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Manuals and User Guides for Keysight E1445A. We have
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Keysight E1445A manual available for free PDF download: User's Manual And Scpi Programming Manual
Keysight E1445A User's Manual And Scpi Programming Manual (538 pages)
Arbitrary Function Generator Module
Brand:
Keysight
| Category:
Control Unit
| Size: 6.18 MB
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
7
1 Getting Started
21
Chapter Contents
21
Preparation for Use
22
Vxibus Factory Settings
22
The AFG Logical Address
23
Addressing the AFG (External Controller and PC)
24
Setting the AFG Servant Area
25
The AFG Bus Request Level
26
AFG Installation in a Mainframe
27
Instrument Language (SCPI)
29
SCPI Programming
29
Command Coupling
30
Executing Coupled Commands
31
Program Languages
32
Example Program CD
32
BASIC Language Programs
32
Visual BASIC Language Programs Using Keysight SICL
34
Visual C/C++ Language Programs Using Keysight SICL
40
Introductory Programs
46
AFG Self-Test
46
Resetting and Clearing the AFG
47
Querying the Power-On/Reset Configuration
48
Checking for Errors
49
Generating Sine Waves
50
2 Generating Standard Waveforms
53
Chapter Contents
53
Standard Waveforms Flowchart
54
Generating DC Voltages
56
Generating Sine Waves
58
Generating Square Waves
61
Generating Triangle/Ramp Waves
65
Selecting the Output Loads
69
Selecting the Amplitude Levels and Output Units
72
Using Phase Modulation
75
Standard Waveform Program Comments
79
Sinusoid Function Requirements
79
Reference Oscillator Sources
79
DDS Frequency Generator Ranges
80
Number of Points Versus Frequency
80
Output Load Comments
80
Output Units Comments
81
Selecting the Deviation Units for Phase Modulation
81
Using Minimum and Maximum Parameters
81
3 Generating Arbitrary Waveforms
83
Chapter Contents
83
Arbitrary Waveforms Flowchart
84
How the AFG Generates Arbitrary Waveforms
86
Generating a Simple Arbitrary Waveform
88
Executing Several Waveform Segments
93
Using Different Frequency Generators
98
Sample Programs
103
Generating a sin(X)/X Waveform
103
Generating a Damped Sine Wave
105
Generating an Exponential Charge/Discharge Waveform
107
Generating a Sine Wave with Spikes
108
Generating a 1/2 Rectified Sine Wave
110
Generating Noise
111
Arbitrary Waveform Program Comments
113
Determining the Amount of Segment and Sequence Memory
113
How to Free Segment and Sequence Memory
113
Amplitude Effects on Voltage Lists
113
Using DAC Codes to Send Segment Data
114
Sending Segment Sequences
114
Reference Oscillator Sources
114
Sample Sources
115
Frequency1 Generator Range
115
Returning the Waveform Segment Names
116
Determining the Waveform Segment Size
116
Returning the Segment Sequence List Names
116
Returning the Repetition Count List Length
116
4 Sweeping and Frequency-Shift Keying
117
Chapter Contents
117
FSK Programming Flowchart
119
FSK Command Reference
121
Sweeping and Frequency Lists
121
Sweeping Using Start and Stop Frequencies
121
Specifying a Frequency List
124
Sweeping Using Start and Span Frequencies
126
Frequency Lists Using Definite and Indefinite Length Arbitrary Blocks
129
Logarithmic Sweeping
132
Sweep Points Versus Time
134
Frequency Lists Versus Time
136
Sweeping Arbitrary Waveforms
138
AC Output Leveling
142
Frequency-Shift Keying
145
FSK Using the "FSK" Control Source
145
FSK Using the Ttltrg<N> Control Source
148
FSK Using an Arbitrary Waveform
