Garmin GPSMAP 188 Owner's Manual And Reference Manual
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Garmin GPSMAP 188 Owner's Manual And Reference Manual

Chartplotting receiver & depth-finder
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GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder
(GPSMAP 188C Shown)
chartplotting receiver
& depth-fi nder
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Summary of Contents for Garmin GPSMAP 188

  • Page 1 GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder (GPSMAP 188C Shown) chartplotting receiver & depth-fi nder owner’s manual reference guide...
  • Page 2 Information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Garmin reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the con- tent without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes.

  • Page 3: Introduction

    Part Two is divided into sections that provide detailed references to the advanced features and opera- tions of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder. This allows you to concentrate on a specifi c topic quickly and look up detailed information about the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder.

  • Page 4: Fcc Compliance

    FCC Compliance FCC Compliance The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder complies with Part 15 of the FCC interference limits for Class B digital devices FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. These limits are designed to provide more reason- able protection against harmful interference in a residential installation, and are more stringent than “outdoor”...

  • Page 5: Warnings And Cautions

    – and, as always, the user is responsible for their prudent use. Use the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owner’ s Manual—and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use.
  • Page 6 Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.

  • Page 7: Software License Agreement

    DITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ THIS AGREE- MENT CAREFULLY. Garmin grants you a limited license to use the software embedded in this device (the “Software”) in binary executable form in the normal operation of the product. Title, ownership rights and intellectual property rights in and to the Software remain in Garmin.

  • Page 8: Packing List

    Before installing and getting started with your unit, please check to see that your package includes the following items. If any parts are missing, please contact your Garmin dealer immediately. Standard Package: • GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Unit •...

  • Page 9: Capabilities

    • WAAS Capable — receive signals from the additional set of WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) satellites to give you better accuracy • Differential-Ready — just add an optional Garmin beacon receiver for better than 5-meter accu- racy • Fully gasketed, high-impact plastic alloy case, waterproof to IEC 529 IPX7 Advanced Navigating and Plotting •...

  • Page 10: Table Of Contents

    Introduction Table of Contents Introduction ......i-viii Preface and Registration ....i FCC Compliance .

  • Page 11: Section One: Getting Started

    Using the Keypad ZOOM IN Key— adjusts the map scale to display a smaller area with more detail (Zooms in). ZOOM OUT Key— adjusts the map scale to display a larger area with less detail (Zooms out). NAV Key— displays the Go To and Follow navigation menu. PAGE Key—...

  • Page 12: Initializing The Receiver

    GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder. Initializing the Receiver The fi rst time you power up your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, the receiver must be given an opportunity to collect satellite data and establish its present position. To ensure proper initialization, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is shipped from the factory in AutoLocate mode, which allows the receiver to “fi...

  • Page 13: Getting Started

    • Solid signal strength bars— the receiver has collected the necessary data and the satellites are ready for use. Once the receiver has collected information from at least three satellites, the top of the screen displays either “Ready (2D or 3D)”, and the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is ready for use. Getting Started Initializing the Receiver...

  • Page 14: Selecting Options & Entering Data

    Pop-up list of options for a highlighted fi eld. Selecting Options and Entering Data Before moving ahead into the features of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, you will need to learn basic operations. You can select and activate options and enter data to customize the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder to fi...

  • Page 15: Entering Data

    Naming a waypoint or placing any sort of data that has not been predefi ned requires the use of both the ARROW KEYPAD and the ENTER/MARK key. To enter a name or number in a data fi eld: 1. Once you have accessed a page with programmable data fi elds (i.e. ‘ Waypoint Edit’) you can use the ARROW KEYPAD to move the cursor (Highlight) to fi...

  • Page 16: Backlighting

    After powering on the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, the GPS Information Page appears as the receiver begins acquiring satellites. From this or any other page, you may also adjust the backlighting.

  • Page 17: Simulator

    While in Simulator mode, a ‘Running Simulator’ message appears after 2 minutes of inactivity.. Now you’re ready to continue the rest of the simulated tour. Keep in mind that the GPSMAP 188/ 188C/238 Sounder does not track satellites in simulator mode, and this mode should never be used for actual navigation.

  • Page 18: Map Page

    Map Page Main Pages The Map Page is one of six main pages used in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system. The six main pages are the Map Page, Sonar Page, Compass Page, Numbers Page, Highway Page, and Active Route Page. All six pages are linked together in a simple chain, which allows you to scroll through the pages in either direction using the PAGE and QUIT keys.

  • Page 19: Map Cursor

    This will also give you an opportunity to see how the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s keypad and ENTER/MARK key are used for data entry and chang- ing the waypoint name and symbol.

