Foreword This manual is intended for use by service technicians familiar with portable two-way radios. It contains service information required for the equipment described and is current as of the printing date. Changes which occur after the printing date may be incorporated by a complete Manual revision or alternatively as additions Product Safety and RF Exposure Compliance Note: Before using this product, read the operating instructions for safe usage contained in the...
Table of Contents Table of Contents Foreword ..............................ii Computer Software Copyrights ........................ii Document Copyrights ..........................ii Disclaimer..............................ii List of Figures ....................x List of Tables ....................xii Related Publications ...................xiii Chapter 1 Test Equipment, Service Aids, and Service Tools..1-1 Test Equipment..........................1-1 Service Aids...........................
Table of Contents List of Figures Figure 1-1. Programming/Test Cable....................1-4 Figure 1-2. Wiring of the Connectors ....................1-4 Figure 2-1. DC Power Distribution Block Diagram................2-1 Figure 4-1. VHF Receiver Block Diagram................... 4-1 Figure 4-2. VHF Transmitter Block Diagram..................4-3 Figure 4-3.
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Table of Contents Figure 7-32. VHF (146-174 MHz) Receiver Front End Schematic Diagram (8486342Z13-C) ... 7-42 Figure 7-33. VHF (146-174 MHz) Receiver Back End Schematic Diagram (8486342Z13-C).... 7-43 Figure 7-34. VHF (146-174 MHz) Synthesizer Schematic Diagram (8486342Z13-C)......7-44 Figure 7-35. VHF (146-174 MHz) Voltage Controlled Oscillator Schematic Diagram (8486342Z13-C) ....................
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Table of Contents Figure 12-6. UHF (403-440 MHz) Synthesizer Schematic Diagram (8486635Z03-O) ....... 12-8 Figure 12-7. UHF (403-440 MHz) Voltage Controlled Oscillator Schematic Diagram (8486635Z03-O) ....................12-9 Figure 12-8. UHF (403-440 MHz) Transmitter and Power Control Schematic Diagram (8486635Z03-O) .................... 12-10 Figure 12-9.
Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter ................11-4 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals ............11-6 Related Publications PR400 Basic Service Manual ......................6881096C24 PR400 Non-Display User Guide .....................6881096C27 PR400 Half-Keypad User Guide .....................6881096C26 PR400 Full-Keypad User Guide......................6881096C23 Product Safety and RF Exposure Compliance ................6881095C98 PR400 User Guide CDROM ......................HKLN4219...
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Table of Contents June, 2005 6881096C25-B...
Chapter 1 Test Equipment, Service Aids, and Service Tools Test Equipment Table 1-1 lists test equipment required to service the PR400 Radios. Table 1-1. Recommended Test Equipment Motorola Part No. Description Characteristics Application R2600 series System analyzer This item will substitute for...
Service Aids Table 1-2 lists service aids recommended for working on the PR400 Radios. While all of these items are available from Motorola, most are standard shop equipment items, and any equivalent item capable of the same performance may be substituted for the item listed.
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Test Equipment, Service Aids, and Service Tools: Service Aids Table 1-3. Recommended Service Tools (Continued) Motorola Part Description Application 0180386A78 Illuminated magnifying glass with lens attachment Illumination and magnification of components 0180302E51 Master lens system 0180386A82 Anti-static grounding kit Used during all radio assembly and disassembly pro- cedures 6684253C72 Straight prober...
Test Equipment, Service Aids, and Service Tools: Service Aids Programming/Test Cable 25 POSITION 25 POSITION MALE CONNECTOR FEMALE CONNECTOR 36.0” CABLE 36.0” CABLE Figure 1-1. Programming/Test Cable 25 pin Male D Connector Components molded inside 2.5mm stereo and 3.5mm Orange 3.5mm Tip (Speaker +) Blue...
Chapter 2 DC Power Distribution DC Regulation and Distribution A block diagram of the DC power distribution throughout the radio is shown in Figure 2-1. Accessories 20 pin Connector Audio Power Keypad/Option Board Amplifier Vdda Vdda Regulator UNSWB+ SWB+ 7.5V Vddd Vddd Battery...
DC Power Distribution: DC Regulation and Distribution When the radio is turned on, SWB+ is present and is applied to: • transistor switch Q494 (pins 1 and 6) which turns on Q493 • RX audio power amplifier U490 • voltage divider R420/R421 and port PE0, a microprocessor A/D input which measures battery voltage and radio on/off status The output of FET switch Q493 is applied to the control pins of regulators U310, U320 and U330, turning them on.
