Contents Contents ............3 INTRODUCTION TO THE ORION AND ITS USES .
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Link Menu - load and save configurations to and from an Orion unit ..... . 44 Remote Menu - load and save configurations to a remote unit ......45 SERIAL INTERFACE PARAMETERS .
INTRODUCTION TO THE ORION AND ITS USES The Orion is a flexible unit designed to help you build point-to-point links and Base station-to- multiple-Outstation networks, carrying serial user data, telemetry information, or both. In simpler configurations, no additional equipment is required. Each unit contains a modem and a transceiver, which can be ordered according to the frequencies and range required.
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The Orion is a radio modem with on-board telemetry inputs and outputs. It also contains supervisory software which supports links and addressed networks. It is available in a number of different versions to suit different applications, and has many user-programmable features, which may be locally or remotely set.
ORION MODES The Orion supports five modes of operation to enable you to build exactly the link or network you want. They are: U - User Data only R - repeater I - independent (standalone) telemetry + User Data E - externally-controlled telemetry + User Data L - data logging Depending on the mode you select, other features become available.
Mode U - Data Only The Orion can be used as a high-performance data modem without using its built-in telemetry capabilities, and can be ordered without telemetry hardware at a saving in cost. Mode U supports half-duplex or simplex serial User Data communication via Serial Port A. Typically, two modems will communicate half-duplex, but other topologies are possible: Using the address facilities of the Orion, many such pairs may share a frequency (on a time-sharing basis).
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One unit polls the other, volunteering its inputs, and the other replies with its inputs. Each then mimics the other’s inputs on its outputs. In either of these arrangements, alarms are sent spontaneously under predefined conditions unless suppressed, and are acknowledged by the other unit. See page 16. It is also possible to run a one-to-all topology in this mode, where the Base unit broadcasts its inputs regularly, and all other units duplicate them on their outputs.
Mode E - Externally-controlled Telemetry This mode is used where the inputs and outputs at many Outstations are individually interrogated and controlled by external SCADA equipment at a Base station. The Base unit relinquishes most of its functions to the SCADA equipment, which controls polling, input/output, acknowledgements, retries and alarm handling via Serial Port B.
Mode L - Data Logging Logging mode is used where equipment at many sites produces information, and there is a need to retrieve it periodically from a central location. At each site, an Orion Outstation stores serial data presented to Serial Port A, and relays it to the Base when it is polled. The Base polls addresses between one and the total number of sites, receiving the data and outputting it on Serial Port A which is connected to external logging equipment.
ADDRESSING In order that you can create systems containing two or more Orions, or even several separate systems, all on the same frequency, the Orion supports addressing. This works by having one or more groups each containing between two and 254 Orion units. Each Orion bears the number of a group to which it belongs, and its own unique number within that group.
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Group 0 messages are treated as broadcast, and are not acknowledged or replied to. Therefore they must not be used when Packet over-air protocol is used. Repeaters ignore messages with GroupID 0. GroupID 255 is reserved for future use, and is not a permitted value at present. Identities can be set with the following commands (see p.63 for detailed information): GroupID UnitID...
ALARMS AND ALERTS Alarms and Alerts only apply where there are telemetry inputs and outputs, and therefore only to Modes I and E. An alarm is a state where an input has fulfilled a specified condition in terms of magnitude, logic state, time etc.
Alarm Parameters Raise conditions Clear conditions Comms Poll period time Ack is not received to n (0=off) (ATS183) polls (Base) or poll is not and tolerable received within poll time Next poll is received number n of + 3s for n consecutive missing periods (Outstation) messages...
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Before going into failsafe mode, the unit transmits a message announcing that it will go into this mode unless a poll is received within a programmable time. If the poll is received, it responds in the usual way and goes back to normal operation. Otherwise it goes into failsafe mode.
SERIAL INTERFACE CONFIGURATION The Orion has no user-selectable switches or links, but is fully programmable via its serial data ports, using either the supplied Graphical User Interface described in Part Two of this manual, or the AT commands listed in Part Three. The serial ports are the same ones used during operation for User Data, SCADA and I/O.
