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Novell LINUX ENTERPRISE SERVER 10 SP2 - VIRTUALIZATION WITH XEN Manual

Virtualization with xen
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SUSE Linux Enterprise
Server
10 SP2
October 27, 2009
Virtualization with Xen
www.novell.com

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Summary of Contents for Novell LINUX ENTERPRISE SERVER 10 SP2 - VIRTUALIZATION WITH XEN

  • Page 1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP2 www.novell.com Virtualization with Xen October 27, 2009...
  • Page 2 That this manual, specifically for the printed format, is reproduced and/or distributed for noncommercial use only. The express authorization of Novell, Inc must be obtained prior to any other use of any manual or part thereof. http://www.novell For Novell trademarks, see the Novell Trademark and Service Mark list .com/company/legal/trademarks/tmlist.html.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Contents Preface 1 Introduction to Xen Virtualization Basic Components ......Understanding Virtualization Modes ....Xen Virtualization Architecture .
  • Page 4 Controlling the Host by Modifying xend Settings ... . Configuring a Virtual Machine by Modifying its xend Settings ..The xm Command ......5 Virtualization: Configuration Options and Settings Virtual CD Readers .

  • Page 5: Additional Documentation

    Server target for installation. Installation and Administration In-depth installation and administration for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. For a documentation overview on the SUSE® Linux Enterprise Desktop product, refer to http://www.novell.com/documentation/sled10/index.html. http://www Documentation regarding the Open Enterprise Server 2 is found at .novell.com/documentation/oes2/index.html.
  • Page 6 3 Documentation Conventions The following typographical conventions are used in this manual: • /etc/passwd: filenames and directory names • placeholder: replace placeholder with the actual value • PATH: the environment variable PATH • ls, --help: commands, options, and parameters • user: users or groups •...

  • Page 7: Introduction To Xen Virtualization

    Introduction to Xen Virtualization Virtualization of operating systems is used in many different computing areas. It finds its applications in server consolidation, energy saving efforts, or the ability to run older software on new hardware, for example. This chapter introduces and explains the components and technologies you need to understand to set up and manage a Xen-based virtualization environment.

  • Page 8: Understanding Virtualization Modes

    • The SUSE Linux operating system, which gives the administrator a graphical and command line environment to manage the virtual machine host components and its virtual machines. NOTE The term “Domain0” refers to a special domain that provides the manage- ment environment.

  • Page 9: Xen Virtualization Architecture

    • Full virtualization mode lets virtual machines run unmodified operating systems, such as Windows* Server 2003 and Windows XP, but requires the computer running as the virtual machine host to support hardware-assisted virtualization technology, such as AMD* Virtualization or Intel* Virtualization Technology. Some guest operating systems hosted in full virtualization mode, can be configured to run SUSE Linux Enterprise Virtual Machine Drivers instead of operating-system- specific drivers.

  • Page 10: The Virtual Machine Host

    Figure 1.1 Virtualization Architecture On the left, the virtual machine host’s Domain0 is shown running the SUSE Linux op- erating system. The two virtual machines shown in the middle are running paravirtualized operating systems. The virtual machine on the right shows a fully virtual machine run- ning an unmodified operating system, such as Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP.
  • Page 11 Figure 1.2 Desktop Showing Virtual Machine Manager and Virtual Machines Introduction to Xen Virtualization...

  • Page 13: Setting Up A Virtual Machine Host

    Setting Up a Virtual Machine Host This section documents how to set up and use SUSE Linux Enterprise 10 SP2 as a vir- tual machine host. In most cases, the hardware requirements for the Domain0 are the same as those for the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server operating system, but additional CPU, disk, memory, and network resources should be added to accommodate the resource demands of all planned VM Guest systems.

  • Page 14: Best Practices And Suggestions

    System Compo- Minimum Requirements nent Free Disk Space 7 GB of available disk space for the host. Optical Drive DVD-ROM Drive Hard Drive 20 GB Network Board Ethernet 100 Mbps IP Address • One IP address on a subnet for the host. •...

  • Page 15: Setting Up A 32-Bit Domain 0 On A 64-Bit Hypervisor

    • Change the default boot to the Xen label, then click Set as Default. • Click Finish. • Disable powersave functionality on the host and all guest operating systems. On the host computer and other Linux computers, you can use the chkconfig powersaved off command.
  • Page 16 4 In the Filter drop-down list, select Search, then search for kernel-xen. Make sure that kernel-xenpaeis selected for installation and that kernel-xen is not selected. 5 Complete the SUSE Linux installation program. The installation program copies files, reboots, and prompts you for additional setup information.