7-39 and 7-40). 3.1.1 Microprocessor Circuitry The microprocessor circuitry includes microprocessor (U401) and associated EEPROM, S-RAM (not used in PR400 models), and Flash ROM memories. The following memory IC's are used: Table 3-1. Radio Memory Requirements Reference No. Description Type...
Controller Theory of Operation: Controller 3.1.1.1 Memory Usage Radio operation is controlled by software that is stored in external Flash ROM memory (U404). Radio parameters and customer specific information is stored in external EEPROM (U402). The operating status of the radio is maintained in RAM located within the microprocessor. When the radio is turned off, the operating status of the radio is written to EEPROM before operating voltage is removed from the microprocessor.
Controller Theory of Operation: Controller In order for each circuit block to respond only to the data intended for it, each peripheral has its own chip select (or chip enable) line. The device will only respond to data when its enable line is pulled low by one of the microprocessor ports, as follows: •...
Controller Theory of Operation: Controller The microprocessor reset line (pin 94) can be controlled directly by the digital 3.3 V regulator (U320 pin 7), the microphone jack (part of accessory connector J471) via Q472 and Q471, and the microprocessor itself. U320 pulls the reset line low if the digital 3.3 V source loses regulation. This prevents possible MOS latch-up or overwriting of registers in the microprocessor because the reset line is higher in voltage than the microprocessor VDD ports (U401 pins 12, 39, 59, 88).
Controller Theory of Operation: Controller • 2.5 volt dc reference source • Microprocessor clock generation (from the 16.8 MHz reference oscillator input) The parameters of U451 that are programmable are selected by the microprocessor via the CLOCK (U451 pin 21), DATA (U451 pin 22) and chip enable (U451 pin 20) lines. RX audio buffer U510 amplifies the audio level from the DEMOD output of the IFIC before being applied to the audio filter IC input (DISC, U451 pin 2).
Controller Theory of Operation: Controller 3.1.2.5 VOX Operation VOX audio accessories do not have a PTT switch. Instead, the mic cartridge is wired directly from J471-4 to ground. If the radio has been programmed for VOX operation and the VOX accessory is plugged in prior to turning the radio on, the current drawn by the cartridge will turn on Q470 (pins 3- 4-5) and a logic high will be seen at port PJ1 at turn-on.
Chapter 4 136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation Introduction This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio components. Schematic diagrams for the circuits described in the following paragraphs are located in Chapter 7 of this manual. VHF Receiver The VHF receiver covers the range of 136-162 MHz and provides switchable IF bandwidth for use with 12.5 kHz or 20/25 kHz channel spacing systems.
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Receiver constant at 6.2 mA regardless of device and temperature variations, for optimum dynamic range and noise figure. The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 3-pole series-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 54 MHz and insertion loss of 1.8 dB.
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Transmitter VHF Transmitter The VHF transmitter covers the range of 136-162 MHz. Depending on model, the output power of the transmitter is either switchable on a per-channel basis between high power (5 watts) and low power (1 watt), or is factory preset to 2 watts.
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 4.3.4 Antenna Matching Network The harmonic filter presents a 50 Ω impedance to antenna jack J140. A matching network, made up of C140-C141 and L140, is used to match the antenna impedance to the harmonic filter. This optimizes the performance of the transmitter and receiver into the impedance presented by the antenna, significantly improving the antenna's efficiency.
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry Transmit modulation from the ASFICcmp (U451 pin 40) is applied to U201 pin 10 (MOD_IN). An electronic attenuator in the ASFICcmp adjusts overall transmitter deviation by varying the audio level applied to the synthesizer IC.
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry One of the auxiliary outputs of the synthesizer IC (AUX3, U201 pin 2) provides the TRB signal which determines the operating mode of the VCO, either receive or transmit. DATA (U401 Pin 100) DATA LOCK LOCK (U401 Pin 56)
136-162 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: Keypad C267, and varactor D261. High-port audio modulation from the synthesizer IC is applied as VCO_MOD to varactor D262 which modulates the transmit VCO. AUX3 (U201 Pin 2) TRB_IN Pin 20 Pin 19 Pin 7 TX/RX/BS Pin 13 Switching Network...
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Chapter 5 146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation Introduction This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio components. Schematic diagrams for the circuits described in the following paragraphs are located in Chapter 7 of this manual. VHF Receiver The VHF receiver covers the range of 146-174 MHz and provides switchable IF bandwidth for use with 12.5 kHz or 20/25 kHz channel spacing systems.
