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SEFRAM 4451 Operating Manual

50 mhz programmable pulse generator
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SEFRAM 4451
50 MHz PROGRAMMABLE
PULSE GENERATOR
OPERATING MANUAL

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  • Page 1 SEFRAM 4451 50 MHz PROGRAMMABLE PULSE GENERATOR OPERATING MANUAL...

  • Page 2: Operating Manual Sefram

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 INDEX Page SAFETY SUMMARY Section General Information Introduction Description Safety Remarks Specifications Section Installation Introduction Initial Electrical Inspection Instrument Mounting Power Requirements Grounding Requirements Signal Connections GPIB Connections Section Operating Instructions Introduction Menu Keys 3.10 Power-On Settings 3.12...
  • Page 4 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 Section Performance Check Procedure Introduction Test Equipment Electrical Checkout Performance Tests Declaration of conformity M4451 A00...

  • Page 5: Safety Summary

    DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY THE INSTRUMENT Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modifications to this instrument. Return the instrument to SEFRAM or any certified center for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.
  • Page 6 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 WARNING: To avoid electrical shock hazard, disconnect power cord before removing covers. Refer servicing to qualified personnel. CAUTION: Before connecting the line cord to the AC mains, check the rear panel AC line voltage indicator. Applying a line voltage other than the indicated voltage can destroy the AC line fuses.
  • Page 7 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...

  • Page 8: Section 1 General Information

    The pulses can be output in continuous, triggered, gated or burst mode with an internal or external trigger signal. The SEFRAM 4451 can be remotely operated via the RS-232 or the IEEE488 interface bus and is SCPI compatible. 1.3 Safety Remarks The SEFRAM 4451 is a SAFETY CLASS 1 instrument.

  • Page 9: Specifications

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 SPECIFICATIONS The following specifications describe the instrument performance after a 20 minute warm-up period into a 50 ohms load. All timing characteristics are measured at 50% of amplitude with fastest edges. PULSE FUNCTIONS - One pulse at each selected period up to 50MHz repetition Single rate.
  • Page 10 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 - 10ns to (Period - 10ns off time). Range - Up to 6 digits, limited to 100 ps. Resolution - ±(0.5% of setting +500 ps) Accuracy - ±(0.5% of setting +3 ns) for the second pulse.
  • Page 11 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 100ns; 50ns-1.0us; 500ns-10us; 5.0us-100us; 50us-1.0ms; 500us-10ms, 5 ms – 100 ms. - 3 digits limited to 10 ps. Resolution - ±(5% of setting +2ns) Accuracy - <5% deviation from a straight line between 10% and 90% points, Linearity for transitions >...
  • Page 12 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 GPIB PROGRAMMING - IEEE-488.2 and SCPI compatible. Internal - 0-30 front panel selected. Address - SH1, AH1, T6, L4, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1,DT1, C0, E2. Subsets GENERAL -Non volatile, stores up to 99 complete panel settings. Last user setup also Memory retained at power down.
  • Page 13 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...

  • Page 14: Introduction

    Power Requirements The SEFRAM 4451 can be operated from any source of 100-240V +/-10% AC, at a frequency from 48Hz to 66Hz. The maximum power consumption is 50 VA.

  • Page 15: Grounding Requirements

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 2.6 Grounding Requirements To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an electrical ground. This instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the supplied, three-conductor ac power cable. The power cable must be plugged into an approved three-conductor electrical outlet.
  • Page 16 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 2.7.2 Impedance Matching A mismatch, or different impedance in a transmission line, generates a reflection back along the line to the source. The amplitude and polarity of the reflection are determined by the load impedance in relation to the characteristic impedance of the cable.
  • Page 17 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 For example: to match a 50Ω system to a 125Ω system, Z1 equals 50Ω and Z2 equals 125Ω Therefore: − Ω 125 125 50 96 8 Ω R2 50 64 6 − 125 50 Although the illustrated network provides minimum attenuation, for a purely resistive impedance-matching device, the attenuation as seen from one end does not equal that seen from the other end.

  • Page 18: Gpib Connections

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 than the combined rise times of the testing system, determine the actual rise time of the device under test by using the following formula: ) ..Rt equals the overall rise time or fall time of the entire measurement system and R1, R2, R3, etc. are the rise times or fall times of the individual components in the system.
  • Page 19 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 DB-9 pin Name Note Computer DB25 Direction Receive Data Transmit Data Signal ground Request to Send Clear to send 2.10 RS-232 Configuration Before connecting the RS-232 interface, the instrument must be properly configured. Select UTILITY menu and then F4 - RS232 for setting of the desired baud date.
  • Page 20 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...