TELEMETRY CONFIGURATION There are three basic telemetry modes, MI, ME and ML, with variations as explained on pages 10 to 13. This section looks at the parameters which are common to several modes, and the parameters which are mode-dependent. Common Parameters (MI and ME) Analogue input scaling (four inputs, 0-2.5V, 0-5V, 0-10V, 0-20mA* (ATS300n)
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(ATS170) Unit ID The Base unit is defined by having UnitID set to 0, and is responsible for polling if applicable. For one-to-one configurations, set the single Outstation to UnitID = 1. Although Outstations in a one-to-all configuration are always addressed together using a broadcast code, they should be given separate Unit IDs from 1 up to 254 so that they can be separately addressed for maintenance or distinguished for User Data purposes.
Mode E Parameters (ATS170) Unit ID The Base must have the UnitID 0 and is connected to the SCADA. The SCADA must insert UnitID 0 as the source in its messages so that replies are correctly routed on return. Outstations should be given Unit IDs from 1 up to 254, although they need not be contiguous.
Mode L Parameters (ATS170) Unit ID The Base is defined by being given the UnitID 0. Outstations should be given Unit IDs from 1 up to the number of Outstations, maximum 254, and must be contiguously numbered. Dest ID During normal polling, this setting is ignored: the destination is (Destination for dynamically controlled by the Base, and Outstation replies always go messages which...
USER DATA CONFIGURATION Some User Data configuration may be relevant in Modes I and E as well as U, because User Data may be carried beside telemetry in those modes. Mode U Parameters Unit ID The address of the unit. Since there is no distinction between Base and (ATS170) Outstation for Data Only, UnitID may be any value from 0 to 254 provided it is a unique address within the Group.
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buffer is empty, which may either be because there is no more data, or, in the case of a slow source, because transmission has outstripped the input. If a further byte appears in the buffer, the process is repeated. When set to End of Message, the transmission sequence is triggered by a break in the User Data input.
REPEATER CONFIGURATION A repeater serves a single group, relaying User Data or telemetry messages which it receives without alteration of any kind. The group must use addressing (i.e. not GroupID 0). It prevents proliferation of messages by maintaining a list of messages already relayed, which it ignores. Broadcast messages with the DestID 255 are relayed, but messages with a GroupID of 0 are ignored.
RADIO CONFIGURATION A number of different radio modules may be fitted to the Orion for different bands, powers etc. As part of the test and setup routine at the factory, most of the radio parameters will be set up to suit the module fitted, although you can alter them if necessary with reference to Part Two of this manual or the AT Command Reference starting on page 63.
Protocol Selection is a basic half-duplex link for asynchronous serial data. It has no error correction. TU also provides a half-duplex asynchronous serial data link, but it has Feed-forward Error Correction (FEC) so that many errors can be corrected. provides a half-duplex asynchronous serial data packet link with both FEC and requests for repeat transmission of corrupt packets to provide an error-free link.
OPTIONS WHEN ORDERING Many options are user-programmable, but the options below must be specified when ordering so that the correct version of the Orion can be supplied: OEM PCB version The Orion is available uncased as a PCB for mounting in OEM equipment. Modem Only version The Orion is also available as a straight radio modem without the telemetry in/out capability.
INSTALLATION Physical The cased version may be used freestanding or fixed using the four holes provided: Figure 7 - Orion (cased) dimensions and mounting (mm) Figure 8 - Orion (cased) clearance (mm) The PCB version should be mounted using the holes provided, and requires clearances as shown overleaf.
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Figure 9 - Dimensions of Orion PCB (mm) Figure 10 - Required mounting clearances for Orion PCB 1892 1335 - Orion Radio Modem Operating Instructions - v2.9 / Aug 2009...
Connections Power Front panel, locking power plug, 2 pole with 2.1mm centre pin. Centre conductor: +9 to +15V DC Outer conductor: 0V (connected to unit ground) Antenna Female BNC, 50O (or as radio connector on PCB version) Antenna connection for both transmit and receive. The antenna will typically be mounted directly onto this connector;...
