up the system. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage •...
Page 334 OMMAND NTERFACE - Multiple spanning tree instances (name and interfaces) - IP address configured for the switch - Spanning tree settings - Any configured settings for the console port and Telnet Example Console#show startup-config building startup-config, please wait... username admin access-level 15...
Page 335 - VLAN database (VLAN ID, name and state) - VLAN configuration settings for each interface - Multiple spanning tree instances (name and interfaces) - IP address configured for the switch - Spanning tree settings - Any configured settings for the console port and Telnet...
Page 336: L Ine I Nterface
OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show running-config building running-config, please wait... phymap 00-30-f1-df-9c-a0 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 SNTP server 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 snmp-server community public ro snmp-server community private rw username admin access-level 15 username admin password 7 21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3 username guest access-level 0 username guest password 7 084e0343a0486ff05530df6c705c8bb4 enable password level 15 7 1b3231655cebb7a1f783eddf27d254ca...
Page 337: S Ystem M Anagement C Ommands
• The POST results should all display “PASS.” If any POST test indicates “FAIL,” contact your distributor for assistance. Example Console#show system System description: SMC8728L2 L2 GE Switch System OID string: 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.58 System information System Up time: 0 days, 2 hours, 3 minutes, and 47.49 seconds...
Page 338: Show Users
OMMAND NTERFACE show users Shows all active console and Telnet sessions, including user name, idle time, and IP address of Telnet client. Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage The session used to execute this command is indicated by a “*” symbol next to the Line (i.e., session) index number.
Page 339: Frame Size Commands
Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage See “Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions” on page 3-14 for detailed information on the items displayed by this command. Example Console#show version Unit 1 Serial number: Hardware version: EPLD version: Number of ports:...
Page 340 Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • This switch provides more efficient throughput for large sequential data transfers by supporting jumbo frames up to 9216 bytes. Compared to standard Ethernet frames that run only up to 1.5 KB, using jumbo frames significantly reduces the per-packet overhead required to process protocol encapsulation fields.
Page 341: Flash/File Commands
This command moves (upload/download) a code image or configuration file between the switch’s flash memory and a TFTP server. When you save the system code or configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be downloaded to the switch to restore system operation. The success of the file transfer depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection.
Page 342 31 characters for files on the switch. (Valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “.”, “-”, “_”) • Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only two operation code files. • The maximum number of user-defined configuration files depends on available memory.
Page 343 \Write to FLASH finish. Success. Console# This example shows how to copy a secure-site certificate from an TFTP server. It then reboots the switch to activate the certificate: Console#copy tftp https-certificate TFTP server ip address: 10.1.0.19 Source certificate file name: SS-certificate...
Page 344: Delete
This example shows how to copy a public-key used by SSH from an TFTP server. Note that public key authentication via SSH is only supported for users configured locally on the switch. Console#copy tftp public-key TFTP server IP address: 192.168.1.19 Choose public key type: 1.
Page 345: Dir
The type of file or image to display includes: • boot-rom - Boot ROM (or diagnostic) image file. • config - Switch configuration file. • opcode - Run-time operation code image file. • filename - Name of the file or image. If this file exists but contains errors, information on this file cannot be shown.
Page 346: Whichboot
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage • If you enter the command dir without any parameters, the system displays all files. • A colon (:) is required after the specified unit number. • File information is shown below: Column Heading file name file type startup size...
Page 347: Boot System
Command Mode Privileged Exec Example This example shows the information displayed by the whichboot command. See the table under the dir command for a description of the file information displayed by this command. Console#whichboot -------------------------------- ----------------------- ------- ----------- Unit1: Console# boot system This command specifies the image used to start up the system.
Page 348: Authentication Commands
(4-87) whichboot (4-88) Authentication Commands You can configure this switch to authenticate users logging into the system for management access using local or remote authentication methods. You can also enable port-based authentication for network client access using IEEE 802.1X.
Page 349: Authentication Login
authentication login This command defines the login authentication method and precedence. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax authentication login {[local] [radius] [tacacs]} no authentication login • local - Use local password. • radius - Use RADIUS server password. •...
Page 350: Authentication Enable
OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console(config)#authentication login radius Console(config)# Related Commands username - for setting the local user names and passwords (4-34) authentication enable This command defines the authentication method and precedence to use when changing from Exec command mode to Privileged Exec command mode with the enable command (see page 4-26).
Page 351: Radius Client
RADIUS-aware devices on the network. An authentication server contains a database of multiple user name/password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user or group that require management access to a switch. Command radius-server host radius-server port...
Page 352 • port_number - RADIUS server UDP port used for authentication messages. (Range: 1-65535) • timeout - Number of seconds the switch waits for a reply before resending a request. (Range: 1-65535) • retransmit - Number of times the switch will try to authenticate logon access via the RADIUS server.
Page 353 Example Console(config)#radius-server 1 host 192.168.1.20 port 181 timeout 10 retransmit 5 key green Console(config)# radius-server port This command sets the RADIUS server network port. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax radius-server port port_number no radius-server port port_number - RADIUS server UDP port used for authentication messages.
Page 354 This command sets the number of retries. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax radius-server retransmit number_of_retries no radius-server retransmit number_of_retries - Number of times the switch will try to authenticate logon access via the RADIUS server. (Range: 1 - 30) Default Setting Command Mode Global Configuration...
Page 355: Global Configuration
RADIUS server. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax radius-server timeout number_of_seconds no radius-server timeout number_of_seconds - Number of seconds the switch waits for a reply before resending a request. (Range: 1-65535) Default Setting Command Mode...
Page 356: Tacacs+ Client
TACACS-aware devices on the network. An authentication server contains a database of multiple user name/password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user or group that require management access to a switch. Command tacacs-server host tacacs-server port...
Page 357 tacacs-server port This command specifies the TACACS+ server network port. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax tacacs-server port port_number no tacacs-server port port_number - TACACS+ server TCP port used for authentication messages. (Range: 1-65535) Default Setting Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#tacacs-server port 181...
Page 358: Port Security Commands
Port Security Commands These commands can be used to enable port security on a port. When using port security, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port when it has reached a configured maximum number. Only incoming traffic with source addresses already stored in the dynamic or static address table for this port will be authorized to access the network.
Page 359: Table 4-31 Port Security Commands
Command port security mac-address-table static Maps a static address to a port in a show mac-address-table Displays entries in the port security This command enables or configures port security. Use the no form without any keywords to disable port security. Use the no form with the appropriate keyword to restore the default settings for a response to security violation or for the maximum number of allowed addresses.
Page 360 OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage • If you enable port security, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port when it has reached a configured maximum number. Only incoming traffic with source addresses already stored in the dynamic or static address table will be accepted.
Page 361: 802.1X Port Authentication
802.1X Port Authentication The switch supports IEEE 802.1X (dot1x) port-based access control that prevents unauthorized access to the network by requiring users to first submit credentials for authentication. Client authentication is controlled centrally by a RADIUS server using EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol).
Page 362: Dot1X Default
OMMAND NTERFACE dot1x system-auth-control This command enables IEEE 802.1X port authentication globally on the switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax [no] dot1x system-auth-control Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#dot1x system-auth-control Console(config)# dot1x default This command sets all configurable dot1x global and port settings to their default values.
Page 363 This command sets the maximum number of times the switch port will retransmit an EAP request/identity packet to the client before it times out the authentication session. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax dot1x max-req count no dot1x max-req count –...
