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Garmin Personal Navigator GPS 40 Owner's Manual & Reference

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  • Page 1 GOTO PAGE MARK QUIT ENTER Owner’s Manual & Reference GPS40 Personal Navigator...
  • Page 2 GARMIN. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.
  • Page 3 Introduction Cautions The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equip- ment.
  • Page 4 Thanks for choosing the GARMIN GPS 40. We hope it will help you get the most out of your outdoor recreation adventures. If you have any questions concerning the operation of the GPS 40, contact our Product Support staff at 913-599-1515 or 913-599-2103 (FAX).
  • Page 5 Introduction Capabilities Designed for easy operation, the GARMIN GPS 40 offers powerful features that make navigation come alive in the palm of your hand: Precision Performance • MultiTrac8 receiver tracks and uses up to 8 satellites simultaneously for fast, accurate positioning •...
  • Page 6 Before getting started with your new GPS receiver, check to see that your GARMIN GPS 40 package includes the following items. If you are missing any parts, please contact your dealer immediately. Standard Package: • GPS 40 Receiver • Carrying Case •...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents SECTION ONE Getting Started GPS Overview ...2-3 Basic Definitions ...4-5 Power On/Status and Position ...6-7 Marking a Position ...8 Moving Map Basics...9 GOTO and Steering Guidance...10-11 Pages and Menus...12 Time Offset and Power Off...12-13 Keypad Usage...14 SECTION TWO Reference Satellite Status Page...15-16 Position Page Options ...17...

  • Page 8: Gps Overview

    By knowing the position of any 3 or 4 of these satellites and calculating various time differences between the transmitted signals, your GPS receiver can determine its present position anywhere on earth. And once you’re under way, your GPS con- tinuously updates your position and provides speed and track information.

  • Page 9: Gps Overview

    (the GPS satellites). 4. As the GPS receiver tracks satellites, it will continuously update your position and provide track and speed information while you’re moving.

  • Page 10: Basic Definitions

    Introduction Basic Definitions The GPS 40 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be help- ful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below. Navigation is the process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where you are in relation to your desired course.
  • Page 11 The diagram below provides a graphic illustration of some navigation terms and concepts used in GPS navigation. A complete glossary appears on page 48. DTK- Desired Track BRG- Bearing TRK- Track Introduction Basic Definitions...

  • Page 12: Power On/Status And Position

    You’re now ready to power up and discover the world of GARMIN GPS navigation. 1. Hold the unit so the built-in antenna (the flat area above the display) is parallel to the ground.
  • Page 13 The GPS 40’ s Status Page provides a visual refer- ence of satellite acquisition and position. As the receiver locks onto satellites, a signal strength bar will appear for each satellite in view, with the appro- priate satellite number (1-32) underneath each bar. Status Battery Indicator...

  • Page 14: Marking A Position

    Getting Started Marking a Position Getting to know your new GPS is as easy as tak- ing a quick stroll around an open outdoor area. To get the most out of this tutorial, make sure to walk for at least the time noted for each step. This way, you’ll reduce the chances of staying within the receiver’...

  • Page 15: Moving Map Basics

    Now that you’ve marked a position, it’ s time to take off on a brisk walk and put your GPS 40 through its paces. 1. Walk in a straight line for 2-3 minutes at a fast pace and watch the Position Page. You can time your distance with the on-screen clock.

  • Page 16: Goto And Steering Guidance

    Getting Started Going to a Waypoint The moving highway provides a visual per- spective of the distance and direction to way- point. The highway will always move to ‘point’ in the general direction of your destination, with the relative distance indicated by the angle of the outside lines of the highway.
  • Page 17 Your present position is represented by the dia- mond in the center of the course deviation scale. Destination Waypoint Position Indicator Pointer to Waypoint The line down the middle of the highway repre- sents your desired track. As you navigate toward a waypoint, the highway will actually move, indicat- ing the direction you’re off course, relative to the position diamond on the CDI scale.

  • Page 18: Pages And Menus

    Getting Started Page Sequence and Menus Use the Page and Quit keys to continuously scroll through the main pages in either direction. Now that you’ve arrived ‘HOME’, scroll through the main pages of the GPS 40. 1. Press the key to scroll through the five main pages in sequence.

  • Page 19: Time Offset And Power Off

    To enter the time offset: 1. If you are entering a negative offset, press key to move the character highlight to the +/- field. Press to select a negative offset. 2. Press the key to move to each character posi- tion, and use the set value in each position.