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Receiver constant at 6.2 mA regardless of device and temperature variations, for optimum dynamic range and noise figure. The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 3-pole series-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 58 MHz and insertion loss of 1.8 dB.
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Transmitter VHF Transmitter The VHF transmitter covers the range of 146-174 MHz. Depending on model, the output power of the transmitter is either switchable on a per-channel basis between high power (5 watts) and low power (1 watt), or is factory preset to 2 watts.
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 5.3.4 Antenna Matching Network The harmonic filter presents a 50 Ω impedance to antenna jack J140. A matching network, made up of C140-C141 and L140, is used to match the antenna impedance to the harmonic filter. This optimizes the performance of the transmitter and receiver into the impedance presented by the antenna, significantly improving the antenna's efficiency.
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry Transmit modulation from the ASFICcmp (U451 pin 40) is applied to U201 pin 10 (MOD_IN). An electronic attenuator in the ASFICcmp adjusts overall transmitter deviation by varying the audio level applied to the synthesizer IC.
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: VHF Frequency Generation Circuitry One of the auxiliary outputs of the synthesizer IC (AUX3, U201 pin 2) provides the TRB signal which determines the operating mode of the VCO, either receive or transmit. DATA (U401 Pin 100) DATA LOCK LOCK (U401 Pin 56)
146-174 MHz VHF Theory Of Operation: Keypad C267, and varactor D261. High-port audio modulation from the synthesizer IC is applied as VCO_MOD to varactor D262 which modulates the transmit VCO. AUX3 (U201 Pin 2) TRB_IN Pin 20 Pin 19 Pin 7 TX/RX/BS Pin 13 Switching Network...
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Chapter 6 VHF Troubleshooting Tables Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Table 6-1. Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Radio Dead (no 1. Battery dead or defec- Substitute known good battery or Charge or replace battery. turn-on beep, no tive.
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Table 6-1. Troubleshooting Table for Receiver (Continued) Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action No Audio 1. Synthesizer out of lock Verify U201-4 is at 3 V dc. Troubleshoot synthesizer/VCO circuits. 2. Defective IFIC Verify audio is present at U51-8.
VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer Table 6-2. Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Synthesizer Out of 1. VCO fault Verify oscillator is working, check RF Check VCO tank components Lock (RX mode level at U251-10 per schematic.
VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Table 6-3. Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action No Transmit (no TX 1. PTT switch defective. Verify U401-71 goes low when PTT Replace PTT switch S441. LED indication) is pressed.
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Table 6-3. Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter (Continued) Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Low Power 1. Low TX injection Check that RF level at jct. R100/ Check U251, L291-292, C290- R101 per schematic. 291.
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Table 6-3. Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter (Continued) Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action No EXT MIC audio 1. Mic bias fault Verify approx 1.8 V dc across EXT Check Q470. R475, R477, MIC cartridge in TX mode. Verify L471.
VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) RF input 44.85 MHz 1.20 IFIC RF input decoupling 1.20 2nd LO osc output...
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U110 RF input (TX mode) RF Power Amp Vgg (gate bias) 2.65 (typ) (TX mode) (4.25 V typ at VHF) 6.59 (TX mode)
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U201 Ref osc XTAL2 Freq Synthesizer Ref osc warp output 3.00 Superfilter cap 4.48 Superfilter base (NU) 3.76...
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6-10 VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U251 Prescaler output 2.26 VCO / Buffer TX switch output (NU) 0.06 Vcc_BUFFERS 3.00...
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 6-11 Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PB1_ADDR9 3.05 Microprocessor PB2_ADDR10 0.16 3.23 PBO_ADDR8 3.05 PB5_ADDR13 0.13 PG1_XA14 0.20 PG4_XA17...
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6-12 VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PH1_PW2 3.00 Microprocessor PH0_PW1 3.23 Synth chip select XIRQ 3.00 1.48 RX enable 0.01...
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 6-13 Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PA3_IC4_OC5_OC1 3.00 Microprocessor PA4_OC4_OC1 Squelch detect input PA5_OC3_OC1 Channel activity input PA6_OC2_OC1 PA7_PA1_OC1 VSSR...
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6-14 VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U404 3.17 Flash ROM 0.30 0.22 3.03 3.08 3.06 0.24 3.08 3.05 3.05 0.69...