Page 364 OMMAND NTERFACE Default force-authorized Command Mode Interface Configuration Example Console(config)#interface eth 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x port-control auto Console(config-if)# dot1x operation-mode This command allows single or multiple hosts (clients) to connect to an 802.1X-authorized port. Use the no form with no keywords to restore the default to single host.
Page 365: Interface Configuration
Similarly, a port can become unauthorized for all hosts if one attached host fails re-authentication or sends an EAPOL logoff message. Example Console(config)#interface eth 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x operation-mode multi-host max-count 10 Console(config-if)# dot1x re-authenticate This command forces re-authentication on all ports or a specific interface. Syntax dot1x re-authenticate [interface] interface...
Page 366 OMMAND NTERFACE dot1x timeout quiet-period This command sets the time that a switch port waits after the Max Request Count has been exceeded before attempting to acquire a new client. Use the no form to reset the default. Syntax dot1x timeout quiet-period seconds no dot1x timeout quiet-period seconds - The number of seconds.
Page 367: Show Dot1X
Console(config)#interface eth 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout re-authperiod 300 Console(config-if)# dot1x timeout tx-period This command sets the time that the switch waits during an authentication session before re-transmitting an EAP packet. Use the no form to reset to the default value. Syntax...
Page 368 This command displays the following information: • Global 802.1X Parameters – Shows whether or not 802.1X port authentication is globally enabled on the switch. • 802.1X Port Summary – Displays the port access control parameters for each interface that has enabled 802.1X, including the following items: - Status–...
Page 369: Table 4-27 Authentication Commands
• Authenticator State Machine - State – Current state (including initialize, disconnected, connecting, authenticating, authenticated, aborting, held, force_authorized, force_unauthorized). - Reauth Count – Number of times connecting state is re-entered. • Backend State Machine - State – Current state (including request, response, success, fail, timeout, idle, initialize).
Page 370: Access Control List Commands
An ACL is a sequential list of permit or deny conditions that apply to IP addresses, MAC addresses, or other more specific criteria. This switch tests ingress or egress packets against the conditions in an ACL one by one. A packet will be accepted as soon as it matches a permit rule, or dropped as soon as it matches a deny rule.
Page 371: Ip Acls
Each ACL can have up to 60 rules. • This switch supports ACLs for ingress filtering only. However, you can only bind one IP ACL to any port for ingress filtering. In other words, only one ACL can be bound to an interface - Ingress IP ACL.
Page 372 OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-34 IP ACL Commands (Continued) Command show ip access-list ip access-group show ip access-group map access-list ip show map access-list ip access-list ip This command adds an IP access list and enters configuration mode for standard or extended IP ACLs. Use the no form to remove the specified ACL.
Page 373 the bottom of the list. To create an ACL, you must add at least one rule to the list. • To remove a rule, use the no permit or no deny command followed by the exact text of a previously configured rule. •...
Page 374 OMMAND NTERFACE uses 1 bits to indicate “match” and 0 bits to indicate “ignore.” The bitmask is bitwise ANDed with the specified source IP address, and then compared with the address for each IP packet entering the port(s) to which this ACL has been assigned. Example This example configures one permit rule for the specific address 10.1.1.21 and another rule for the address range 168.92.16.x –...
Page 375 • sport – Protocol • dport – Protocol • end – Upper bound of the protocol port range. (Range: 0-65535) Default Setting None Command Mode Extended ACL Command Usage • All new rules are appended to the end of the list. •...
Page 376 OMMAND NTERFACE Syntax show ip access-list {standard | extended} [acl_name] • standard – Specifies a standard IP ACL. • extended – Specifies an extended IP ACL. • acl_name – Name of the ACL. (Maximum length: 16 characters) Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show ip access-list standard IP standard access-list david:...
Page 377 • If a port is already bound to an ACL and you bind it to a different ACL, the switch will replace the old binding with the new one. • You must configure a mask for an ACL rule before you can bind it to a port.
Page 378: Table 4-35 Egress Queue Priority Mapping
OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting None Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet) Command Usage • You must configure an ACL mask before you can map CoS values to the rule. • A packet matching a rule within the specified ACL is mapped to one of the output queues as shown in the following table.
Page 379 • port - Port number. (Range: 1-30) Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show map access-list ip Access-list to COS of Eth 1/24 Access-list ALS1 cos 0 Console# Related Commands map access-list ip (4-119) CCESS ONTROL OMMANDS 4-121...
Page 380: Acl Information
OMMAND NTERFACE ACL Information Command show access-list show access-group show access-list This command shows all ACLs and associated rules, as well as all the user-defined masks. Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage Once the ACL is bound to an interface (i.e., the ACL is active), the order in which the rules are displayed is determined by the associated mask.
Page 381: Snmp Commands
IP access-list jerry Console# SNMP Commands Controls access to this switch from management stations using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), as well as the error types sent to trap managers. SNMP Version 3 provides security features that cover message integrity, authentication, and encryption;...
Page 382 OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-37 SNMP Commands (Continued) Command snmp-server location snmp-server host snmp-server enable traps snmp-server engine-id show snmp engine-id snmp-server view show snmp view snmp-server group show snmp group snmp-server user show snmp user snmp-server This command enables the SNMPv3 engine and services for all management clients (i.e., versions 1, 2c, 3).
Page 383: Show Snmp
Example Console(config)#snmp-server Console(config)# show snmp This command can be used to check the status of SNMP communications. Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage This command provides information on the community access strings, counter information for SNMP input and output protocol data units, and whether or not SNMP logging has been enabled with the snmp-server enable traps command.
Page 384 OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show snmp SNMP Agent: enabled SNMP traps: Authentication: enable Link-up-down: enable SNMP communities: 1. private, and the privilege is read-write 2. public, and the privilege is read-only 0 SNMP packets input 0 Bad SNMP version errors 0 Unknown community name 0 Illegal operation for community name supplied 0 Encoding errors 0 Number of requested variables...
Page 385 snmp-server community This command defines the SNMP v1 and v2c community access string. Use the no form to remove the specified community string. Syntax snmp-server community string [ro|rw] no snmp-server community string • string - Community string that acts like a password and permits access to the SNMP protocol.
Page 386 OMMAND NTERFACE string - String that describes the system contact information. (Maximum length: 255 characters) Default Setting None Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#snmp-server contact Paul Console(config)# Related Commands snmp-server location (4-128) snmp-server location This command sets the system location string. Use the no form to remove the location string.
Page 387 snmp-server host This command specifies the recipient of a Simple Network Management Protocol notification operation. Use the no form to remove the specified host. Syntax snmp-server host host-addr [inform [retry retries | timeout seconds]] community-string [version {1 | 2c | 3 {auth | noauth | priv} [udp-port port]} no snmp-server host host-addr •...
Page 388 For example, some notification types are always enabled. • Notifications are issued by the switch as trap messages by default. The recipient of a trap message does not send a response to the switch. Traps are therefore not as reliable as inform messages, which include a request for acknowledgement of receipt.
Page 389 6. Specify a remote engine ID where the user resides (page 4-133). 7. Then configure a remote user (page 4-140). • The switch can send SNMP version 1, 2c, or 3 notifications to a host IP address, depending on the SNMP version that the management station supports.
Page 390 OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console(config)#snmp-server host 10.1.19.23 inform retries 10 timeout 30 batman version 2c udp-port 162 Console(config)# Related Commands snmp-server enable traps (4-132) snmp-server enable traps This command enables this device to send Simple Network Management Protocol traps or informs (i.e., SNMP notifications). Use the no form to disable SNMP notifications.
