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Introducing the DMT interface
The Kurzweil DMT interface (known henceforth as the DMTi ) is a versatile
digital audio sample-rate and format convertor, which can synchronize the
sample-rate clocks of up to four independent stereo signals. It can work with
digital audio, bidirectionally, from Kurzweil K2500-series instruments, AES/
EBU sources, S/PDIF sources using either coaxial or optical cables, and
modular digital multitrack recorders such as the Alesis ADAT and TASCAM
DA-88. It makes working with multiple digital audio formats simple.
What's In the Box
• The DMTi itself
• AC power cord
• 3-meter "KDS" interface cable for connecting the DMTi with a K2500. (A
longer KDS interface cable—15 meters—is available from Kurzweil.)
You should save the DMTi 's packaging materials, in case you ever have to ship it.
Why Do I Need It?
Anyone who has tried to combine multiple digital audio signals while keeping
them in the digital domain knows that this can be extremely difficult. Clicks,
dropouts, speed changes, and other anomalies show up with regularity, often
with no consistency, in the result.
The reason for this is that the AES/EBU digital audio standard (and its
offshoot, the "consumer" or S/PDIF standard) has no provisions for externally
clocking the samples—in other words, every digital audio signal carries its
own timing information. This means that two signals from two different
sources will have no common timing reference, so when you try to combine
them, errors will occur that cause samples to be skipped or dropped,
producing various unpleasant audible artifacts.
Since the modern audio studio uses digital audio from a variety of sources,
including hard-disk audio systems, samplers, signal processors, mixers, DAT,
CD, and digital multitrack tape decks, the problem has become acute. One
common solution has been to convert all of the signals to analog before mixing
them, and thus avoid the problem of conflicting sample rates altogether. While
this is acceptable in some situations, it obviously defeats at least some of the
purpose of using digital audio in the first place.
However, if the sample-rate clocks of these sources can be coordinated so that
they are in perfect synchronization with each other while staying in the digital
domain, these problems can be avoided without resorting to analog solutions.
User's Guide
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Summary of Contents for Kurzweil DMT interface

  • Page 1 Introducing the DMT interface The Kurzweil DMT interface (known henceforth as the DMTi ) is a versatile digital audio sample-rate and format convertor, which can synchronize the sample-rate clocks of up to four independent stereo signals. It can work with...
  • Page 2: What Else Do I Need

    For hooking the DMTi up to an ADAT or DA-88, you’ll also need the appropri- ate interface option installed into the DMTi . Contact your Young Chang/ Kurzweil dealer if you have any questions. What Does It Do? The principle behind the DMTi is relatively simple, although it is being imple- mented with some very sophisticated technology.
  • Page 3: About This Manual

    Modular Digital AES1 Word Clock Multitrack AES2 optical Inputs Input Clock (derived) Select Clock (derived) Internal sample rate generator 44.1 kHz 48 kHz Audio Audio AES1 AES2 AES1 AES2 AES1 AES2 Output Sync Clock Select Destination 1 Destination 2 Destination 3 Destination 4 3-4 5-6 Master Sample-rate Clock...
  • Page 4 KDS digital input/output or KDFX digital effects option. It uses a 15-pin connector and a 3-meter custom cable, included with the DMTi . (A 15-meter version of the cable is available from Kurzweil dealers.) The sampling rate of the KDS bus is 48 kHz.
  • Page 5 MDM. The DMTi can be interfaced with a Modular Digital Multitrack tape deck using either of two options: The ADAT option, for use with Alesis, Fostex, and Panasonic decks, uses an optical connnector for audio and a DB-9 connector for synchronization. The pair labelled In is for signals from an ADAT.
  • Page 6 KDS Out. This output is designed for linking two DMTi s together, or linking the DMTi with other KDS-compatible equipment, including any K2500 Series instrument equipped with a KDFX board. Without the KDFX board, those instruments have only a single return input pair, and that pair is accessed, as described on Page 4, on the KDS In jack.
  • Page 7: Controls And Switches

    outing Source Source Source Source utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 WDCLK AES 2 Int 44.1K igital Int 48K ulti- rack interface Output Format Output Format ower Cnsmr...
  • Page 8 The Output Sync Clock Select control (which we’ll refer to as “Clock Se- lect”) determines the source of sample-rate synchronization for all of the digital outputs. Whichever source is selected will be the master clock for all of the signals at all of the outputs. You can select from one of the audio inputs (AES1, AES2, MDM, or KDS), or the Word Clock (“WDCLK”) input, or you can use the DMTi ’s highly-stable internal (“Int”) clock source, which can oper- ate at either 44.1K or 48K Hz.
  • Page 9: Cables And Adapters

