Yamaha CDR1000 Owner's Manual page 13

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Chapter 1—Introduction
TOC & PMA
CDs store track and index numbers, track start and end times, and track length infor-
mation in a TOC (Table of Contents), which is read each time a disc is loaded into a CD
player. Since the final TOC cannot be written to disc until all tracks have been recorded,
a temporary table of contents is written to the PMA (Program Memory Area), an area
of the disc reserved specifically for this purpose. Each time a track is recorded, an
updated table of contents is written and the previous one discarded. While the tempo-
rary table of contents is being written, "WAIT" appears on the display and no other
functions can be used. When a partially recorded disc is loaded, the CDR1000 reads the
temporary table of contents to see what's already been recorded and determine the time
available for additional recording. If the disc contains 99 tracks, or less than four sec-
onds of free space, additional recording is not possible, in which case the disc should be
finalized.
PMA writing is an important process, for if the CDR1000 is turned off or the power
accidentally disconnected during PMA writing, the disc may be rendered unusable.
Finalization, Erasure & Compatibility
The finalization process writes the final TOC to disc, so that discs can be played on stan-
dard CD players.
Partially recorded consumer and professional CD-R discs can be played on other con-
sumer and professional CD-R recorders, but cannot be played on standard CD players
until they have been finalized. Once finalized, CD-R discs cannot be used for additional
recording and are fixed for life. Partially recorded consumer and professional CD-R
discs can be recorded on other professional CD-R recorders, but only consumer CD-R
discs can be recorded on consumer CD-R recorders.
Partially recorded consumer and professional CD-RW discs can be played on other
CD-RW recorders, but cannot be played on CD-RW-compatible CD players until they
have been finalized. Unlike CD-R discs, CD-RW discs can be erased. You can erase the
last track, erase the TOC, which allows additional tracks to be recorded, or erase the
entire disc. Partially recorded consumer and professional CD-RW discs can be recorded
on other professional CD-RW recorders, but only consumer CD-RW discs can be
recorded on consumer CD-RW recorders.
Emphasis & the CDR1000
The CDR1000 has no functions for adding or removing emphasis information. When
a digital audio signal containing emphasis information (15 µs/50 µs) is received, the
CDR1000 automatically detects it and records both the audio and emphasis informa-
tion. During playback, emphasis information, if any, is output along with the digital
audio.
CDR1000—Owner's Manual