Summary of Contents for Photon Focus MV-D1024E-3D01-160
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User Manual MV-D1024E-3D01-160 3D CMOS Camera MAN037 04/2009 V1.1...
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All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by Photonfocus AG for its use. Photonfocus AG reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from Photonfocus AG.
Preface 1.1 About Photonfocus The Swiss company Photonfocus is one of the leading specialists in the development of CMOS image sensors and corresponding industrial cameras for machine vision, security & surveillance and automotive markets. Photonfocus is dedicated to making the latest generation of CMOS technology commercially available.
1 Preface Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from Photonfocus AG. Photonfocus can not be held responsible for any technical or typographical er- rors. 1.5 Legend In this documentation the reader’s attention is drawn to the following icons: Important note Alerts and additional information...
® How to get started (CameraLink Install a suitable frame grabber in your PC. To find a compliant frame grabber, please see the frame grabber compatibility list at www.photonfocus.com. Install the frame grabber software. Without installed frame grabber software the camera configuration tool PFRe- mote will not be able to communicate with the camera.
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® 2 How to get started (CameraLink The sensor has no cover glass, therefore dust on the sensor surface may resemble to clusters or extended regions of dead pixel. To choose a lens, see the Lens Finder in the ’Support’ area at www.photonfocus.com.
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Download the camera software PFRemote to your computer. You can find the latest version of PFRemote on the support page at www.photonfocus.com. Install the camera software PFRemote. Please follow the instructions of the PFRemote setup wizard. Figure 2.3: Screen shot PFremote setup wizard 10.
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® 2 How to get started (CameraLink 13. The installation procedure and the system configuration of a suitable PCI Express framegrabber needed to operate the 3D Suite from Photonfocus is covered in separate documentations. You can find more detailled instructions in the application note AN028 "3D Sys- tem Configuration"...
Product Specification 3.1 Introduction The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 is a CMOS camera from Photonfocus optimized in two aspects for laser triangulation applications. The camera includes an image processing module, that runs an algorithm called Peak Detector. The Peak Detector algorithm is able to compute with sub-pixel accurracy the peak position of a laser line.
Figure 3.1: Triangulation principle with objects moved on a conveyor belt 3.2 Feature Overview The general specification and features of the camera are listed in the following sections. The detailed description of the camera features is given in Chapter 4. MV-D1024E-3D01-160 Interfaces CameraLink base configuration Camera Control PFRemote (Windows GUI) or programming library Configuration Interface...
12 bit / 10 bit / 8 bit Digital Gain x1 / x2 / x4 Exposure Time 10 µs ... 0.41 s Table 3.2: General specification of the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera MV-D1024E-3D01-160 Exposure Time Increment 25 ns Frame Rate ( T = 10 µs)
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3 Product Specification MV-D1024E-3D01-160 Operating temperature 0°C ... 50°C Camera power supply +12 V DC (±10%) Trigger signal input range +5 .. +15 V DC Strobe signal power supply +5 .. +15 V DC Strobe signal sink current (average) max. 8 mA Maximum power consumption 3.7 W...
9 (MSB of 10 Bit) 11 (MSB of 12 Bit) Table 3.6: CameraLink port and bit assignments for the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera The output of grey values is listed in Table 3.6. 3D data are assigned in the bits [7:0]. For further information see Section 4.8.3.
4.1 Image Acquisition 4.1.1 Readout Modes The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera provides two different readout modes: Sequential readout: Frame time is the sum of exposure time and readout time. Exposure time of the next image can only start if the readout time of the current image is finished.
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4 Functionality f p s = 1 / r e a d o u t t i m e F r a m e r a t e ( f p s ) S i m u l t a n e o u s r e a d o u t m o d e f p s = 1 / e x p o s u r e t i m e S e q u e n t i a l...
Simultaneous readout (interleave exposure): To achieve highest possible frame rates, the camera must be set to "Free-running mode" with simultaneous readout. The camera continuously delivers images as fast as possible. Exposure time of the next image can start during the readout time of the current image. e x p o s u r e n i d l e e x p o s u r e n + 1...
4 Functionality Skimming is not supported in simultaneous readout mode. 4.1.4 Constant Frame Rate (CFR) When the CFR mode is switched on, the frame rate (number of frames per second) can be varied from almost 0 up to the maximum frame rate. Thus, fewer images can be acquired than would otherwise be possible.
4.2.2 Status Line If enabled, the status line replaces the last row of the image with image information. It contains the properties described above and additional information. Every parameter is coded into 4 pixels (LSB first) and uses the lower 8 bits of the pixel value, so that the total size of a parameter is 32 bit.
