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FK-Lightplanes FK 14 B Pilot Operating Handbook

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Pilot's Operating
Handbook FK 14 B
POH FK 14 B Polaris
Airplane Serial Number:
Airplane Registration Number:
Date of issue:
Manual Nr.:
Manufacturer and exclusive Distributor:
Design Organisation and Owner of IP Rights:
B & F Technik Vertriebs GmbH Speyer – Germany
FK-Lightplanes Krosno - Poland
document code: FK 14 des.002
Approved as Ultralight/ Light Sport Aircraft
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
14-_________-1 UL / LSA
S

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Summary of Contents for FK-Lightplanes FK 14 B

  • Page 1 Pilot’s Operating Handbook FK 14 B POH FK 14 B Polaris Approved as Ultralight/ Light Sport Aircraft _____________________ Airplane Serial Number: _____________________ Airplane Registration Number: _____________________ Date of issue: Manual Nr.: 14-_________-1 UL / LSA Manufacturer and exclusive Distributor: FK-Lightplanes Krosno - Poland Design Organisation and Owner of IP Rights: B &...

  • Page 2: Introduction

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-1 Introduction 0.1. Revisions The owner/operator is responsible for keeping all pages of this manual to the revision status indicated in the table, by exchanging the relevant pages as and when a new revision is published.

  • Page 3: Record Of Revisions

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-2 0.2. Record of Revisions The fact of having inserted revised pages shall be confirmed in the list below. Revision inserted Revision inserted by --- on by --- on Rev 23 1.Apr.2014...
  • Page 4 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-3 List of effective Pages Page Revision Date Page Revision Date 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 0-10 1.04.14 0-11 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14 1.04.14...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-4 0.3. Table of Contents 0. INTRODUCTION ............... 0-1 0.1. Revisions ..............0-1 0.2. Record of Revisions ........... 0-2 0.3. Table of Contents ............0-4 0.4. Introduction ............... 0-10 1.
  • Page 6 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-5 2.6. Service Ceiling ............2-3 2.7. Weights ................ 2-4 2.8. C.G. Limits ..............2-4 2.9. Maneuvers ..............2-4 2.10. Flight Load Factors ............ 2-5 2.11. Kind of Operation ............2-5 2.12.
  • Page 7 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-6 3.9. Oil Pressure Low ............3-3 3.10. Fuel Pressure Low ............3-3 3.11. Generator Fault ............3-3 3.12. Fire and Smoke (Electric) .......... 3-4 3.13. Stall recovery .............. 3-4 4.
  • Page 8 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-7 5. PERFORMANCE ..............5-1 5.1. General ................ 5-1 5.2. Takeoff Distance ............5-1 5.3. Climb Performance ............. 5-1 5.4. Cruise Performance ........... 5-2 5.5. Landing Distance ............5-2 5.6.
  • Page 9 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-8 7.10. Fuel System..............7-5 7.11. Brakes ................7-7 7.12. Heating and Ventilation ..........7-7 7.13. Electrical System ............7-7 8. HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE ..... 8-1 8.1. General ................ 8-1 8.2.
  • Page 10 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-9 9. SUPPLEMENTS ................ 9-1 9.1. General ................ 9-1 9.2. Engine Manual ............9-1 9.3. Rescue System ............9-1 9.4. Avionics / Special Engine Instruments ....9-1 Mühlbauer – Constantspeed Propeller ..... 9-1 9.5.

  • Page 11: Introduction

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-10 0.4. Introduction This is the Pilot’s Operating Handbook and approved flight manual. It contains information required to be furnished to the pilot and must be carried in the aircraft at all times.
  • Page 12 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Section 0 page 0-11 0.4.2. Airplane Manufacturer FK-Lightplanes Sp. z o.o. Lotników 20 B 38-400 Krosno – Poland www.fk-lightplanes.com 0.4.3. Design Organization, Owner of IP Rights and Customer Support B&F Technik Vertiebs GmbH Speyer – Germany Anton-Dengler-Str.

  • Page 13: General

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 General page 1-1 General 1.1. Airplane Three Side View document code: FK 14 des.002...