  • Page 21: Operating Instructions

    3.2 Display Window The SEFRAM 4451 has a graphic LCD display that can display up to 160x80 dots. When power-on the unit, a parameter and current settings appear in the display. The bottom displays a menu that corresponds to the...
  • Page 22 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 output, parameter or mode displayed selected. 3.3 Front Panel Controls The front-panel controls select, display, and change parameter, function, and mode settings. Use the rotary input knob and the cursor movement keys to enter data into the pulse generator.

  • Page 23: Menu Keys

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 3.6 MENU Keys These keys select the main menus for displaying or changing a parameter, function or mode. 3.6.1 PARAM Menu This key selects and displays the pulse timing parameters, the double pulse mode and allows changing the parameter data.
  • Page 24 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 - This parameter is used in two instances. The first is to set the delay of the F3: DELAY pulse in the single pulse mode. The delay governs the time from the SYNC signal to the start of the pulse. The second instance is the double pulse mode.
  • Page 25 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 OUTPUT Menu - Selects the pulse high level voltage. F1: HILVL - Selects the pulse low level voltage. F2: LOLVL - Selects the predefine pulse output levels. In addition to being able to set the levels to...
  • Page 26 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 3.6.3 PULSE Menu PULSE Menu - Selects the pulse Rise time (Leading edge). F1: RISE - Selects the pulse Fall time (Trailing edge). F2: FALL - Selects equal Rise (Leading edge) and Fall (Trailing edge) times.
  • Page 27 F5: EXTWID - In the external width (EXT WID) pulse mode, the pulse period and width are determined by the externally applied signal. The SEFRAM 4451 then applies transition and level parameters to this signal in order to generate the pulse. The period, width and delay may be changed, but their change has no effect on the pulse, and their values are not displayed.
  • Page 28 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 Trigger Menu F1: MAN - Selects manual as the trigger source. Pressing the MAN TRIG key generates trigger. In the Gate trigger mode, the pulse is generated as long as the key is being pressed. - Selects the internal trigger generator as the trigger source. Change the internal F2: INT trigger rate displayed with the rotary input knob or numerical keys.
  • Page 29 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 SETUPS Menu - Recalls a previously stored front-panel setup from the selected buffer. Change F1: RECALL the buffer number by using the rotary input knob. Valid storage buffer numbers are from 1 to 99. Buffer 0 is the factory default setup; buffer 99 is the last front panel setup before power-off.

  • Page 30: Power-On Settings

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 GPIB Menu -Selects the RS232 remote control mode. After selection, the baud rate can be selected as F2: RS232 1200, 2400, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 or 115K. Always the RS-232 uses 8 bit data, 1 stop bit and no parity.
  • Page 31 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 When the pulse generator finishes the diagnostic self-test routine, it enters the local state (LOGS) and assumes power-on default settings if the POWER-ON setting is at 0. You can program the pulse generator for any settings you want at power on, as described earlier in this section.

  • Page 32: Pulse Definitions

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 Error messages for SEFRAM 4451 Message Text Cause Setting conflict Can't have this parameter set with other parameters. Trig rate short Internal trigger rate too short for pulse or burst. Empty location Attempt to restore a non existent setting.

  • Page 33: Parameter Limitations

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 SETTLING TIME is the interval required for the pulse level to enter and remain in the specified level ACCURACY RANGE, measured from the 90% AMPLITUDE point. 3.13 Pulse Parameter Limitations The following formulas express the limits on Period, Width, and Delay.
  • Page 34 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 (0.99 * Trig Rate) must be > (Period * Burst Count) M4451 A00...
  • Page 35 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...
  • Page 36 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...

  • Page 37: Overview

    This section provides detailed information on programming the SEFRAM 4451 via the IEEE 488 bus (GPIB - General Purpose Interface Bus). The SEFRAM 4451 is programmable over the IEEE 488 bus, and its message protocol is compatible with IEEE 488.2. The device command set is compatible with the SCPI 1992.0 standard.

  • Page 38: Message Exchange Protocol

    Program Message have been executed. The coupled commands are then grouped together according to their functionality, and executed as a group. All parameters of the SEFRAM 4451 are coupled.
  • Page 39 The Program Header represents the operation to be performed, and consists of ASCII character mnemonics. Two types of Program Headers are used in the SEFRAM 4451: Instrument-control headers and Common Command and Query headers. A Program Header may consist of more than one mnemonic, in which case the mnemonics are separated from each other by the colon (':').
  • Page 40 Program Message Units might have only the query form, such as SYSTEM:VERSION?. The SEFRAM 4451 puts the response to the query into the output queue, from where it may be read by the controller. The Status Byte MAV bit is set to indicate to the controller that a response is ready to be read.

  • Page 41: Status Reporting

    Error/event queue summary message (EVQ). This bit is set if the queue is not empty. Bit 3: Questionable Status summary message. This bit is not used by the SEFRAM 4451. Bit 4: Message Available (MAV) summary message. This bit is set whenever all or part of a message is available for the controller to read.
  • Page 42 Command Error (CME). This bit is set to indicate an error in the command syntax. Bit 6: User Request (URQ). This bit is not used by the SEFRAM 4451. Bit 7: Power On (PON). This bit is set when the device is powered on.
  • Page 43 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.10.5.1 Command Errors A command error is in the range -199 to -100, and indicates that a syntax error was detected. This includes the case of an unrecognized header. The occurrence of a command error causes the CME bit (bit 5) of the Standard Event Status Register to be set.
  • Page 44 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 A query error indicates that the output queue control has detected a problem. This could occur if either an attempt was made to read data from the instrument if none was available, or when data were lost. Data could be lost when a query causes data to be formatted for the controller to be read, and the controller sends more commands without reading the data.
  • Page 45 ASCII character 1 Example: PULS:PER 1US;*OPC? 4.11.3.3 *WAI - Wait-to-Continue Command This command is intended for use with overlapped commands. No commands in the SEFRAM 4451 are overlapped, and so this command has no effect. Command Type: Common Command Syntax *WAI 4.11.4 Status and Event Commands...
  • Page 46 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 COMMAND TYPE: Common Command or Query Syntax: *ESR? Response: <NR1> 4.11.4.4 *PSC - Power-On Status Clear Command This command is used to control the automatic power-on clearing of certain status functions. COMMAND TYPE: Common Command or Query COMMON COMMAND Syntax : *PSC<ws><Boolean>...

  • Page 47: Instrument Control Commands

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 Syntax: *TRG 4.11.6 Stored Settings Commands 4.11.6.1 *RCL - Recall Instrument State This command is used to restore the state of the device to that stored in the specified memory location. COMMAND TYPE: Common Command Syntax: *RCL<ws><NRf>...
  • Page 48 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 :DOUBle [:STATe] <Boolean> :DELay <NRf> :TRANsition [:LEADing] <NRf> :TRAiling <NRf> :AUTO <Boolean>|ONCE :POLarity NORMal|COMPlement|INVerted 4.12.1.1 Frequency The frequency command controls the frequency of the pulse in the continuous trigger mode. It is the inverse of the period.
  • Page 49 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 This command is used to set the low level of the pulse. COMMAND TYPE: Setting or Query SETTING Syntax: [:SOURce]:VOLTage[:LEVel][:IMMediate]:LOW<ws><low level>[units] Arguments: Type: Units: MV, V (default) Range: -10V to +9.5V Rounding: To 10mV Examples: :VOLT:LOW 4V...
  • Page 50 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 QUERY Syntax: [:SOURce]:VOLTage[:LEVel][:IMMediate]:PLOW? Examples: :VOLT:PLOW? Response: 4.12.1.6 Predefined Voltage Levels This command is used to set the pulse voltage levels to predefined values. Four predefined values are available as follows: CMOS: High level 5V; Low level 0V TTL: High level 2.4V;...
  • Page 51 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 QUERY Syntax: [:SOURce]:VOLTage:LIMit:LOW? Examples: :VOLT:LIM:LOW? Response: CONSIDERATIONS: The low limit cannot be set greater than the low level. 4.12.1.9 Pulse Period This command is used to set or query the period of the pulse. COMMAND TYPE:...
  • Page 52 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.12.1.11 Pulse Delay This command is used to set the delay from the trigger signal to the start of the pulse in single pulse mode. Although there exists a separate command for the double pulse delay, both commands affect the same delay, and so this command will also determine the time between the two pulses in the double pulse mode.
  • Page 53 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 SETTING Syntax: [:SOURce]:PULSe:HOLD<ws><option> Arguments: Type: Character Options: WIDTh, DCYCle Examples: :PULS:HOLD WIDTh :PULS:HOLD DCYC QUERY Syntax: [:SOURce]:PULSe:HOLD? Examples: :PULS:HOLD? Response: WIDT | DCYC 4.12.1.14 External Width This command is used to enable or disable the external width function. When enabled (ON), this function causes an externally applied pulse to be generated with the same width, but with transition times and output levels as specified by the instrument.
  • Page 54 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 This command is used to set the delay of the second pulse, from the time of the trigger, in the double pulse mode. It has exactly the same effect as the :PULSE:DELAY command, and is included in the command set for compatibility purposes.
  • Page 55 500us to 10ms 4.12.1.19 Transition Time Tracking The SEFRAM 4451 enables the transition times to be either independent of each other, or to track each other. With tracking set to ON, setting one of the transition times will cause the other transition time to be set to the same value.
  • Page 56 :PULS:POL INVerted QUERY Syntax: [:SOURce]:PULSe:POLarity? Examples: :PULS:POL? Response: NORM | COMP 4.12.1.21 Enhanced Accuracy This command is used to stay compatible with old MODEL 550. It does nothing on SEFRAM 4451. COMMAND TYPE: Setting or Query SETTING Syntax: [:SOURce]:PULSe:EACCuracy<ws><Boolean> Arguments: Type:...
  • Page 57 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 :BURSt <NRf> :SOURce <MANual> | INTernal | EXTernal | BUS :TIMer <NRf> :LEVel <NRf> :DELay <NRf> :SLOPe POSitive | NEGative 4.12.3.1 Trigger Mode This command is used to set the trigger mode. It is not a standard SCPI command.
  • Page 58 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 QUERY Syntax: :TRIGger:BURSt? Response: Examples: :TRIG:BURSt? 4.12.3.4 Internal Trigger Rate Sets the rate of the internal trigger. COMMAND TYPE: Setting or Query SETTING Syntax: :TRIGger:TIMer<ws><value>[units] Arguments: Type: Units: S (seconds), MS (milliseconds), US (microseconds), NS nanoseconds Range: 100NS to 99.99S...
  • Page 59 The OPERation and QUEStionable enable registers are cleared. The Positive transition filters are set to 32767. The Negative transition filters are set to 0. Since the Questionable and Operation status registers are not used in the SEFRAM 4451, the PRESet command has no real effect. COMMAND TYPE:...
  • Page 60 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 Communication with the instrument can be resumed only by setting the address to a suitable value from the front panel. COMMAND TYPE: Setting or Query SETTING Syntax: :SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess<ws><address> Arguments: Type: Range: 0 to 31 Rounding: To integer value...
  • Page 61 4.13.1 GET - Group Execute Trigger The GET is used by the SEFRAM 4451 as a trigger when it is in either the TRIGGER, GATE or BURST modes, with the trigger source set to BUS. It has the same effect as the *TRG common command.

  • Page 62: Scpi Command Tree

    Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.14 SCPI COMMAND TREE 4.14.1 Root Node Root [:SOURce] :OUTPut :TRIGger :STATus :SYSTem 4.14.2 SOURce Subsystem [:SOURce] :VOLTage :PULSe :FREQuency [:CW FIXed] :LIMit [:LEVel] <NRf> [IMMediate] :HIGH :LOW <NRf> <NRf> :HIGH :LOW :PHIGh :PLOW :PREDefined <NRf>...
  • Page 63 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.14.4 TRIGger Subsystem :TRIGger :BURSt :TIMer :LEVel :SLOPe <NRf> <NRf> <NRF> POS | NEG :MODE :SOURce CONT | TRIG | GATE | BURS INT | EXT | MAN | BUS 4.14.5 STATus Subsystem :STATus :OPERation :PRESet...
  • Page 64 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 :SYSTem :COMMunicate :ERRor? :SECurity :POBuffer :VERSion? :GPIB [:STATe]? <NRf> :ADDRess ON | OFF <NRf> M4451 A00...
  • Page 65 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.15 RS-232 Programming M4451 A00...
  • Page 66 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 4.15.1 General The INSTALLATION section of this manual describes the RS-232-C connection for the instrument. Be sure that you have the Remote Mode set to RS-232 and correctly set the baud rate. EIA standard RS-232-C specifies the electrical characteristics and pin out of a serial communication standard for connecting "data terminal equipment"...
  • Page 67 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 M4451 A00...
  • Page 68 Universal Counter 200MHz, dual channel Electrical Checkout This electrical checkout procedure verifies the SEFRAM 4451 Programmable Pulse Generator operation. Connect the generator main output to the scope input. Use a 50Ω termination and RG58 cable. Set the instrument as follows:...
  • Page 69 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 The following tests are intended to verify that the SEFRAM 4451 operates properly and meets its specifications. Perform the tests after a warm-up period of 30 minutes, at 25°C + 5°C ambient temperature. These tests may be used for periodic inspection and after repair. If the instrument does not meet its specification, please contact the SEFRAM service center.
  • Page 70 GPIB Capability Connect the SEFRAM 4451 generator to a controller. Each side of this connection must be fitted with a proper IEEE-488 interface. Operate the instrument via the GPIB bus and change setting as desired. This procedure assumes that the operator has some experience in programming the controller and is familiar with the GPIB standard.
  • Page 71 Operating Manual SEFRAM 4451 To contac us : SEFRAM Instruments et Systèmes 32, rue E. MARTEL BP55 F 42009 – SAINT-ETIENNE cedex 2 France Tel : 0825 56 50 50 (0,15€TTC/mn) Fax : 04 77 57 23 23 E-mail : sales@sefram.fr...
  • Page 72 Model Type : 4451 Compliance was demonstrated in listed laboratory and record in test report number La conformité à été démontrée dans un laboratoire reconnu et enregistrée dans le rapport numéro RC 4451 SAINT-ETIENNE the : Name/Position : Aug, 20 2008 T.

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