    Cables and adapters The DMTi ships with a three-meter cable for connecting it to the Kurzweil Digital Stream (KDS). This cable is used to link the DMTi with a Kurzweil K2500-series instrument (equipped with the KDS or KDFX option), and/or to link two DMTi s together.
  • Page 10 You can easily make an adaptor to bring S/PDIF signals into the DMTi ’s AES/ EBU inputs. The shield of the RCA connector is wired to pins 1 and 3 of the XLR connector, and the center (hot) conductor of the RCA connector is wired to pin 2 of the XLR.
  • Page 11 Application This is one of the most useful applications of the DMTi . You can record from two to eight channels simultaneously from a Kurzweil K2500-series instrument directly to a modular digital multitrack recorder (“MDM”) such as an Alesis ADAT or TASCAM DA-88, without leaving the digital domain. The DMTi provides the proper signal conversions and also provides proper sync for recording on the digital multitrack.
  • Page 12 Settings • Determine which MDM tracks you want to record to, and choose a source pair from the K2500 for each pair of MDM tracks. Set the Destination knob that is assigned to each output pair (going to the MDM) so that its input is the desired pair coming from the KDS.
  • Page 13 KDS Out Clock Select must be set to MDM Knob positions choose sources when overdubbing KDS In Source: KDS A KDS C KDS B KDS D Source Source Source Source outing utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1...
  • Page 14 Modular Digital Multitrack to K2500 Application This is the reverse of the preceding scenario: you have a track on a modular digital multitrack tape which you want to load (sample) into the K2500 for manipulation and/or MIDI-triggered playback. What you need •...
  • Page 15 from digital multitrack DA-88: TDIF-1 I/O ADAT: Digital In & Sync In 01:23:45:29 to DMTi’s DA-88 or ADAT interface option Knob position chooses source Source: MDM 1-2 outing Source Source Source Source utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1...
  • Page 16 K2500 to AES/EBU Applications Sending the output of a K2500-series instrument’s 8-channel KDS bus to one or more AES/EBU devices. Examples: • Mastering to a DAT from the K2500 • Recording two or more channels from the K2500 to a hard-disk audio system •...
  • Page 17 K2500 outing Source Source Source Source utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 WDCLK (Clock) AES 2 Int 44.1K igital Int 48K ulti- rack interface Output Format Output Format ower...
  • Page 18 AES/EBU to K2500 Application Sending a channel pair from an AES/EBU device to a K2500-series instrument’s KDS bus input. Examples: • Sampling from a DAT deck, CD player, or digital mixer • Transferring a stereo pair from a multitrack deck or disk system to the K2500 •...
  • Page 19 AES/EBU device AES/EBU S/PDIF) Source Source Source Source outing utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 WDCLK AES 2 Int 44.1K igital Int 48K ulti- rack interface Output Format...
  • Page 20 K2500 to Pro Tools or other hard-disk system Application Recording two or more channels from a K2500-series instrument to a hard-disk audio system, such as Digidesign’s Pro Tools. What you need • The K2500 must be equipped with a KDS digital input/output or KDFX digital effects option.
  • Page 21 K2500 outing Source Source Source Source utput Sync Clock Select interface AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 AES 2 AES 1 WDCLK AES 2 Int 44.1K igital Int 48K ulti- rack interface Output Format Output Format ower...
  • Page 22 Modular Digital Multitrack to AES/EBU (including Pro Tools) Application Moving tracks back and forth between a modular digital multitrack tape recorder and one or more AES/EBU devices. Examples: • Dumping tracks from MDM to DAT, and perhaps changing the sample rate in the process.
  • Page 23 • If you are recording to the modular digital multitrack, and there are any tracks already recorded on the tape, you must set Clock Select to MDM, with one exception: if you are slaving the recorder to external word clock, then set the DMTi ‘s Clock Select to WDCLK and set the tape deck to slave to external word sync as well.
  • Page 24 Timecode issues SMPTE timecode is not carried along with the audio and clock data in any of the standard digital formats, and therefore the DMTi does not pass SMPTE timecode between devices. If you need to synchronize two devices’ SMPTE times, for example to transfer tracks from a modular digital multitrack to a hard-disk audio system while keeping everything locked to video, you will need to set up a specific connection between them for that purpose.
  • Page 25 AES to AES with resampling Application Converting an AES/EBU signal into a different AES or S/PDIF format and/or at a different sampling rate. Examples: • Making a dub of a 48-kHz DAT onto another DAT at 44.1 kHz. • Recording a CD (from a player with an S/PDIF output) onto a DAT or digi- tal videotape at 48 kHz.
  • Page 26 Up to four channels of AES/EBU or S/PDIF audio from digital sam- plers, signal processors, computer audio cards, DAT decks, and/or CD players can be combined this way, along with two or more channels from a Kurzweil K2500-series instrument.
  • Page 27 Settings • Set the Destination knobs for all of the pairs that you are using to either one of the AES inputs or one of the KDS pairs, as appropriate. • For your initial tracks, it is often easiest to use the MDM as the sync master: set Clock Select to MDM.