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VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 6-15 Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U451 GCB1 general purpose output ASFIC_CMP GCB0 general purpose output 3.00 BW select (25 kHz mode) Squelch channel activity output To U401-84...
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6-16 VHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Notes: Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U480 Unit 1 output 2.48 Dual Opamp Unit 1 (-) input 2.48 Unit 1 (+) input 2.46...
Chapter 7 VHF Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Introduction This section provides schematic diagrams, overlays, and parts lists for the radio circuit boards and interface connections. 7.1.1 Notes For All Schematics and Circuit Boards * Component is frequency sensitive. Refer to the Electrical Parts List for value and usage. 1.
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VHF Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists: Introduction Ref. No. Series Circuit Block 301-400 DC Regulation 401-450 Microprocessor 451-550 Audio 7. Circuit Block Interconnection Legend: Name Description USWB+ Unswitched Battery Voltage (always on) 5 volts (regulated) 5 volts in RX mode only 5 volts in TX mode only RESET Low-line reset signal from U320 to uP...
VHF 136-162 MHz (8486769Z02-A) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists RX Back End (Overtone) U52-1 FL53 TC7W04F CFWC455E 0.1uF OUT 2 U52-2 100K TC7W04F IF_BAND_SEL 5V for 25kHz BW_SE L 0V for 12.5kHz 0.1uF FL54 CFWC455G 1 IN 47pF U52-3 3.3K SH50 SH52...
VHF 136-162 MHz (8486769Z02-A) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 7-19 VHF (136-162 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486769Z02-A) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113743N42 CAP, 47pF C159 2113743L21 CAP, 1500pF...
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7-20 VHF 136-162 MHz (8486769Z02-A) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C410 2311049A57 CAP, 10uF C477 2113743M24 CAP, 0.1uF D440 4805729G49 dual LED red/green, L140...
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VHF 136-162 MHz (8486769Z02-A) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 7-21 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. Q520 5180159R01 dual NPN, IMX1 R154 0662057V27 RES, 100K R402 0662057M98 RES, 10K...
VHF 136-162 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) 7-25 RX Back End (Overtone) U52-1 FL53 TC7W04F CFWC455E 0.1uF OUT 2 U52-2 100K TC7W04F IF_BAND_SEL 5V for 25kHz BW_SE L 0V for 12.5kHz 0.1uF FL54 CFWC455G 1 IN 47pF U52-3 3.3K SH50...
VHF 136-162 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) 7-37 VHF (136-162 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486769Z04-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113944A33 CAP, 47pF C159 2113945A10 CAP, 1500pF...
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7-38 VHF 136-162 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C410 2313960D07 CAP, 10uF C477 2113946K02 CAP, 100000pF D471 4809924D29 Diode High Voltage L263...
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VHF 136-162 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) 7-39 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0613952R13 RES, 33K R220 0613952Q53 RES, 150 R413 0613952R25 RES, 100K R491 0613952R66...
VHF 146-174 MHz (8486342Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 7-55 VHF (146-174 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486342Z13-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113743N42 CAP, 47pF C159 2113743L21 CAP, 1500pF...
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7-56 VHF 146-174 MHz (8486342Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C411 2113743M24 CAP, 0.1uF C480 2113743E20 CAP, 0.1uF E453 2480640Z01 BK1005HM471 L265...
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VHF 146-174 MHz (8486342Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 7-57 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0662057N23 RES, 100K R243 0662057M81 RES, 2K R431 Not_Placed RES, 100K R506 0662057M50...
VHF 146-174 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) 7-73 VHF (146-174 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486769Z04-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113944A33 CAP, 47pF C159 2113945A10 CAP, 1500pF...
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7-74 VHF 146-174 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C410 2313960D07 CAP, 10uF C477 2113946K02 CAP, 100000pF D471 4809924D29 Diode High Voltage L263...
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VHF 146-174 MHz Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists (8486769Z04-C) 7-75 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0613952R13 RES, 33K R220 0613952Q53 RES, 150 R413 0613952R25 RES, 100K R491 0613952R66...
Chapter 8 403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation Introduction This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio components. Schematic diagrams for the circuits described in the following paragraphs are located in Chapter 12 of this manual. UHF Receiver The UHF receiver covers the range of 403-440 MHz and provides switchable IF bandwidth for use with 20/25/30 kHz or 12.5 kHz channel spacing systems.
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Receiver The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 4-pole Butterworth shunt-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 MHz centered at 462 MHz, and insertion loss of 3.5 dB.