  • Page 17: Managing Domain 0 Memory

    15 Verify that the computer is running the 64-bit hypervisor by entering: xm info | grep xen_caps It should report a 64-bit Xen hypervisor, such as xen-3.0-x86_64. 2.3 Managing Domain 0 Memory When the host is set up, a percentage of system memory is reserved for the hypervisor, and all remaining memory is automatically allocated to Domain0.

  • Page 18: Networks Card In Fully Virtualized Guests

    2.3.2 Setting a Minimum Amount of Memory To set a minimum amount of memory for Domain0, edit the dom0-min-mem param- eter in the /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp file and restart xend. For more informa- tion, see Section 4.2, “Controlling the Host by Modifying xend Settings” (page 29). 2.4 Networks Card in Fully Virtualized Guests In a fully virtualized guest, the default network card is an emulated Realtek network...

  • Page 19: Starting The Virtual Machine Host

    For more about Kdump, see also .novell.com/rc/docrepository/public/37/basedocument .2007-09-13.2960758124/4622069_f_en.pdf. If the Xen option is not on the GRUB menu, review the steps for installation and verify that the GRUB boot loader has been updated.
  • Page 20 NOTE: Time Services on Virtual Guests Hardware clocks commonly are not very precise. All modern operating systems try to correct the system time compared to the hardware time by means of an additional time source. To get the correct time on all VM Guest systems, also activate the network time services on each respective guest or make sure that the guest uses the system time of the host.

  • Page 21: Setting Up Virtual Machines

    Setting Up Virtual Machines A virtual machine is comprised of data and operating system files that define the virtual environment. Virtual machines are hosted and controlled by the virtual machine host. This section provides generalized instructions for installing virtual machines. Virtual machines have few if any requirements above those required to run the operating system.
  • Page 22 Server 10 SP2 media and the OES 2 Linux add-on CD. For procedures to create the installation sources, see "Setting Up the Server Holding the Installation Sources" in the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 Installation and Administration Guide [http://www.novell.com/documentation/sles10/sles_admin/ data/sec_deployment_remoteinst_instserver.html] For further prerequisites, consult the manuals of the respective operating system to in- stall.

  • Page 23: Installing An Operating System

    If the wizard does not appear or the vm-install command does not work, review the process of installing and starting the virtualization host server. The virtualization software might not be installed properly. 3.2 Installing an Operating System You can choose to run an installation program or choose a disk or disk image that already has an installed and bootable operating system.
  • Page 24 Figure 3.2 Summary Information about the following operating systems is included: • OES NetWare Virtual Machines, see Section 6.1, “NetWare Virtual Machines” (page 61). • OES Linux Virtual Machines, see Section 6.2, “OES Linux Virtual Machines” (page 61). • SUSE Linux Virtual Machines, see Section 6.3, “SUSE Linux Virtual Machines” (page 61).
  • Page 25 2 Each virtual machine must have a unique name. The name entered on this page is used to create and name the virtual machine’s configuration file. The configu- ration file contains parameters that define the virtual machine and is saved to the /etc/xen/vm/ directory.
  • Page 26 For best performance, create each virtual disk from an entire disk or a partition. For the next best performance, create an image file but do not create it as a sparse image file. A virtual disk based on a sparse image file delivers the most disk- space flexibility but slows installation and disk access speeds.

  • Page 27: Including Add-On Products In The Installation

    Additional Arguments field. These arguments may either be kernel options, or options for linuxrc. More information about linuxrc can be found at http://www.novell.com/documentation/sles10/sles_admin/ data/sec_deployment_remoteinst_bootinst.html If all the information on the Summary screen is correct, click OK to create the virtual machine.

  • Page 28: Using The Command Line To Create Virtual Machines

    xvda Main system disk. xvdb ISO image of the installation medium. xvdc ISO image of the Add-On product. During the installation, add the Add-On product to the installation by entering the device path. Commonly, this path looks like hd:///?device=/dev/xvd<letter>. In the special example with “xvdc”...

  • Page 29: Deleting Virtual Machines

    Figure 3.3 Command Line Interface 3.5 Deleting Virtual Machines When you use Virtual Machine Manager or the xm command to delete a virtual machine, it no longer appears as a virtual machine, but its initial startup file and virtual disks are not automatically deleted.