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Serial Port A: User Data and AT Command interface RJ45 8-way female connector The interface is soft-configured to be RS232, RS422 or RS485 using command ATB2. RJ45 pin no: † RS232 NC NC DTR** RD out TD in* CTS out RTS in RS422 NC NC DTR**...
Earthing and Equipment Protection It is important that the unit be correctly earthed. Failure to do so makes it vulnerable to damage, especially where high-voltage equipment or voltage spikes are present. These points should be earthed to a common ground point: The power supply negative output.
INDICATIONS DURING OPERATION Three LED indicators are visible on the front panel, with the following meanings. Red text in this section indicates a problem which needs attention. 1892 1335 - Orion Radio Modem Operating Instructions - v2.9 / Aug 2009...
TEST AND FAULT-FINDING FACILITIES The Orion offers a number of facilities for checking correct operation, using the GUI (Part Two of this manual) or AT commands (page 63). If all else fails, it is possible to restore a unit to its factory state.
GUI Status Messages When the GUI is connected, you can read the unit serial number, firmware release, PSU voltage and general status on the main window. The yellow message panel shows any messages. At connection, it should display “Searching for parameters..modem parameters read OK!” If one or more errors exist, this will be displayed together with a single code number which you can give to Wood &...
Memory Parameters are stored in two different memory allocations, FLASH and EEPROM. When parameters are written to the unit using the GUI (not simply edited on-screen), both FLASH and EEPROM locations will be updated. When updating parameters using any AT-command, only the EEPROM is updated.
INTRODUCTION TO THE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) The Orion GUI is a program which runs on a PC under Windows, and provides a simple and convenient way to set up local or remote units. It is connected to Serial Port B of the local or Base unit, and offers tools to manage (save, retrieve etc.) as well as to edit configurations.
CONNECTING THE GUI TO AN ORION Ensure that the serial comms port of the PC which is used to run the GUI program is connected to the Orion Serial B port using a suitable cable as described on page 33. If your computer has no serial port, you need to use your computer’s USB port and a serial-to-USB adaptor: see Appendix D on page 85, 86.
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Click on the COM port listed at the top left-hand corner to which you have connected the Orion, e.g. COM1. This should establish contact with the Orion, and the window appearance should change, with the message Modem Connected displayed. The unit’s details are uploaded to the GUI and some are displayed.
CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT Configuration management is carried out using menu commands. Editing of individual parameters is carried out in the main area of the GUI. File Menu - load and save configurations to disk Any parameters currently being edited in the GUI are overwritten when a configuration is loaded.
Factory Settings Read Load all parameters (including passworded) from the Orion Factory Settings memory to the GUI editing window. Factory Settings Write Password protected. Write all parameters (only including passworded when passwords have been entered) from the GUI editing window to the Orion Factory Settings memory. Progress is reported on- screen, and the configuration is read back for verification.
SERIAL INTERFACE PARAMETERS To change the parameters for either port of the Orion, select the values you want on the Serial Interface tab. Serial Port A can be set to many protocols, and is used for User Data. Serial Port B has relatively fixed protocols, and is used for configuration and telemetry (SCADA).
Addressing Section Addressing on page 14 explains the addressing scheme used by the Orion in detail. If you intend to use no addressing at all, select the No Addressing checkbox and ignore the other addressing details. This is only available in Mode U. Remember that repeaters cannot be used in such a network.
Polling Poll timer unit is multiplied by the Poll timer time to allow times from 100ms to 182 hours (over a week). In Mode I, leaving this at zero enables Spontaneous Mode, which is not polled. Entering a time makes the Base poll with that frequency, and the Outstation expect a poll and raise an alarm if it is not received with that frequency.
Analogue In/Out Configuration These tabs apply to Modes I and E only. Figure 17 - Mode E Analogue Config tab on lower set Figure 18 - Mode I Analogue Config tab on lower set The Analogue Configuration tab sets the configuration of the four analogue input ports (ADC) and output ports (DAC).
