Related Manuals for Campbell csi mAXON
Summary of Contents for Campbell csi mAXON
- Page 1 CSI Maxon Radiotelemetry Network Revision: 4/03 C o p y r i g h t ( c ) 1 9 8 9 - 2 0 0 3 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c ,...
- Page 2 Warranty and Assistance The CSI MAXON RADIOTELEMETRY NETWORK is warranted by CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless specified otherwise. Batteries have no warranty.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
CSI Maxon Radiotelemetry Network Table of Contents PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. General Radiotelemetry Network ......1-1 1.1 Introduction ..................1-1 1.2 Field Station.................. - Page 4 CSI Maxon Radiotelemetry Network Table of Contents 3.5.1 RF310B Introduction ..............3-15 3.5.2 220, 230, and 240 VAC Conversion ......... 3-15 4. Operation of the Radiotelemetry Network ..... 4-1 4.1 Monitoring and Collecting Data - PC208W RF Notes ......4-1 4.1.1 Basic Concepts ................
- Page 5 CSI Maxon Radiotelemetry Network Table of Contents 3-7 The RF310B Base Station ..............3-16 3-8 Top view of the RF310B Base Station ..........3-17 4-1 PC208W Main Tool Bar ..............4-1 4-2 PC208W Setup Window/Schedule Tab ..........4-3 4-3 PC208W Connect Window, Tools Tab..........4-4 B-1 Portable Base Station................B-4...
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Page 7: General Radiotelemetry Network
1.1 Introduction Data retrieval from a remote site can be difficult. To accomplish data collection from isolated sites Campbell Scientific, Inc. utilizes a radiotelemetry (RF telemetry) network. Dataloggers can be accessed by RF telemetry which requires no physical connection from the computer to the datalogger. The RF telemetry link reduces the number of visits to a remote site for data collection. -
Page 8: Field Station
Purpose: The field station is where the measurements are made. The Campbell Scientific datalogger resides at this station taking the desired measurements. Any field station can also operate as a repeater. The only requirement is that the station’s antenna must be able to communicate in all desired directions. -
Page 9: Base Station
Section 1. General Radiotelemetry Network ANTENNA RF310M FIGURE 1-2. A CR10(X) Field Station 1.3 Base Station Purpose: A base station utilizes a computer to collect data from the field station(s). Normally, all communication to the field stations originate at the base station. Data retrieval, remote programming, and system analysis can all be done from the base station. -
Page 10: Repeater
Section 1. General Radiotelemetry Network RS232 Cable To Antenna CARRIER DETECT RF310B RF BASE STATION POWER MADE IN U.S.A. PC208W Datalogger Support Software for Windows Setup Instructions: Disk 1 of 4 1. Start Microsoft Windows 2. Insert Disk 1 in drive A. 3. - Page 11 Section 1. General Radiotelemetry Network PS512M RF310M RF310 FIGURE 1-4. A Typical RF Telemetry Repeater Station...
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Page 13: Assembling The Radiotelemetry Network
Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network This section provides a logical order for RF network assembly and deployment. Details of specific components in the system are described in Section 3 “Radiotelemetry Network Components.” Section 3 is cross-referenced throughout this assembly section. 2.1 Final Layout The initial locations of the base, field, and repeater stations have likely been determined already. -
Page 14: Pc208W Datalogger Support Software
Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network After the antenna is mounted, connect the coax cable between the antenna and the BNC connector mounted in Step 2. Replace the cover of the RF310B. Connect a large gauge (approximately 8 AWG) copper wire from the antenna to a good earth ground. - Page 15 Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network The SETUP window is used to create a device map which contains the RF Link information. This information includes the station ID, communication path and conditions for calling a particular field station. Procedures for creating an RF communications link are explained in Section 1 of the PC208W manual.
- Page 16 Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network Select the Appropriate Communications port. If your computer uses COM2, click the “Add COM port” button to add an RS-232 communications port. Next click the “Add Device” button. When the “Add Device” button is clicked the “Add New Device” dialog box opens.
