NEC uPD78F1168 Manuals

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NEC uPD78F1168 User Manual

NEC uPD78F1168 User Manual (964 pages)

16-bit Single-Chip

Brand: NEC | Category: Microcontrollers | Size: 5 MB

Table of Contents

Notes for Cmos Devices
3
Table of Contents
8
Pd78F116X) and Expanded- Specification Products
18
Chapter 1 Outline
18
Differences between Conventional-Specification Products
18
Pd78F116Xa)
18
Features
19
Applications
20
Ordering Information
21
Pin Configuration (Top View)
22
78K0R/Kx3 Microcontroller Lineup
25
Block Diagram
26
Outline of Functions
27
Chapter 2 Pin Functions
29
Pin Function List
29
Non-Port Functions
32
Description of Pin Functions
35
P00 to P06 (Port 0)
35
P10 to P17 (Port 1)
36
P20 to P27 (Port 2)
37
P30, P31 (Port 3)
37
P40 to P47 (Port 4)
38
P50 to P57 (Port 5)
39
P60 to P67 (Port 6)
40
P70 to P77 (Port 7)
40
P80 to P87 (Port 8)
41
P110, P111 (Port 11)
41
P120 to P124 (Port 12)
41
P130, P131 (Port 13)
42
P140 to P145 (Port 14)
43
P150 to P157 (Port 15)
44
Av Ref0
44
Av Ref1
45
Av Ss
45
Reset
45
Regc
45
VDD , Ev Dd0 , Ev Dd1
46
Vss , Ev Ss0 , Ev Ss1
46
Flmd0
46
Pin I/O Circuits and Recommended Connection of Unused Pins
47
Chapter 3 Cpu Architecture
52
Memory Space
52
Nternal Program Memory Space
62
Mirror Area
64
Internal Data Memory Space
65
Special Function Register (SFR) Area
66
Extended Special Function Register (2Nd SFR: 2Nd Special Function Register) Area
66
Data Memory Addressing
67
Processor Registers
74
Control Registers
74
General-Purpose Registers
76
And CS Registers
78
Special Function Registers (Sfrs)
79
Extended Special Function Registers (2Nd Sfrs: 2Nd Special Function Registers)
85
Instruction Address Addressing
91
Relative Addressing
91
Immediate Addressing
91
Register Direct Addressing
93
Addressing for Processing Data Addresses
94
Implied Addressing
94
Register Addressing
94
Direct Addressing
95
Short Direct Addressing
96
SFR Addressing
97
Register Indirect Addressing
98
Based Addressing
99
Based Indexed Addressing
102
Stack Addressing
103
Chapter 4 Port Functions
104
Port Functions
104
Port Configuration
107
Port 0
108
Port 1
114
Port 12
114
Port 2
120
Port 3
122
Port 4
123
Port 5
132
Port 6
134
Port 7
137
Port 8
138
Port 11
139
Port 13
143
Port 14
145
Port 15
149
Registers Controlling Port Function
150
Port Function Operations
157
Writing to I/O Port
157
Reading from I/O Port
157
Operations on I/O Port
157
Connecting to External Device with Different Potential (2.5V, 3 V)
158
Settings of Port Mode Register and Output Latch When Using Alternate Function
160
Cautions on 1-Bit Manipulation Instruction for Port Register N (Pn)
163
Chapter 5 External Bus Interface
164
Functions of External Bus Interface
164
Registers Controlling External Bus Interface Functions
170
Setting Port Mode Register and Output Latch
173
Number of Instruction Wait Clocks for Data Access
174
Number of Instruction Execution Clocks and Instruction Wait Clocks for Fetch Access
174
Number of Instruction Wait Clocks for External Wait Pin
175
Timing of External Bus Interface Function
176
Multiplexed Bus Mode
177
Separate Bus Mode
181
Example of Connection to Memory
185
Connection of External Logic (ASIC, Etc.)
185
Connection of Synchronous Memory
185
Connection of Asynchronous Memory
186
Chapter 6 Clock Generator
187
Functions of Clock Generator
187
Configuration of Clock Generator
188
Registers Controlling Clock Generator
190
Oscillation Stabilization Time Counter Status Register (OSTC)
193
System Clock Control Register (CKC)
197
System Clock Oscillator
204
X1 Oscillator
204
XT1 Oscillator
204
Internal High-Speed Oscillator
207
Internal Low-Speed Oscillator
207
Prescaler
207
Clock Generator Operation
208
Example of Controlling Subsystem Clock)
209