150
Sweeping and FSK Program Comments
153
Reference Oscillator Sources
153
Sample Sources
153
AFG Frequency Modes
154
Frequency Range: Sweeping and Sampling
154
Frequency Range: Frequency Lists and FSK
154
Sweep Count and Frequency List Repetition Count
155
Arbitrary Block Data
155
Frequency Points
156
Sweep Spacing
156
Sweep Direction
156
Sweep Time
157
Output Frequency and Sample Rate
159
AC Leveling
159
FSK Control Sources
160
Frequency-Shift Delay
160
Driving the Ttltrg<N> Trigger Lines
161
5 Arming and Triggering
163
Chapter Contents
163
The ARM-TRIG Configuration
164
The ARM-TRIG States
164
Initiating Waveforms
165
Arming the AFG
165
Arming Commands
165
Setting Arming Sources
166
Setting the Arm and Waveform Cycle Count
169
Triggering the AFG
172
Triggering Commands
172
Using the Divide-By-N Frequency Generator
173
Lock-Stepping Multiple Afgs
176
Using Stop Triggers
180
Gating Trigger Signals
183
Arming and Triggering Frequency Sweeps and Lists
186
Frequency Sweeps Using Triggers
186
Arming and Triggering a Frequency Sweep
189
Arming and Triggering a Frequency List
192
Aborting Waveforms
195
Using Abort, Stop Triggers, or Gating
195
Arming and Triggering Program Comments
197
Reference Oscillator Sources
197
AFG Frequency Synthesis Modes
197
Divide-By-N Frequency Synthesis
198
AFG Frequency Modes
198
AFG Arming Sources
198
AFG Arm Count
199
Waveform Repetition Count
199
Stop Trigger Sources
199
External Stop Trigger Slope
199
AFG Gating Sources
200
AFG Gate Polarity
200
Enabling the Gate
200
Frequency Sweep/List Arming
200
Frequency Sweep/List Advance Trigger
201
6 Marker Outputs/Multiple AFG Operations
203
Chapter Contents
203
Marker Pulse Enable Flowchart
204
Available Marker Sources
205
Arbitrary Generated Marker Pulses
206
Generating Marker Pulses for Arbitrary Waveforms
206
Generating Multiple Marker Pulses in Multiple Segment Lists
206
Generating Single Marker Pulses in Single Waveform Segments
211
Generating Marker Pulses for each Waveform Point
214
Operating Multiple Afgs Together
218
Marker Program Comments
223
Determining the Number of Marker Points of a Waveform Segment
223
Determining the Number of Marker Points of a Segment Sequence
223
Chapter Contents
225
7 High Speed Operation
226
Data Transfer Methods and Speed Comparisons
226
Using Signed Data to Generate Waveforms
227
Using the Signed Number Format
227
Using Unsigned Data to Generate Waveforms
231
Using the Unsigned Number Format
231
Using Definite Length Arbitrary Blocks to Transfer Data
234
Definite Length Block Data Format
234
Data Byte Size
234
Using Indefinite Length Arbitrary Blocks to Transfer Data
238
Indefinite Length Block Data Format
238
Data Byte Size
238
Using Combined Signed Data
242
Combined Segment List Format
242
Using the Combined List with the Signed Number Format
242
Using Combined Unsigned Data
248
Using the Combined List with the Unsigned Number Format
248
Using Combined Waveform Segments and Segment Sequences
253
Combined Segment Sequence List Format
253
Selecting the Waveform Segments
254
Selecting the Marker Enable
254
Selecting the Repetition Count
254
Using the Vxibus Backplane
262
Downloading Segment Data
262
Downloading Segment Data into Memory
262
Combined Segment Sequence List Format
263
Downloading Data Directly into the DAC
272
Using the Front Panel's "Digital Port In" Connector
276
Digital Port In" Connector Pinout
283
Using the "Digital Port In" Connector to Select a Sequence
