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Red Hat LINUX ADVANCED SERVER 2.1 Manual

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Red Hat Linux Advanced Server
2.1
The Official Red Hat Linux
Advanced Server Installation
Guide
®
For the Itanium
Processor

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Summary of Contents for Red Hat LINUX ADVANCED SERVER 2.1

  • Page 1 Red Hat Linux Advanced Server The Official Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Installation Guide ® For the Itanium Processor...
  • Page 2 Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 2.1: For the Itanium ® Processor Copyright © 2002 by Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Inc. 1801 Varsity Drive Raleigh NC 27606-2072 USA Phone: +1 919 754 3700 Phone: 888 733 4281 Fax: +1 919 754 3701 PO Box 13588 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA rhl-ig-as-itanium(EN)-2.1-HTML-RHI (2002-09-19T10:24-0400)

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Introduction............................v 1. Document Conventions......................v 2. How to Use This Manual ....................vii 2.1. We Need Feedback! ..................... vii 1. Steps to Get You Started......................... 9 1.1. Do You Have the Right Components? ................9 1.1.1. Where to Find Other Manuals................9 1.1.2.
  • Page 4 3.18. Network Configuration ....................38 3.19. Firewall Configuration ....................40 3.20. Language Support Selection ..................42 3.21. Time Zone Configuration....................43 3.22. Account Configuration....................44 3.22.1. Setting the Root Password ................45 3.22.2. Setting Up User Accounts................46 3.23. Package Group Selection ....................46 3.23.1.

  • Page 5: Introduction

    Introduction Welcome to the Official Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Installation Guide. This guide contains useful information to assist you during the installation of Red Hat Linux Advanced Server. From fundamental concepts such as installation preparation to the step-by-step installation procedure, this book will be a valuable resource as you install Red Hat Linux Advanced Server.

  • Page 6: User Input

    Introduction text found on a GUI interface A title, word, or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window will be shown in this style. When you see text shown in this style, it is being used to identify a particular GUI screen or an element on a GUI screen (such as text associated with a checkbox or field).

  • Page 7: How To Use This Manual

    Chapter 3 to begin the installation process. Refer to the Red Hat Frequently Asked Questions for answers to questions and problems that may occur before, during, or after the installation. You will find the FAQ online at: http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/faqs/rhl_general_faq/...

  • Page 8: We Need Feedback

    Please submit a report against the component rhl-ig-as-itanium in Bugzilla at: http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/ When submitting a bug report, be sure to mention the manual’s identifier: rhl-ig-as-itanium(EN)-2.1-HTML-RHI (2002-09-19T10:24-0400)

  • Page 9: Steps To Get You Started

    finalized. The Release Notes can be found on the Red Hat Linux Advanced Server CD #1 and online at: http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux Before you install to Red Hat Linux Advanced Server, you should perform the following steps: 1.1. Do You Have the Right Components? If you have purchased the Official Red Hat Linux Advanced Server boxed set, you are ready to go.

  • Page 10: Registering Your Product

    Hat Linux Advanced Server Documentation CD included with your official Red Hat Linux Advanced Server product. To find the manuals in both HTML and PDF formats online, go to: http://www.redhat.com/docs 1.1.2. Registering Your Product If you have purchased the Official Red Hat Linux Advanced Server boxed set, you should register your product.

  • Page 11: Installation Disk Space Requirements

    Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started Your computer must have enough unpartitioned disk space for the installation of Red Hat Linux • Advanced Server. You must have one or more partitions that may be deleted, thereby freeing up enough disk space to •...

  • Page 12: Advanced Server Installations

    Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started Advanced Server Red Hat Linux Advanced Server includes technology and services appropriate for enterprise servers hosting mission critical applications. Ideal for high-availability and failover solutions, Advanced Server is a reliable and powerful server that delivers the best Red Hat innovations while protecting the stability of your server applications.
  • Page 13 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started Custom (minimum): 500 MB • Custom (choosing everything): 4.2 GB • 1.4.2.1. What a Custom Installation Will Do As you might guess from the name, a custom installation puts the emphasis on flexibility. You have complete control over which packages will be installed on your system.
  • Page 14 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started...

  • Page 15: Before You Begin The Installation Process

    Chapter 2. Before You Begin the Installation Process 2.1. Installation Overview Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server on an Itanium system is different from installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server on an x86 machine. In general, the sequence of steps to a successful installation are the following: 1.