Controlling Clock
212
Example of Controlling High-Speed System Clock
212
Electrical Specifications
213
Example of Controlling Internal High-Speed Oscillation Clock
215
Example of Controlling Subsystem Clock
217
Example of Controlling Internal Low-Speed Oscillation Clock
219
CPU Clock Status Transition Diagram
220
Condition before Changing CPU Clock and Processing after Changing CPU Clock
225
Time Required for Switchover of CPU Clock and Main System Clock
227
Conditions before Clock Oscillation Is Stopped
228
Chapter 7 Timer Array Unit
229
Functions of Timer Array Unit
229
Functions of each Channel When It Operates Independently
229
Functions of each Channel When It Operates with Another Channel
230
LIN-Bus Supporting Function (Channel 7 Only)
230
Configuration of Timer Array Unit
231
Registers Controlling Timer Array Unit
236
Channel Output (To0N Pin) Control
257
To0N Pin Output Circuit Configuration
257
To0N Pin Output Setting
258
Cautions on Channel Output Operation
258
Collective Manipulation of To0N Bits
262
Timer Interrupt and To0N Pin Output at Count Operation Start
263
Channel Input (Ti0N Pin) Control
264
Ti0N Edge Detector
264
Basic Function of Timer Array Unit
265
Overview of Single-Operation Function and Combination Operation Function
265
Basic Rules of Combination Operation Function
265
Applicable Range of Basic Rules of Combination Operation Function
266
Operation of Timer Array Unit as Independent Channel
267
Operation as Interval Timer/Square Wave Output
267
Operation as External Event Counter
273
Operation as Frequency Divider (Channel 0 Only)
276
Operation as Input Pulse Interval Measurement
280
Operation as Input Signal High-/Low-Level Width Measurement
284
Operation of Plural Channels of Timer Array Unit
288
Operation as PWM Function
288
Operation as One-Shot Pulse Output Function
295
Operation as Multiple PWM Output Function
302
Chapter 8 Real-Time Counter
309
Functions of Real-Time Counter
309
Configuration of Real-Time Counter
309
Registers Controlling Real-Time Counter
311
Watch Error Correction Register (SUBCUD)
323
Real-Time Counter Operation
326
Starting Operation of Real-Time Counter
326
Shifting to STOP Mode after Starting Operation
327
Reading/Writing Real-Time Counter
328
Setting Alarm of Real-Time Counter
330
Hz Output of Real-Time Counter
331
Khz Output of Real-Time Counter
331
512 Hz, 16.384 Khz Output of Real-Time Counter
331
Example of Watch Error Correction of Real-Time Counter
332
Chapter 9 Watchdog Timer
337
Functions of Watchdog Timer
337
Configuration of Watchdog Timer
338
Register Controlling Watchdog Timer
339
Operation of Watchdog Timer
340
Controlling Operation of Watchdog Timer
340
Setting Overflow Time of Watchdog Timer
341
Setting Window Open Period of Watchdog Timer
342
Setting Watchdog Timer Interval Interrupt
343
Chapter 10 Clock Output/Buzzer Output Controller
344
Functions of Clock Output/Buzzer Output Controller
344
Configuration of Clock Output/Buzzer Output Controller
345
Registers Controlling Clock Output/Buzzer Output Controller
345
Operations of Clock Output/Buzzer Output Controller
347
Operation as Output Pin
347
Chapter 11 A/D Converter
348
Function of A/D Converter
348
Configuration of A/D Converter
349
Registers Used in A/D Converter
351
A/D Converter Operations
360
Basic Operations of A/D Converter
360
Input Voltage and Conversion Results
362
A/D Converter Operation Mode
363
Temperature Sensor Function
365
( Μ Pd78F116Xa) Only)
365
Configuration of Temperature Sensor
365
Registers Used by Temperature Sensors
366
Temperature Sensor Operation
368
Procedures for Using Temperature Sensors
370
How to Read A/D Converter Characteristics Table
373
Cautions for A/D Converter
375
Chapter 12 D/A Converter
380
Function of D/A Converter
380