284
Using the "Digital Port In" Connector to Download Data
285
High Speed Operation Program Comments
286
Amplitude Effects on DAC Codes
286
Incorrect AFG Operation from Incorrect DAC Codes
286
DAC Sources
286
Download Sources
286
Determining the Size of the Combined Segment List
286
Determining the Size of the Combined Segment Sequence List
286
8 Command Reference
287
Chapter Contents
287
Command Types
288
Common Command Format
288
SCPI Command Format
288
Command Separator
289
Abbreviated Commands
289
Implied (Optional) Commands
289
Variable Command Syntax
289
SCPI Command Parameters
290
Parameter Types, Explanations, and Examples
290
Optional Parameters
291
Querying Parameter Settings
291
SCPI Command Execution
292
Command Coupling
292
MIN and MAX Parameters in Coupling Groups
292
Linking Commands
292
Command Choices
293
SCPI Command Reference
294
Abort
295
Subsystem Syntax
295
Arm
296
Subsystem Syntax
296
[:Start][:Layer[1]]:Count
296
[:Start]:Layer2:Count
297
[:Start]:Layer2[:Immediate]
298
[:Start]:Layer2:Slope
298
[:Start]:Layer2:Source
299
Example
300
Sweep:count
300
Sweep[:Immediate]
300
Sweep:link
301
Sweep:source
302
Calibration
304
Subsystem Syntax
304
Count
304
Data:ac[1]
305
Data:ac2
305
Data[:DC]
306
[:DC]:Begin
306
[:DC]:Point
307
Secure:code
308
Secure[:State]
309
State
310
State:ac
310
State:DC
311
Initiate
312
Subsystem Syntax
312
[:Immediate]
312
Output[1]
314
Subsystem Syntax
314
Filter[:Lpass]:Frequency
314
Filter[:Lpass][:State]
315
Impedance
315
Load
316
Load:auto
317
[:State]
317
[Source:]
319
Subsystem Syntax
319
[Source:]Arbitrary
320
Subsystem Syntax
320
Dac:format
320
Dac:source
321
Download
322
Download:complete
325
[Source:]Frequency[1]
327
Subsystem Syntax
327
[Source:]Frequency[1]
328
[:Cw|:Fixed]
329
Fskey
330
Fskey:source
331
Mode
332
Range
333
Span
334
Start
335
Stop
336
[Source:]Frequency2
337
Subsystem Syntax
337
[:CW | :Fixed]
338
[Source:]Function
339
Subsystem Syntax
339
[:Shape]
339
User
341
[Source:]List[1]
342
Subsystem Syntax
342
Format[:Data]
343
[:Segment]:Catalog
344
[:Segment]:Combined
345
[:Segment]:Combined:points
346
[:Segment]:Define
347
[:Segment]:Delete:all
348
[:Segment]:Delete[:Selected]
348
[:Segment]:Free
349
[:Segment]:Marker
350
[:Segment]:Marker:points
351
[:Segment]:Marker:spoint
352
[:Segment]:Select
353
[:Segment]:Voltage
354
[:Segment]:Voltage:dac
355
[:Segment]:Voltage:points
356
Ssequence:address
356
Ssequence:catalog
357
Ssequence:combined
357
Ssequence:combined:points
359
Ssequence:define
359
Ssequence:delete:all
361
Ssequence:delete[:Selected]
361
Ssequence:dwell:count
362
Ssequence:dwell:count:points
363
Ssequence:free
364
Ssequence:marker
364
Ssequence:marker:points
365
Ssequence:marker:spoint
366
Ssequence:select
367
Ssequence:sequence
367
Ssequence:sequence:segments
368
[Source:]List2
369
Subsystem Syntax
369
Format[:Data]
369
Frequency
370
Frequency:points
371
[Source:]Marker
372
Subsystem Syntax
372
Ecltrg<N>:Feed
372
Ecltrg<N>[:State]
374
Feed
374
Polarity
376
[:State]
376
[Source:]Pm
378
Subsystem Syntax
378
[:Deviation]
378
Source
379
State
380
Unit[:Angle]
380
[Source:]Ramp
382
Subsystem Syntax
382
Points
382
Polarity
383
[Source:]Roscillator
384
Subsystem Syntax
384
Frequency:external
384
Source
385
[Source:]Sweep
386
Subsystem Syntax
386
Sweep:count
386
Direction
387
Points
388
Spacing
389
Time
390
[Source:]Voltage
392
Subsystem Syntax
392
[:Level][:Immediate][:Amplitude]
392