  • Page 30: Troubleshooting

    Server 9 VM Guest will not be able to find its root file system when running on a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 VM Host Server. To be able to still boot the system, you must know which device is used for the root partition of your virtual system.
  • Page 31 kernel: PCI-DMA: Out of SW-IOMMU space for 32768 bytes at device 000:01:02.0 In this case you need to increase the size of the swiotlb. Add “swiotlb=128” on the Domain0 cmdline. Note that the number can be adjusted up or down to find the optimal size for the machine.

  • Page 33: Managing A Virtualization Environment

    Managing a Virtualization Environment Graphical utilities, text-based commands, and modified configuration files are methods you can choose from to manage your virtualization environment.Virtual Machine Manager is a graphical utility available in YaST that can be launched from the virtual machine Domain0. Figure 4.1 Desktop Showing Virtual Machine Manager and Virtual Machines Managing a Virtualization Environment...

  • Page 34: Virtual Machine Manager

    From a command line interface on the virtual machine host, you can use the vm-install program and xm commands to create and manage virtual machines. You can also edit configuration files to change the settings of the virtual machine host or a virtual machine. 4.1 Virtual Machine Manager From the desktop of the management virtual machine, the YaST Virtual Machine Manager provides a graphical user interface you can use to create and manage virtual...

  • Page 35: Controlling The Host By Modifying Xend Settings

    • Clicking New in Virtual Machine Manager launches the Create Virtual Machine Wizard, which walks you through the steps required to set up a virtual machine. See also Section 3.1, “Creating a Virtual Machine” (page 15). 4.2 Controlling the Host by Modifying xend Settings The xend is a key component of Xen virtualization.

  • Page 36: Configuring A Virtual Machine By Modifying Its Xend Settings

    • To restart the xend daemon, enter rcxend restart. • To check the status of the xend daemon, enter rcxend status. The parameters in the xend-config.sxp file can be customized to meet your re- quirements for virtualization. For a full list of all available options, read the manual page of xend-config.sxp.

  • Page 37: The Xm Command

    (memory 384) (uuid 4fbcb943-871c-9a51-3a48-3ad99d933841) (bootloader_args '- -entry=xvda2:/boot/vmlinuz-xen,/boot/initrd-xen') (name SLES10SP1withOES2) (maxmem 512) (on_reboot restart) (on_poweroff destroy) (vcpus 1) (bootloader /usr/lib/xen/boot/domUloader.py) (shadow_memory 0) (cpu_weight 256) (cpu_cap 0) (features ) (on_xend_start ignore) (on_xend_stop ignore) (start_time 1178219902.47) (cpu_time 4574.26779201) (online_vcpus 1) (image (linux (kernel /var/lib/xen/tmp/kernel.Bg0o6h) (ramdisk /var/lib/xen/tmp/ramdisk.Bch8YM) (args 'TERM=xterm ') (status 2)
  • Page 38 list the current domains, enable or pin virtual CPUs, and attach or detach block devices. For example, the xm list command displays the status of all virtual machines. # xm list Name Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 r----- 2712.9 -b---- 16.3 SLES10 12.9...

  • Page 39: Virtualization: Configuration Options And Settings

    Virtualization technology is being rapidly developed. In an effort to keep you up to date on the most current information, this documentation will be updated more often than traditional Novell product documentation. To create a more dynamic environment, it will quickly include any feedback and new virtualization discoveries made by you and other users through the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page.
  • Page 40 NOTE Only limited support for virtual machine removable media is available in the original version of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. Much of the following infor- mation pertains to functionality available in maintenance updates. If you are installing drivers from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Virtual Machine Driver Pack, proceed by completing one of the following: •...
  • Page 41 do not have enough CD readers, create image files from the CDs and make those available. To create an image file, the following command may be used: dd if=/dev/cdrom of=<path to image>/cdimage.iso On request of the installation system, press Details and manually point to the correct disk by changing xvdb to xvdc, xvdc to xvdd and so on.
  • Page 42 5 Click Hardware > Disk. 6 Click CD-ROM. 7 Specify the path to the physical CD reader, such as /dev/cdrom. If you are adding a virtual CD reader based on an ISO, specify the path to the ISO image file. 8 Click OK to apply the changes.
  • Page 43 5.1.4 Adding Virtual CD Readers (Command Line Method) 1 Make sure that the virtual machine is running and the operating system has fin- ished booting. 2 Insert the CD into the physical CD reader or copy the ISO image to the host. 3 In a terminal on the host, enter the appropriate command •...

