Pentax K110D Operating Manual page 105

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JPEG
An image compression format. Although the image quality deteriorates a
little, images can be compressed to a smaller file size than with TIFF and
other formats.
Lossless rotation
Because JPEG uses irreversible compression (data is lost during
compression), the quality of JPEG images deteriorates when uncompressed,
rotated and then saved. Lossless rotation, however, can be used to rotate
JPEG images without recompressing the data. Exif and other data are
maintained. Images for which lossless rotation is performed are processed as
separate files; the rotated image appears after the image file is saved.
PNG format
Images saved using this format can be compressed to a small file size, but
the reversible compression of this format makes the file size larger than
JPEG. This format is for use with full-color images and prevents quality
loss even when re-edited. PNG files, however, cannot be viewed on older
browsers (Internet Explorer 3.0 or earlier or Internet Explorer 4.5 on
Macintosh). In addition, thumbnail images and image properties cannot be
embedded in the data.
Spurious Color Signal
Occurring in the vicinity of clearly defined lines or fine patterns, this signal
results in the appearance of colors that are not a part of the original subject
or scene. This phenomenon occurs because each individual pixel on
single-plate image sensors (CCD, CMOS, etc.) is capable of reproducing
just one color (Red, Green, or Blue).
sRGB (standard RGB)
An international color space standard defined by IEC (International
Electrotechnical Commission). This is defined from color space for
computer monitors and is also used as the standard color space for Exif.
TIFF-8
A file format for saving image data. Each image is recorded with 8-bit RGB
data for each color. The image is not compressed leaving the file size
large, but no deterioration of image quality occurs.
TIFF-16
Although TIFF images are usually 8-bit, this is a 16-bit TIFF. More computations
are required when image processing as the dynamic range is larger.