Mammut ELEMENT Barryvox Reference Manual page 25

INTRODUCTION TO AVALANCHE THEORY
7.3.2 Minimize Stress on the Snowpack
Adequate spacing is an effective method to mini-
mize stress on the snowpack. Ascending, the spac-
ing should be approximately 10 meters; descending
approximately 30 – 50 meters, due to the additional
stress. Danger zones should be traveled one person
at a time. Minimize the stress on the snowpack by
making long turns. Avoid jumping!
7.3.3 Renunciation in the Terrain
(Basic Reduction Method, W. Munter)
N
3
Example:
black = Considerable
8 1 0 0 m
→ white ≈ Moderate
Danger Level Skiable/ridable slope angle
2-Moderate less than 40 degrees
3-Considerable less than 35 degrees
4-High less than 30 degrees
•
Untracked steep slopes (> 30 degrees):
➜ spacing of at least 10 m.
•
Outside of the forecasted aspect or altitude
ranges:
➜ the danger level is generally one level lower.
•
At the edge of the forecasted aspect or altitude
ranges:
➜ Do not approach the limits
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7.4 Avalanche Forecast Centers
It is impossible to publish a list of all the avalanche
forecast centers in this user manual.
Current information about all avalanche forecast
centers can be found ie. At www.avalanche.org
(worldwide) and www.avalanches.org (Europe).
7.5 International Avalanche Danger Scale
Danger Level Snowpack
LOW
·
MODERATE
»
CONSIDER-
ABLE
¿
HIGH
´
EXTREME
Typical Indications Tours
None. Generally favorable conditions.
Difficult to recognize. Generally favorable conditions.
Careful choice of route on steep
No alarm signals. slopes of aspect and altitude as
given in the avalanche forecast.
«Whumphing» noises. Partly unfavorable conditions.
Some spontaneous ava- Experience in assessing avalanche
lanches. Remote triggering risk required. Wherever possible
at the foot of slopes. avoid steep slopes of aspect and
altitudeas given in the avalanche
forecast.
Spontaneous avalanches. Unfavorable conditions.
Tours only in moderately steep ter-
Remote triggering. rain < 30º. Be aware of avalanche
runout zones.
Spontaneous avalanches Very unfavorable conditions.
avalanches and remote Refrain from tours.
triggering on a large scale.
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