- Page 17 Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network This window shows the RF modem (RF1) attached to RS-232 communication port 2. Next use the Add Device button again to connect the datalogger to RF1. This window shows the CR10X datalogger connected to the RF modem. Notice the Dialed Using RF95 path has been set to 10F.
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Page 18: Install Nearest Repeater/Field Station
Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network 2.3 Install Nearest Repeater/Field Station Now to install the nearest field station. If it communicates with the base station via a repeater, the repeater station must also be installed. Following is the order in which a general RF field station should be installed. A repeater station is installed in the same order. -
Page 19: Troubleshooting Unsuccessful Communication Attempts
Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network Verify everything is connected properly. See Section 2.5.1 for more suggestions. Use the error messages in the error file to identify where the link is breaking down. See Section 2.5.2 for more information. Try communicating from the base station to the field station, one step at a time. - Page 20 Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network One possible error message is "RF1 Failed to Get Attention." This message indicates PC208W cannot communicate with the RF310M modem. Check the following items: RF310B Base Station plugged into computer and wall outlet? RF310B Power Switch turned on? Has PC208W been set up correctly? Is the proper COM port specified in the Setup window? Is the SC12 9-pin cable inside the RF310B connected from the small...
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Page 21: Troubleshooting With The Terminal Emulator
Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network 2.5.3 Troubleshooting with the Terminal Emulator A general understanding of the communication sequences is necessary to properly trouble-shoot an RF link. The base station RF modem (RF310M) is called the Start Of Link modem, or SOL modem. The field station RF modem is called the End Of Link modem, or EOL modem. - Page 22 Section 2. Assembling the Radiotelemetry Network Things to check if TASK B is unsuccessful: Improper antenna orientation. Bad connections on the antenna cables, or improper antenna cables. Insufficient current supply at the base station. Is AC power good? Field station radio is not connected to power or power supply is weak. Check battery voltage under load, should be no less than 11.7 volts.
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Page 23: Radiotelemetry Network Components
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components 3.1 RF310M Modem The RF310M is an interface between the computer and the radio when used at a base station, and an interface between the radio and the datalogger at a field station. In a repeater station, the RF310M is an interface between two other communication stations. -
Page 24: Setting Station Id
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components RF310M FIGURE 3-1. The RF310M Modem TABLE 3-1. A Sample of Station ID Numbers and the Corresponding Switch Settings Station Switch Settings 1234 56789 0000 0000X 0101 0000X 0010 1000X 0111 1000X 0001 0100X 0100 1100X 0011 1100X... -
Page 25: The Carrier Detect Light
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components either be open, represented by 1, or closed, represented by 0; X in Table 3-1 refers to "don't care." The ninth dip switch is set according to the desired RF310M state, see Section 3.1.2 "RF310M States." The RF310M is shipped with a Station ID of 1 and are set in the RF310M-ME state. -
Page 26: Rf310 Modem Communication Protocol
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components 3.1.6 RF310M Modem Communication Protocol Comprehension of this section is not necessary for routine operation of the RF310M Modem. The PC208W Datalogger Support Software accounts for the necessary communication protocol. There must be an RF310M Modem at both the calling (or computer) end of the transmission link, and at the answer (or datalogger) end of the transmission link. -
Page 27: Rf310M Command Character Summary
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components 3.1.7 RF310M Modem and the RF Link The RF link is the communication path which is opened between the Start Of Link modem and the End Of Link modem, along with any Middle Of Link modems. - Page 28 Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components The first step in setting up an RF link, once in the Local Command Mode, is to create a setup block using the "S" command. The setup string is entered via the computer as follows: Sxxx yyy where: ID number of the RF310M which is acting as the repeater in the...