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Transmitter UHF Transmitter The UHF transmitter covers the range of 403-440 MHz. Depending on model, the output power of the transmitter is either switchable on a per-channel basis between high power (4 watts) and low power (1 watt), or is factory preset to 2 watts.
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 8.3.4 Antenna Matching Network The harmonic filter presents a 50Ω impedance to antenna jack J140. A matching network, made up of C140-C141 and L140, is used to match the antenna impedance to the harmonic filter. This optimizes the performance of the transmitter and receiver into the impedance presented by the antenna, significantly improving the antenna's efficiency.
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry SPI_CLK, and SYNTH_CS (chip select) lines (U409 pins 100, 1 and 47 respectively). A logic high (3 V) from U201 pin 4 indicates to the microprocessor that the synthesizer is locked. Buffer Voltage Q280...
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry One of the auxiliary outputs of the synthesizer IC (AUX3, U201 pin 2) provides the TRB signal which determines the operating mode of the VCO, either receive or transmit. DATA (U401 Pin 100) DATA LOCK LOCK (U401 Pin 56)
403-440 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: Keypad C267, and varactor D261. High-port audio modulation from the synthesizer IC is applied as VCO_MOD to varactor D262 which modulates the transmit VCO. AUX3 (U201 Pin 2) TRB_IN Pin 20 Pin 19 Pin 7 TX/RX/BS Pin 13 Switching Network...
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Chapter 9 438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation Introduction This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio components. Schematic diagrams for the circuits described in the following paragraphs are located in Chapter 12 of this manual. UHF Receiver The UHF receiver covers the range of 438-470 MHz and provides switchable IF bandwidth for use with 20/25/30 kHz or 12.5 kHz channel spacing systems.
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Receiver The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 4-pole Butterworth shunt-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 MHz centered at 462 MHz, and insertion loss of 3 dB.
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Transmitter UHF Transmitter The UHF transmitter covers the range of 438-470 MHz. Depending on model, the output power of the transmitter is either switchable on a per-channel basis between high power (4 watts) and low power (1 watt), or is factory preset to 2 watts.
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 9.3.4 Antenna Matching Network The harmonic filter presents a 50Ω impedance to antenna jack J140. A matching network, made up of C140-C141 and L140, is used to match the antenna impedance to the harmonic filter. This optimizes the performance of the transmitter and receiver into the impedance presented by the antenna, significantly improving the antenna's efficiency.
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry SPI_CLK, and SYNTH_CS (chip select) lines (U409 pins 100, 1 and 47 respectively). A logic high (3 V) from U201 pin 4 indicates to the microprocessor that the synthesizer is locked. Buffer Voltage Q280...
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry One of the auxiliary outputs of the synthesizer IC (AUX3, U201 pin 2) provides the TRB signal which determines the operating mode of the VCO, either receive or transmit. DATA (U401 Pin 100) DATA LOCK LOCK (U401 Pin 56)
438-470 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: Keypad C267, and varactor D261. High-port audio modulation from the synthesizer IC is applied as VCO_MOD to varactor D262 which modulates the transmit VCO. AUX3 (U201 Pin 2) TRB_IN Pin 20 Pin 19 Pin 7 TX/RX/BS Pin 13 Switching Network...
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Chapter 10 465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation 10.1 Introduction This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio components. Schematic diagrams for the circuits described in the following paragraphs are located in Chapter 12 of this manual. 10.2 UHF Receiver The UHF receiver covers the range of 465-495 MHz and provides switchable IF bandwidth for use with 20/25/30 kHz or 12.5 kHz channel spacing systems.
10-2 465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Receiver The output of the RF amplifier is applied to the interstage filter, a fixed-tuned 4-pole Butterworth shunt-coupled resonator design having a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 MHz centered at 480 MHz, and insertion loss of 3.3 dB.
465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Transmitter 10-3 10.3 UHF Transmitter The UHF transmitter covers the range of 465-495 MHz. Depending on model, the output power of the transmitter is either switchable on a per-channel basis between high power (4 watts) and low power (1 watt), or is factory preset to 2 watts.
10-4 465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 10.3.4 Antenna Matching Network The harmonic filter presents a 50Ω impedance to antenna jack J140. A matching network, made up of C140-C141 and L140, is used to match the antenna impedance to the harmonic filter. This optimizes the performance of the transmitter and receiver into the impedance presented by the antenna, significantly improving the antenna's efficiency.