  • Page 20: Marking Waypoints

    The waypoint is now stored in memory. Note that waypoints may also be created graphically from the map display or by manually entering position coordinates. Each of these techniques is described in the reference section of the manual and/or on your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Quick Reference Guide.

  • Page 21: Going To A Destination

    For our simulated trip, you’re going to select a pre-programmed tour route using the fi rst method. This will also show how the MENU key is used throughout the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder system to provide tab style options and functions. Let’ s start by changing the position to where the practice route is located.

  • Page 22: Simulated Tour

    Getting Started Simulated Tour Select the practice route and press ENTER/MARK. The Set Position, Track Control, Track and Speed fi elds will only show while in simulator mode. To activate the practice route stored in memory for navigation: 1. Press NAV. A list of options appear. 2.
  • Page 23 You’ll now have a clearer picture of the route you are navigating. Keep in mind that when you exceed the usable range of the built-in database or the optional MapSource or BlueChart data in use, the range fi eld displays ‘overzoom’ to indicate that you should exercise extreme caution using the map data.

  • Page 24: Sonar Page

    Dual frequency returns Sonar Page The Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/ fl asher. The top left of the screen contains data fi elds, while the Adjustment Bar above the data fi elds allows direct access to the settings most commonly changed while using the Sonar Page.
  • Page 25 Using the Adjustment Menu The Adjustment Menu allows direct access to the settings and features most commonly used on the Sonar Page. There are 10 main adjustment options available: Range, Zoom, View/Span, Gain, Target Level, Whiteline, Frequency, Depth Line, Noise Reject, and Scroll. The currently selected option appears in the upper left of the display with up and down arrows on either side of the option name.

  • Page 26: Compass Page

    Arrow Compass Page Numbers Page Now that we’re navigating to an actual destination, let’ s move on to the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s navigation pages by pressing the PAGE key. Compass Page The Compass Page provides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint, with an emphasis on the bearing to your destination and current direction of travel.

  • Page 27: Highway Page

    Let’ s move on to the Highway Page by pressing the PAGE key. Highway Page The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Highway Page also provides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint, placing greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are off course.
  • Page 28 Whenever the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is in simulator mode, you can also adjust your speed and course from the Highway Page using the ARROW KEYPAD. As you head toward each waypoint in the tour route, try adjusting your boat speed and course to get a feel for how the highway works.

  • Page 29: Active Route Page

    Changing Data Fields The data fi elds on the main pages may also be confi gured to display several different information categories (see pages 26-27 for the complete list). On the Highway Page, let’ s change the ‘TIME TO NEXT’ fi eld to ‘TIME OF DAY’. To change a data fi...

  • Page 30: Main Menu Page

    As you’ve seen, the primary pages provide map and navigation information. The tour’ s last page is the Main Menu page, which allows access to the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s waypoint, route, and planning functions, as well as various operational and navigation setup features, and celestial and tide data.

  • Page 31: Powering Off Unit

    2. When the screen is blank, release the POWER key. The next section of the manual describes the pages and functions of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder in detail. If you are unable to locate a specifi c option or function, please refer to the Index on pages 118-120.

  • Page 32: Section Two: Reference

    (triangle) within the display area, while cursor mode pans the cartography to keep the cursor (arrow pointer) within the display area. The GPSMAP system will always power up in position mode, with your vessel centered on the map display. When the ARROW KEYPAD is pressed, the GPSMAP 188/ 188C/238 Sounder will enter cursor mode.
  • Page 33 To eliminate the cursor and re-center your position on the screen: 1. Press the QUIT key. The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 returns to position mode. The cursor may also be used to “snap-to” on-screen waypoints and map items, allowing you to review details about a selected position directly from the map display.

  • Page 34: Selecting Map Scales

    Reference Map Page: Cursor and Zooming Creating a New Map Waypoint Using Built-In Basemap Using BlueChart/MapSource Data Overzoom, no additional data The cursor may also be used to create new waypoints directly from the map. To create a waypoint with the cursor on an open map location: 1.