Configuration of D/A Converter
380
Registers Used in D/A Converter
382
Operation of D/A Converter
385
Operation in Normal Mode
385
Operation in Real-Time Output Mode
386
Cautions
387
Chapter 13 Serial Array Unit
388
Functions of Serial Array Unit
388
3-Wire Serial I/O (CSI00, CSI01, CSI10, CSI20)
388
Uart (Uart0, Uart1, Uart2, Uart3)
389
Simplified I C (IIC10, IIC20)
390
Configuration of Serial Array Unit
391
Registers Controlling Serial Array Unit
396
Serial Mode Register Mn (Smrmn)
399
Serial Communication Operation Setting Register Mn (Scrmn)
401
Serial Status Register Mn (Ssrmn)
405
Operation Stop Mode
418
Stopping the Operation by Units
418
Stopping the Operation by Channels
419
Operation of 3-Wire Serial I/O (CSI00, CSI01, CSI10, CSI20) Communication
421
Master Transmission
422
Chapter 30 Electrical Specifications ((A) Grade Products))
422
Register Setting
423
Operation Procedure
424
Master Reception
431
Master Transmission/Reception
439
Slave Transmission
447
Slave Reception
456
Slave Transmission/Reception
462
Calculating Transfer Clock Frequency
471
Procedure for Processing Errors that Occurred During 3-Wire Serial I/O (CSI00, CSI01, CSI10, CSI20) Communication
473
Operation of UART (UART0, UART1, UART2, UART3) Communication
474
UART Transmission
475
Chapter 30 Electrical Specifications ((A) Grade Products))
475
Register Setting
476
Operation Procedure
478
UART Reception
485
Processing Flow
490
LIN Transmission
492
LIN Reception
495
Calculating Baud Rate
500
Procedure for Processing Errors that Occurred During UART (UART0, UART1, UART2, UART3) Communication
504
Operation of Simplified I 2 C (IIC10, IIC20) Communication
505
Address Field Transmission
506
Register Setting
507
Processing Flow
509
Data Transmission
511
Data Reception
514
Stop Condition Generation
518
Calculating Transfer Rate
519
Procedure for Processing Errors that Occurred During Simplified I 2 C (IIC10, IIC20) Communication
522
Relationship between Register Settings and Pins
523
Chapter 14 Serial Interface Iic0
530
Functions of Serial Interface IIC0
530
Configuration of Serial Interface IIC0
533
Registers to Controlling Serial Interface IIC0
536
I C Bus Mode Functions
548
Pin Configuration
548
I C Bus Definitions and Control Methods
549
Start Conditions
549
Addresses
550
Transfer Direction Specification
550
Transfer Clock Setting Method
551
Acknowledge (ACK)
552
Stop Condition
554
Wait
555
Canceling Wait
557
Interrupt Request (INTIIC0) Generation Timing and Wait Control
558
Address Match Detection Method
559
Error Detection
559
Extension Code
559
Arbitration
560
Wakeup Function
561
Communication Reservation
562
Cautions
566
Communication Operations
567
Master Operation in Single-Master System
568
Timing of I 2 C Interrupt Request (INTIIC0) Occurrence
575
Timing Charts
596
Chapter 15 Multiplier
603
Functions of Multiplier
603
Configuration of Multiplier
604
Operation of Multiplier
605
Chapter 16 Dma Controller
606
Functions of DMA Controller
606
Configuration of DMA Controller
607
Registers Controlling DMA Controller
610
Operation of DMA Controller
614
Operation Procedure
614
Transfer Mode
616
Termination of DMA Transfer
616
Example of Setting of DMA Controller
617
CSI Consecutive Transmission
617
CSI Master Reception
619
CSI Transmission/Reception
621
Consecutive Capturing of A/D Conversion Results
623
UART Consecutive Reception + ACK Transmission
625
Holding DMA Transfer Pending by Dwaitn
627
Forced Termination by Software
628
Cautions on Using DMA Controller
630
Chapter 17 Interrupt Functions
633
Interrupt Function Types
633
Interrupt Sources and Configuration
633
Registers Controlling Interrupt Functions
638
Interrupt Servicing Operations
648
Maskable Interrupt Acknowledgment
648
Software Interrupt Request Acknowledgment