[:Level][:Immediate][:Amplitude]:Unit[:Voltage]
394
[:Level][:Immediate]:Offset
395
Status
396
Operation Status Register
396
Questionable Signal Status Register
396
Subsystem Syntax
397
Opc:initiate
397
Operation:condition
398
Operation:enable
398
Operation[:Event]
399
Operation:ntransition
399
Operation:ptransition
400
Preset
401
Questionable:condition
401
Questionable:enable
402
Questionable[:Event]
402
Questionable:ntransition
403
Questionable:ptransition
404
System
405
Subsystem Syntax
405
Error
405
Version
406
Trigger
407
Subsystem Syntax
407
[:Start]:Count
408
[:Start]:Gate:polarity
409
[:Start]:Gate:source
409
[:Start]:Gate:state
410
[:Start][:Immediate]
411
[:Start]:Slope
411
[:Start]:Source
412
Stop[:Immediate]
413
Stop:slope
414
Stop:source
415
Sweep[:Immediate]
416
Sweep:link
417
Sweep:source
417
Sweep:timer
418
Vinstrument
420
Subsystem Syntax
420
[:Configure]:Lbus[:Mode]
420
[:Configure]:Lbus[:Mode]:Auto
421
[:Configure]:Test:configure
422
[:Configure]:Test:data
423
[:Configure]:Vme[:Mode]
423
[:Configure]:Vme:receive:address:data
424
[:Configure]:Vme:receive:address:ready
425
Identity
425
SCPI Command Quick Reference
427
SCPI Conformance Information
432
IEEE-488.2 Common Commands
435
Cls
435
DMC
435
EMC and *EMC
436
ESE and *ESE
436
Esr
437
Gmc
437
Idn
438
Lmc
438
Lrn
439
Opc
439
Pmc
440
PUD and *PUD
440
Rcl
441
Rmc
442
Rst
442
Sav
443
SRE and *SRE
443
Stb
444
Trg
444
Tst
444
Wai
445
Common Commands Quick Reference
446
9 AFG Status
447
Introduction
447
Status System Registers
447
The Questionable Signal Status Group
449
The Operation Status Group
453
The Standard Event Status Group
457
The Status Bytestatus Group
460
10 Block Diagram Description
463
Chapter Contents
463
AFG Description
463
Arbitrary Waveform Description
464
Generating Non-Sinusoid Arbitrary Waveforms
465
Output DAC
465
Memory
466
Reference Oscillator
466
Frequency Generators
466
Trigger Circuitry
468
Output Circuitry
468
Microprocessor
468
Generating Sinusoid Waveforms
469
Output Circuitry Description
470
Attenuator
470
Filter
470
Output Amplifier
470
Offset Circuitry
470
AFG Memory Description
471
A Keysight E1445A Specifications
473
Appendix Contents
473
Memory Characteristics
473
Frequency and Sample Rate Characteristics
474
Amplitude Characteristics
477
Interface Characteristics
479
VXI Ecltrg Functions
480
VXI Ttltrg Functions
480
Front Panel "Digital Port In" Connector
480
Local Bus
481
VME Register Access
481
General Vxibus Characteristics
481
Appendix Contents
483
Example Program Listing
484
Command Coupling Groups
488
Frequency Limits
492
Amplitude Limits
493
Power-On/Reset Configuration
494
Error Messages
499
Settings Conflict Error Messages
504
C Register-Based Programming
507
Appendix Contents
507
System Configuration
508
Accessing the Registers
508
Determining the A24 Base Address
508
Reading the Afg's Offset Register
509
Changing the Output Frequency
511
The Frequency Control Registers
511
The Frequency Load Strobe Register
512
The Sample/Hold and ROSC/N Control Register
512
The ROSC/N Divider Registers
512
Frequency Control Programs
513
Divide-By-N Frequency Control
516
Changing the Signal Phase
519
The Phase Control Registers
519
Phase Control Program
520
Selecting the Waveform Sequence
523
The Waveform Sequence Registers
523
Waveform Sequence Selection Program
525
Loading the DAC from the Vxibus
533
The High Speed Data Register
533
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