465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry 10-5 SPI_CLK, and SYNTH_CS (chip select) lines (U409 pins 100, 1 and 47 respectively). A logic high (3 V) from U201 pin 4 indicates to the microprocessor that the synthesizer is locked. Buffer Voltage Q280...
10-6 465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry One of the auxiliary outputs of the synthesizer IC (AUX3, U201 pin 2) provides the TRB signal which determines the operating mode of the VCO, either receive or transmit. DATA (U401 Pin 100) DATA LOCK...
465-495 MHz UHF Theory Of Operation: Keypad 10-7 C267, and varactor D261. High-port audio modulation from the synthesizer IC is applied as VCO_MOD to varactor D262 which modulates the transmit VCO. AUX3 (U201 Pin 2) TRB_IN Pin 20 Pin 19 Pin 7 TX/RX/BS Pin 13...
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Chapter 11 UHF Troubleshooting Tables 11.1 Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Table 11-1. Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Radio Dead (no 1. Battery dead or defec- Substitute known good battery or Charge or replace battery. turn-on beep, no tive.
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11-2 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Receiver Table 11-1. Troubleshooting Table for Receiver (Continued) Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action No Audio 1. Synthesizer out of lock Verify U201-4 is at 3V dc. Troubleshoot synthesizer/VCO circuits. 2. Defective IFIC Verify audio is present at U51-8.
UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer 11-3 11.2 Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer Table 11-2. Troubleshooting Table for Synthesizer Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Synthesizer Out of 1. VCO fault Verify oscillator is working, check RF Check VCO tank components Lock (RX mode level at U251-10 per schematic.
11-4 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter 11.3 Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Table 11-3. Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action No Transmit (no TX 1. PTT switch defective. Verify U401-71 goes low when PTT Replace PTT switch S441. LED indication) is pressed.
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter 11-5 Table 11-3. Troubleshooting Table for Transmitter (Continued) Symptom Possible Causes Procedure Corrective Action Poor TX range, 1. RF test jack defective Verify continuity of J140 pins 3 and 4 Replace J140. conducted power in RX mode only.
11-6 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11.4 Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) RF input 44.85 MHz 1.20 IFIC RF input decoupling...
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11-7 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U110 RF input (TX mode) RF Power Amp Vgg (gate bias) 2.65 (typ) (TX mode) (4.25V typ at VHF) 6.59...
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11-8 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U201 Ref osc XTAL2 Freq Synthesizer Ref osc warp output 3.00 Superfilter cap 4.48 Superfilter base (NU)
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11-9 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U251 Prescaler output 2.26 VCO / Buffer TX switch output (NU) 0.06 Vcc_BUFFERS 3.00...
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11-10 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PB1_ADDR9 3.05 Microprocessor PB2_ADDR10 0.16 3.23 PBO_ADDR8 3.05 PB5_ADDR13 0.13 PG1_XA14 0.20 PG4_XA17...
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11-11 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PH1_PW2 3.00 Microprocessor PH0_PW1 3.23 Synth chip select XIRQ 3.00 1.48 RX enable 0.01...
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11-12 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U401 PA3_IC4_OC5_OC1 3.00 Microprocessor PA4_OC4_OC1 Squelch detect input PA5_OC3_OC1 Channel activity input PA6_OC2_OC1 PA7_PA1_OC1 VSSR...
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11-13 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U404 3.17 Flash ROM 0.30 0.22 3.03 3.08 3.06 0.24 3.08 3.05 3.05 0.69...
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11-14 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U451 GCB1 general purpose output ASFIC_CMP GCB0 general purpose output 3.00 BW select (25 kHz mode) Squelch channel activity output To U401-84...
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UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals 11-15 Table 11-4. Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals (Continued) IC Designator Pin Function DC Voltage Comments (Condition) U480 Unit 1 output 2.48 Dual Opamp Unit 1 (-) input 2.48 Unit 1 (+) input 2.46...
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11-16 UHF Troubleshooting Tables: Troubleshooting Table for Board and IC Signals Notes: June, 2005 6881096C25-B...
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Chapter 12 UHF Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12.1 Introduction This section provides schematic diagrams, overlays, and parts lists for the radio circuit boards and interface connections. 12.1.1 Notes For All Schematics and Circuit Boards * Component is frequency sensitive. Refer to the Electrical Parts List for value and usage. 1.