650
Multiple Interrupt Servicing
651
Interrupt Request Hold
654
Chapter 18 Key Interrupt Function
655
Functions of Key Interrupt
655
Configuration of Key Interrupt
655
Register Controlling Key Interrupt
656
Chapter 19 Standby Function
657
Standby Function and Configuration
657
Standby Function
657
Registers Controlling Standby Function
657
Standby Function Operation
660
HALT Mode
660
STOP Mode
665
Chapter 20 Reset Function
672
Register for Confirming Reset Source
680
Chapter 21 Power-On-Clear Circuit
681
Functions of Power-On-Clear Circuit
681
Configuration of Power-On-Clear Circuit
682
Operation of Power-On-Clear Circuit
682
Low-Voltage Detector)
683
Cautions for Power-On-Clear Circuit
685
Chapter 22 Low-Voltage Detector
687
Functions of Low-Voltage Detector
687
Configuration of Low-Voltage Detector
688
Registers Controlling Low-Voltage Detector
688
Operation of Low-Voltage Detector
693
When Used as Reset
694
Reset Function
695
When Used as Interrupt
700
Cautions for Low-Voltage Detector
706
Chapter 23 Regulator
710
Regulator Overview
710
Registers Controlling Regulator
710
Chapter 24 Option Byte
712
Functions of Option Bytes
712
User Option Byte (000C0H to 000C2H/010C0H to 010C2H)
712
On-Chip Debug Option Byte (000C3H/ 010C3H)
713
Format of User Option Byte
713
Format of On-Chip Debug Option Byte
715
Setting of Option Byte
716
Chapter 25 Flash Memory
717
Writing with Flash Memory Programmer
717
Programming Environment
721
Communication Mode
721
Connection of Pins on Board
722
FLMD0 Pin
722
TOOL0 Pin
723
RESET Pin
723
Port Pins
724
REGC Pin
724
X1 and X2 Pins
724
Power Supply
724
Registers that Control Flash Memory
724
Programming Method
725
Controlling Flash Memory
725
Flash Memory Programming Mode
725
Selecting Communication Mode
726
Communication Commands
726
Security Settings
728
Processing Time of each Command When Using PG-FP4 or PG-FP5 (Reference Values)
730
Flash Memory Programming by Self-Programming
731
Boot Swap Function
733
Flash Shield Window Function
735
Chapter 26 On-Chip Debug Function
736
Connecting QB-MINI2 to 78K0R/KG3
736
On-Chip Debug Security ID
737
Securing of User Resources
737
Chapter 27 Bcd Correction Circuit
739
BCD Correction Circuit Function
739
Registers Used by BCD Correction Circuit
739
BCD Correction Circuit Operation
740
Chapter 28 Instruction Set
742
Conventions Used in Operation List
743
Operand Identifiers and Specification Methods
743
Description of Operation Column
744
Description of Flag Operation Column
745
PREFIX Instruction
745
Operation List
746
Chapter 29 Electrical Specifications (Standard Products)
763
Absolute Maximum Ratings
763
Internal Oscillator Characteristics
766
Recommended Oscillator Constants
768
Basic Operation
789
External Bus Interface
795
Clock Output)
810
A/D Converter Characteristics
820
Temperature Sensor
822
Flash Memory Programming Characteristics
826
Chapter 30 Electrical Specifications ((A) Grade Products)
827
Absolute Maximum Ratings
827
Basic Operation
853
Clock Output)
873
Chapter 31 Package Drawings
889
Chapter 32 Recommended Soldering Conditions
891
Appendix A Development Tools
893
Software Package
896
Language Processing Software
896
Control Software
897
Flash Memory Programming Tools
897
When Using Flash Memory Programmers PG-FP5, FL-PR5, PG-FP4 and FL-PR4
897
When Using On-Chip Debug Emulator with Programming Function QB-MINI2
898
Debugging Tools (Hardware)
898
When Using In-Circuit Emulator QB-78K0RKX3
898
When Using On-Chip Debug Emulator with Programming Function QB-MINI2
899
Debugging Tools (Software)
899
Appendix B List of Cautions
900
Appendix C Revision History
935
Major Revisions in this Edition
935
Revision History of Preceding Editions
940

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