  • Page 16: Efi System Partition

    /boot/efi Linux kernel(s) as well as the configuration file ( elilo /boot/efi/EFI/redhat/elilo.conf file contains a list of kernels from which you can boot your system. elilo.conf 2.2.3. Booting the Installation Program Your Itanium system will probably be able to boot the Red Hat Linux Advanced Server installation program directly from the Red Hat Linux Advanced Server CD 1.
  • Page 17 Chapter 2. Before You Begin the Installation Process 2.2.3.1. Booting the Installation Program from the CD-ROM To boot from Red Hat Linux Advanced Server CD 1 follow these steps: 1. Remove all media except Red Hat Linux Advanced Server CD 1. 2.
  • Page 18 Chapter 2. Before You Begin the Installation Process 6. If you are not performing a CD-ROM install, you will need to choose a few basic options for your system and then you will need to select which installation method you would like to use. 7.

  • Page 19: Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server This chapter explains how to install Red Hat Linux Advanced Server from the CD-ROM using the graphical, mouse-based installation program. The following topics are discussed: Getting familiar with the installation program’s user interface •...

  • Page 20: The Text Mode Installation Program User Interface

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Console Keystrokes Contents [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F5] other messages [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F7] X graphical display Table 3-1. Console, Keystrokes, and Contents Generally, there is no reason to leave the default console (virtual console #7) unless you are attempting to diagnose installation problems.

  • Page 21: Using The Keyboard To Navigate

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-2. Installation Program Widgets as seen in Disk Druid Here is a list of the most important widgets shown in Figure 3-1, and Figure 3-2: Window — windows (usually referred to as dialogs in this manual) will appear on your screen •...

  • Page 22: Displaying Online Help

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server To "press" a button, position the cursor over the button (using [Tab], for example) and press [Space] or [Enter]. To select an item from a list of items, move the cursor to the item you wish to select and press [Enter].

  • Page 23: What If The Ide Cd-Rom Was Not Found

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 3.4. Installing from CD-ROM To install Red Hat Linux Advanced Server from a CD-ROM, choose the CD-ROM option from the boot loader screen and select OK. When prompted, insert the Red Hat Linux Advanced Server CD into your CD-ROM drive (if you did not boot from the CD-ROM).

  • Page 24: Preparing For A Network Installation

    Unless they are specif- • RedHat ically copied over, the Release Notes will not be available during your installation. The Release Notes are also available online from http://www.redhat.com/docs. Next, make accessible to the installation program (for example, ex- •...

  • Page 25: Installing Via Ftp

    , enter eastcoast redhat.com eastcoast.redhat.com in the NFS Server field. Next, enter the name of the exported directory. If you followed the setup described in Section 3.5, you would enter the directory which contains the directory.

  • Page 26: Installing Via Http

    Enter the name or IP address of the HTTP site you are installing from, and the name of the directory there containing the installation files for your architecture. For example, if the HTTP site RedHat contains the directory , enter...

  • Page 27: Welcome To Red Hat Linux

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-5. HTTP Setup Dialog If everything has been specified properly, a message box appears indicating that base/hdlist being retrieved. Next you will see the Welcome dialog. 3.9. Welcome to Red Hat Linux The Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input.

  • Page 28: Keyboard Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-6. Language Selection 3.11. Keyboard Configuration Choose the keyboard model that best fits your system (see Figure 3-7). If you cannot find an exact match, choose the best Generic match for your keyboard type (for example, Generic 101-key PC). Next, choose the correct layout type for your keyboard (for example, U.S.

  • Page 29: Mouse Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-7. Keyboard Configuration To re-enable dead keys (assuming you chose to disable them during the installation), you must com- ment out the line disabling dead keys in the file (or, it you are using XFree86 version XF86Config-4 3, the file) in...
  • Page 30 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server If your mouse is a USB mouse, the port will look similar to If your mouse is a AT (Advanced Technology) mouse, the port will look similar to If you cannot find a mouse that you are sure is compatible with your system, select one of the Generic entries, based on your mouse’s number of buttons, and its interface.

  • Page 31: Install Options

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 3.13. Install Options Choose the type of installation you would like to perform (see Figure 3-9). Red Hat Linux allows you to choose the installation type that best fits your needs. Your options are Advanced Server and Custom.