  • Page 14: Technical Data

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 General page 1-2 1.2. Technical Data Wing span: 9,10 m (9 m LeMans) Wing area: 9,10 m² Length: 5,69 m Height: 2,12 m 1.3. Weight The aircraft has a maximum take-off weight depending on configuration and certification of up to 544kg (1199 lbs).

  • Page 15: Fuel

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 General page 1-3 1.5. Fuel Capacity total fuel capacity total useable fuel wing tank version 66 Ltr (17,4 USG) 61 Ltr (16,1 USG) wing tank vers. (option) 78 Ltr (20,6 USG) 73 Ltr (19,3 USG)
  • Page 16 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 General page 1-4 b) Meteorological International Standard Atmosphere: OAT in MSL 15°C; pressure in MSL 1013,2hPa; air a perfect dry gas; temperature gradient of 0,65°C per 100m Mean sea level Outside air temperature...

  • Page 17: Limitations

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-1 Limitations 2.1. General This chapter contains limitations, instrument markings and placards required for the safe operation of the aircraft. Limitations valid for additional equipment can be found in chapter 9 (supplements).

  • Page 18: Airspeed Indicator Markings

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-2 2.3. Airspeed Indicator Markings The aircraft must be equipped with an airspeed indicator model „Winter FK14-EK5“. This is the master airspeed indicator, even with an EFIS installed.It has following markings and shows IAS in [km/h / kt]:...

  • Page 19: Propeller

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-3 Note: Oil system, Engine lubrication system Engines which have had the prop spun for more than 1 turn in reverse direction allow air to be ingested into the valve train.

  • Page 20: Weights

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-4 2.7. Weights Empty weight: acc. actual weighing Maximum weight per seat: 100 kg 220 lbs Baggage aft max: 10 kg 22 lbs zero fuel weight max.: 520 kg 1147 lbs Max.

  • Page 21: Flight Load Factors

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-5 Spinning any aircraft which is not certified for this maneuver is extremely dangerous! The onset of a stall is indicated to the pilot by many factors like IAS, stick pressure, horizon level. Stalls can also be result from abrupt...

  • Page 22: Colour

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-6 2.14. Colour The surface of the structure must be white. Local coloured decoration is possible. Complete painting in different colours only with agreement of the manufacturer. 2.15. Electric The electrical system is designed for a maximum load of 12 A.

  • Page 23: Placards

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-7 2.17. Placards Location: Placard: In the Cockpit max. TOW 472,5 kg / 544 kg center of gravity 280 – 431mm spins and acrobatics prohibited Cockpit Weighing date: Empty weight: Poss.
  • Page 24 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Limitations page 2-8 Wheel fairings main wheels 2,8 bar / 41 psi Wheel fairings nose wheel 1,5 bar / 26 psi Aft part of wing no step Step area on the wing...

  • Page 25: Emergency Procedures

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Emergency Procedures page 3-1 Emergency Procedures 3.1. General The following information is presented to enable the pilot to form, in advance, a definite plan of action for coping with the most probable emergency situations which could occur in the operation of the airplane.

  • Page 26: Emergency Landing

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Emergency Procedures page 3-2 3.4.1. ROTAX 912iS EMS Caution Lights: as soon as one or both EMS caution lights illuminate or flash, a precautionary landing must be done at the next suitable airfield.

  • Page 27: Strong Vibrations

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Emergency Procedures page 3-3 3.7. Strong Vibrations Caused by engine or propeller: Ignition OFF (912iS: LANE A+B OFF) Airspeed reduce Emergency landing perform respective procedure Caused by the fuselage / wings: Airspeed reduce 3.8.

  • Page 28: Fire And Smoke (Electric)

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Emergency Procedures page 3-4 3.12. Fire and Smoke (Electric) All electrical systems Landing as soon as possible; if required, perform emergency landing Rescue system activation only, if immediate emergency landing not possible 3.13.

  • Page 29: Normal Procedures

    Normal Procedures page 4-1 Normal Procedures 4.1. General This chapter deals with the normal procedures recommended for the safe operation of the FK 14 B. 4.2. Recommended Speeds up to 472,5 kg more than 472,5 kg / 1041 lbs Best angle of climb speed:...
  • Page 30 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-2 Engine check (also perform the checks required as mentioned in the engine manual) * Cowling remove * Exhaust check for cracks + check springs * Carburetor, accessories check...