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Page 29: Summary Of The Shutdown Block
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components 3.1.7.3 Shutting Down the RF Link Sending the "E" character to a datalogger causes the datalogger to drop its ME line, which causes a shutdown of the RF link. A shutdown block is created by the EOL modem which can be sent to the computer as an indicator of communication quality. -
Page 30: Rf310 Connections
The RF310 is a VHF radio and the RF312 if a UHF radio. References to the RF310 generally apply to the RF312. The RF310 is used in Campbell Scientific's RF applications to transmit and receive data blocks. The radios are shipped from Campbell Scientific secured on a mounting bracket designed to fasten on the top of the RF modem (see Figure 3-3). -
Page 31: Radio Specifications
FIGURE 3-3. RF310 On Bracket With Connector 3.2.3 Radio Installation The RF310 Radios are shipped from Campbell Scientific mounted on a special bracket with a cable going from the radio to a BNC connector (see Figure 3-3). The following steps will install a radio for a field or repeater station. Power should be off before installing radios. -
Page 32: Antenna Mounts
Antennas must be properly oriented in relationship to the other antennas for RF communications to work. Antennas have various mounting options. Table 3-7 lists mounting specifications for several common Celwave antennas. Specific questions regarding antennas can be directed to Campbell Scientific, Inc. or Celwave. Celwave's address and phone numbers are: Celwave... -
Page 33: Antenna Cables And Connectors
Type-NF (female) for antennas with male receptacles. A Campbell Scientific antenna cable complete with connectors is specified as either COAX NM-L or COAX NF-L. COAX NF-L is a coaxial RG-8A/U cable with a BNC connector on one end and a Type-NF connector on the other. -
Page 34: Tripods, Towers, Enclosures, And Power Supplies
3.4.2.1 CR10X and CR23X Enclosures Campbell Scientific offers two enclosures for housing a CR10X or CR23X and peripherals. The fiberglass enclosures are classified as NEMA 4X (water-tight, dust-tight, corrosion-resistant, indoor and outdoor use). A 1.25” diameter... -
Page 35: Power Supply
3.4.2.2 CR7 Enclosures Most CR7 radiotelemetry applications have special needs depending on the individual system. The ENC-24 is normally used in CR7 RF applications. Contact Campbell Scientific's customer service department for special applications. 3.4.3 Power Supply A radiotelemetry network requires a reliable power supply at each station. A solar panel or 110/220 VAC charging source is normally required due to the large current drain of the radio. -
Page 36: Ps12La Battery And Ac Transformer Specifications
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components Some solar panels are supplied with a connector. This connector must be clipped off so the two wires can be inserted into the two terminal ports. The red charge light is on when AC power or a solar panel is connected to the PS12. -
Page 37: Rf310B Base Station
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components networks. The PS12LA cannot be modified to the PS512M. The maximum current drain on the 5 Volt supply of the PS512M is 150 mA. 3.5 RF310B Base Station 3.5.1 RF310B Introduction The RF310B Base Station provides a "single box" desktop base station with the following features: •... -
Page 38: The Rf310B Base Station
Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components TABLE 3-7. Pin Description for RF310B 25-Pin Port Description − Ground RING TABLE 3-8. RF310B Power Conversions Pins Jumpered Apply AC 110 VAC 1-3, 2-4 120 VAC 1-3, 2-4 220 VAC 230 VAC 240 VAC FIGURE 3-7. - Page 39 Section 3. Radiotelemetry Network Components RF310B TOP VIEW FIGURE 3-8. Top View of the RF310B Base Station 3-17...
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Page 41: Operation Of The Radiotelemetry Network
Section 4. Operation of the Radiotelemetry Network All field stations can be accessed and monitored from the central base site. Regular visits to the field sites are required to ensure that all sensors are in place, enclosures are dry, solar panel is clean, and that the tripod and antenna are secure. Frequency of visits to the field sites are variable depending on environmental conditions and the sensors utilized. -
Page 42: Automated Data Collection - Pc208W
Section 4. Operation of the Radiotelemetry Network COM port. If you need an RS-232 port other than COM1, use the “Add COM Port” button. Use the “Add Device…” button to add your RF modem or Phone modem to the COM port. The Add Device button opens the “Add New Device”... -
Page 43: General Communication - Pc208W Connect Window
Section 4. Operation of the Radiotelemetry Network FIGURE 4-2. PC208W Setup Window/Schedule Tab 4.1.4 General Communication - PC208W Connect Window General communications include: collect data, send and retrieve programs, monitor measurements in real time, graph real time data, etc. PC208W/Connect window supports these general communication tasks. First establish a communication link. -
Page 44: Datalogger Initiated Communications
Section 4. Operation of the Radiotelemetry Network FIGURE 4-3. PC208W Connect Window, Tools Tab 4.2 Datalogger Initiated Communications The datalogger can call the computer to initiate data collection, sometimes termed "call back." Instruction 97, Initiate Telecommunications, is used for this purpose. Call back is commonly used to initiate data collection under emergency situations (e.g., water level falls below lower limit). -
Page 45: Setting The Station Id
Appendix A. Setting the Station ID Each RF310M, including the one in the RF base station, must have a unique Station ID. Each RF modem has nine dip switches; the first eight must be set for a particular Station ID. Following is a list of all possible Station IDs with the corresponding setting of the dip switches. - Page 46 Appendix A. Setting the Station ID 1010 1000X 0000 0010X 1101 0110X 0110 1000X 1000 0010X 0011 0110X 1110 1000X 0100 0010X 1011 0110X 0001 1000X 1100 0010X 0111 0110X 1001 1000X 0010 0010X 1111 0110X 0101 1000X 1010 0010X 0000 1110X 1101...