4 Functionality 4.3 Pixel Response 4.3.1 Linear Response The camera offers a linear response between input light signal and output grey level. This can ® be modified by the use of LinLog or Skimming as described in the following sections. In addition, a linear digital gain may be applied, as follows.
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G r e y V a l u e S a t u r a t i o n 1 0 0 % W e a k c o m p r e s s i o n L i n e a r R e s p o n s e R e s u l t i n g L i n l o g R e s p o n s e...
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4 Functionality LinLog3 To enable more flexibility the LinLog3 mode with 4 parameters was introduced. Fig. 4.14 shows the timing diagram for the LinLog3 mode and the control parameters. L i n L o g e x p V a l u e 1 V a l u e 2 T i m e 1 V a l u e 3 = C o n s t a n t = 0...
4.3.3 Skimming Skimming is a Photonfocus proprietary technology to enhance detail in dark areas of an image. Skimming provides an adjustable level of in-pixel gain for low signal levels. It can be used ® together with LinLog to give a smooth monotonic transfer function from high gain at low levels, through normal linear operation, to logarithmic compression for high signal levels (see Fig.
4 Functionality 4.3.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT) Grey level transformation is remapping of the grey level values of an input image to new values. The look-up table (LUT) is used to convert the greyscale value of each pixel in an image into another grey value.
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Gamma The ’Gamma’ mode performs an exponential amplification, configurable in the range from 0.4 to 4.0. Gamma > 1.0 results in an attenuation of the image (see Fig. 4.18), gamma < 1.0 results in an amplification (see Fig. 4.19). γ γ...
4 Functionality User-defined Look-up Table In the ’User’ mode, the mapping of input to output grey levels can be configured arbitrarily by the user. There is an example file in the PFRemote folder. U s e r L U T y = f ( x ) 8 b i t 1 0 b i t...
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Figure 4.22: LFSR test image In the histogram you can see that the number of pixels of all grey values are the same. Please refer to application note [AN026] for the calculation and the values of the LFSR test image. Troubleshooting using the LFSR To control the quality of your complete imaging system enable the LFSR mode and check the histogram.
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4 Functionality Figure 4.23: LFSR test pattern received at the frame grabber and typical histogram for error-free data transmission Figure 4.24: LFSR test pattern received at the frame grabber and histogram containing transmission errors CameraLink cables contain wire pairs, which are twisted in such a way that the cable impedance matches with the LVDS driver and receiver impedance.
4.4 Image Correction 4.4.1 Overview The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera possesses image pre-processing features, that compensate for non-uniformities caused by the sensor, the lens or the illumination. This method of improving the image quality is generally known as ’Shading Correction’ or ’Flat Field Correction’...
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4 Functionality a v e r a g e o f b l a c k r e f e r e n c e p i c t u r e b l a c k r e f e r e n c e o f f s e t c o r r e c t i o n i m a g e m a t r i x...
h o t n - 1 n + 1 p i x e l n - 1 n + 1 Figure 4.27: Hot pixel interpolation 4.4.3 Gain Correction The gain correction is based on a grey reference image, which is taken at uniform illumination to give an image with a mid grey level.
4 Functionality How to Obtain a Grey Reference Image In order to improve the image quality, the grey reference image must meet certain demands. • The grey reference image must be obtained at uniform illumination. Use a high quality light source that delivers uniform illumination. Standard illu- mination will not be appropriate.
Table 4.3 shows some numerical examples of how the frame rate can be increased by reducing the ROI. To optimize the scan rate of the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 reduce the region of in- terest to the smallest possible setting (see Table 4.3).
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1775 profiles / s 512 x 64 2795 profiles / s 512 x 32 3915 profiles / s Table 4.3: Scan rate of the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 at different ROI settings (exposure time 0.1 ms; CFR off, skimming off and sequential readout mode).
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78 profiles / s 83 profiles / s Table 4.4: Scan rate of the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 at different exposure times, in sequential readout mode and in simultaneous readout mode at 1024 x 128 pixel resolution (CFR off and skimming off). Calculation of the maximum frame rate The frame rate mainly depends of the exposure time and readout time.
Photonfocus website. 4.5.2 Multiple Regions of Interest The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera can handle up to 16 different regions of interest. This feature can be used to reduce the image data and increase the frame rate. The multiple ROIs are joined together and form a single image, which is transferred to the frame grabber.
L a s e r C a m e r a C o n v e y o r b e l t w i t h o b j e c t s Figure 4.32: Multiple Regions of Interest with 2 ROIs 4.5.3 Decimation Decimation reduces the number of pixels in y-direction.
4 Functionality A n y T r i g g e r C a m e r a F r a m e g r a b b e r S o u r c e I n t e r f a c e T r i g g e r D A T A A n y T r i g g e r o p t o...
4.6.4 Trigger Resolution For a succesfull 3D image acquisition it is important to use the encoder pulses from the conveyer belt or a similar device for triggering the image acquisition of the camera. However, it may occur that the delivered encoder pulse frequency exceeds the requirements of the 3D application.
4.8 Additional 3D Functionality 4.8.1 Mode Settings The Peak Detector functionality in the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera can be configured in different modes, depending on what image information should be transfered from the camera to the frame grabber. The following settings can be selected:...
G a u s s i a n s h a p e d l a s e r l i n e Q u a l i t y 0 . 2 Q u a l i t y W i d t h x - d i r e c t i o n Figure 4.36: The peak width is determined by the subtraction of a baseline, that equals 0.2 quality...
Structured light based systems crucially rely on an accurate determination of the peak position of the Gaussian shaped laser line. The Peak Detector algorithm in the MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera applies nonlinear interpolation techniques, where up to 64 data points can be inserted between two pixels within the Gaussian shaped laser line.
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The nonlinear interpolation technique used in the Peak Detector algorithm results in a better estimate of the maximum intensity of the laser line. The data mapping for the 3D data block is shown in Fig. 4.37 and the basics of the interpolation principle are illustrated in Fig. 4.39. G a u s s i a n s h a p e d I n t e r p o l a t e d r e s o l u t i o n l a s e r l i n e...
4 Functionality The line position is split into a coarse position and a fine position (sub-pixel). The coarse position is based on the pixel pitch and is transferred in Peak [15:6]. The sub-pixel position that was calculated from the Peak Detector algorithm (6 bit sub-pixel information) is mapped to Peak [5:0].
Hardware Interface 5.1 Connectors 5.1.1 CameraLink Connector for CameraLink Camera Models The CameraLink cameras are interfaced to external components via • a CameraLink connector, which is defined by the CameraLink standard as a 26 pin, 0.05" Mini Delta-Ribbon (MDR) connector to transmit configuration, image data and trigger. •...
5 Hardware Interface 5.1.3 Trigger and Strobe Signals The power connector contains an external trigger input and a strobe output. The input voltage to the TRIGGER pin must not exceed +15V DC, to avoid damage to the internal optocoupler! In order to use the strobe output, the internal optocoupler must be powered with 5 .. 15 V DC. The STROBE signal is an open-collector output, therefore, the user must connect a pull-up resistor (see Table 5.1) to STROBE_VDD (5 ..
STROBE_VDD Pull-up Resistor 15 V > 3.9 kOhm 10 V > 2.7 kOhm > 2.2 kOhm > 1.8 kOhm > 1.0 kOhm Table 5.1: Pull-up resistor for strobe output and different voltage levels 5.1.4 Status Indicator (CameraLink Cameras) A dual-color LED on the back of the camera gives information about the current status of the CameraLink cameras.
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5 Hardware Interface Serial communication: A CameraLink camera can be controlled by the user via a RS232 compatible asynchronous serial interface. This interface is contained within the CameraLink interface and is physically not directly accessible. Refer to Section 4.9 for more information.
5 Hardware Interface 5.3 Read-out Timing 5.3.1 Free running Mode Sequential readout timing By default, the camera is in free running mode and delivers images without any external control signals. The sensor is operated in sequential readout mode, which means that the sensor is read out after the exposure time.
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P C L K F r a m e T i m e S H U T T E R E x p o s u r e E x p o s u r e T i m e T i m e F V A L C P R E...
5 Hardware Interface Frame time Frame time is the inverse of frame rate. Exposure time Period during which the the pixels are integrating the incoming light. Pixel clock on CameraLink interface. PCLK SHUTTER Internal signal, shown only for clarity. Is ’high’ during the exposure time.
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E x p o s u r e t i m e R e a d o u t t i m e E x p o s u r e t i m e R e a d o u t t i m e C F R o f f F r a m e t i m e F r a m e t i m e...
5 Hardware Interface 5.4 Trigger 5.4.1 Trigger Modes The following sections show the timing diagram for the trigger modes. The signal ExSync denotes the trigger signal that is provided either by the interface trigger or the I/O trigger (see Section 4.6). The other signals are explained in Table 5.4. Camera-controlled Exposure In the camera-controlled trigger mode, the exposure is defined by the camera and is configurable by software.
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Level-controlled Exposure In the level-controlled trigger mode, the exposure time is defined by the pulse width of the external trigger signal. For an active high trigger signal, the image acquisition begins with the rising edge and stops with the falling edge of the external trigger signal. Then the image is read out.
5 Hardware Interface 5.4.2 Trigger Delay The total delay between the trigger edge and the camera exposure consists of the delay in the frame grabber and the camera (Fig. 5.12). Usually, the delay in the frame grabber is relatively large to avoid accidental triggers caused by voltage spikes (see Fig. 5.13). The trigger can also be delayed by the property Trigger.Delay.
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For the delay in the frame grabber, please ask your frame grabber manufacturer. The camera delay consists of a constant trigger delay and a variable delay (jitter). Trigger delay type Description Trigger delay of the frame grabber, refer to frame grabber manual d FG Variable camera trigger delay (max.
The PFRemote Control Tool 6.1 Overview PFRemote is a graphical configuration tool for Photonfocus cameras. The latest release can be downloaded from the support area of www.photonfocus.com. All Photonfocus cameras can be either configured by PFRemote, or they can be programmed with custom software using the PFLib SDK ([PFLIB]).
6 The PFRemote Control Tool • CLALLSERIAL.DLL: Interface to CameraLink frame grabber which supports the clallserial.dll. • CLSER_USB.DLL: Interface to USB port. More information about these DLLs is available in the SDK documentation [SW002]. 6.5 Graphical User Interface (GUI) PFRemote consists of a main window (Fig. 6.2) and a configuration dialog. In the main window, the camera port can be opened or closed, and log messages are displayed at the bottom.
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Depending on the configuration, your port names may differ, and not every port may be functional. If your frame grabber supports clallserial.dll version 1.1 ( CameraLink compliant standard Oct 2001), the name of the manufacturer is shown in the PortBrowser. If your frame grabber supports clallserial.dll version 1.0 (CameraLink compliant standard Oct 2000), the PortBrowser shows either the name of the dll or the manufacturer name or displays "Unknown".
6 The PFRemote Control Tool 6.5.3 Main Buttons The buttons on the right side of the configuration dialog store and reset the camera configuration. Figure 6.3: Main buttons Reset: Reset the camera and load the default configuration. Store as defaults: Store the current configuration in the camera flash memory as the default configuration.
MV-D1024E-3D01-160-CL, CameraLink interface The following sections are grouped according to the tabs in the configuration dialog. Figure 7.1: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 frame rate and average value Frame Rate [fps :] Shows the actual frame rate of the camera in frames per second.
7 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 7.1.1 Exposure This tab contains exposure settings. Figure 7.2: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 exposure panel Exposure Exposure time [ms :] Configure the exposure time in milliseconds. Constant Frame Rate: When the Constant Frame Rate (CFR) is switched on, the frame rate (number of frames per second) can be varied from almost 0 up to the maximum frame rate.
Multi - ROI The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 cameras can handle up to 16 different regions of interest. The multiple ROIs are joined together and form a single image, which is transferred to the frame grabber. An ROI is defined by its starting value in y-direction and its height. The width and the horizontal offset are specified by X and W settings.
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7 Graphical User Interface (GUI) depends on the number of rows and columns being read out. Overlapping ROIs are allowed, and the total height may exceed 1024 rows. Enable MROI: Enable MROI. If MROI is enabled, the ROI and MROI settings cannot be changed. MROI_X: Select one of the MROI settings.
7.1.3 Trigger This tab contains trigger and strobe settings. Figure 7.4: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 trigger panel Trigger Trigger Source: Free running: The camera continuously delivers images with a certain configurable frame rate. Interface Trigger: The Trigger signal is applied to the camera by the CameraLink frame grabber or the USB interface respectively.
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7 Graphical User Interface (GUI) Strobe The camera generates a strobe output signal that can be used to trigger a strobe. The delay, pulse width and polarity can be defined by software. To turn off strobe output, set StrobePulseWidth to 0. Strobe Delay [ms :] Delay in milliseconds from the input trigger edge to the rising edge of the strobe output signal.
7.1.4 Data Output This tab contains image data settings. Figure 7.5: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 data output panel Output Mode Output Mode: Normal: Normal mode. LFSR: Test image. Linear feedback shift register (pseudo-random image). The pattern depends on the grey level resolution. Ramp: Test image. Values of pixel are incremented by 1, starting at each row. The pattern depends on the grey level resolution.
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It is typically used to implement a transfer curve for contrast expansion. The MV-D1024E-3D01-160 camera performs a 10-to-8-bit mapping, so that 1024 input grey levels can be mapped to 256 output grey levels (0 to 1023 and 0 to 255).