  • Page 32: Automatic Partitioning

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-10. Disk Partitioning Setup If you chose to manually partition using Disk Druid, refer to Section 3.16. If you chose to manually partition using parted, refer to Section 3.17. 3.15. Automatic Partitioning Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what data is removed (if any) from your system.

  • Page 33: Partitioning Your System

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-11. Automatic Partitioning Using your mouse, choose the hard drive(s) on which you want Red Hat Linux Advanced Server to be installed. If you have two or more hard drives, you can choose which hard drive(s) should contain this installation.

  • Page 34: Graphical Display Of Hard Drive(S)

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-12. Partitioning with Disk Druid The partitioning tool used in Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 2.1 is Disk Druid. With the exception of certain esoteric situations, Disk Druid can handle the partitioning requirements for a typical Red Hat Linux Advanced Server installation.

  • Page 35: Partition Fields

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Reset: Used to restore Disk Druid to its original state. All changes made will be lost if you Reset • the partitions. Make RAID: Make RAID can be used if you want to provide redundancy to any or all disk parti- •...

  • Page 36: Adding Partitions

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 3.16.5. Adding Partitions To add a new partition, select the New button. A dialog box appears (see Figure 3-13). Note You must dedicate at least one partition to Red Hat Linux Advanced Server, and optionally more. For more information, see Appendix C.

  • Page 37: Editing Partitions

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Check for bad blocks: Checking for bad blocks can help prevent data loss by locating the bad • blocks on a drive and making a list of them to prevent using them in the future. If you wish to check for bad blocks while formatting each file system, please make sure to select this option.

  • Page 38: Deleting A Partition

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 3.16.7. Deleting a Partition To delete a partition, highlight it in the Partitions section and click the Delete button. You will be asked to confirm the deletion. Skip to Section 3.18 for further installation instructions. 3.17.

  • Page 39: Network Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 3.18. Network Configuration If you do not have a network device, you will not see this screen. Skip ahead to Section 3.19. If you have a network device and you have not already configured your networking (such as booting from a network boot disk you created and entering in your network information as prompted), you now have the opportunity (as shown in Figure 3-14) to do so.

  • Page 40: Firewall Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Even if your computer is not part of a network, you can enter a hostname for your system. If you do not take this opportunity to enter a name, your system will be known as localhost 3.19.
  • Page 41 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Note If you select a medium or high firewall to be setup during this installation, network authentication methods (NIS and LDAP) will not work. Medium If you choose Medium, your firewall will not allow remote machines to have access to certain resources on your system.

  • Page 42: Language Support Selection

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Secure SHell (SSH) is a suite of tools for logging into and executing commands on a remote machine. If you plan to use SSH tools to access your machine through a firewall, enable this option.

  • Page 43: Time Zone Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-16. Language Support Selection To use more than one language on your system, choose specific languages to be installed or select all languages to have all available languages installed on your Red Hat Linux Advanced Server system. Use the Reset button to cancel your selections.

  • Page 44: Account Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-17. Configuring the Time Zone On both tabs, you can select System Clock uses UTC. Please select this if you know that your system is set to UTC. If you wish to change your time zone configuration after you have booted your Red Hat Linux Ad- vanced Server system, become root and use the command.

  • Page 45: Setting The Root Password

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-18. Account Creation 3.22.1. Setting the Root Password Setting up a root account and password is one of the most important steps during your installation. Your root account is similar to the administrator account used on Windows NT machines. The root account is used to install packages, upgrade RPMs, and perform most system maintenance.

  • Page 46: Setting Up User Accounts

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Note Do not use one of the example passwords offered in this manual. Using one of these passwords could be considered a security risk. Note The root user (also known as the superuser) has complete access to the entire system; for this rea- son, logging in as the root user is best done only to perform system maintenance or administration.

  • Page 47: Selecting Individual Packages

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server GNOME and KDE are both graphical desktop environments that handle the overall look and feel of your system. You must choose one of these to have a default graphical setup, but you can also install both to determine for yourself which you prefer.

  • Page 48: Unresolved Dependencies

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-21. Selecting Individual Packages Using Tree view, you see a listing of package groups. When you expand this list (by double-clicking on the folder arrow beside a package group name) and pick one group, the list of packages in that group appears in the panel on the right.