Page 391 • ip-address - The Internet address of the remote device. • engineid-string - String identifying the engine ID. (Range: 1-26 hexadecimal characters) Default Setting A unique engine ID is automatically generated by the switch based on its MAC address. Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage •...
Page 392 • A local engine ID is automatically generated that is unique to the switch. This is referred to as the default engine ID. If the local engineID is deleted or changed, all SNMP users will be cleared. You will need to reconfigure all existing users (page 4-140).
Page 393: Table 4-38 Show Snmp Engine-Id - Display Description
Example This example shows the default engine ID. Console#show snmp engine-id Local SNMP engineID: 8000002a8000000000e8666672 Local SNMP engineBoots: 1 Remote SNMP engineID 80000000030004e2b316c54321 Console# Table 4-38 show snmp engine-id - display description Field Local SNMP engineID Local SNMP engineBoots Remote SNMP engineID IP address snmp-server view...
Page 394: Show Snmp View
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • Views are used in the snmp-server group command to restrict user access to specified portions of the MIB tree. • The predefined view “defaultview” includes access to the entire MIB tree. Examples This view includes MIB-2.
Page 395: Table 4-39 Show Snmp View - Display Description
Example Console#show snmp view View Name: mib-2 Subtree OID: 1.2.2.3.6.2.1 View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active View Name: defaultview Subtree OID: 1 View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active Console# Table 4-39 show snmp view - display description Field View Name Subtree OID...
Page 396: Show Snmp Group
• For additional information on the notification messages supported by this switch, see “Supported Notification Messages” on page 3-59. Also, note that the authentication, link-up and link-down messages are legacy traps and must therefore be enabled in conjunction with the snmp-server enable traps command (page 4-132).
Page 397: Snmp C Ommands
Example Console#show snmp group Group Name: r&d Security Model: v3 Read View: defaultview Write View: daily Notify View: none Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active Group Name: public Security Model: v1 Read View: defaultview Write View: none Notify View: none Storage Type: volatile Row Status: active Group Name: public...
Page 398 OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-40 show snmp group - display description (Continued) Field notifyview storage-type Row Status snmp-server user This command adds a user to an SNMP group, restricting the user to a specific SNMP Read and a Write View. Use the no form to remove a user from an SNMP group.
Page 399 Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • The SNMP engine ID is used to compute the authentication/privacy digests from the password. You should therefore configure the engine ID with the snmp-server engine-id command before using this configuration command. • Before you configure a remote user, use the snmp-server engine-id command (page 4-133) to specify the engine ID for the remote device where the user resides.
Page 400: Table 4-41 Show Snmp User - Display Description
OMMAND NTERFACE show snmp user This command shows information on SNMP users. Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show snmp user EngineId: 01000000000000000000000000 User Name: steve Authentication Protocol: md5 Privacy Protocol: des56 Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active SNMP remote user EngineId: 80000000030004e2b316c54321 User Name: mark Authentication Protocol: mdt...
Page 401: Interface Commands
Interface Commands These commands are used to display or set communication parameters for an Ethernet port, aggregated link, or VLAN. Command interface description speed-duplex negotiation capabilities flowcontrol shutdown clear counters show interfaces status Displays status for the specified show interfaces counters show interfaces switchport...
Page 402: Interface
OMMAND NTERFACE interface This command configures an interface type and enter interface configuration mode. Use the no form to remove a trunk. Syntax interface interface no interface port-channel channel-id • interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Always unit 1) - port - Port number.
Page 403: Speed-Duplex
Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Example The following example adds a description to port 24. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/24 Console(config-if)#description RD-SW#3 Console(config-if)# speed-duplex This command configures the speed and duplex mode of a given interface when autonegotiation is disabled. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax speed-duplex {1000full | 100full | 100half | 10full | 10half} no speed-duplex...
Page 404: Negotiation
Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • When auto-negotiation is enabled the switch will negotiate the best settings for a link based on the capabilities command. When auto-negotiation is disabled, you must manually specify the link attributes with the speed-duplex and flowcontrol commands.
Page 405: Capabilities
• symmetric (Gigabit only) - When specified, the port transmits and receives pause frames; when not specified, the port will auto-negotiate to determine the sender and receiver for asymmetric pause frames. (The current switch ASIC only supports symmetric pause frames.) Default Setting •...
Page 406: Flowcontrol
Command Usage When auto-negotiation is enabled with the negotiation command, the switch will negotiate the best settings for a link based on the capabilites command. When auto-negotiation is disabled, you must manually specify the link attributes with the speed-duplex and flowcontrol commands.
Page 407: Shutdown
• To force flow control on or off (with the flowcontrol or no flowcontrol command), use the no negotiation command to disable auto-negotiation on the selected interface. • When using the negotiation command to enable auto-negotiation, the optimal settings will be determined by the capabilities command. To enable flow control under auto-negotiation, “flowcontrol”...
Page 408: Clear Counters
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage This command allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g., excessive collisions), and then reenable it after the problem has been resolved. You may also want to disable a port for security reasons. Example The following example disables port 5.
Page 409: Show Interfaces Status
Example The following example clears statistics on port 5. Console#clear counters ethernet 1/5 Console# show interfaces status This command displays the status for an interface. Syntax show interfaces status [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Always unit 1) - port - Port number.
Page 410: Show Interfaces Counters
OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show interfaces status ethernet 1/5 Information of Eth 1/5 Basic information: Port type: Mac address: Configuration: Name: Port admin: Speed-duplex: Capabilities: Broadcast storm: Broadcast storm limit: Flow control: LACP: Port security: Max MAC count: Port security action: Media type: Current status: Link status:...
Page 411: Table 4-42 Interface Commands
Command Usage If no interface is specified, information on all interfaces is displayed. For a description of the items displayed by this command, see “Showing Port Statistics” on page 3-126. Example Console#show interfaces counters ethernet 1/7 Ethernet 1/7 Iftable stats: Octets input: 30658, Octets output: 196550 Unicast input: 6, Unicast output: 5 Discard input: 0, Discard output: 0...
Page 412: Show Interfaces Switchport
OMMAND NTERFACE show interfaces switchport This command displays the administrative and operational status of the specified interfaces. Syntax show interfaces switchport [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Always unit 1) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-30) •...
Page 413: Table 4-43 Show Interfaces Switchport - Display Description
Table 4-43 show interfaces switchport - display description Field Description Broadcast threshold Shows if broadcast storm suppression is enabled or disabled; if enabled it also shows the threshold level (page 4-156). LACP status Shows if Link Aggregation Control Protocol has been enabled or disabled (page 4-164).
Page 414: Broadcast Commands
Global Configuration Command Usage • When broadcast traffic exceeds the specified threshold, packets above that threshold are dropped. • The specified threshold value applies to all ports on the switch. 4-156 Table 4-44 Broadcast Commands Function Configures the global threshold level...
Page 415: Switchport Broadcast
Example The following shows how to configure broadcast storm control at 600 packets per second: Console(config)#broadcast packet-rate 600 switchport broadcast This command enables broadcast storm control on an interface. Use the no form to disable broadcast storm control on an interface. Syntax [no] switchport broadcast Default Setting...
Page 416: Mirror Port Commands
OMMAND NTERFACE Mirror Port Commands This section describes how to mirror traffic from a source port to a target port. Command port monitor show port monitor Shows the configuration for a mirror port port monitor This command configures a mirror session. Use the no form to clear a mirror session.
Page 417: Show Port Monitor
However, you should avoid sending too much traffic to the destination port from multiple source ports. Example The following example configures the switch to mirror all packets from port 6 to 11. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/11 Console(config-if)#port monitor ethernet 1/6 both...
Page 418: Rate Limit Commands
OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following shows mirroring configured from port 6 to port 11. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/11 Console(config-if)#port monitor ethernet 1/6 Console(config-if)#end Console#show port monitor Port Mirroring ------------------------------------- Destination port(listen port):Eth1/1 Source port(monitored port) Mode Console# Rate Limit Commands This function allows the network manager to control the maximum rate for traffic received on an interface.
Page 419 • input – Input rate • rate – Percentage Default Setting 100 percent Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Example Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#rate-limit input 600 Console(config-if)# IMIT OMMANDS 4-161...
Page 420: Link Aggregation Commands
For static trunks, the switches have to comply with the Cisco EtherChannel standard. For dynamic trunks, the switches have to comply with LACP. This switch supports up to six trunks. For example, a trunk consisting of two 1000 Mbps ports can support an aggregate bandwidth of 4 Gbps when operating at full duplex.
Page 421: Guidelines For Creating Trunks
Guidelines for Creating Trunks General Guidelines – • Finish configuring port trunks before you connect the corresponding network cables between switches to avoid creating a loop. • A trunk can have up to 32 ports. • The ports at both ends of a connection must be configured as trunk ports.
Page 422: Channel-Group
• When configuring static trunks, the switches must comply with the Cisco EtherChannel standard. • Use no channel-group to remove a port group from a trunk. • Use no interfaces port-channel to remove a trunk from the switch. Example The following example creates trunk 1 and then adds port 11.
Page 423 • A trunk formed with another switch using LACP will automatically be assigned the next available port-channel ID. • If the target switch has also enabled LACP on the connected ports, the trunk will be activated automatically. • If more than eight ports attached to the same target switch have LACP enabled, the additional ports will be placed in standby mode, and will only be enabled if one of the active links fails.
Page 424 OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following shows LACP enabled on ports 10-12. Because LACP has also been enabled on the ports at the other end of the links, the show interfaces status port-channel 1 command shows that Trunk1 has been established. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/10 Console(config-if)#lacp Console(config-if)#exit...
Page 425: Lacp System-Priority
• Port must be configured with the same system priority to join the same LAG. • System priority is combined with the switch’s MAC address to form the LAG identifier. This identifier is used to indicate a specific LAG during LACP negotiations with other systems.
Page 426: Lacp Admin-Key (Ethernet Interface)
OMMAND NTERFACE lacp admin-key (Ethernet Interface) This command configures a port's LACP administration key. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax lacp {actor | partner} admin-key key [no] lacp {actor | partner} admin-key • actor - The local side an aggregate link. •...
Page 427: Lacp Admin-Key (Port Channel)
Syntax lacp admin-key key [no] lacp admin-key key - The port channel admin key is used to identify a specific link aggregation group (LAG) during local LACP setup on this switch. (Range: 0-65535) Default Setting Command Mode Interface Configuration (Port Channel) Command Usage •...
Page 428: Lacp Port-Priority
OMMAND NTERFACE lacp port-priority This command configures LACP port priority. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax lacp {actor | partner} port-priority priority no lacp {actor | partner} port-priority • actor - The local side an aggregate link. •...
Page 429: Show Lacp
show lacp This command displays LACP information. Syntax show lacp [port-channel] {counters | internal | neighbors | sys-id} • port-channel - Local identifier for a link aggregation group. (Range: 1-6) • counters - Statistics for LACP protocol messages. • internal - Configuration settings and operational state for local side.
Page 430: Table 4-48 Show Lacp Counters - Display Description
OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-48 show lacp counters - display description Field LACPDUs Sent LACPDUs Received Number of valid LACPDUs received on this channel Marker Sent Marker Received LACPDUs Unknown Pkts LACPDUs Illegal Pkts Console#show lacp internal Channel group : 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Oper Key: Admin Key: 0...
Page 431 Table 4-49 show lacp internal - display description (Continued) Field Description LACPDUs Number of seconds before invalidating received LACPDU Internal information. LACP System LACP system priority assigned to this port channel. Priority LACP Port LACP port priority assigned to this interface within the Priority channel group.
Page 432: Table 4-50 Show Lacp Neighbors - Display Description
OMMAND NTERFACE Console#show lacp 1 neighbors Channel group 1 neighbors ------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth 1/1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Partner Admin System ID: Partner Oper System ID: Partner Admin Port Number: 2 Partner Oper Port Number: Port Admin Priority: Port Oper Priority: Admin Key: Oper Key: Admin State: Oper State: Table 4-50 show lacp neighbors - display description...
Page 433: Address Table Commands
32768 32768 32768 32768 32768 Description A link aggregation group configured on this switch. LACP system priority for this channel group. System MAC address. Table 4-52 Address Table Commands Function Maps a static address to a port in a VLAN...
Page 434: Mac-Address-Table Static
- port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-6) • vlan-id - VLAN ID (Range: 1-4093) • action - delete-on-reset - Assignment lasts until the switch is reset. - permanent - Assignment is permanent. Default Setting No static addresses are defined. The default mode is permanent.
Page 435: Clear Mac-Address-Table Dynamic
Command Usage The static address for a host device can be assigned to a specific port within a specific VLAN. Use this command to add static addresses to the MAC Address Table. Static addresses have the following characteristics: • Static addresses will not be removed from the address table when a given interface link is down.
Page 436: Show Mac-Address-Table
OMMAND NTERFACE show mac-address-table This command shows classes of entries in the bridge-forwarding database. Syntax show mac-address-table [address mac-address [mask]] [interface interface] [vlan vlan-id] [sort {address | vlan | interface}] • mac-address - MAC address. • mask - Bits to match in the address. •...
Page 437: Mac-Address-Table Aging-Time
Example Console#show mac-address-table Interface Mac Address --------- ----------------- ---- ----------------- Eth 1/ 1 00-00-00-00-00-17 Eth 1/ 1 00-E0-29-94-34-DE Console# mac-address-table aging-time This command sets the aging time for entries in the address table. Use the no form to restore the default aging time. Syntax mac-address-table aging-time seconds no mac-address-table aging-time...
Page 438: Show Mac-Address-Table Aging-Time
Console#show mac-address-table aging-time Aging time: 300 sec. Console# Spanning Tree Commands This section includes commands that configure the Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) globally for the switch, and commands that configure STA for the selected interface. Command spanning-tree spanning-tree mode spanning-tree...
Page 439 Table 4-53 Spanning Tree Commands (Continued) Command spanning-tree mst-configuration mst vlan mst priority name revision max-hops spanning-tree spanning-disabled spanning-tree cost spanning-tree port-priority spanning-tree edge-port Enables fast forwarding for edge ports IC spanning-tree portfast spanning-tree link-type spanning-tree mst cost spanning-tree mst port-priority spanning-tree protocol-migration...
Page 440: Spanning-Tree
OMMAND NTERFACE spanning-tree This command enables the Spanning Tree Algorithm globally for the switch. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] spanning-tree Default Setting Spanning tree is enabled. Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers.
Page 441: Spanning-Tree Mode
RSTP node transmits, as described below: - STP Mode – If the switch receives an 802.1D BPDU after a port’s migration delay timer expires, the switch assumes that it is connected to an 802.1D bridge and starts using only 802.1D BPDUs.
Page 442: Spanning-Tree Forward-Time
Changing modes stops all spanning-tree instances for the previous mode and restarts the system in the new mode, temporarily disrupting user traffic. Example The following example configures the switch to use Rapid Spanning Tree. Console(config)#spanning-tree mode rstp Console(config)# spanning-tree forward-time This command configures the spanning tree bridge forward time globally for this switch.
Page 443: Spanning-Tree Hello-Time
Console(config)#spanning-tree forward-time 20 Console(config)# spanning-tree hello-time This command configures the spanning tree bridge hello time globally for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree hello-time time no spanning-tree hello-time time - Time in seconds. (Range: 1-10 seconds).
Page 444: Spanning-Tree Max-Age
(4 -184) spanning-tree max-age (4 -186) spanning-tree max-age This command configures the spanning tree bridge maximum age globally for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree max-age seconds no spanning-tree max-age seconds - Time in seconds. (Range: 6-40 seconds) The minimum value is the higher of 6 or [2 x (hello-time + 1)].
Page 445: Spanning-Tree Priority
This command configures the spanning tree priority globally for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree priority priority no spanning-tree priority priority - Priority of the bridge. (Range: 0 - 65535) (Range – 0-61440, in steps of 4096; Options: 0, 4096,...
Page 446: Spanning-Tree Transmission-Limit
OMMAND NTERFACE Protocol. • short - Specifies 16-bit based values that range from 1-65535. This method is based on the IEEE 802.1 Spanning Tree Protocol. Default Setting Long method Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The path cost method is used to determine the best path between devices.
Page 447: Spanning-Tree Mst-Configuration
This command changes to Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) configuration mode. Default Setting • No VLANs are mapped to any MST instance. • The region name is set to the switch’s MAC address. Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#spanning-tree mst-configuration...
Page 448: Mst Priority
• By default all VLANs are assigned to the Internal Spanning Tree (MSTI 0) that connects all bridges and LANs within the MST region. This switch supports up to 58 instances. You should try to group VLANs which cover the same general area of your network. However,...
Page 449: Name
MAC address will then become the root device. • You can set this switch to act as the MSTI root device by specifying a priority of 0, or as the MSTI alternate device by specifying a priority of 16384.
Page 450: Revision
The MST region name (page 4-191) and revision number are used to designate a unique MST region. A bridge (i.e., spanning-tree compliant device such as this switch) can only belong to one MST region. And all bridges in the same region must be configured with the same MST instances.
Page 451: Max-Hops
max-hops This command configures the maximum number of hops in the region before a BPDU is discarded. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax max-hops hop-number • hop-number - Maximum hop number for multiple spanning tree. (Range: 1-40) Default Setting Command Mode MST Configuration...
Page 452: Spanning-Tree Cost
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Example Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5 Console(config-if)#spanning-tree spanning-disabled Console(config-if)# spanning-tree cost This command configures the spanning tree path cost for the specified interface. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree cost cost no spanning-tree cost cost cost - The path cost for the port.
Page 453: Spanning-Tree Port-Priority
• This command defines the priority for the use of a port in the Spanning Tree Algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (that is, lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.
Page 454: Spanning-Tree Edge-Port
OMMAND NTERFACE spanning-tree edge-port This command specifies an interface as an edge port. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax [no] spanning-tree edge-port Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • You can enable this option if an interface is attached to a LAN segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN or to an end node.
Page 455: Spanning-Tree Portfast
spanning-tree portfast This command sets an interface to fast forwarding. Use the no form to disable fast forwarding. Syntax [no] spanning-tree portfast Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • This command is used to enable/disable the fast spanning-tree mode for the selected port.
Page 456: Spanning-Tree Link-Type
• When automatic detection is selected, the switch derives the link type from the duplex mode. A full-duplex interface is considered a point-to-point link, while a half-duplex interface is assumed to be on a shared link.
Page 457 Syntax spanning-tree mst instance_id cost cost no spanning-tree mst instance_id cost • instance_id - Instance identifier of the spanning tree. (Range: 0-4094, no leading zeroes) • cost - Path cost for an interface. (Range: 1-200,000,000) The recommended range is - - Ethernet: 200,000-20,000,000 - Fast Ethernet: 20,000-2,000,000 - Gigabit Ethernet: 2,000-200,000...
Page 458: Spanning-Tree Mst Port-Priority
Command Usage • This command defines the priority for the use of an interface in the multiple spanning-tree. If the path cost for all interfaces on a switch are the same, the interface with the highest priority (that is, lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.
Page 459: Spanning-Tree Protocol-Migration
Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage If at any time the switch detects STP BPDUs, including Configuration or Topology Change Notification BPDUs, it will automatically set the selected interface to forced STP-compatible mode. However, you can also use the spanning-tree protocol-migration command at any time to manually re-check the appropriate BPDU format to send on the selected interfaces (i.e., RSTP or STP-compatible).
Page 460: Show Spanning-Tree
Command Usage • Use the show spanning-tree command with no parameters to display the spanning tree configuration for the switch for the Common Spanning Tree (CST) and for every interface in the tree. • Use the show spanning-tree interface command to display the spanning tree configuration for an interface within the Common Spanning Tree (CST).
Page 461 Example Console#show spanning-tree Spanning-tree information --------------------------------------------------------------- Spanning tree mode: Spanning tree enabled/disabled: Instance: VLANs configuration: Priority: Bridge Hello Time (sec.): Bridge Max Age (sec.): Bridge Forward Delay (sec.): Root Hello Time (sec.): Root Max Age (sec.): Root Forward Delay (sec.): Max hops: Remaining hops: Designated Root:...
Page 462: Show Spanning-Tree Mst Configuration
OMMAND NTERFACE show spanning-tree mst configuration This command shows the configuration of the multiple spanning tree. Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show spanning-tree mst configuration Mstp Configuration Information -------------------------------------------------------------- Configuration name: R&D Revision level:0 Instance Vlans -------------------------------------------------------------- Console# VLAN Commands A VLAN is a group of ports that can be located anywhere in the network, but communicate as though they belong to the same physical segment.
Page 463: Editing Vlan Groups
Editing VLAN Groups Command vlan database vlan vlan database This command enters VLAN database mode. All commands in this mode will take effect immediately. Default Setting None Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • Use the VLAN database command mode to add, change, and delete VLANs.
Page 464 • no vlan vlan-id deletes the VLAN. • no vlan vlan-id name removes the VLAN name. • no vlan vlan-id state returns the VLAN to the default state (i.e., active). • You can configure up to 255 VLANs on the switch. 4-206...
Page 465: Configuring Vlan Interfaces
Example The following example adds a VLAN, using VLAN ID 105 and name RD5. The VLAN is activated by default. Console(config)#vlan database Console(config-vlan)#vlan 105 name RD5 media ethernet Console(config-vlan)# Related Commands show vlan (4 -215) Configuring VLAN Interfaces Command interface vlan switchport mode switchport acceptable-frame-types...
Page 466: Interface Vlan
OMMAND NTERFACE interface vlan This command enters interface configuration mode for VLANs, which is used to configure VLAN parameters for a physical interface. Syntax interface vlan vlan-id vlan-id - ID of the configured VLAN. (Range: 1-4093, no leading zeroes) Default Setting None Command Mode Global Configuration...
Page 467 Default Setting All ports are in hybrid mode with the PVID set to VLAN 1. Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Example The following shows how to set the configuration mode to port 1, and then set the switchport mode to hybrid: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport mode hybrid Console(config-if)#...
Page 468 OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following example shows how to restrict the traffic received on port 1 to tagged frames: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport acceptable-frame-types tagged Console(config-if)# Related Commands switchport mode (4 -208) 4-210...
Page 469 This command enables ingress filtering for an interface. Note: Although the ingress filtering command is available, the switch has ingress filtering permanently set to enable. Therefore, trying to disable the filtering with the "no switchport ingress-filtering” command will produce this error message: “Note: Failed to ingress-filtering on ethernet interface !”...
Page 470: Switchport Native Vlan
OMMAND NTERFACE switchport native vlan This command configures the PVID (i.e., default VLAN ID) for a port. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax switchport native vlan vlan-id no switchport native vlan vlan-id - Default VLAN ID for a port. (Range: 1-4093, no leading zeroes) Default Setting VLAN 1...
Page 471: Switchport Allowed Vlan
VLAN groups as a tagged member. • Frames are always tagged within the switch. The tagged/untagged parameter used when adding a VLAN to an interface tells the switch whether to keep or remove the tag from a frame on egress.
Page 472: Switchport Forbidden Vlan
OMMAND NTERFACE • The interface can be added to a VLAN as an untagged member regardless of connected devices to this interface. The default setting is untagged VLAN 1. Note that each port can only have one untagged VLAN. If a second VLAN is defined for a port as untagged, the other VLAN that had untagged status will automatically be changed to tagged.
Page 473: Displaying Vlan Information
Command Usage • This command prevents a VLAN from being automatically added to the specified interface via GVRP. • If a VLAN has been added to the set of allowed VLANs for an interface, then you cannot add it to the set of forbidden VLANs for that same interface.
Page 474: Configuring Private Vlans
Console# Configuring Private VLANs Private VLANs provide port-based security and isolation between ports within the assigned VLAN. This switch supports two types of private VLANs: primary/secondary associated groups, and stand-alone isolated VLANs. A primary VLAN contains promiscuous ports that can...
Page 475: Table 4-58 Private Vlan Commands
Table 4-58 Private VLAN Commands Command Edit Private VLAN Groups private-vlan private-vlan association Associates a community VLAN with a Configure Private VLAN Interfaces switchport mode private-vlan switchport private-vlan host-association switchport private-vlan isolated switchport private-vlan mapping Display Private VLAN Information show vlan private-vlan Shows private VLAN information To configure primary/secondary associated groups, follow these steps: 1.
Page 476 OMMAND NTERFACE 6. Use the show vlan private-vlan command to verify your configuration settings. To configure isolated VLANs, follow these steps: 1. Use the private-vlan command to designate an isolated VLAN that will contain a single promiscuous port and one or more isolated ports.
Page 477: Private Vlan Association
Default Setting None Command Mode VLAN Configuration Command Usage • Private VLANs are used to restrict traffic to ports within the same community or isolated VLAN, and channel traffic passing outside the community through promiscuous ports. When using community VLANs, they must be mapped to an associated “primary” VLAN that contains promiscuous ports.
Page 478 OMMAND NTERFACE • secondary-vlan-id - ID of secondary (i.e, community) VLAN. (Range: 1-4093, no leading zeroes). Default Setting None Command Mode VLAN Configuration Command Usage Secondary VLANs provide security for group members. The associated primary VLAN provides a common interface for access to other network resources within the primary VLAN (e.g., servers configured with promiscuous ports) and to resources outside of the primary VLAN (via promiscuous...
Page 479 Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • To assign a promiscuous port to a primary VLAN, use the switchport private-vlan mapping command. To assign a host port to a community VLAN, use the private-vlan host association command. •...
Page 480 OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage All ports assigned to a secondary (i.e., community) VLAN can pass traffic between group members, but must communicate with resources outside of the group via promiscuous ports in the associated primary VLAN. Example Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/3 Console(config-if)#switchport private-vlan host-association 3 Console(config-if)# switchport private-vlan isolated...
Page 481 Console(config-if)#switchport private-vlan mapping 2 Console(config-if)# show vlan private-vlan Use this command to show the private VLAN configuration settings on this switch. Syntax show vlan private-vlan mapping [community | isolated | primary] • community – Displays all community VLANs, along with their associated primary VLAN and assigned host interfaces.
Page 482: Gvrp And Bridge Extension Commands
VLAN information in order to automatically register VLAN members on interfaces across the network. This section describes how to enable GVRP for individual interfaces and globally for the switch, as well as how to display default configuration settings for the Bridge Extension MIB.
Page 483: Bridge-Ext Gvrp
Table 4-59 GVRP and Bridge Extension Commands Command show gvrp configuration garp timer show garp timer bridge-ext gvrp This command enables GVRP globally for the switch. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] bridge-ext gvrp Default Setting Disabled...
Page 484: Switchport Gvrp
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage See “Displaying Basic VLAN Information” on page 4 -165 and “Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities” on page 4 -16 for a description of the displayed items. Example Console#show bridge-ext Max support VLAN numbers: Max support VLAN ID: Extended multicast filtering services: No Static entry individual port:...
Page 485: Show Gvrp Configuration
Example Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport gvrp Console(config-if)# show gvrp configuration This command shows if GVRP is enabled. Syntax show gvrp configuration [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Always unit 1) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-30) •...
Page 486: Show Garp Timer
OMMAND NTERFACE Ranges: join: 20-1000 centiseconds leave: 60-3000 centiseconds leaveall: 500-18000 centiseconds Default Setting • join: 20 centiseconds • leave: 60 centiseconds • leaveall: 1000 centiseconds Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • Group Address Registration Protocol is used by GVRP and GMRP to register or deregister client attributes for client services within a bridged LAN.
Page 487: Priority Commands
Priority Commands The commands described in this section allow you to specify which data packets have greater precedence when traffic is buffered in the switch due to congestion. This switch supports CoS with eight priority queues for each port. Data packets in a port’s high-priority queue will be transmitted before those in the lower-priority queues.
Page 488: Priority Commands (Layer 2)
OMMAND NTERFACE Command Groups Priority (Layer 2) Priority (Layer 3 and 4) Maps IP DSCP tags to class of service values Priority Commands (Layer 2) Command queue mode switchport priority default queue bandwidth queue cos map show queue mode show queue bandwidth show queue cos-map Shows the class-of-service map show interfaces...
Page 489: Switchport Priority Default
Global Configuration Command Usage You can set the switch to service the queues based on a strict rule that requires all traffic in a higher priority queue to be processed before lower priority queues are serviced, or use Weighted Round-Robin (WRR) queuing that specifies a relative weight of each queue.
Page 490 If the incoming frame is an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagged frame, the IEEE 802.1p User Priority bits will be used. • This switch provides eight priority queues for each port. It is configured to use Weighted Round Robin, which can be viewed with the show queue bandwidth command.
Page 491: Queue Bandwidth
queue bandwidth This command assigns weighted round-robin (WRR) weights to the eight class of service (CoS) priority queues. Use the no form to restore the default weights. Syntax queue bandwidth weight1...weight4 no queue bandwidth weight1...weight4 - The ratio of weights for queues 0 - 3 determines the weights used by the WRR scheduler.
Page 492: Table 4-62 Default Cos Priority Levels
0 to 7, where 7 is the highest priority. Default Setting This switch supports Class of Service by using eight priority queues, with Weighted Round Robin queuing for each port. Eight separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802.1p. The default priority levels are assigned according to recommendations in the IEEE 802.1p...
Page 493: Table 4-60 Priority Commands
Example The following example shows how to change the CoS assignments to a one-to-one mapping. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#queue cos-map 0 0 Console(config-if)#queue cos-map 1 1 Console(config-if)#queue cos-map 2 2 Console(config-if)#exit Console#show queue cos-map ethernet 1/1 Information of Eth 1/1 Traffic Class : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Priority Queue: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Console#...
Page 494 OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show queue bandwidth Information of Eth 1/1 Queue ID Weight -------- ------ show queue cos-map This command shows the class of service priority map. Syntax show queue cos-map [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit.
Page 495: Priority Commands (Layer 3 And 4)
Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) Table 4-63 Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) Command map ip dscp map ip dscp map access-list ip show map ip dscp show map access-list map ip dscp (Global Configuration) This command enables IP DSCP mapping (i.e., Differentiated Services Code Point mapping).
Page 496: Table 4-64 Mapping Ip Dscp To Cos Values
OMMAND NTERFACE map ip dscp (Interface Configuration) This command sets IP DSCP priority (i.e., Differentiated Services Code Point priority). Use the no form to restore the default table. Syntax map ip dscp dscp-value cos cos-value no map ip dscp • dscp-value - 8-bit DSCP value. (Range: 0-255) •...
Page 497: Show Map Ip Dscp
Example The following example shows how to map IP DSCP value 1 to CoS value 0. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5 Console(config-if)#map ip dscp 1 cos 0 Console(config-if)# show map ip dscp This command shows the IP DSCP priority map. Syntax show map ip dscp [interface] interface •...
Page 498: Table 4-65 Multicast Filtering Commands
(Interface Configuration) (4 -238) Multicast Filtering Commands This switch uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to query for any attached hosts that want to receive a specific multicast service. It identifies the ports containing hosts requesting a service and sends data out to those ports only.
Page 499: Multicast Filtering Commands
Shows the IGMP snooping and query show mac-address-table multicast ip igmp snooping This command enables IGMP snooping on this switch. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] ip igmp snooping Default Setting Enabled...
Page 500: Ip Igmp Snooping Vlan Static
OMMAND NTERFACE ip igmp snooping vlan static This command adds a port to a multicast group. Use the no form to remove the port. Syntax [no] ip igmp snooping vlan vlan-id static ip-address interface • vlan-id - VLAN ID (Range: 1-4093) •...
Page 501: Ip Igmp Snooping Version
• All systems on the subnet must support the same version. If there are legacy devices in your network that only support Version 1, you will also have to configure this switch to use Version 1. • Some commands are only enabled for IGMPv2, including ip igmp query-max-response-time and ip igmp query-timeout.
Page 502 OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage See “Configuring IGMP Snooping and Query Parameters” on page 3-199 for a description of the displayed items. Example The following shows the current IGMP snooping configuration: Console#show ip igmp snooping Service status: Querier status: Query count: Query interval: Query max response time: 10 sec Router port expire time: 300 sec...
Page 503: Igmp Query Commands (Layer 2)
This command enables the switch as an IGMP querier. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] ip igmp snooping querier Default Setting Enabled Command Mode...
Page 504 OMMAND NTERFACE If enabled, the switch will serve as querier if elected. The querier is responsible for asking hosts if they want to receive multicast traffic. Example Console(config)#ip igmp snooping querier Console(config)# ip igmp snooping query-count This command configures the query count. Use the no form to restore the default.
Page 505 This command configures the query interval. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax ip igmp snooping query-interval seconds no ip igmp snooping query-interval seconds - The frequency at which the switch sends IGMP host-query messages. (Range: 60-125) Default Setting 125 seconds Command Mode...
Page 506 Global Configuration Command Usage • The switch must be using IGMPv2 for this command to take effect. • This command defines the time after a query, during which a response is expected from a multicast client. If a querier has sent a number of...
Page 507: Static Multicast Routing Commands
Default Setting 300 seconds Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The switch must use IGMPv2 for this command to take effect. Example The following shows how to configure the default timeout to 300 seconds. Console(config)#ip igmp snooping router-port-expire-time 300 Console(config)#...
Page 508: Show Ip Igmp Snooping Mrouter
Depending on your network connections, IGMP snooping may not always be able to locate the IGMP querier. Therefore, if the IGMP querier is a known multicast router/switch connected over the network to an interface (port or trunk) on your router, you can manually configure that interface to join all the current multicast groups.
Page 509: Ip Interface Commands
Console# IP Interface Commands An IP addresses may be used for management access to the switch over your network. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. You can manually configure a specific IP address, or direct the device to obtain an address from a BOOTP or DHCP server when it is powered on.
Page 510 • You can start broadcasting BOOTP or DHCP requests by entering an ip dhcp restart command, or by rebooting the switch. Note: Only one VLAN interface can be assigned an IP address (the default is VLAN 1). This defines the management VLAN,...
Page 511: Ip Dhcp Restart
If you assign an IP address to any other VLAN, the new IP address overrides the original IP address and this becomes the new management VLAN. Example In the following example, the device is assigned an address in VLAN 1.
Page 512 Dhcp. Console# Related Commands ip address (4 -252) ip default-gateway This command establishes a static route between this switch and devices that exist on another network segment. Use the no form to remove the static route. Syntax ip default-gateway gateway...
Page 513: Show Ip Interface
Related Commands show ip redirects (4 -255) show ip interface This command displays the settings of an IP interface. Default Setting All interfaces Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show ip interface IP address and netmask: 192.168.1.54 255.255.255.0 on VLAN 1, and address mode: User specified.
Page 514 • size - Number of bytes in a packet. (Range: 32-512, default: 32) The actual packet size will be eight bytes larger than the size specified because the switch adds header information. • count - Number of packets to send. (Range: 1-16, default: 5) Default Setting This command has no default for the host.
Page 515: Dns Commands
This switch can be configured to relay DHCP client configuration requests to a DHCP server on another network, or you can configure this switch to provide DHCP service directly to any client. Command...
Page 516: Table 4-70 Dns Commands
OMMAND NTERFACE Command ip domain-name ip domain-list ip name-server ip domain-lookup Enables DNS-based host name-to-address show hosts show dns show dns cache clear dns cache ip host This command creates a static entry in the DNS table that maps a host name to an IP address.
Page 517: Clear Host
Command Usage Servers or other network devices may support one or more connections via multiple IP addresses. If more than one IP address is associated with a host name using this command, a DNS client can try each address in succession, until it establishes a connection with the target device.
Page 518 OMMAND NTERFACE ip domain-name This command defines the default domain name appended to incomplete host names (i.e., host names passed from a client that are not formatted with dotted notation). Use the no form to remove the current domain name. Syntax ip domain-name name no ip domain-name...
Page 519 • When an incomplete host name is received by the DNS server on this switch, it will work through the domain list, appending each domain name in the list to the host name, and checking with the specified name servers for a match.
Page 520 OMMAND NTERFACE ip name-server This command specifies the address of one or more domain name servers to use for name-to-address resolution. Use the no form to remove a name server from this list. Syntax no ip name-server server-address1 [server-address2 … server-address6] •...