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12-2 UHF Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists: Introduction Ref. No. Series Circuit Block 301-400 DC Regulation 401-450 Microprocessor 451-550 Audio 7. Circuit Block Interconnection Legend: Name Description USWB+ Unswitched Battery Voltage (always on) 5 volts (regulated) 5 volts in RX mode only 5 volts in TX mode only RESET Low-line reset signal from U320 to uP...
UHF 403-440 MHz (8486635Z03-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-7 RX Back End (Overtone) U52-1 FL53 TC7W04F CFWC455E 0.1uF OUT 2 U52-2 100K TC7W04F IF_BAND_SEL 5V for 25kHz BW_SE L 0V for 12.5kHz FL54 0.1uF CFWC455G 1 IN U52-3 47pF 3.3K SH50...
UHF 403-440 MHz (8486635Z03-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-11 Controller SW_B +3 V VS_AUDIO_SEL CNTL_PWR_SET OPT_MI C PWR_SET PWR_SET OPT_TX_AUD_FLAT_RETURN CNTL_DEMO D DEMO D DEMOD OPT_TX_AUD_RETURN CNTL_BW_SEL OPT_TX_AUD_SEN D BW_SEL BW_SEL AUDI O OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_DETECTO R OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_UNMUTED MOD_OUT MOD_OUT CNTL_16_8_MHZ OPT_RX_AUD_RETURN 16_8_MHZ...
UHF 403-440 MHz (8486635Z03-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-19 UHF (403-440 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486635Z03-O) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113743N46 CAP, 68pF C152 2113743L07 CAP, 390pF...
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12-20 UHF 403-440 MHz (8486635Z03-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C406 2113743N50 CAP, 150pF C475 2113743L48 CAP, .022uF D262 4862824C01 1SV229 L211...
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UHF 403-440 MHz (8486635Z03-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-21 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0662057M43 RES, 51 R206 Not_Placed RES, 100 R421 0662057V27 RES, 100K R499 Not_Placed...
UHF 438-470 MHz (8486348Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-25 RX Back End (Overtone) U52-1 FL53 TC7W04F CFWC455E 0.1uF OUT 2 U52-2 100K TC7W04F IF_BAND_SEL 5V for 25kHz BW_SE L 0V for 12.5kHz FL54 0.1uF CFWC455G 1 IN U52-3 47pF 3.3K SH50...
UHF 438-470 MHz (8486348Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-29 Controller SW_B +3 V VS_AUDIO_SEL CNTL_PWR_SET OPT_MI C PWR_SET PWR_SET OPT_TX_AUD_FLAT_RETURN CNTL_DEMO D DEMO D DEMOD OPT_TX_AUD_RETURN CNTL_BW_SEL OPT_TX_AUD_SEN D BW_SEL AUDI O BW_SEL OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_DETECTO R OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_UNMUTED MOD_OUT MOD_OUT CNTL_16_8_MHZ OPT_RX_AUD_RETURN 16_8_MHZ...
UHF 438-470 MHz (8486348Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-37 UHF (438-470 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486348Z13-C) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113743N46 CAP, 68pF C137 2113740F59 CAP, 220pF...
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12-38 UHF 438-470 MHz (8486348Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C400 Not_Placed CAP, .022uF C467 2113743L19 CAP, 1200pF D201 4862824C03 1SV232 L131...
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UHF 438-470 MHz (8486348Z13-C) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-39 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0662057N09 RES, 27K R162 0662057M98 RES, 10K R418 0662057N23 RES, 100K R496 Not_Placed...
UHF 465-495 MHz (8486634Z02-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-43 RX Back End (Overtone) U52-1 FL53 TC7W04F CFWC455E 0.1uF OUT 2 U52-2 100K TC7W04F IF_BAND_SEL 5V for 25kHz BW_SE L 0V for 12.5kHz 0.1uF FL54 CFWC455G 1 IN 47pF U52-3 3.3K SH50...
UHF 465-495 MHz (8486634Z02-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-47 Controller SW_B +3 V VS_AUDIO_SEL CNTL_PWR_SET OPT_MI C PWR_SET PWR_SET OPT_TX_AUD_FLAT_RETURN CNTL_DEMO D DEMO D DEMOD OPT_TX_AUD_RETURN CNTL_BW_SEL OPT_TX_AUD_SEN D BW_SEL BW_SEL AUDI O OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_DETECTO R OPT_RX_AUD_SEND_UNMUTED MOD_OUT MOD_OUT CNTL_16_8_MHZ OPT_RX_AUD_RETURN 16_8_MHZ...