  • Page 35: Map Page Options

    The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system has a built-in worldwide database to 20 mi, with more detailed coverage available through the use of the optional BlueChart or MapSource data. The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder displays cartography as long as there is chart information available for the range you’ve selected.
  • Page 36 Reference Map Page Options Full Screen Map (with BlueChart data) • Full Screen Map/Show Data — toggles between a full screen map or a map with sonar information and/or data fi elds on the top half of the display. This allows for quick viewing of a full screen map. •...
  • Page 37 • POINTER – Arrow points to your destination • POSITION – Current position coordinates • SONAR – Compressed view of sonar data • SPEED – Speed over ground • TIME OF DAY – Current time • TIME TO DESTINATION – Time to fi nal waypoint •...
  • Page 38 Reference Map Page Options Single, large data fi eld Default, medium fi elds Split, small fi elds Distance and Bearing Cursor Coordinates Map Cursor Full screen map shown (with BlueChart data) You may also choose to ‘merge’ the four medium, default data fi elds to a single, large fi eld for better readability, or ‘split’...
  • Page 39 • Size Split — enables height adjustment of the Map Page sonar split screen. You may adjust the size of the map/sonar split window anywhere from 1/3 to 2/3 height from the top of the screen. You must be showing sonar information to use this option. To resize the Map Page sonar split screen: 1.
  • Page 40 Reference Map Page Options General Tab Source Tab Data Card Information page General Tab Detail— Most, More, Normal, Less, Least: controls how much map detail you will see. This setting only applies to any map feature set to “Auto”. Those features which have a specifi ed scale or turned “Off”...
  • Page 41 NOAA/NIMA standard; non-BlueChart symbols are drawn using traditional Garmin symbols. Garmin: All maps are drawn using traditional Garmin symbols. NOAA: All maps are drawn using a symbol set similar to NOAA/NIMA. International: All maps are drawn using a symbol set similar to the IALA symbol set.
  • Page 42 Reference Map Page Options Track Tab Other Tab Map Setup Menu Options Track Tab— Saved Tracks/Track Log Zoom— Auto, Off, 20 ft.–800 ft, 0.2 nm–800 nm.: sets the maximum scale at which the feature appears on the screen. Some types of data will only show up to certain zoom scales. Other Tab Accuracy Circle—...

  • Page 43: Sonar Page

    Sonar Page The Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/ fl asher. Fish are displayed as colored arches or as fi sh icons in three different sizes. Thermoclines are shown as shades of blue. The area of strongest sonar return (or whiteline) is displayed as solid white.
  • Page 44 Reference Sonar Page: Adjustment Menu Zoom Adjustment Range Adjustment 4X Split Zoom Display (Dual Frequency Mode) To change a setting back to ‘Normal’ or ‘Auto’: 1. On the adjustment window for the desired option, press MENU. 2. Select the desired setting and press ENTER. Adjustment Menu Options Range—...

  • Page 45: Adjustment Menu

    Once activated, the zoomed picture becomes the Sonar Page display. You may also cycle through the sonar zoom display levels by pressing the IN or OUT keys. The Zoom function can be deactivated by pressing the OUT key until the ‘No Zoom’ setting appears. View/Span—...

  • Page 46: Sonar Page Options

    Sonar Page Options The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Sonar Page features a menu page that provides access to additional functions and to layout and data fi eld options.

  • Page 47: Sonar Page Options

    • Show/Hide Pointer — allows you to reference sonar items and mark underwater waypoints. This makes it easier to fi nd and use an object such as a stump for a future fi shing location. When using this feature, the Sonar Page pauses. The pointer does not move off the paused display and cannot show an area that has scrolled off the screen.
  • Page 48 Reference Sonar Page Options Double-Arrow ‘Size Split’ Menu Options Resizing the Split Sonar Display Fish Symbols Off— All available information will be displayed. Suspended targets displays as fi sh symbols. Background information will be displayed. Same as above with the target depth attached. Suspended targets display as fi...

  • Page 49: Sonar Tab Options

    Water Type — since sound waves travel through ‘Fresh’ and ‘Salt’ water at different rates it is necessary to select the ‘Water Type’ to ensure accurate readings on the unit. Depth Number — controls the effi ciency of the digital depth update rate.’Fast Update’ will update more quickly and is recommended for low-noise, deeper water (>50 ft.).
  • Page 50 Reference Sonar Page Options Keel Offset: Transducer at Surface Enter (+) positive number to show depth from bottom of keel Keel Offset: Transducer at Bottom of Keel Enter (-) negative number to show depth from surface Calibrating the Speed Sensor Calibrate Water Speed —...

  • Page 51: Compass Page

    Whenever a NAV, Follow Track (TracBack), or Follow Route have been activated, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Compass Page will guide you to your destination with digital readouts and a graphic compass display, which includes a bearing pointer. Use this page (instead of the Highway Page) when travelling at slower speeds, when making frequent directional changes, or where straight- line navigation is not possible due to obstructions or terrain.

  • Page 52: Numbers Page

    fi elds and layout of the Numbers page, see pages 26-28. Highway Page When a Go To, TracBack, or route has been activated, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Highway Page provides digital and graphic steering guidance to the destination. The top half of the Highway Page features user-selectable data fi...