Analogue Alarms Figure 19 - Analogue Alarms tab on lower set Each input can transmit an alarm message back to the Base if certain conditions are met or exceeded. To generate an alarm, the level must go above or below (depending on the Trigger setting) the level entered into the Trip Level...
Digital Alarms Figure 21 - Digital Alarm tab on lower set Each input can transmit an alarm message back to the Base if certain conditions are met or exceeded. A normal digital input must make the transition indicated by the Trigger setting and remain there for at least the time entered into the...
GENERAL PARAMETER CONFIGURATION Figure 22 - General Parameters tab Factory-set Parameters These parameters are to mainly do with the radio module used, and are set up in the factory. They require the Level 2 password to unlock them before they can be adjusted. Transmitter key-up time: This time in ms is allowed to elapse before any data is sent, to ensure that the radio is ready.
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received, before regarding it as lost and a communications failure to exist. Equivalent to the ATIPRT command. Test Message Period: The time which is allowed to elapse in between transmissions of the test string in response to the ATI3 command, in tens of milliseconds. TX Priority: Don’t TX on busy channel: Normally, the Orion will not transmit if the squelch indicates that there is already a transmission on frequency.
Additional Logging Parameters When Mode L Base station is selected, additional parameters become available on the Parameters tab. Figure 23 - ML Base Parameters tab Poll timer unit (100ms, 1sec or 10sec) is multiplied by the Poll timer time to allow times from 100ms to 182 hours (over a week).
RADIO FREQUENCY Figure 24 - Radio Frequency tab Select the Radio Frequency tab to set the operating frequency. The tab displays the radio type and TX and RX frequency. For convenience, the frequency is set by three drop-down lists containing valid channel frequencies within the radio bandwidth.
RADIO PARAMETERS Figure 25 - Radio Parameters tab User Option Radio Power can be set to High or Low. The exact output depends on the radio module fitted. You do not need a password in order to set this parameter. Radio Parameters All other selections on this tab require the Radio Parameters password to be entered.
DATA LOGGING USING THE GUI The GUI can store and display data and housekeeping information for a number of Outstations in ML mode. Click the Tools>Data Logging menu item, and the Data Logging window shown in Figure 26 will show. Figure 26 - Data Logging Window Data and alarm messages are displayed, and an option for file storage;...
TROUBLESHOOTING AND MAINTENANCE Firmware update If new Orion firmware version is available, the new release can be uploaded to the Orion FLASH memory. No additional equipment is required. Select Link > Firmware Update, select the new HEX firmware file in the dialog box, double click on it, and the update sequence will start automatically.
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Engineering > TX Carrier, no timeout Engineering > TX Preamble, no timeout Engineering > TX Random Data, no timeout Only for use by W&D engineers. As above, but with no automatic timeout. Password protected. Stop TX Test The test in progress will be terminated and the Orion will go back to normal operation. Remote Tests The Remote Station ID must be entered in the field just above the yellow text area, either by typing it or selecting it from the drop-down list if this was used.
Figure 27 - Link Quality Monitoring Help The selection Troubleshooting > Technical support brings up an email addressed to Wood & Douglas technical support, containing a summary of information which will be useful in solving any problem. Help > Help Contents brings up online help. Help >...
APPENDIX A: AT COMMAND REFERENCE Normally the GUI is the best way to configure, control and interrogate a local Orion unit. However, if you want to use your own equipment and software to do this, you can use either of the serial ports to send ASCII AT commands and receive replies, which are listed in this Appendix.
If any of these conditions is not fulfilled, then the string "+++" will be transmitted as normal data. Note that one or more consecutive “+” characters in the input data may be held in the unit until it is determined that it is not a Command Mode instruction. Command Syntax Once in Command Mode, commands are issued by sending codes consisting of ASCII characters.
Leading zeros and the plus sign for positive values may be entered or omitted. Thus these strings are considered valid entries for a parameter shown as xxx: +001 whereas 0001 is not (too many places). Where a number of places are shown after a decimal point, the decimal point must be entered, but no leading zero is required before the point, and not all the trailing spaces need be filled.