  • Page 20: Keypad Usage

    Getting Started Keypad Usage The GPS 40’s two-speed thumbkey allows convenient, one-handed entry of information. Press on a particular arrow key once to scroll through data options slowly, press and hold an arrow key for faster scrolling. • Use the up and down arrow keys to select alphanumerical characters and menu choices and to move the field highlight from field to field.

  • Page 21: Reference

    Status Battery Indicator Signal Strength Indicators Satellite Numbers (1-32) The GPS 40 Status Page displays the status of various receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS is doing at any given time. The sky view and signal strength bars give you an indication of what satellites are visible to the receiver, whether or not they are being tracked, and the signal quality.
  • Page 22 Reference Satellite Status Page 2D Navigation status indicates that at least three satellites with good geometry have been locked onto and a 2 dimensional position fix (latitude and longitude) is being calculated. ‘2D Diff’ will appear when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 2D mode.

  • Page 23: Position

    The GPS 40 Position Page displays your current position’ s latitude, longitude, altitude and time numerically. It also displays your track (compass direction) and speed whenever you’re moving. The Position Page also lets you enter a position’ s latitude and longitude manually. During satellite acquisition, the position displayed is the last com- puted position stored in memory.

  • Page 24: Creating And Using Waypoints

    Reference Marking and Naming Waypoints Knowing your present position is only part of any navigation equation. You also need to keep track of where you’ve been and where you are going. Waypoints serve as electronic markers that let you keep track of starting points, destinations, navaids and any other important position.
  • Page 25 The GPS 40 has three waypoint submenu pages that let you manage a large number of waypoints quickly and efficiently. The nearest waypoints, way- point list and waypoint definition pages are accessed through the Menu Page. To select a waypoint submenu page: 1.
  • Page 26 Reference Waypoint List The waypoint list page provides you with a complete list of all waypoints currently stored in the GPS 40. The total number of used and free waypoints is indicated above the waypoint list. From the waypoint list page, you can GOTO a selected waypoint, retrieve a waypoint definition page or delete all user-defined waypoints.
  • Page 27 The last of the three waypoint management pages is the waypoint definition page. This page lets you create new waypoints manually, as well as review and edit existing waypoints. Waypoint Name Comment Field Rename Delete Fields To create a new waypoint manually, you’ll need to know its position coordinates or its distance and bearing from an existing waypoint.
  • Page 28 Reference Reference Waypoints To create a new waypoint manually without knowing its position coordinates, you’ll need to enter its bearing and distance from an existing way- point. The GPS 40 will then calculate the position coordinates for you. Waypoint Name Reference Waypoint Bearing...
  • Page 29 From the waypoint definition page, you can also review and change any stored waypoint’ s name, position coordinates, comment field or reference waypoint at any time. The waypoint definition page is also used to delete individual waypoints. To change a waypoint’ s position coordinates or reference waypoint: 1.
  • Page 30 Reference Deleting Waypoints To delete a stored waypoint: 1. Use the key to move the cursor highlight from the ‘DONE’ prompt to the ‘delete’ field. 2. Press the key to activate the delete page. 3. A warning message will appear, asking you to confirm your deletion.

  • Page 31: Gotos And Mob Mode

    The GPS 40’ s GOTO function lets you choose any s t o red waypoint as a destination and quickly set a course from your present position. Once the GOTO function has been activated, the Navigation Page will provide you with graphic steering guidance to your destination.
  • Page 32 Reference MOB Function Marking an MOB The GPS 40’ s man overboard function (MOB) lets you simultaneously mark and set a course to a position for quick response to passing positions. To activate the MOB mode: 1. Press the key twice. 2.

  • Page 33: Creating And Using Routes

    The GPS 40’ s route navigation feature lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pre-defined waypoints. Routes are often used when it’ s not practical, safe or possible to navigate a direct course to a particu- lar destination.
  • Page 34 Reference Route Page If you’re heading out without a planned route to navigate, the GPS 40 route feature can still provide a helping hand back home. Create a series of way- points with the mark key and save them to an open route from the Mark Position Page.
  • Page 35 To create a route in the GPS 40: 1. Press to begin route number selection. 2. Use the key to enter a route number. 3. Press the key to confirm the route number. 4. Press to begin entry of a route comment. (Note that the default (first and last waypoint) comment will only appear if the comment field is blank).
  • Page 36 Reference Clearing and Activating Routes To clear a route from memory: 1. Press to begin entry of the route number. 2. Enter the route number and press 3. Select the ‘clear’ field and press The clear route warning will appear, asking you to confirm that you want to remove all waypoints from the route.
  • Page 37 Once a route has been activated, the Active Route Page will appear, displaying the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your present speed and distance to each way- point. As long as you are navigating an active route, the Active Route Page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit.
  • Page 38 Reference Editing Routes and On-Route GOTOs Once you’ve selected a waypoint from the route list, choose a menu function: 1. To review the definition page for the waypoint, highlight the ‘review’ field and press 2. To add a new waypoint that precedes the selected waypoint, highlight the ‘insert’...