  • Page 49: Configuration - Video Card

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server The Unresolved Dependencies screen appears only if you are missing packages that are needed by the packages you have selected. At the bottom of the screen, under the list of missing packages, an Install packages to satisfy dependencies checkbox is selected by default.

  • Page 50: Preparing To Install

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-23. Video Card Setup Next, enter the amount of video memory installed on your video card. If you are not sure, please consult the documentation accompanying your video card. You will not damage your video card by choosing more memory than is available, but the X server may not start correctly if you do.

  • Page 51: Configuration - Monitor And Customization

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-24. Installing Packages 3.27. X Configuration — Monitor and Customization In order to complete X configuration, you must configure your monitor and customize your X settings. 3.27.1. Configuring Your Monitor If you chose to skip X configuration, go to Section 3.28. Xconfigurator, the X Window System configuration tool, presents a list of monitors for you to choose from.

  • Page 52: Custom Configuration

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure 3-25. Monitor Selection Caution Do not select a monitor similar to your monitor unless you are certain that the monitor you are selecting does not exceed the capabilities of your monitor. Doing so may overclock your monitor and damage or destroy it.

  • Page 53: Installation Complete

    Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server You can also choose whether you want to boot your system into a text or graphical environment once Red Hat Linux Advanced Server is installed. Unless you have special needs, booting into a graphical environment (similar to a Windows environment) is recommended.

  • Page 54: Specifying The Kernel

    2. Type at the to make sure you are in the correct partition. fs0:\> 3. Change to the directory that contains the elilo configuration file: Shell cd EFI/redhat ¦ 4. Then type: Shell type elilo.conf ¥ This command displays the contents of the configuration file. Each stanza contains a line be- ginning with followed by a label name for that kernel.
  • Page 55 . Type . Type the contents of cd EFI/redhat edit startup.nsh the file and save it. The next time the system boots, EFI will detect the file and use it to boot the system.
  • Page 56 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Linux Advanced Server...
  • Page 57 Appendix A. Additional Resources about Itanium and Linux Other reference materials, related to running Red Hat Linux on an Itanium system, are available on the Web. A few of the available resources are as follows: http://www.linuxia64.org — The Official Home Page of the Itanium Linux Project •...

  • Page 58: A. Additional Resources About Itanium And Linux

    Appendix A. Additional Resources about Itanium and Linux...

  • Page 59: Troubleshooting Your Installation Of Red Hat Linux Advanced Server

    Appendix B. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux Advanced Server This appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions. B.1. You are Unable to Boot Red Hat Linux Advanced Server B.1.1. Is Your System Displaying Signal 11 Errors? If you receive a fatal signal 11 error during your installation, it is probably due to a hardware error in memory on your system’s bus.

  • Page 60: Trouble During The Installation

    Appendix B. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Linux Advanced Server Figure B-1. Mouse Not Detected You can choose to continue with the GUI installation or use the text mode installation, which does not require using a mouse. If you choose to continue with the GUI installation, you will need to provide the installation program with your mouse configuration information (see Section 3.12).

  • Page 61: Are You Seeing Python Errors

    If you experience such an error, first try to download any available errata for Anaconda. Errata can be found at: http://www.redhat.com/support/errata You can also search for bug reports related to this problem. To search Red Hat’s bug tracking system, go to: http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla...

  • Page 62: B.4. Problems After Installation

    To check your hardware for compatibility, the Hardware Compatibility List can be found at: http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/ B.4.3. Your Printer Will Not Work Under X If you are not sure how to set up your printer or are having trouble getting it to work properly, try using the graphical printconf program.

  • Page 63: An Introduction To Disk Partitions

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Disk partitions are a standard part of the personal computer landscape and have been for quite some time. However, with many people purchasing computers featuring pre-installed operating systems, relatively few people understand how partitions work. This chapter attempts to explain the reasons for and use of disk partitions so your Red Hat Linux Advanced Server installation will be as simple and painless as possible.
  • Page 64 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-2. Disk Drive with a File System As Figure C-2, implies, the order imposed by a file system involves some trade-offs: A small percentage of the drive’s available space is used to store file system-related data and can be •...

  • Page 65: Partitions: Turning One Drive Into Many

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-3. Disk Drive with a Different File System Of course, writing a file system to disk is only the beginning. The goal of this process is to actually store and retrieve data. Let us take a look at our drive after some files have been written to it. