Kalinka Optics Zenit-122 User Manual page 7

best possible focusing, are of no use when low speed interchangeable lenses are
used and focusing is done at apertures more than 4. In these cases as well as in
photomicrography and macrophotography focusing should be done on the
ground glass collar.
Focusing can be done as well without looking in the viewfinder. To do this turn
the focusing ring and, making use of distance scale 27, set the distance from the
film plane marked O on the camera top plate to the subject being shot against
the larger index mark.
The smaller index mark with letter "R" is used for shooting on infra-red films. In
such a case focus the image and introduce a correction by bringing the distance
figure you have obtained opposite to the index mark "R".
Focusing over, you can determine distances from the film plane to the near and
far limits of the depth of field making use of scales 27 and 28. On scale 27
against two identical figures of scale 28 corresponding to the aperture with which
you are going to take pictures there will be set two figures, indicating the distance
range within which all the subjects will be sharp on film. For example, the lens is
focused for 3 m and the aperture to be used is that of 8. In such a case on scale
27 against two figures 8 of scale 28 you can read that the image will be sharp
within the distance range from 2.3 to 4.5 m.
Approximate depth-of-field limits can be determi ned visually as well by pressing
the release button till a definite stop is felt with the aperture value set beforehand.
On the ground glass collar of the viewfinder you will see what subjects will be
sharp on film.
EXPOSUBE SETTING WITH THE HELP OF EXPOSURE METER
The camera semi-automatic exposure meter measures the light passing through
the lens (TTL system). As a result, making use of various combinations of
aperture and shutter speed values, you can set the exposure depending upon
the brightness of can object and the speed of film being used with a high degree
of accuracy. It remains true as well when interchangeable lenses, light filters,
supplementary lenses and extension tubes are used. For more accurate
exposure determination in conditions of poor brightness of the subject to be
photographed the lens cap should be removed a bit earlier, before shooting.
Looking through the viewfinder eyepiece in such a way that the whole its frame
could be clearly seen, press the release button 4 till a definite stop is felt but not
till the shutter "firing", should it be cocked, and hold the button in this position. On
the right-hand side of the viewfinder light-emitting diodes can be seen.
There are two modifications of cameras: one with two red and the other one
green and two red diodes.
1. Exposure setting in cameras with two-diode indication