- Page 47 Appendix A. Setting the Station ID SWITCHES SWITCHES SWITCHES 1234 56789 1234 56789 1234 56789 1001 0100X 0010 1010X 1111 1110X 0101 0100X 1010 1010X 0000 0001X 1000 0001X 0011 0101X 1110 1011X 0100 0001X 1011 0101X 0001 1011X 1100 0001X 0111 0101X...
- Page 48 Appendix A. Setting the Station ID 0001 1001X 1100 0011X 0111 0111X 1001 1001X 0010 0011X 1111 0111X 0101 1001X 1010 0011X 0000 1111X 1101 1001X 0110 0011X 1000 1111X 0011 1001X 1110 0011X 0100 1111X 1011 1001X 0001 0011X 1100 1111X 0111...
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Page 49: Alternate Base Station Configurations
Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations The basic base station consists of a computer and the RF310B Base Station. There are other options for a base station including a portable base station, a phone-to-RF base station, and a phone-to-RF base station with measurement capability. B.1 The Portable Base Station The portable base station is an aid in setting up a large radiotelemetry network, or in trouble-shooting RF network communication problems. - Page 50 Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations Phone to RF: Select the proper calling modem from the “Modem Pick List”. The calling modem is connected to the computer. Use 9600 baud for the COM200, 4800 baud for the COM100 and 1200 baud for the DC112. Phone to RF setup.
- Page 51 Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations Phone to RF: Each datalogger field site needs the “Dialed Using RF95 Path:” set. This is the address set in the RF310M RF Modem. Phone to RF: When a repeater is used, the “Dialed Using RF95 Path:” includes the path of the repeater followed by the path of the field site.
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Page 52: Phone-To-Rf Base Station With Measurement Capability
Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations RF310M RF310/312 FIGURE B-1. Portable Base Station B.3 Phone-to-RF Base Station with Measurement Capability When it is desired to have a datalogger at a phone-to-RF base station, the datalogger must be a CR10, CR10X, CR23X, CR510, or CR500 and the RF310M must be in the RF310M-SDC State. - Page 53 Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations The correct calling modem (connected to computer) should be selected from the “Modem Pick List”. The COM200 uses 9600 baud, DC112 uses 1200, COM100 uses 4800. The “Base CR10X” must have the phone number and security code set.
- Page 54 Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations The RF Modem (RF1) works with the default settings. Each datalogger field site needs the “Dialed Using RF95 Path:” set. This is the same address set in the RF310M RF Modem. This window shows a phone to RF base with measurement using a repeater to get to CR10X5.
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Page 55: Phone-To-Rf Base Station
Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations RF310M RF310/312 FIGURE B-2. Phone-To-RF Base Station RF310M RF310/312 FIGURE B-3. Phone-To-RF Base Station With Measurement Capability... - Page 56 Appendix B. Alternate Base Station Configurations This is a blank page.