UHF 465-495 MHz (8486634Z02-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-55 UHF (465-495 MHz) Radio Parts List (8486634Z02-O) Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Circuit Motorola Part No. Part No. Part No. Description Part No. 2113743N46 CAP, 68pF C137 2113740F59 CAP, 220pF...
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12-56 UHF 465-495 MHz (8486634Z02-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. C401 2113743M24 CAP, 0.1uF C470 2113743E20 CAP, 0.1uF D201 4862824C03 1SV232 L130...
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UHF 465-495 MHz (8486634Z02-O) Schematic Diagrams, Overlays, and Parts Lists 12-57 Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Circuit Motorola Description Description Description Description Part No. Part No. Part No. Part No. 0662057M92 RES, 5.6K R158 0662057M78 RES, 1.5K R417 0662057M98 RES, 10K R495 0662057M92...
INDEX Antenna Matching Network, UHF 403-440 MHz Theory Of Operation .......8-4 Antenna Matching Network, UHF 438-470 MHz Theory Of Operation .......9-4 Antenna Matching Network, UHF 465-495 MHz Theory Of Operation ......10-4 Antenna Matching Network, VHF 136-162 MHz Theory Of Operation........4-4 Antenna Matching Network, VHF 146-174 MHz Theory Of Operation........5-4 Antenna Switch, UHF 403-440 MHz Theory Of Operation..........8-3 Antenna Switch, UHF 438-470 MHz Theory Of Operation..........9-3...
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INDEX: DC Power Distribution Theory of Operation................2-1 DC Regulation and Distribution Theory of Operation............2-1 Disclaimer ..........................ii Document Copyrights......................ii Foreword ..........................ii Fractional-N Synthesizer, UHF 403-440 MHz Theory Of Operation ........8-5 Fractional-N Synthesizer, UHF 438-470 MHz Theory Of Operation ........9-5 Fractional-N Synthesizer, UHF 465-495 MHz Theory Of Operation .........10-5 Fractional-N Synthesizer, VHF 136-162 MHz Theory Of Operation ........4-5 Fractional-N Synthesizer, VHF 146-174 MHz Theory Of Operation ........5-5...
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INDEX: Keypad, VHF 146-174 MHz Theory Of Operation...............5-7 List of Figures........................ix List of Tables ........................xii Memory Usage Controller Theory of Operation ..............3-2 Microprocessor 7.3975 MHz Clock Controller Theory of Operation........3-4 Microprocessor Circuitry Controller Theory of Operation ............3-1 Microprocessor Power-Up, Power-Down and Reset Routine Controller Theory of Operation......................3-3 Notes For All Schematics and Circuit Boards, UHF ............12-1 Notes For All Schematics and Circuit Boards, VHF ............7-1...
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INDEX: Sensing of Externally-Connected Accessories Controller Theory of Operation....3-3 Serial Bus Control of Circuit Controller Blocks Theory of Operation........3-2 Service Aids ........................1-2 Six Layer Circuit Board, UHF ....................12-3 Six Layer Circuit Board, VHF ....................7-3 Speaker and Microphone Parts List, UHF.................12-3 Speaker and Microphone Parts List, VHF ................7-3 Speaker and Microphone Schematic, UHF ...............12-3 Speaker and Microphone Schematic, VHF .................7-3...
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INDEX: Transmitter Power Amplifier ................8-3 Antenna Switch....................8-3 Harmonic Filter ....................8-3 Antenna Matching Network ..................8-4 Power Control......................8-4 UHF Frequency Generation Circuitry ................8-4 Fractional-N Synthesizer ..................8-5 Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) ................8-6 Keypad ..........................8-7 UHF 438-470 MHz Theory Of Operation................9-1 Introduction........................9-1 UHF Receiver........................9-1 Receiver Front End....................9-1 Receiver Back End ....................9-2 UHF Transmitter ......................9-3...
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INDEX: Notes For All Schematics and Circuit Boards ............7-1 Six Layer Circuit Board....................7-3 Speaker and Microphone Schematic ................7-3 Speaker and Microphone Parts List ................7-3 VHF 136-162 MHz Theory Of Operation................4-1 Introduction ........................4-1 VHF Receiver........................4-1 Receiver Front-End ....................4-1 Receiver Back-End....................4-2 VHF Transmitter ......................4-3 Transmit Power Amplifier ..................4-3 Antenna Switch .......................4-3 Harmonic Filter ......................4-3...
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