  • Page 53: Highway Page Options

    • Saved Tracks— any saved track logs near the route. Active Route Page When a route is activated in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder system, the Active Route page will show each waypoint of the active route, along with various, user-selectable types of data. For additional details on the Active Route Page, see page 64.

  • Page 54: Creating

    Creating and Using Waypoints The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder stores up to 3000 alphanumeric waypoints with a user-defi ned icon, comments and depth available for each waypoint. Waypoints can be created using three basic methods: •...

  • Page 55: Waypoints

    When you move the cursor over a map item, you will see a highlighted description of that item. The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder uses the map item text shown on the cartography as the default name and symbol for the new waypoint.
  • Page 56 Reference Creating Waypoints Highlight the position fi eld and use the ARROW KEYPAD to enter the desired position coordinates. Select a point from which to project a new waypoint. Additional Options For Creating Waypoints Waypoints may also be created by manually entering position coordinates through the Points tab of the Main Menu.

  • Page 57: Creating Waypoints

    3. To select another location from which to project a waypoint, highlight the fi eld next to ‘From’ and press ENTER. The ‘Find’ screen appears. Highlight the desired type of location (waypoints, cities, etc.) and press ENTER. Use the submenus to narrow down your search (for more information see ‘Find’...

  • Page 58: Reviewing And Editing

    Reference Reviewing/Editing Waypoints Waypoint Review Page— Highlight ‘OK’ and press ENTER to exit/save changes and return to the Map Page. Waypoint Review Page for a waypoint located on multiple map features. Reviewing and Editing Waypoints Once you have created and stored a waypoint, it may be modifi ed, reviewed, renamed, moved, or deleted at any time through the Waypoint Review and Waypoint Edit pages.

  • Page 59: Editing Waypoints

    To change the comment/position coordinates/depth: 1. Highlight the desired fi eld and press ENTER. 2. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to edit/enter the data. To drop to the next line, press to the right on the ARROW KEYPAD. Press ENTER when done. On the Waypoint Review and Waypoint Edit pages, you may also delete the selected waypoint, view the waypoint on the map, and move the waypoint on the map.
  • Page 60 Options Menu Waypoint Lists The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Main Menu Page features two waypoint submenu tabs, ‘User’ and ‘Proximity’, that let you manage a large number of waypoints quickly and effi ciently. The submenu tabs also provide a continuously updated proximity waypoint alarm function that can be used to defi...

  • Page 61: Waypoint Lists

    Once a waypoint is deleted from the list, it cannot be recovered from the unit. It is advisable to backup important waypoints to a computer using an optional PC cable and interface software, save them to a data card, or write them down by hand. To delete an individual waypoint from the ‘User’...
  • Page 62 Reference Waypoint Lists Proximity Waypoints List Proximity Waypoint Proximity Circle A dashed circle appears showing the alert bound- ary for the proximity waypoints. To add a proximity waypoint: 1. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to highlight an empty space on the Proximity list and press ENTER. The ‘Find’...

  • Page 63: Going To A Destination

    (roads, rivers, cities, navaids, etc.), or a new map point (non-map item). If you select a map item as the ‘Go To’ destination, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder will automatically use the name of the map item, but the point will not be stored in the waypoint list (see page 45 for creating waypoints using map items).

  • Page 64: Tracback

    Reference Going to a Destination/ TracBack Navigation ‘Go To MAP Point’ allows you to navigate to a spot on the map that is not a waypoint or map item. Highlight ‘Save’ and press ENTER to save an active track log. To activate an existing waypoint or map item as a ‘Go To’...

  • Page 65: Tracback Navigation

    ENTER. Once a TracBack has been activated, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder will take the track log currently stored in memory and divide it into segments called ‘legs’. Up to 254 temporary ‘turns’...

  • Page 66: Mob Key

    For more information on setting up the Track options and saved tracks, see pages 75-76. MOB Key The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Man OverBoard function (MOB) lets you simultaneously mark and set a course to a position for quick response to emergency situations.

  • Page 67: Routes

    Creating a Route The last way to navigate to a destination is to create a user-defi ned route. The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder lets you create and store up to 50 reversible routes (numbered 1-50), with up to 254 waypoints each. Routes can be created in two ways. The fi rst way is by selecting points from the Map Page, allowing you to see each route graphically on-screen as you create the route.

  • Page 68: Following

    Reference Creating a Route/ Following a Route Choose the type of point you want to add to the route. Choose a waypoint from either the ‘By Name’ or ‘Nearest’ tab list. To create a route using text: 1. Press the MENU key twice to display the Main Menu page. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to highlight the ‘Route’...