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Page 57: Power Calculations
Appendix C. Power Calculations There must be enough transmission power in any RF link to complete communication. The sources of power are the radio and the antennas. Conversely, power is lost both through the cables (coax loss) and over the distance of communication (path loss). - Page 58 Appendix C. Power Calculations Power Conversion Conversion of Watts to dBm can be done with the following formula. dBm = 10 * Log((Watts)/0.001)
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Page 59: Fundamentals Of Radiotelemetry
Radio waves can be divided into three categories: 1) ground waves, 2) direct waves, and 3) sky waves. All communication with Campbell Scientific's RF networks are done via direct waves. Direct waves travel "line-of-sight" at a maximum distance of approximately 25 miles. -
Page 60: Antennas
The main forms of modulation are amplitude, frequency, and pulse modulation. Frequency modulation (FM) is used by Campbell Scientific. D.2 Antennas An antenna is a device which captures and radiates radio waves. The antenna at the transmitting station is excited by the transmitting radio. -
Page 61: Transceiver
Appendix D. Fundamentals of Radiotelemetry blocks, modulates the radio's carrier wave, and stores information on communication quality. The user at the computer is responsible for naming the desired communication path with a setup string. This setup string contains any repeater (MOL) modem IDs and the destination (EOL) modem ID in sequence. - Page 62 Appendix D. Fundamentals of Radiotelemetry This is a blank page.
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Page 63: Rf310M States
Appendix E. RF310M States The RF310M Modem operates in one of two separate states. The RF310M can be utilized in either the RF310M-ME (Modem Enable) State or the RF310M-SDC (Synchronous Device Communication) State. The RF310M-ME State is normally used for all RF networks. - Page 64 Appendix E. RF310M States is transmitted on the rising edge of CLK/HS. The RF310M completes addressing when the eighth bit is received. The synchronous device capability enables the Datalogger to have measurement capability at a phone-to-RF base station. A command within the address sent to the RF310M can tell the RF310M to connect to the phone modem which requires the RF310M to switch its TXD and RXD lines.
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Page 65: F. Specifications
Appendix F. Specifications Specifications - RF310 and RF312 Radios General Equipment Type Data Radio Performance Specifications TIA/EIA-603 & ETS 300-113 Channel Spacing 25 kHz, 12.5 kHz Programmable RF Output Power 5 or 1 Watt Modulation Type F3D, F3E Intermediate Frequency 45.1 MHz &... - Page 66 Appendix F. Specifications Audio Frequency Response Within +1/-3dB of 6dB octave @300 Hz to 2.55 kHz for 12.5 kHz C.S. @300 Hz to 3.0 kHz for 25 kHz C.S. Adjacent Channel Power 25 kHz <70 dBc @ Nominal Condition <65 dBc @ Extreme Condition 12.5 kHz <60 dBc @ Nominal Condition <55 dBc @ Extreme Condition...
- Page 67 Appendix F. Specifications 12.5 kHz CP < 40Db with PSOPH Receiver Response Time <16 mS Squelch Opening Range RF level for 6 to 14 dB Sinad Squelch Closing Range (Hysteresis) 0 - 6 dB Sinad @ Nominal Condition Squelch Attack Time: RF Level at Threshold <...
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Page 69: Glossary
Glossary Antenna - Device for radiating and receiving radio signals. Attenuation - The reduction of an electrical signal without appreciable distortion. Base Station - The destination for accumulated data; where data is received via radio from one or more field stations. Baud Rate - A unit of data transmission speed, normally equal to one bit per second. - Page 70 Glossary Radio - Device which transmits and receives electrical signals by means of radio waves. Radio Frequency - The number of cycles per second with which the carrier wave travels, usually specified in Megahertz. Radiotelemetry - Process of transmitting data by radio communication. Radiotelemetry Link - A temporary communication path within a network.
- Page 71 Glossary VHF (Very High Frequency) - Carrier frequencies commonly in the range of 130 to 174 MHz. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) - The ratio of the standing wave voltage across the RF transmission cable at the high voltage points to that at the low voltage points.
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- Page 74 Campbell Scientific Companies Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Logan, Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www.campbellsci.com info@campbellsci.com Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf) PO Box 2450 Somerset West 7129 SOUTH AFRICA www.csafrica.co.za sales@csafrica.co.za Campbell Scientific Australia Pty. Ltd. (CSA)