  • Page 44: Remote Access Methods

    The CD or ISO image file should appear in the virtual machine’s operating system. 5.1.5 Removing Virtual CD Readers 1 Make sure that the virtual machine is running and the operating system has fin- ished booting. 2 If the virtual CD reader is mounted, unmount it from within the virtual machine. You can enter fdisk -l in the virtual machine’s terminal to view its block devices.

  • Page 45: Vnc Viewer

    Graphical Desktop with X Window Server If a graphical desktop, such as GNOME or KDE, is installed on the virtual machine host you can use a remote viewer, such as a VNC viewer. On a remote computer, log in and manage the host environment by using graphical tools, such as Virtual Machine Manager.
  • Page 46 To use the VNC viewer from a remote computer, remote administration must be enabled on the host. You can use the YaST Remote Administration module. Figure 5.1 YaST Remote Administration In addition to this, change vnc-listen in /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp to open the access to the VM Guest. This is necessary, if you encounter messages like vncviewer: ConnectToTcpAddr: connect: Connection refused from a remote host.
  • Page 47 Figure 5.2 Mozilla Firefox VNC Viewer When successfully connected, the VNC viewer shows the display of the running virtual machine. 5.3.1 Assigning VNC Viewer Port Numbers to Virtual Machines Although the default behavior of VNC viewer is to assign the first available port number, you might want to assign a specific VNC viewer port number to a specific virtual ma- chine.

  • Page 48: The Boot Loader Program

    5.3.2 Using SDL instead of a VNC Viewer If you access a virtual machine’s display from the virtual machine host console (known as local or on-box access), you might want to use SDL instead of VNC viewer. VNC viewer is faster for viewing desktops over a network, but SDL is faster for viewing desktops from the same computer.
  • Page 49 Figure 5.3 Boot Loader Settings Select the Xen section, then click Edit to manage the way the boot loader and Xen function. Figure 5.4 Boot Loader Settings: Section Management You can use the Boot Loader program to specify functionality, such as: •...
  • Page 50 • Select a specific hypervisor • Pass additional parameters to the hypervisor (see /usr/share/doc/packages/ xen/pdf/user.pdf section “Xen Boot Options” after installing the package xen-doc-pdf). You can customize your virtualization environment by editing the /boot/grub/ menu.lst file. If the Xen option does not appear on the GRUB boot menu, you can compare your up- dated GRUB boot loader file with the examples below to confirm that it was updated correctly.

  • Page 51: Changing The Host's Desktop From Text Mode To Gui Mode

    rameter is dom0_mem=<amount_of_memory>, which specifies how much memory to allocate to Domain0. The amount of memory is specified in KB, or you can specify the units with a K, M, or G suffix, for example 128M. If the amount is not specified, the Domain0 takes the maximum possible memory for its operations.

  • Page 52: Paravirtual Mode And Journaling File Systems

    3 Enter sax2 to run the SaX2 graphical configuration module. 4 Configure the GUI as desired. 5 Enter telinit 5 to switch to GUI mode. 5.6 Paravirtual Mode and Journaling File Systems It is recommended that operating systems running in paravirtual mode set up their kernel on a separate partition that uses a non-journaling file system, such as ext2.

  • Page 53: Virtual Machine Initial Startup Files

    5.7 Virtual Machine Initial Startup Files During the process of creating a new virtual machine, initial startup settings are written to a file created at /etc/xen/vm/. During the creation process, the virtual machine starts according to settings in this file, but the settings are then transferred and stored in xend for ongoing operations.
  • Page 54 Entry Description This entry specifies a virtual disk based on a file ( file:) named hda and located at /var/lib/xen/images/VM1_SLES10/. It presents itself as the first drive (xvda) and has read/write access (w). Disks can also be based on a block device. memory = Virtual memory in Mb.