  • Page 69: Route List Page

    1. Press the NAV key, highlight ‘Stop Navigation’ and press ENTER. Route List Page The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Route List page (‘Route’ tab of the Main Menu) displays all the routes currently stored in memory, along with a descriptive name for each route. By pressing MENU while on the Route List page, the following menu options appear: ‘New Route’...

  • Page 70: Route Review Page

    Reference Route Review Page Route Name Data Fields Route Points Data Totals Route Review Options Menu Route Review Page Once you have created a route, the Route Review page allows you to edit a selected route. To access the Route Review page: 1.

  • Page 71: Editing Routes

    • Edit on Map — review and modify the route displayed for each point (waypoint or map item) on a map page. You may also use the cursor to insert a new route point on a route leg, review the waypoint or map item.
  • Page 72 (shown) to create a new route point. The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s route edit mode also allows you to insert a new route point in any route leg using the map cursor. To insert a new point between two existing route waypoints: 1.
  • Page 73 • Trip Planning — The Route Review and Active Route pages also display trip-planning information for each leg or the entire route. Available information includes Course, ETA, Fuel (to point), Leg Distance, Leg Fuel, Leg Time, Sunrise and Sunset (at point location) and Time To (point). To use the trip planning feature: 1.

  • Page 74: Active Route Page

    Menu Options Active Route Page Whenever you have activated a route in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, the Active Route page shows each point (waypoint or map item) of the active route, with the point name, distance and choice of Course, ETA, Fuel to point, Leg Distance, Leg Fuel, Leg Time, Sunrise and Sunset at point location, or Time To point for each point from your present position.

  • Page 75: Find Key

    Find Key The FIND key allows you to search the units for user waypoints, map items, and any optional BlueChart or MapSource information loaded on a data card. Press the FIND key to search for items from your current location by default. You may also search from other locations. When you press FIND, a list of available items to search from appears.
  • Page 76 Reference Find Options Additional Information Tabs Distance, Bearing, Coordinates of item Additional Option Buttons Additional Information Window Find Menu Options To view details about an item: 1. With the desired item highlighted in the search results list, press ENTER. 2. An Information page appears with details about the item organized in a tabbed format. Depending on the type of item, additional options are available for viewing the item on the map, viewing notes on a MapSource or BlueChart map, viewing a tide chart, viewing a list of maps on your data card, and viewing the next item in the search results list.

  • Page 77: Main Menu Page

    “tab” format. The Main Menu page is available from any page in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system, and is accessed through the MENU key. See pages 2-3 for additional instructions changing settings and enter- ing data.

  • Page 78: Gps Tab

    As soon as the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder has collected the necessary data from the best satellites in view to calculate a fi x, the status fi eld will indicate a 2D or 3D status. The unit will then update the position, date and time.
  • Page 79 WAAS satellites will be numbered 33 or higher when viewing the sky view on your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder. Initial reception of the WAAS signal may take up to 15-20 minutes, then 1-2 minutes afterwards. When WAAS differential correction has been received for GPS satellites (numbers 32 or below), a ‘D’...
  • Page 80 Reference Main Menu: GPS Tab When the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is using a differential correction signal (either WAAS or DGPS), a “D” is displayed at the bottom of the signal strength indicator bars for the satellites that are corrected. The status fi eld will show one of the following conditions: •...
  • Page 81 DGPS signal being received. If no optional DGPS receiver is used with the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, the ‘DGPS Rcvr’ fi eld displays ‘Off. The SNR will depend upon the mounting of your DGPS receiver and the distance from the DGPS transmitting station.

  • Page 82: Tide Tab

    Reference Main Menu: Tide Tab Station Name Date Tide Chart Event Times Main Menu—Tide Tab You can select from a list of nearest stations. Tide Tab— shows a graphical chart that displays tide station information in a 24-hour span starting at midnight station time.
  • Page 83 To view the chart for a tide station nearest to your current location: 1. From the Tide tab, highlight the ‘At’ fi eld and press ENTER. 2. Press MENU, select ‘Nearest to Boat’ and press ENTER. 3. Select the desired station from the list and press ENTER. 4.

  • Page 84: Trip Tab

    Reference Main Menu: Trip Tab/ Celestial Tab Main Menu— Trip Tab Date/Time Position Sun/Moon Skyview Event Times Window Moon Phase Position Moon Position Overhead (90°) 45° 20° Horizon (0°) Main Menu— Celestial Tab Trip Tab— displays Trip Odometer, Moving Average Speed, Total Average Speed, Maximum Speed, Stopped Time, Moving Time, Total Time, and Odometer.