  • Page 28 AES/EBU or S/PDIF audio from digital samplers, signal processors, computer audio cards, DAT decks, and/or CD players can be combined this way, along with two or more channels from a Kurzweil K2500- series instrument. Note: if the mixer has DA-88- or ADAT-compatible inputs, you can treat it exactly as if it were a multitrack digital recorder (see Page 13).
  • Page 29 Settings • Set the Destination knobs for all of the pairs that you are using to either one of the AES inputs or one of the KDS pairs, as appropriate. • Set Clock Select to one of the Int settings or WDCLK, as appropriate. •...
  • Page 30 DMTi s, one equipped with the DA-88 (TDIF-1) option and the other with the ADAT option, linked together using the Kurzweil Digital Stream. Hookup • Connect the ADAT-format modular digital multitrack to the MDM jack of the ADAT option-equipped DMTi , using the cables provided with the recorder for connecting two decks together: two optical cables and two sync cables.
  • Page 31 Settings On the source DMTi , set Destination 1 through 4 to MDM 1-2, MDM 3-4, MDM 5-6, and MDM 7-8, respectively. Set Clock Select to MDM, unless you are using external word clock to control the source deck, in which case set it to WDCLK.
  • Page 32 Timecode and machine control issues SMPTE timecode is not carried along with the audio and clock data on the DA-88 or ADAT buses, and therefore in this setup the DMTi will not pass SMPTE timecode between the two tape recorders. If you want to preserve SMPTE numbers over the tape transfer, you will need to set up a specific connection between the two decks for that purpose.
  • Page 33: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting The great majority of errors in any digital audio system are caused by prob- lems with digital synchronization, or clocks. The DMTi is designed to solve these problems, but as in any complex system, a thorough understanding of how these problems occur is necessary for you to get the DMTi to perform correctly.
  • Page 34 This is caused by the way the DMTi handles certain data in the digital audio stream. In the AES/EBU digital word is a set of bits known as the “channel status field” which contains, among other information, a flag denoting the sample rate of the signal being transmitted.
  • Page 35 Another alternative is to use a common source of word clock for both the DMTi and the receiving device, assuming that the receiving device has an input for it. Make sure that the receiving device is explicitly set up to sync to word clock—this may be a hardware or software setting, depending on the design.
  • Page 36 Appendix A: Setting the ADAT Option for Multiple-Machine Synchronization In a system with multiple ADAT-format tape decks, one and only one of the decks must act as sync master for all of the others. It must also act as sync master for any device providing digital audio to any of the decks, and that includes the DMTi .
  • Page 37 Appendix Kurzweil Digital Stream (KDS) Interface Overview The KDS interface transmits eight channels of 26-bit or 32-bit audio data per channel unidirectionally. The 26-bit version is called “KDS26” and the 32-bit version is called “KDS32”. The sample rate of KDS audio data is 32K–48K per second ±...
  • Page 38 KDS Interface Timing The KDS physical layer interface consists of three signals; KDS Clock, KDS Sync, and KDS Data. The KDS Clock is a clock signal whose frequency equals 208x or 256x the sample rate, for 26 or 32 bits per channel, respectively. The KDS Sync pulse is valid for one clock cycle each sample frame, such that the Most Significant Bit (MSB) of the first audio channel is valid in the first clock cycle following the valid KDS Sync pulse.
  • Page 39 KDS AC Specifications All timings specified below are measured at 2.5 Volts Output. Measured at the KDS Output connector, the minimum duration of KDS Clock Low or High is 32ns. The total time difference from any KDS Clock output transition to KDS Sync output transition, or from any KDS Clock output transition to KDS Data output transition, is 12ns maximum.
  • Page 40 Here is a simplified schematic showing one KDS output signal pair: Mini D-15 Female Coilcraft AM26LS31 DLF8000 KDS Xmit 68pF Here is a simplified schematic showing one KDS cable signal pair: Mini D-15 Mini D-15 Male Female Here is a simplified schematic showing one KDS input signal pair: Mini D-15 Male Coilcraft...
  • Page 41 KDS Interface Cabling and Connectors The connectors to be used are 15-pin “Mini-D” style as used in IBM-PC VGA interconnect. The KDS output connector is a receptacle, the KDS input connector is a plug. The AMP Part Numbers are as follows: PC Mount Plug 749767-1 PC Mount Receptacle...
  • Page 42 The connectors are wrapped 360 degrees with copper foil connected to the cable shield and connector shell at each end. The cable length must not exceed 15 meters. Kurzweil offers these cables in both 3- and 15-meter lengths.
  • Page 43: Appendix C: Specifications

    Appendix C: Specifications Physical • Width 19 in. (48 cm.) [plus rack ears] • Depth 10.9 in. (27.7 cm.) • Height 1.75 in. (4.4 cm.) [1U] • Weight 10.5 lb. (4.8 kg.) Electrical • Voltage Settings 100V 120V 220V 240V •...
  • Page 44 Index Pro output format 8 ADAT 5, 11, 30, 36 K2500 operating system 2 Pro Tools 20 AES/EBU 16, 18, 22, 25 K2500 Series 2 AES/EBU adapter cables 10 KDFX Option 2 KDS AC Specifications 39 KDS Cabling and Connectors 41 Return pair on the KDS In 7 KDS DC Specifications 38 Cables and adapters 9...