7.1.5 Characteristics This tab contains LinLog and Skimming settings. Figure 7.7: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 characteristics panel LinLog The LinLog technology from Photonfocus allows a logarithmic compression of high light intensities. In contrast to the classical non-integrating logarithmic pixel, the LinLog pixel is an integrating pixel with global shutter and the possibility to control the transition between linear and logarithmic mode (Section 4.3.2).
7 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 7.1.6 3D01 This tab contains the 3D settings. Figure 7.8: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 3D01 panel Peak Detector Mode: 2D only: In the 2D mode the camera sends raw image data to the frame grabber, which can then be further processed on the frame grabber or by an image processing software tool.
7.1.7 Correction This tab contains correction settings. Figure 7.9: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 correction panel Correction Mode This camera has image pre-processing features, that compensate for non-uniformities caused by the sensor, the lens or the illumination. Off: No correction. Offset: Activate offset correction Offset + Hotpixel: Activate offset and hot pixel correction.
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7 Graphical User Interface (GUI) Gain Correction: The gain correction is based on a grey reference image, which is taken at uniform illumination to give an image with a mid grey level. Gain correction is not a trivial feature. The quality of the grey reference image is crucial for proper gain correction.
This panel shows camera specific information such as type code, serial number and firmware revision of the FPGA and microcontroller and the description of the camera interface. Figure 7.10: MV-D1024E-3D01-160 info panel Typecode: Type code of the connected camera. Serial: Serial number of the connected camera.
Fig. 8.1 shows the mechanical drawings of the CameraLink camera models. Table 8.1 summarizes model-specific parameters. Figure 8.1: Mechanical dimensions of the CameraLink model with or without C-Mount adapter All values are in [mm]. MV-D1024E-3D01-160 X (housing depth) 40 mm Table 8.1: Model-specific parameters...
8 Mechanical and Optical Considerations 8.2 Optical Interface 8.2.1 Cleaning the Sensor The sensor is part of the optical path and should be handled like other optical components: with extreme care. Dust can obscure pixels, producing dark patches in the images captured. Dust is most visible when the illumination is collimated.
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Product Supplier Remark EAD400D Airduster Electrolube, UK www.electrolube.com Anticon Gold 9"x 9" Wiper Milliken, USA ESD safe and suitable for class 100 environments. www.milliken.com TX4025 Wiper Texwipe www.texwipe.com Transplex Swab Texwipe Small Q-Tips SWABS Q-tips Hans J. Michael GmbH, www.hjm.de BB-003 Germany Large Q-Tips SWABS...
8 Mechanical and Optical Considerations 8.3 Compliance C o m p l i a n c e S t a t e m e n t W e , P h o t o n f o c u s A G , C H - 8 8 5 3 L a c h e n , S w i t z e r l a n d d e c l a r e u n d e r o u r s o l e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t h a t t h e f o l l o w i n g p r o d u c t s M V - D 1 0 2 4 - 2 8 - C L - 1 0 , M V - D 1 0 2 4 - 8 0 - C L - 8 , M V - D 1 0 2 4 - 1 6 0 - C L - 8...
Warranty The manufacturer alone reserves the right to recognize warranty claims. 9.1 Warranty Terms The manufacturer warrants to distributor and end customer that for a period of two years from the date of the shipment from manufacturer or distributor to end customer (the "Warranty Period") that: •...
Pinouts A.1 Power Supply for CameraLink Camera Models The power supply plugs are available from Binder connectors at www.binder-connector.de. It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage or destroy the camera. A suitable power supply is available from Photonfocus.
A Pinouts " Figure A.2: Power supply plug, 7-pole (rear view of plug, solder side) I/O Type Name Description +12 V DC (± 10%) Ground RESERVED Do not connect STROBE-VDD +5 .. +15 V DC STROBE Strobe control (opto-isolated) TRIGGER External trigger (opto-isolated), +5 ..
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Name Description INNER SHIELD Inner Shield N_XD0 Negative LVDS Output, CameraLink Data D0 N_XD1 Negative LVDS Output, CameraLink Data D1 N_XD2 Negative LVDS Output, CameraLink Data D2 N_XCLK Negative LVDS Output, CameraLink Clock N_XD3 Negative LVDS Output, CameraLink Data D3 P_SERTOCAM Positive LVDS Input, Serial Communication to the camera N_SERTOFG...
Revision History Revision Date Changes August 2008 First release April 2009 Incorporation of improved width calculation method 3D data output placed on the 8 LSB of the grey value Modified format of width indicator, comprising an integer part and a fractional part...
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