  • Page 39: Moving Map Plotting

    The GPS 40 features a powerful moving map display that can do much more than just plot your course and route. The Map Page also provides you with a moving map cursor that will let you pan ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the distance and bearing to any map position and mark new waypoints while you navigate.
  • Page 40 Reference Moving Map: Zooming and Panning There are three main functions you can perform from the Map Page— zooming, pointing and pan- ning. Each of these functions has its own ‘field’, which may be selected and activated for use. Whenever the Map Page first appears, the zoom field (at the top left) is always selected.
  • Page 41 To review the definition page for a waypoint highlighted in the map field: 1. Press the key. 2. To return to the Map Page, press To GOTO a waypoint highlighted in the map field: 1. Press the key. 2. Press the key to confirm the destination.
  • Page 42 Reference Map Page: Advanced Zooming and Panning One of the benefits of a moving map display is being able to pan to different map areas and see what’ s out there. To get the most out of panning, you’ll need to be able to zoom in and out while you’re panning.

  • Page 43: Menu Page And Auxiliary Functions

    The GPS 40 Menu Page provides access to sub- menu pages that are used to select and customize operation and navigation setup. The 11 submenus are divided into categories by function. The way- point and route management submenus are dis- cussed in their own respective sections.
  • Page 44 Reference Operation Setup The remaining submenu selections on the Menu Page are grouped together as setup pages. The first setup page is the operation setup page, which is used to select the operating mode, time offset and screen and tone preferences. The GPS 40 has four available operating modes: Normal Mode operates the unit at maxi- mum performance, and should provide a bat-...
  • Page 45 The GPS 40 features adjustable screen contrast for optimum viewing in any condition. The screen contrast is set by using an on-screen bar scale. To set the screen contrast: 1. Move the field highlight to the ‘contrast’ field and press the key.
  • Page 46 Reference Navigation Setup The GPS 40 comes with the latitude and longi- tude position format and WGS 84 map datum as the default settings. The WGS 84 map datum is a worldwide datum that’s suitable for use with most govern- ment maps and charts.
  • Page 47 The course deviation indicator (CDI) scale defi- nition field lets you select the +/- range of the CDI bar scale. Three scales are available: +/- 0.25, 1.25 and 5.0 miles or kilometers, with 0.25 being the default setting. To enter a CDI scale setting: 1.
  • Page 48 Reference Track Log and Map Setup The track log setup page lets you manage the GPS 40’ s tracking data. From this page, you c a n select whether or not to re c o rd a track and defin e how it is re c o rded.
  • Page 49 The rest of the map setup page lets you specify what items are displayed or plotted on the Map Page. The first 4 plot items may be turned on or off by selecting ‘yes’ or ‘no’ in the appropriate field: •...
  • Page 50 GPS 40s or a PC with an optional GARMIN PC kit. During data transfer, the number of packets being exchanged will be displayed on screen. To select a transfer option: 1.
  • Page 51 RTCM Input Failed indicates that DGPS data was being received but has been lost. Beacon Receiver Status The GARMIN GBR 21 is the recommended beacon receiver for use with the GPS 40. Other RTCM 104 v. 2.0...
  • Page 52 Reference Simulator Mode The GPS 40’ s simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acquisition. You can also plan and practice trips, enter new waypoints and routes and save them for use during normal operation. The simulator is activated from the Menu Page, with speed and heading controlled from the Position or Navigation Pages.

  • Page 53: Battery Installation

    An optional remote antenna may be used with the GPS 40 by plugging the remote antenna into the connec- tor on the back of the unit. See your GARMIN dealer for remote anten- nas and accessories. Reference Battery and Antenna...

  • Page 54: Appendix A-Glossary

    Appendix A Glossary Almanac Data—Satellite constellation information (including location and health of satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite. Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin. Bearing—The compass direction from your position to a destination. Course Made Good (CMG)—The bearing from the ‘active from’...