  • Page 55: Sparse Image Files And Disk Space

    Entry Description ostype = Type of operating system. uuid = Identification number for a virtual drive. 5.8 Sparse Image Files and Disk Space If the host’s physical disk reaches a state where it has no available space, a virtual ma- chine using a virtual disk based on a sparse image file is unable to write to its disk.
  • Page 56 To view a virtual machine’s current keymap entry, enter the following command on the Domain0: xm list -l vm_name | grep keymap You can specify a keymap entry to be used for all virtual machines and keymap entries for specific machines. •...
  • Page 57 Language Keymap Setting Spanish Finnish French French-Belgium fr-be French-Canada fr-ca French-Switzerland fr-ch Hungarian Icelandic Italian Japanese Dutch Dutch-Belgium nl-be Norwegian Polish Portuguese Portuguese-Brazil pt-br Russian Swedish Virtualization: Configuration Options and Settings...

  • Page 58: Mapping Physical Storage To Virtual Disks

    5.10 Mapping Physical Storage to Virtual Disks To specify a mapping between physical storage and the virtual disk, you might need to edit the virtual machine’s disk information. Follow the instructions in Section 4.3, “Configuring a Virtual Machine by Modifying its xend Settings” (page 30), to change the respective device entry to the desired setting.

  • Page 59: Virtual Disks

    Protocol Description Example iscsi: iSCSI targets using connections initiated iscsi:IQN,LUN from domain 0 npiv: Fibre Channel connections initiated from npiv:NPIV,LUN domain 0 5.11 Virtual Disks Virtual disks can be based on the following types of physical devices and files. Each type includes an example statement.

  • Page 60: Migrating Virtual Machines

    5.12 Migrating Virtual Machines A running virtual machine can be migrated from its source virtual machine host to an- other virtual machine host. This functionality is referred to as live migration. For live migration to work, the virtual machine being migrated must have access to its storage in exactly the same location on both, source and destination host platforms.

  • Page 61: Xm Block-List Device Numbers

    For example, to pass Ctrl + Alt + F2 to a Linux virtual machine, press Ctrl three times, then press Alt + F2 . You can also press Alt three times, then press Ctrl + F2 . The sticky key functionality is available in Virtual Machine Manager during and after installing a virtual machine.

  • Page 62: File-Backed Virtual Disks And Loopback Devices

    5.15 File-Backed Virtual Disks and Loopback Devices When a virtual machine is running, each of its file-backed virtual disks consumes a loopback device on the host. By default, the host allows up to eight loopback devices to be consumed. To simultaneously run more file-backed virtual disks on a host, you can increase the number of available loopback devices by adding the following option to the host’s /etc/modprobe.conf.local file.

  • Page 63: Restoring Virtual Machines

    IMPORTANT After using the save operation, do not boot, start, or run a virtual machine that you intend to restore. If the virtual machine is at any time restarted before it is restored, the saved memory-state file becomes invalid and should not be used to restore.
  • Page 64 The restore operation deletes the previously-saved memory-state file and assigns a new ID to the virtual machine. The virtual machine name and UUID remain the same as previously saved. IMPORTANT After using the save operation, do not boot, start, or run the virtual machine you intend to restore.

  • Page 65: Virtual Machine States

    5.18 Virtual Machine States A virtual machine’s state can be displayed in Virtual Machine Manager or by viewing the results of the xm list command, which abbreviates the state using a single char- acter. • r - running - The virtual machine is currently running and consuming allocated resources.