  • Page 85: Track Tab

    Points Tab— contains the ‘User’ and ‘Proximity’ waypoint lists. See pages 50-52. Route Tab— contains a list of available routes. See pages 57-63. Track Tab— lets you specify whether or not to record a track log (an electronic ‘breadcrumb trail’ recording of your path), defi...
  • Page 86 Reference Main Menu: Track Tab Reviewing a saved track The track name will auto- matically appear when highlighted on the ‘Saved’ list and NAV is pressed. • Value— defi nes the distance or time used to record the track log. •...

  • Page 87: Dsc Tab

    Position Report and as a unique identifi er to the Coast Guard when used in an emergency Distress Call. In order to to obtain a Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number, users must register their VHF radio with the FCC (Form 605). Garmin does not supply this number!
  • Page 88 For more information regarding MMSI’s visit: http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/marcomms/gmdss/ mmsi.htm. HOW CAN GARMIN HELP YOU WITH DSC? To receive Distress Calls or Position Reports, you must have a DSC-equipped chartplotter as well as a VHF radio with DSC support. During normal, non-emergency Position Report communication, Channel 70 (156.525 MHz) has been set aside as the VHF/DSC digital call channel.
  • Page 89 MMSI number attached to the call (if you have DSC support). Any DSC-equipped mariner (on sea or land) within range can receive the call. When the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 is connected to a VHF with DSC support, the GPS unit displays a Call List, Log, and a Directory available to store incoming information received from another user’...
  • Page 90 Reference Main Menu: DSC Tab DSC Entry Review DSC Log DSC Call List The DSC Call List displays the current calls received. The GPS can manage up to 50 calls. When ‘calls’ are received, they are updated constantly to give the most current information, even if the unit is left unattended.
  • Page 91 DSC users. DSC Setup Garmin chartplotters have the ability to turn DSC ‘On’ or ‘Off’. This option is benefi cial for users who have more than one GPS chartplotter. If you want only DSC to display on a particular chartplotter, turn DSC off on the remaining Garmin chartplotters that support DSC.

  • Page 92: Card Tab

    Card Tab— interface control for saving waypoints, routes and tracks to a data card.When data is saved to a data card, it may be exchanged with other compatible units and Garmin’ s MapSource PC program. To transfer data to/from a data card: 1.

  • Page 93: Time Tab

    Time Tab— displays the current time and date, allows you to adjust the 12 or 24-hour time format, enter a time zone, and adjust for daylight savings to show correct local time. The following options are available: • Time Format – choose from 12 or 24-hour (military) time format. •...

  • Page 94: Temp Tab

    Reference Main Menu: Temp Tab/ System Tab Time Duration Temperature Scale Main Menu—Temp Tab Main Menu—System Tab (Normal Mode) Map Tab— contains setup options for the Map Page. See pages 29-32. Hiway Tab— contains setup options for the Highway Page. See pages 42-43. Temp (Temperature) Tab—...

  • Page 95: Units Tab

    • Defaults – restores settings on Systm page to default values. • All Unit Defaults – restores all settings to Garmin’ s original setup values for the entire unit. Units Tab— defi nes settings for Position Format, Map Datum, Heading, Distance, Speed, Elevation, Depth, and Temperature.
  • Page 96 If you are using a map or chart in conjunction with your GPS, make sure the settings under the ‘Units’ tab of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder match that of the map or chart. This information should be displayed somewhere on the map or chart.

  • Page 97: Communication Tab

    • None – provides no interfacing capabilities. Port 2: • Garmin DGPS – used to connect the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder with a Garmin DGPS beacon receiver. • Other DGPS – allows DGPS input using a standard RTCM format, without any output capabilities.
  • Page 98 To select a transfer mode: 1. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to select ‘Garmin Data Transfer’ in the ‘Serial Data Format’ fi eld. 2. Highlight the ‘Transfer Mode’ fi eld and press ENTER. 3. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to select the desired setting and press ENTER.
  • Page 99 USCG, or see their web site at http://www.navcen.uscg.mil/. NMEA Interface If you are going to interface the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder with another piece of equipment (such as a radio or autopilot), the unit needs to be set to output NMEA data. More information on wiring and NMEA data may be found on page 95.

  • Page 100: Alarm Tab

    (System Submenu) Advanced NMEA Output Setup The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder NMEA data transmission can be customized to change the precision of the Lat/Lon minutes, set up the waypoint IDs, and keep the output rate at two seconds. If the unit is set up to output all of the available NMEA sentences, the output rate may exceed two sec- onds.
  • Page 101 Battery – sets an alarm to sound when the battery is reaching a critical state of discharge. DGPS – sets an alarm to sound when the unit loses a differential fi x. Accuracy – sets an alarm to sound when the GPS position accuracy falls outside the user-set value. Nav Tab Anchor Drag –...

  • Page 102: Appendices

    3. Once the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder unit has been installed, connect the cable to the antenna connector on the back of the display unit. Make sure that you turn the antenna cable con-...

  • Page 103: Unit Installation

    • The mounting surface should be heavy enough to support the unit and protect it from excessive vibration and shock. • For GPSMAP 188 with a built-in internal bail mount antenna, it should be mounted in a location that has the clearest, most unobstructed view of the sky in all directions to ensure the best reception.
  • Page 104 For fl ush mounting the GPSMAP 188C unit, refer to the instructions on the Flush Mount Template (190-00264-00). The GPSMAP 188/238, with external antenna, may also be fl ush mounted on a fl at panel using its existing mounting bracket.

  • Page 105: Wiring And Interfacing

    NMEA In/NMEA Out (see page 89-90). If connecting to COM1, the unit must be set to NMEA In/NMEA Out. *GPSMAP 188C with software version 5.20 and GPSMAP 188/238 with software version 4.20 or higher will 3.01. No additional NMEA sentences have been added or removed in 3.01.
  • Page 106 Dual frequency transduc- ers give you the best of both wide and narrow cone angles. Included in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder (with transducer) package is a 200/50 kHz dual frequency 10/40° cone angle, temperature sensing, transom mount transducer. This transducer provides good all-around performance.

  • Page 107: Mounting The Transducer

    Proper transducer installation is key to getting the best performance from your new unit. If the transducer lead is too short, extension cables are available from your Garmin dealer. DO NOT cut the transducer lead or any part of the transducer cable, as this will void your warranty. The cable cannot be spliced and connected to any existing (Garmin or non-Garmin) transducer cables.
  • Page 108 Appendix A Mounting the Transducer Weight transducer PVC Pipe to hold it in place or a Can Fill Pipe or Can with water or a Strip Caulk light mineral oil or RTV Sealer Hull Surface Testing the Location To avoid drilling a hole to mount a thru-hull transducer, a transom mount transducer may be used with epoxy inside a boat (“shoot-thru-hull”...

  • Page 109: Testing The Installation

    Press the POWER button and the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder should power on. If the unit fails to power on, verify that the wiring adapter is seated properly in the back of the unit, the Red and Black wires are connected to the correct polarity, and that the fuse is installed and not blown.

  • Page 110: Appendix B: Data Cards

    If you insert a data card and get a ‘card format not recognized’ message, try removing the card and reinserting it. If the card is still not recognized, contact the Garmin or your Garmin dealer for assis- tance. Data cards are not waterproof, should not be exposed to moisture or excessive static charges, and should be stored in the case supplied with the card.

  • Page 111: Appendix C: Maintenance

    Cleaning The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is constructed of high quality materials and does not require user maintenance other than cleaning. Clean the unit using a cloth dampened with a mild detergent solution and then wipe dry. Avoid chemical cleaners and solvents that may damage plastic components.

  • Page 112: Appendix D: Loran Td

    Appendix D Loran TD On the Units Tab of the Main Menu, press MENU, then highlight ‘Loran TD On’ and press ENTER to select Loran TD. Or, highlight the Position Format fi eld, highlight ‘Loran TD’ and press ENTER to select Loran TD. Loran TD System LORAN C is a radio navigation aid operated and maintained in the United States by the United States Coast Guard.
  • Page 113 Because of this the unit can navigate to a TD coordinate anywhere in the world. For more information on Loran TDs, you may download Garmin’ s “Loran TD Position Format Handbook” from the Garmin web site at http://www.garmin.com/support/userManual.html.

  • Page 114: Appendix E: Map Datum

    The GPSMAP’s built-in world-wide database includes coverage down to 20 n.m. (30 km). Note that the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder basemap is valid to 75º north and 60º south of latitude. The ‘User’ datum is based on a WGS-84 Local datum and is an advanced feature for unlisted or custom datums.

  • Page 115: Map Datum

    Kandawala Kandawala- Sri Lanka Kerguelen Islnd Kerguelen Island Kertau 1948 West Malaysia, Singapore L. C. 5 Astro Cayman Brac Island Liberia 1964 Liberia 1964- Liberia Luzon Mindanao Luzon- Mindanao Island Luzon Philippine Luzon- Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.) Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage Isl.