The unit is now ready for normal data transmission, and if a new baud rate was set, it now comes into effect. A Note About Baud Rate The baud rate which you set on port Serial A and Serial B, using commands ATB0 ATB3 respectively, applies both to User Data/telemetry commands and also to AT Command Mode.
AT Commands and Parameters Reference These tables are for firmware 08.03.05, Date: 09/03/2008. Enhancements may be made to the registers and parameters available in later versions.. Management Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Range Meaning of Values Default Syntax Value...
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Unit Supervision and Test Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Meaning of Values Default Syntax Range Value Master control of whether Outstation ATS330=m ATS330? Enable/inhibit No transmissions may be may initiate transmission (spontaneous, initiated ack or alarm). Transmissions may be initiated Failsafe behaviour for whole unit ATS188=b...
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Over-Air Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Range Meaning of Values Default Syntax Value The following parameters are fixed properties of, or values appropriate to, the radio, which the system needs to know. Top of switching bandwidth ATFHB=xxxx.xxxxxxx ATFHB? xxxx.xxxxxxx...
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Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Meaning of Values Default Syntax Range Value Operating Frequency AT&F=xxxx.xxxxxx AT&F? xxxx.xxxxxx Transmit frequency Depends on Frequency in MHz radio Over air protocol ATM0=pp ATM0? Code for protocol Transparent (sampling) mode Standard mode FEC mode Packet mode...
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Serial Ports Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Range Meaning of Values Default Syntax Value Baud rate on primary serial port ATB0=b ATB0? Code for baud rate 4800 9600 19200 38400 1200 2400 Parity on primary serial port ATB1=p ATB1? Code for parity...
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Addressing and Polling Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Meaning of Values Default Syntax Range Value Group ID ATS169=nnn ATS169? Group ID Ignore addressing 1 to 254 Normal group addresses Broadcast group Unit ID (sent as SourceID with over-the- ATS170=nnn ATS170? Unique Unit ID...
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Telemetry Input/Output Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Meaning of Values Default Syntax Range Value Digital input n configuration ATS312n=p,t,d,s ATS312n? Input number 1 to 4 Pulse count or digital input 0 or 1 0 = digital input, 1 = pulse counter Dig alarm enable/ No alarm Count to trigger alarm...
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Command Parameters Description Set Syntax Read Parameter Description Value or Meaning of Values Default Syntax Range Value Dead band and dwell time for ATS304n=l,t ATS304n? Input number 1 to 4 spontaneous reporting of analogue Dead band 0 to 255 ADC bits port n Dwell time 0 to 255...
APPENDIX B: OVER-AIR COMMAND CODES Normally the GUI is the best way to configure, control and interrogate a remote Orion unit. However, if you want to use your own equipment and software to do this, you can use the serial port of the local Orion to send over-air commands and receive corresponding replies, which are listed in this Appendix.
Message Syntax Prefix byte marking start of all messages A byte containing the ID number 0-254 of the source in binary A byte containing the ID number 0-254 of the source in binary Note that Base station will always be ID = 0 1 byte data (a can be any letter) aaaa 2 byte data (a can be any letter)
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Description Read Syntax Base Command Outstation Reply Base Command Outstation Reply Unit Poll Outstation (“Are 04 IDS IDD 20 CH 04 IDS IDD 50 Level: byte bbbb contains a value 0 to 1023, where 0 = 0V and you there?” and battery bbbb CH 1023 = 20.46V DC level).
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Description Read Syntax Base Command Outstation Reply Base Command Outstation Reply Digital Ports Digital inputs 04 IDS IDD 41 CH 04 IDS IDD 71 nn CH State: byte nn bits 0 to 3 represent ports 1 to 4 respectively. Value 0 = Low, 1 = High Set digital outputs (all 04 IDS IDD 24...