  • Page 67: Xen Guest Systems

    Xen Guest Systems 6.1 NetWare Virtual Machines In Novell® Open Enterprise Server (OES) 2, the NetWare® operating system has been modified to run in paravirtual mode on a Xen virtual machine. The documentation of OES Netware virtual machines is discussed in a separate docu- http://www.novell.com/...
  • Page 68 Operating System Fully virtual Paravirtual SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Server 10 Open Enterprise Server 2 Linux* Open Enterprise Server 1 Linux* SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 SP4 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 SP3 6.3.1 SLE Virtual Machines on Host Architectures SUSE Linux operating systems supported as guest operating systems, such as SUSE...
  • Page 69 Operating System and Virtu- Hypervisor and Domain 0 alization Mode SLE (32-bit) - Paravirtual • 32-bit hypervisor / 32-bit domain 0 SLE (32-bit PAE) - Fully virtu- • 32-bit PAE hypervisor / 32-bit PAE domain 0 • 64-bit hypervisor / 32-bit PAE domain 0 •...
  • Page 70 SLE 10 virtual machines created on a SLE 10 SP1 host do not need to follow the same procedures to be updated to SP1. In addition, SLE 10 did not support SLE 10 fully virtual machines. NOTE In SLE 10, changing the configuration of a virtual machine by editing its confi- guration file (etc/xen/vm/vm_name) was acceptable.
  • Page 71 • Virtual disk size 8 Make sure to select or specify the virtual machine’s already-created disk or disk image, for example, hda, as the virtual disk. For example, if the SLE 10 virtual machine was using /var/lib/xen/images/sles10/disk0 as its disk, the updated virtual machine should specify the same disk.
  • Page 72 After the installation program is completed, the virtual machine should run SLE 10 SP1 and be registered with xend. 16 Log in to the SLE 10 SP1 virtual machine. 17 If you want the SLE 10 SP1 virtual machine to run in GUI mode, complete the following from its command line: 17a Enter init 3.
  • Page 73 6.3.3 Using the Add-On Products Program The Add-On Products program is available during the SLE operating system installation and after installation at YaST > Software > Add-On Products. It allows you to install additional products that may reside on a separate CD, ISO image file, or installation source.
  • Page 74 clock setting must be enabled (set to 1). Otherwise, it will continue to synchronize its time with its host. Procedure 6.1 Viewing the Independent Wallclock Setting 1 Log in to the virtual machine’s operating system as root. 2 In the virtual machine environment, enter cat /proc/sys/xen/independent_wallclock •...
  • Page 75 /srv/ftp. Create this directory manually, if it does not exist already. 1 Get the latest kernel package for your system from the Novell Customer Center. 2 Create a directory for executables in your home directory: mkdir -p $HOME/bin 3 Copy the script create_update_source.sh from http://www.suse...

  • Page 76: Windows Virtual Machines

    4 Install the package inst-source-utils. Then, change your working direc- tory to your network installation source. 5 Run the command $HOME/bin/create_update_source.sh /srv/ftp. 6 Copy all updated packages to the directory /srv/ftp/updates/suse/ <arch>/. 7 Run the following commands to make all the new packages known to the instal- lation source: cd /srv/ftp/updates/suse;...

  • Page 77: Virtual Machine Drivers

    Virtual Machine Drivers SUSE® Linux Enterprise Virtual Machine Driver Pack contains disk and network device drivers for a number of third-party operating systems in order to enable the high-perfor- mance hosting of these unmodified guest operating systems on top of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 (SLES 10) SP1.

  • Page 78: Buying A Support Subscription

    7.1 Buying a Support Subscription The customer support you receive for the SUSE Linux Enterprise Virtual Machine Driver Pack is at the same level as your SUSE Linux Enterprise support subscription [http://support.novell.com/linux/sles_support.html]. You can choose the following levels of support: • Basic •...

  • Page 79: Loading The Driver Pack

    8 Select the drivers you want to install, then click Accept. 9 When asked if you want to install more packages, click No. The drivers are now on your system in the /opt/novell/vm-driver-pack directory. 7.3 SUSE Drivers for Red Hat...
  • Page 80 7.3.1 Installing the RHEL 4 Drivers 1 Open a terminal. 2 Locate the RPM package you want to install ( opt/novell/ vm-driver-pack). If you are installing from the binary RPM included with the driver pack, the RPM is located on the driver pack ISO. .
  • Page 81 8 Open the virtual machine configuration file located on the virtualization host server ( /etc/xen/vm/vm_cfgfile where vm_cfgfile is usually the same as the name of the virtual machine). 9 Remove all parameters from the vif= line except the mac=mac_address parameter. Make sure to leave the single quotes. For example, change the line vif=[ 'mac=00:16:3e:55:24:21,model=pcnet,type=ioemu', ] vif=[ 'mac=00:16:3e:55:24:21', ]...
  • Page 82 7.3.3 Upgrading the RHEL 4 Drivers 1 Open a terminal. 2 Locate the RPM package you want to install ( opt/novell/ vm-driver-pack). If you are installing from the binary RPM included with the driver pack, the RPM is located on the driver pack ISO. Refer to Section 5.1, “Virtual CD Readers”...