  • Page 116: Appendix F: Messages

    Alarm Clock— The alarm clock has sounded. Alarm Voltage Set Too High— Voltage range must be between 8.0 and 35.0 volts for the GPSMAP 188/238 (GPSMAP 188C 10.0 to 35.0 volts). Alarm Voltage Set Too Low — Voltage range must be between 8.0 and 35.0 volts for the GPSMAP 188/238 (GPSMAP 188C 10.0 to 35.0 volts).
  • Page 117 Shallow Water Alarm— Specifi ed shallow water alarm depth has been detected below transducer. Sonar Failed Unit Needs Repair— Internal problem with the unit. Contact your dealer or Garmin Customer Service (page. iv) to have the unit serviced. Appendix F Messages Track Already Exists: <track name>—...

  • Page 118: Appendix G: Navigation Terms

    Appendix G Avg Speed— The average of all second-by-second speed readings since last reset. Bearing (BRG)— The compass direction from your present position to a destination waypoint. Navigation Terms Course— The desired course between the active ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints. Distance (Dist)—...

  • Page 119: Navigation Terms

    position readings. Appendix G Off Course— The distance you are off a desired course in either direction, left or right. Also referred to as ‘cross-track error’ or ‘course error’. Navigation Terms Speed— The current velocity at which you are travelling, relative to a ground position. Also referred to as ‘ground speed’.

  • Page 120: Appendix H: Time Offsets

    Appendix H Time Offsets A simple way to determine your local time offset is how many hours you are behind or ahead of UTC (also called ‘Greenwich’ or ‘zulu’ time). Example: EST (Eastern Standard Time) is 5 hours behind UTC, so your offset would be -5. Adding one hour for daylight savings would make EDT (Eastern Daylight Time) - 4.

  • Page 121: Appendix I: Understanding Sonar

    If you are unfamiliar with basic sonar, or need help determining what is displayed on the graph, this section may be for you. This section is intended to help the novice user gain some understand- ing of how the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder operates and how it can help improve their fi shing productivity.

  • Page 122: Transducer Coverage

    10° cone angle (200kHz frequency) approximately covers the area of a 6 foot diameter circle at a 30 foot depth. When using the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 in ‘Dual’ frequency mode, the unit transmits both 50kHz and 200kHz signals at the same time. The ‘Dual’ frequency capability of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 allows you to have a large coverage area and still retain good bottom resolution.
  • Page 123 Understanding the Graph It is important to understand that the unit does not display a 3-D representation of the underwater environment. The unit can display multiple things at the same time, but cannot determine where the return originated – only when it was received. Examples 1 and 2 provide a look at the underwater world from a top view, and illustrate how these views would be displayed on the graph.
  • Page 124 Whiteline The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 can help you to determine if the bottom is hard or soft. When the sonar soundwaves are refl ected back by the bottom, a hard bottom will return a stronger signal than a soft bottom.
  • Page 125 Appendix I One of the unique features offered by Garmin is See-Thru technology. See-Thru technology allows the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 to “see” through thermoclines and helps locate fi sh where they live; Understanding the Chart and fi sh love thermoclines! A rough defi nition of a thermocline is a break in water where the water temperature changes faster than the water above it.

  • Page 126: Appendix J: Specifi Cations

    Physical Specifi cations Size: 188: 6.2" H x 6.3" W x 2.6" D (15.8cm x 16.0cm x 6.6cm) 188C: 6.2" H x 6.3" W x 3.7" D (15.8 cm x 16.0 cm x 9.4 cm) 238: 7.5" H x 7.7" W x 2.6" D (19.1 x 19.6 x 6.6 cm) Weight: 188: 1.7 lbs.
  • Page 127 Power Source: GPSMAP 188/238: 8-35v DC GPSMAP 188C: 10-35v DC Usage: 188/238: 8 watts max. at 13.8v DC; 188C: 14 watts max. at 13.8v DC Fuse: GPSMAP 188/238: AGC/3AG - 2.0 Amp GPSMAP 188C: AGC/3AG - 5.0 Amp Sonar Sounder Power: 500 watts (RMS)

  • Page 128: Appendix K: Index

    Appendix K Index Accessories ....... . vi Accuracy ....... . 69 Accuracy Alarm .
  • Page 129 GPS Status ......3, 68-70 ‘Go To’ a Point ......53-54 Going to a Destination .
  • Page 130 Appendix K Index Registration ....... . i Restore Unit Defaults ..... . . 85 Reviewing Waypoints .
  • Page 131 Warnings ....... . . iii Warranty ....... . . iv Water Immersion .
  • Page 134 For the latest free software updates (excluding map data) throughout the life of your Garmin products, visit the Garmin web site at www.garmin.com. © Copyright 2003 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151 Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.

This manual is also suitable for:

Gpsmap 238Gpsmap 188c

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