ÌQWUHE UL IUHFYHQWH
ÌQDLQWH GH D VROLFLWD VHUYLFH VDX DVLVWHQ XUPD L DFHVWH
LQGLFD LL VLPSOH SHQWUX D UH]ROYD SUREOHPD
3HQWUX PDL PXOWH LQIRUPD LL FRQVXOWD L VLVWHPXO
>H$-8725@ $VLVWHQ
7HOHYL]RUXO QX SRUQHúWH
9HULILFD L GDF D L FRQHFWDW FDEOXO GH DOLPHQWDUH OD
WHOHYL]RU úL OD SUL]
7HOHYL]RUXO WUHFH vQ PRGXO DúWHSWDUH
)XQF LD DXWRPDW GH DúWHSWDUH HVWH DFWLYDW
7HOHFRPDQGD QX IXQF LRQHD] VDX IXQF LRQHD]
LQWHUPLWHQW
%DWHULLOH VXQW LQWURGXVH FRUHFW"
7HOHYL]RUXO D IRVW SRUQLW"
6H SRDWH FD EDWHULLOH V ILH FRQVXPDWH ÌQORFXL LOH FX XQHOH QRL
ÌQGUHSWD L WHOHFRPDQGD GLUHFW F WUH UHFHSWRUXO GH VHPQDO
DO WHOHFRPHQ]LL WHOHYL]RUXOXL SkQ OD DSUR[LPDWLY P úL
XQ XQJKL GH GH ID
$PSODVD L WHOHYL]RUXO GHSDUWH GH OXPLQD VRDUHOXL VDX GH
DOWH VXUVH GH OXPLQ SXWHUQLF SHQWUX D QX VH UHIOHFWD
vQ UHFHSWRUXO GH VHPQDO DO WHOHFRPHQ]LL WHOHYL]RUXOXL
1X VH SRDWH DILúD QLFLR LPDJLQH
9HULILFD L GDF WHOHYL]RUXO HVWH SRUQLW
9HULILFD L GDF D L FRQHFWDW FDEOXO GH DOLPHQWDUH OD
WHOHYL]RU úL OD SUL]
9HULILFD L VHOHFWDUHD FRUHFW D PRGXOXL GH LQWUDUH
9HULILFD L VHWDUHD >$9@ >&20321(17@ >9,'(2@
GLQ >6HOHFWDUH LQWUDUH@ DVWIHO vQFkW V FRUHVSXQG
LHúLULL HFKLSDPHQWXOXL H[WHUQ
6XQW >&RQWUDVW@ >/XPLQR]LWDWH@ VDX >&XORDUH@ GLQ
PHQLXO ,PDJLQH VHWDWH OD YDORDUHD PLQLP "
9HULILFD L GDF WRDWH FDEOXULOH QHFHVDUH úL FRQH[LXQLOH
VXQW ELQH IL[DWH
6H DILúHD] R LPDJLQH QHRELúQXLW
2SUL L WHOHYL]RUXO GH OD EXWRQXO GH SRUQLUHRSULUH D
DOLPHQW ULL úL DSRL UHSRUQL LO
'DF SUREOHPD SHUVLVW LQL LDOL]D L WRDWH VHW ULOH
>&RQGL LL SUHVHWDWH@ vQ >0HQLX VLVWHP@ 0HQLXO
6HWDUH
3 U L DOH WHOHYL]RUXOXL GHYLQ ILHUELQ L
&KLDU GDF WHPSHUDWXUD S U LORU IURQWDO VXSHULRDU
úL SRVWHULRDU FUHúWH DFHVWH WHPSHUDWXUL QX FUHHD]
SUREOHPH vQ FHHD FH SULYHúWH IXQF LRQDUHD VDX FDOLWDWHD
3DQRXO /&' VH PLúF XúRU úL VH DXGH XQ S F QLW
FkQG HVWH vPSLQV FX GHJHWXO
ÌQ MXUXO SDQRXOXL H[LVW XQ PLF VSD LX OLEHU SHQWUX D SUHYHQL
GHWHULRUDUHD SDQRXOXL $FHDVWD QX HVWH R GHIHF LXQH
! ÌQWUHE UL IUHFYHQWH
S
GH UHFHSWRUXO GH VHPQDO
ÌQWUH LQHUH
0DL vQWkL VFRDWH L úWHF UXO GLQ SUL]
(FUDQXO GH DILúDUH FDUFDVD
SLHGHVWDOXO
ÌQJULMLUHD SHULRGLF
ùWHUJH L FX DWHQ LH VXSUDID D HFUDQXOXL GH DILúDUH
FDUFDVD VDX SLHGHVWDOXO SULQ XWLOL]DUHD XQHL FkUSH PRL
SHQWUX D FXU D XUPHOH GH PXUG ULH VDX DPSUHQWHOH
3HQWUX XUPH SHUVLVWHQWH GH PXUG ULH
0DL vQWkL úWHUJH L SUDIXO GH SH VXSUDID
8PH]L L R FkUS PRDOH FX DS FXUDW VDX FX DS
FDUH FRQ LQH R FDQWLWDWH PLF GH GHWHUJHQW QHXWUX
SDUWH GHWHUJHQW OD S U L DS
6WRDUFH L FkUSD WHPHLQLF $VLJXUD LY F QX
S WUXQG OLFKLGH vQ LQWHULRUXO WHOHYL]RUXOXL $FHVWHD SRW
GHWHUPLQD GHWHULRUDUHD SURGXVXOXL
/D ILQDO úWHUJH L WRDW XPH]HDOD GH SH VXSUDID
R FkUS XVFDW
$WHQ LH
1X XWLOL]D L R FkUS GLQ PDWHULDO GXU úL QX IUHFD L
VXSUDID D SUHD LQVLVWHQW GHRDUHFH SRW DS UHD
]JkULHWXUL SH VXSUDID
$YH L JULM FD VXSUDIH HOH V QX DMXQJ vQ FRQWDFW
FX LQVHFWLFLGH VROYHQ L GLOXDQ L VDX DOWH VXEVWDQ H
YRODWLOH $FHVWHD DU SXWHD GLVWUXJH FDOLWDWHD VXSUDIH HL
SULQ GHVSULQGHUHD VWUDWXOXL GH YRSVHD
6XSUDID D SDQRXOXL GH DILúDUH DUH XQ VWUDW GH
DFRSHULUH VSHFLDO FDUH VH GHWHULRUHD] IRDUWH XúRU
(YLWD L ORYLUHD VDX ]JkULHUHD VXSUDIH HL FX XQJKLLOH VDX
FX DOWH RELHFWH GXUH
1X O VD L FDUFDVD úL SLHGHVWDOXO V DMXQJ vQ FRQWDFW R
SHULRDG PDL OXQJ FX RELHFWH GLQ FDXFLXF VDX 39&
$FHVW OXFUX DU SXWHD DIHFWD FDOLWDWHD VXSUDIH HL
ùWHF UXO
ùWHUJH L úWHF UXO FX R FkUS XVFDW OD LQWHUYDOH
UHJXODWH 8PH]HDOD úL SUDIXO SRW SURYRFD LQFHQGLL VDX
HOHFWURFXWDUH
FX
17
5RPkQ