Page 521 ip domain-lookup (4 -263) ip domain-lookup This command enables DNS host name-to-address translation. Use the no form to disable DNS. Syntax no ip domain-lookup Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • At least one name server must be specified before you can enable DNS.
Page 522: Show Hosts
OMMAND NTERFACE show hosts This command displays the static host name-to-address mapping table. Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Note that a host name will be displayed as an alias if it is mapped to the same address(es) as a previously configured entry. Console#show hosts Hostname Inet address...
Page 523: Table 4-71 Show Dns Output Description
Example Console#show dns cache FLAG TYPE CNAME CNAME CNAME CNAME CNAME CNAME Console# Table 4-71 Show DNS Output Description Field Description The entry number for each resource record. FLAG The flag is always “4” indicating a cache entry and therefore unreliable.
Page 524 OMMAND NTERFACE 4-266...
Page 525: Software Specifications
PPENDIX OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Software Features Authentication Local, RADIUS, TACACS, Port (802.1X), HTTPS, SSH, Port Security Access Control Lists DHCP Client Port Configuration 1000BASE-T: 10/100 Mbps at half/full duplex, 1000 Mbps at full duplex 1000BASE-SX/LX/LH - 1000 Mbps at full duplex (SFP), 10GBASE-LR/SR - 10 Gbps at full duplex (Module) Flow Control Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3x...
Page 526: Management Features
OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Spanning Tree Algorithm Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, IEEE 802.1s) VLAN Support Up to 255 groups; port-based, protocol-based, or tagged (802.1Q), GVRP for automatic VLAN learning, private VLANs Class of Service Supports eight levels of priority and Weighted Round Robin Queueing (which can be configured by VLAN tag or port),...
Page 527: Standards
RMON Groups 1, 2, 3, 9 (Statistics, History, Alarm, Event) Standards IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and traffic priorities IEEE 802.1p Priority tags IEEE 802.1Q VLAN IEEE 802.1v Protocol-based VLANs IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1X Port Authentication IEEE 802.3-2005 Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet...
Page 528 OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Ether-like MIB (RFC 2665) Extended Bridge MIB (RFC 2674) Extensible SNMP Agents MIB (RFC 2742) Forwarding Table MIB (RFC 2096) IGMP MIB (RFC 2933) Interface Group MIB (RFC 2233) Interfaces Evolution MIB (RFC 2863) IP Multicasting related MIBs MAU MIB (RFC 2668) MIB II (RFC 1213) Port Access Entity MIB (IEEE 802.1X)
Page 529: Troubleshooting
IP interface to which it is connected. • If you are trying to connect to the switch via the IP address for a tagged VLAN group, your management station, and the ports connecting intermediate switches in the network, must be configured with the appropriate tag.
Page 530 • Be sure you have generated a public key on the switch, and exported this key to the SSH client. • Be sure you have set up an account on the switch for each SSH user, including user name, authentication level, and password.
Page 531: Using System Logs
Using System Logs If a fault does occur, refer to the Installation Guide to ensure that the problem you encountered is actually caused by the switch. If the problem appears to be caused by the switch, follow these steps: 1. Enable logging.
Page 532 ROUBLESHOOTING...
Page 533: Glossary
Access Control List (ACL) ACLs can limit network traffic and restrict access to certain users or devices by checking each packet for certain IP or MAC (i.e., Layer 2) information. Boot Protocol (BOOTP) BOOTP used to provide bootup information for network devices, including IP address information, the address of the TFTP server that contains the devices system files, and the name of the boot file.
Page 534 EAPOL is a client authentication protocol used by this switch to verify the network access rights for any device that is plugged into the switch. A user name and password is requested by the switch, and then passed to an authentication server (e.g., RADIUS) for verification.
Page 535 An IEEE standard for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) which provides independent spanning trees for VLAN groups. IEEE 802.1X Port Authentication controls access to the switch ports by requiring users to first enter a user ID and password for authentication. IEEE 802.3ac Defines frame extensions for VLAN tagging.
Page 536: Ip Multicast Filtering
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) A protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services. If there is more than one multicast switch/router on a given subnetwork, one of the devices is made the “querier” and assumes responsibility for keeping track of group membership.
Page 537: Multicast Switching
Multicast Switching A process whereby the switch filters incoming multicast frames for services for which no attached host has registered, or forwards them to all ports contained within the designated multicast VLAN group.
Page 538: Port Mirroring
10% of that required by the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard. Secure Shell (SSH) A secure replacement for remote access functions, including Telnet. SSH can authenticate users with a cryptographic key, and encrypt data connections between management clients and the switch. Glossary-6...
Page 539 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) A standard host-to-host mail transport protocol that operates over TCP, port 25. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) The application protocol in the Internet suite of protocols which offers network management services. Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) allows a device to set its internal clock based on periodic updates SNTP from a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server.
Page 540 LOSSARY Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) A TCP/IP protocol commonly used for software downloads. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides a datagram mode for packet-switched communications. It uses IP as the underlying transport mechanism to provide access to IP-like services. UDP packets are delivered just like IP packets – connection-less datagrams that may be discarded before reaching their targets.
Page 541: Index
Numerics 802.1x, port authentication 4-103 acceptable frame type 3-174 Access Control List See ACL Extended IP 3-93 4-112 4-116 Standard IP 3-93 4-112 address table 3-132 4-175 aging time 3-135 4-180 BOOTP 3-20 4-252 BPDU 3-137 broadcast storm, threshold 3-121 Class of Service See CoS CLI, showing commands 4-5 command line interface See CLI...
Page 542 NDEX hardware version, displaying 3-14 HTTPS 3-72 4-40 HTTPS, secure server 3-72 IEEE 802.1D 3-136 4-183 IEEE 802.1w 3-136 4-183 IEEE 802.1x 4-103 IGMP groups, displaying 3-204 Layer 2 3-199 4-241 query 3-199 4-245 query, Layer 2 3-200 snooping 3-199 4-241 snooping, configuring 3-199 ingress filtering 3-174...
Page 543 ports autonegotiation 3-104 broadcast storm threshold 3-121 4-156 capabilities 3-104 4-147 duplex mode 3-104 4-145 flow control 3-104 4-148 speed 3-104 4-145 ports, configuring 3-100 ports, mirroring 3-123 4-158 priority, default port ingress 3-187 problems, troubleshooting B-1 protocol migration 3-153 queue weights 3-192 4-233 RADIUS, logon authentication 3-67...
Page 544 NDEX trap manager 2-10 3-47 troubleshooting B-1 trunk configuration 3-106 LACP 3-109 4-164 static 3-107 4-164 upgrading software 3-23 user password 3-66 4-34 –??, VLANs 3-161 4-204 adding static members 3-170 4-213 creating 3-168 4-206 description 3-161 displaying basic information 3-165 4-225 displaying port members 3-166 egress mode 3-175...
Page 546 PRC: Taiwan: Asia Pacific: Korea: Japan: Australia: India: If you are looking for further contact information, please visit www.smc.com. 38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618 Phone: (949) 679-8000 (800) SMC-4-YOU 34-91-352-00-40 44 (0) 871 277 98 02 33 (0) 1 55 64 04 55...

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SMC Networks TigerSwitch SMC8728L2 Management Manual

1 Introduction

2 Initial Configuration

3 Configuring the Switch

4 Command Line Interface

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Summary of Contents for SMC Networks TigerSwitch SMC8728L2