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Description Read Syntax Base Command Outstation Reply Base Command Outstation Reply Analogue Ports Analogue input levels 04 IDS IDD 40 04 IDS IDD 70 Level: bytes mmmm, nnnn, oooo, pppp represent ports 1 to 4 mmmm, nnnn, oooo, respectively. Value 0 to 1023 represents proportion of full scale pppp CH output.
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Description Read Syntax Base Command Outstation Reply Base Command Outstation Reply Alarms initiated by Outstation (expecting ack 04 IDS IDD 16 CH from Base station) Announce entry into 04 IDS IDD 67 CH To stop the outstation proceeding into failsafe state, the base Failsafe state station must poll it with any valid command.
APPENDIX C: ATT? PARAMETER STRING STRUCTURE The Orion responds to the ATT? command by returning the data which could be obtained by issuing all the read commands (those ending in a question mark). It is chiefly intended to be read by a computer, and is therefore presented with few annotations. The data is presented as a number of strings separated with <CRLF>, and each string consists of a series of comma-separated fields.
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ATS165 Number of preambles ATS166 Frame sync tolerance ATS156 RSSI for last message received. XX=no data ATS158 Received data quality (DQ). XX=no data ATS169 Group ID ATS170 Unit ID ATS171 Destination ID ATS172 Low PSU trip level ATS172 High PSU trip level ATS172 Low PSU dwell time ATS172...
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ATS3142 Read digital input 2 state ATS1812 Pulse count at digital input 2 (no reset) <CRLF> [new line] DIGITAL INPUT 3 [Literal-text annotation] ATS3123 Digital input 3 pulse or digital ATS3123 Digital input 3 alarm enable/count ATS3123 Digital input 3 dwell time or min pulse width ATS3123 Digital input 3 trigger direction ATS3143...
APPENDIX D: SERIAL TO USB ADAPTOR Some laptops and PCs are no longer supplied with RS232 serial ports; in this case, a USB- to-RS232 adaptor can be used to connect the PC running the GUI to the Orion. Wood & Douglas have tried a range of adaptors and recommend the EasySync US232B/LC, which has been tested with Windows 2000 and Windows XP.
APPENDIX E: SPECIFICATIONS Versions Radio modem with telemetry, user data or both Power supply External 9 to 15V DC, 0V earthed (not a floating supply) <100mA RX, <1000mA TX (1W RF out) Front panel connection via locking 2.1mm power plug. Earthing Unit chassis, supply negative, antenna screen, data ground and telemetry ground connections should be earthed to a common point...
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User data rates Depends on over-air rate and transmission mode / packet size chosen. Can be calculated as follows: Message overhead: 50 bytes FEC takes 28% of remaining (non-header) bytes if used. Packet Mode overhead: 52 bytes per message (plus wait for 50 byte acknowledgement).
APPENDIX F: DIN RAIL MOUNTING ACCESSORIES There are two types of DIN rail adaptor which can be used to bring out the inputs and outputs of the Orion at a DIN rail. (An adaptor is also available to mount the Orion unit itself on a DIN rail, not shown here.) Each adaptor is connected to the Orion via an 8-way male RJ45 to male RJ45 cable wired pin-to-pin.
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Digital Inputs, Analogue Inputs, Analogue Outputs: Adaptor 01146 0200 A Digital inputs: connect to Port 2 on the Orion Analogue inputs: connect to Port 3 on the Orion Analogue outputs: connect to Port 4 on the Orion Connector pins are used as follows: Port 1 Port 2 Port 3...
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Digital Outputs: Adaptor 01146 0201 A Digital outputs and Alert: connect to Port 1 on the Orion Connector pins are used as follows: Pin No. Port 1 Ports 2 - 4 Digital Out Digital In / Analogue Alert option Relay Open collector N.C.
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Notes: This adaptor converts all four digital outputs to floating SPDT relay contacts. The Alert output is a relay or open-collector output, depending on how the unit was ordered, and is not converted. If the Alert output is to be used, and is an open collector output, the 0V return is via PL1. If LED indication is required when an output is in its energised state, 12V at up to 40mA must be provided via connector PL1, which may be taken from the same supply as the Orion.
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