  • Page 31: Engine Start

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-3 left landing gear *check brake line, strut; check main attachment screws pressure 2,4 to 2,9 bar (35 – 42 psi) left tire left wing clean, no damage, flaps full up; fuel cap...

  • Page 32: Taxi

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-4 4.6. Taxi Brakes check Stick pull back to relieve load on nosewheel Rudder do not move if aircraft is not moving 4.7. Before Take-off Brakes set; brakes must hold at least 3200 RPM...

  • Page 33: Climb

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-5 4.9. Climb ROTAX 912 Oil temperature max. 130°C / 266°F max. 120°C / 248°F Speed 148 km/h / 80 kt with flaps up Hint: At CHT >115°C / 239°F local condensation in the cooling system will cause continuous loss of cooling fluid.

  • Page 34: Landing

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-6 4.12. Landing Normal Landing Speed reduce to 125 Km/h / 67 kt Flaps set Pos. 1, after speed reduction Pos. 2 Speed 110 km/h / 59 kt (rain + 5km/h / 3 kt)

  • Page 35: Balked Landing

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Normal Procedures page 4-7 Under certain conditions (crosswind, turbulence, forward CG) it is recommended to retract flaps immediately after touchdown. During strong and/or gusty winds it is recommended to use flaps Pos. 1 for approach and landing.

  • Page 36: Performance

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Performance page 5-1 Performance 5.1. General The graphs and tables in this section present performance information corrected for the conditions of ICAO Standard Atmosphere. These data do not contain any safety margin and are based on a clean and well serviced aircraft as well as the compliance with aforementioned procedures.

  • Page 37: Cruise Performance

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Performance page 5-2 5.4. Cruise Performance Weight 544 kg / 1199 lbs, ROTAX 912S, fixed propeller, ISA conditions Values for ROTAX 912 iS are 5-7% better than given numbers. Power 55% / 4300 RPM...

  • Page 38: Airspeed Calibration

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Performance page 5-3 5.6. Airspeed Calibration document code: FK 14 des.002...

  • Page 39: Weight And Balance

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Weight & Balance page 6-1 Weight and Balance 6.1. General To achieve the mentioned performance data and flying abilities, the aircraft must be operated within certified weight and balance limits. Although the aircraft has a wide range for weight and balance, it is not possible to fly with full baggage load, full fuel and 2 heavy pilots at the same time.
  • Page 40 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Weight & Balance page 6-2 Formula to compute the center of gravity (X): TW = total weight Center of Gravity in [m / inch] WF = weight front WR = weight right...

  • Page 41: Determination Of C.g. For The Flight

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Weight & Balance page 6-3 6.3. Determination of C.G. for the Flight The Pilot is responsible for proper loading of the aircraft. The C.G. can be determined by computation. The C.G. must always be...

  • Page 42: Systems Description

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-1 Systems Description 7.1. General The FK 14 is a two-seat low wing ultralight aircraft with aerodynamic steering. The wing has flaps which are operated electrically. The nose / tail wheel is steered by use of the rudder pedals.

  • Page 43: Rescue System

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-2 7.3. Rescue system The rescue system of the FK 14 is installed in front of the instrument panel on the left side. Detailed information concerning max. speed, capacity and maintenance cycles are provided in the respective rescue system manual.
  • Page 44 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-3 The main harnesses are con- nected to the fuselage tubes and are installed on top of the tubes to allow undisturbed unfolding. The softpack container is con- nected to the aircraft frame. The...

  • Page 45: Flaps

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-4 7.4. Flaps The fowler flaps are operated electrically by pressing the switch in the direction desired. During flap operation all 3 indicator lights illuminate at the same time. Flaps stop...

  • Page 46: Engine

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-5 7.8. Engine The FK 14 is powered by a ROTAX 912 four-cylinder, horizontally opposed engine. It has a combined cooling by liquid and air. The optional airbox allows to supply the carburetors with cold or preheated air to avoid carburetor icing.
  • Page 47 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 System Description page 7-6 When parking the aircraft in strong rain, it is recommended to secure the fuel caps from water entering by putting an extra cover on top of the cap. The same applies to the openings on top of the engine cowling.