  • Page 55: Appendix B-Messages

    Try the unit again later, possibly in a different location. Read Only Mem has Failed—The permanent memory has failed and the unit is not operable. Take your unit to an authorized GARMIN dealer for repairs. Appendix B Messages...
  • Page 56 Appendix B Messages Received an Invalid WPT—A waypoint was received during upload transfer that has an invalid identifier. Receiver has Failed—A failure in receiver hardware has been detected. If this message persists, do not use the unit and take it to an authorized dealer for repair. Route is Full—You have attempted to add more than 30 waypoints to a route.

  • Page 57: Appendix C-Time Offset Chart

    The chart below gives the approximate UTC time offset for the various longitudinal zones. If you are in daylight savings time, add one hour to the offset. Longitudinal Zone W180.0º to W172.5º W172.5º to W157.5º W157.5º to W142.5º W142.5º to W127.5º W127.5º...

  • Page 58: Appendix D-Map Datums

    Appendix D Map Datums Adindan Afgooye AIN EL ABD ‘70 Anna 1 Ast ‘65 ARC 1950 ARC 1960 Ascnsn Isld ‘58 Astro B4 Sorol Astro Bcn “E” Astro Dos 71/4 Astr Stn ‘52 Astrln Geod ‘66 Astrln Geod ‘84 Bellevue (IGN) Bermuda 1957 Bogata Observ Campo Inchspe...
  • Page 59 Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage Island Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia) Merchich Merchich- Morocco Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway Minna Minna- Nigeria NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada...

  • Page 60: Appendix E-Maintenance And Specifications

    GPS 40 in below freezing temperatures, use lithium batteries for longer battery life. Specifications subject to change without notice. * With optional GARMIN GBR 21 Beacon Receiver Input. ** Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the US DOD-imposed Selective Availability Program.

  • Page 61: Appendix F-Electrical Wiring And Installation

    Cost of the NMEA materials is currently $35 U. S. dollars, plus shipping and handling. DGPS corrections are accepted on RTCM-104 v. 2.0 format. The GARMIN GBR 21 is the recommended beacon receiver for use with the GPS 40. Other receivers with the correct RTCM format may be used, but may not correctly display status or allow tuning control from the GPS 40.

  • Page 62: Appendix G-Mounting Bracket/Wrist Strap Installation

    Appendix G Installation directly to a flat surface with three #8 flathead screws. Install the L-bracket onto the swivel base using the knob provided (see diagram below). The swivel angle may also be adjusted by loosening the knob. L-Bracket Swivel Base The GPS 40’s optional mounting bracket allows fixed installation on any flat vertical or horizontal surface, and permits easy removal for portable use.
  • Page 63 Using the mounting bracket without the swivel base. The GPS 40 cigarette lighter adapter and data cables can be connected to the mounting bracket for fixed- mount use. To attach the power/data cable, slide the cable connector into the mounting slot on the bracket (see below).
  • Page 64 Appendix G Wrist Strap Attachment The GPS 40 includes a wrist strap for safe, convenient han- dling of the unit. The wrist strap is attached by looping the loop end of the strap through the molded eye on the back of the unit. The strap may be removed at any time.

  • Page 65: Appendix H-Index

    Active Waypoints ...27 Active Route ...27 Active Route Page ...31 Altitude Entry...17 Antenna Installation ...47 Audio Setup...39 AutoLocate Mode...38 Automatic Shutoff...6 Auxiliary Functions ...37-46 Backlighting On/Off...39 Backlight Timer ...39 Battery Installation...47 Battery Saver Mode...38 Beacon Receiver Setup...44-45 Bearing ...4,5,48 Capabilities ...iv CDI Scale Setup...41 Contrast Setting...39 Course Made Good (CMG) ...48...
  • Page 66 Appendix H Index Offset, local time ...38,51 Operating Mode Setup...38 Operation Setup ...38,39 Output Setup ...43-45 Packing List ...v Page Sequence ...12 Panning ...35,36 Position Entry...17 Position Page ...17 Power Off ...13 Power On ...6 Range Rings...33,43 Reference Waypoints ...22 Relative Bearing Pointer...10,11 Resolution, track storing...42 Routes ...27...
  • Page 67 © 1994 GARMIN INTERNATIONAL 9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA GARMIN/Europe Ltd Robert House, Station Approach Romsey, Hampshire SO51 8DU UK Part Number 190-00063-00 Rev. B...

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