  • Page 83: Suse Drivers For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 On Xen

    7.3.5 Building Your Own RPMs If you do not have a driver pack that was built for your Linux kernel, you can build your own SUSE Drivers for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 on Xen RPM. 1 Open a terminal. 2 Mount the driver pack ISO.
  • Page 84 3b Enter rpm -U xxx.rpm , where xxx is the RPM filename. 3c Edit the /boot/grub/menu.lst file and make the following changes: • Set the default= xxx (where xxx is the old boot entry) to default=0, which is the boot entry with the latest initrd. •...
  • Page 85 8 At the terminal, enter xm new vm_cfgfile to reference the virtual machine in the xenstore so it is managed again. 9 Restart the virtual machine. 7.4.2 Uninstalling the RHEL 5 Drivers 1 Open a terminal. 2 Enter rpm -e kmod-vmdp-rhel5- xxx , where xxx is the version of the installed driver pack.
  • Page 86 3 Enter rpm -U xxx.rpm , where xxx is the name of the newer driver pack RPM. 4 Verify that the default kernel is the one with the latest initrd in the /boot/ grub/menu.list. 7.4.4 Using the Drivers with an Upgraded Kernel 1 Install the kernel.

  • Page 87: Suse Drivers For Windows On Xen

    4 Edit the /boot/grub/menu.lst file and make the following change: For each drive specified in the virtual machine configuration file (for example, hda and hdb), append hdx=noprobe to the kernel line for the updated kernel, where hdx is the drive specification found in the virtual machine configuration file.
  • Page 88 If a security alert appears, indicating the Bus driver has not been properly signed, click Yes to install the Bus driver software. It is important that you do not click No. The Novell Virtual Device Driver Installer launches. 4 Click Next. The End User License Agreement window appears.
  • Page 89 5 Click I accept this agreement, then click Next. A software installation note appears, indicating that the software has not passed Windows logo testing. If you are installing Windows XP or Windows Server 2003, you see the fol- lowing: If you are installing Windows 2000, you see the following: Virtual Machine Drivers...
  • Page 90 6 Click Continue Anyway or click Yes for each occurrence of this window. A Congratulations window indicates that the drivers were installed. NOTE Clicking Cancel on this screen does not cancel the installation. If you want to cancel, you have to uninstall (see Section 7.5.1, “Uninstalling the Driver Pack”...
  • Page 91 8 Click Yes. The system restarts. The Found New Hardware Wizard appears, indicating that it has found new hardware. 9 Click Yes, this time only, then click Next. 10 Click Install the Software Automatically, then click Next. Virtual Machine Drivers...
  • Page 92 A software installation note appears, indicating that the software has not passed Windows logo testing. If you are installing Windows XP or Windows Server 2003, you see the fol- lowing: If you are installing Windows 2000, you see the following: 11 Click Continue Anyway or click Yes.
  • Page 93 7.5.1 Uninstalling the Driver Pack 1 Make sure the installation CD is detached from the virtual machine. 2 Browse to c:\Program Files\Novell\XenDrv. 3 Double-click uninstall.exe. You will be prompted to reboot the system. 4 Close all applications that are running and click OK.
  • Page 94 6 Click Cancel. The driver pack is now uninstalled from your system. 7.5.2 Upgrading the Driver Pack To upgrade to a newer version of the driver pack follow these steps: 1 Uninstall the current driver pack (see Section 7.5.1, “Uninstalling the Driver Pack”...

  • Page 95: Suse Drivers For Suse Linux Enterprise Server On Xen

    7.5.4 Avoiding Problems with the Drivers To avoid problems and potential failure of the device drivers in the driver pack, you should avoid the following actions: • Using the Device Manager to manage (update, disable, uninstall, etc.) the device drivers in the driver pack. •...
  • Page 96 7.6.1 Setting Up a new Virtual Machine 1 Create a new fully virtual machine or start an existing fully virtual machine. Use YaST > Virtualization > Virtual Machine. 2 Get the latest updates for the operating system from your update channel. 3 Verify that the Xen drivers are installed.
  • Page 97 root=/dev/hdaX, where hdaX is the disk and partition of your root partition. For example, this will look like root=/dev/hda2. 3 Shutdown your VM Guest. The Xen paravirtualized disk driver will be used the next time you reboot this VM Guest. 7.6.2 Editing the Configuration File to Recognize the Virtual Network Card 1 If your VM Guest is running, first shut it down.
  • Page 98 You can also restart the virtual machine by using xm start vm_cfgfile, but make sure to connect to it with a viewer. The first time the virtual machine boots, you might see a message indicating that new hardware was found. This message can be safely canceled. 7.6.3 Configuring the Virtual Network Card 1 Run YaST.

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