  • Page 48: Brakes

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Systems Description page 7-7 7.11. Brakes Brakes are controlled by a handle at the center console. Brakes are applied to both main wheels at the same time. By closing a valve at the center console when pressure has been applied, the hydraulic brake can function as a park brake.
  • Page 49 Airplane Manual FK 14B Polaris FK Lightplanes Revision 19 Systems Description page 7-8 The electrical system is designed for a maximum load of 12 A. Connecting a lot of high drain components (landing lights etc.) may result in a higher load. This can lead to overheating and / or an electrical smoke / fire condition and must...

  • Page 50: Handling, Servicing And Maintenance

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-1 Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.1. General Every owner of an FK 14 should maintain regular contact with the manufacturer for best support. 8.2. Ground Handling Aircraft should be parked with the nose facing into the wind and secured by putting chocks in front of the wheels.

  • Page 51: Regular Maintenance / Lubrication Schedule

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-2 8.5. Regular Maintenance / Lubrication Schedule Maintenance is due after certain flight hours or time intervals as applicable. There are some actions which must be performed for the first time after the very first 2 / 10 / 25 flight hours.
  • Page 52 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-3 insert maintenance schedule FK 14 Airframe (DIN A4) here. document code: FK 14 des.002...

  • Page 53: Airplane Servicing

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-4 8.7. Airplane Servicing 8.7.1. Fuel During refuelling smoking is prohibited. Connect the airplane to ground. Avoid fuel spill, drain as required. For fuel grades check section Limitations.

  • Page 54: Jacking / Towing / Storage

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-5 8.9. Jacking / Towing / Storage CAUTION As a general rule, apply force to aircraft structure only on main structural elements such as frames, ribs or spars.

  • Page 55: Main / Subsidiary Structure

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-6 8.10. Main / Subsidiary Structure The main structure contains of: fuselage structure (metal), tail unit structure, engine mount landing gear (metal/carbon fibre composite) control surfaces (metal/carbon fibre composite)

  • Page 56: Mounting / Maintenance Of The Rescue System

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Handling, Serv.& Maint. page 8-7 8.15. Mounting / Maintenance of the Rescue System According to the respective manual. 8.16. Assembly of the Aircraft Check fuselage and wings for loose or foreign objects. Bolts, linkages and connections should be well lubricated.

  • Page 57: Supplements

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-1 Supplements 9.1. General This chapter contains information concerning additional or differing equipment of the aircraft. Additional manuals and other useful information are indicated. 9.2. Engine Manual A separate manual for the engine is supplied with every aircraft.

  • Page 58: Neuform - Constantspeed Propeller

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-2 Chapter 3 Emergency Procedures: In case of a propeller governor failure, the blades automatically revert to low pitch = high RPM. Do not exceed maximum RPM limits. Chapter 4 Normal Procedures: Preflight inspection according to the manual Mühlbauer Propeller...
  • Page 59 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-3 Chapter 3 Emergency Procedures: In case of a propeller governor failure, the blades automatically revert to low pitch = high RPM. Do not exceed maximum RPM limits. Chapter 4 Normal Procedures:...

  • Page 60: Version Lemans (Open Cockpit)

    POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-4 9.7. Version LeMans (open Cockpit) The version “LeMans“ uses an open cockpit instead of the closed cannopy. Installation and handling of the open cannopy is similar the the closed one.
  • Page 61 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-5 Chapter 4 Normal Procedures: Only the specials concerning the handling of the 912 iS are mentioned here. Engine Start: throttle idle LANE A+B Fuel Main Start Power Switch press and hold...
  • Page 62 POH FK 14 B FK Lightplanes Revision 23 Supplements page 9-6 Instrument Panel: Fuel System: document code: FK 14 des.002...

  • Page 63: Airplane Flight Training Supplement

    Chapter 8 Handling, Servicing and Maintenance : no change 9.9. Airplane Flight Training Supplement The FK 14 B is an easy to handle modern airplane. There are no special training requirements beyond normal pilot’s training. document code: FK 14 des.002...

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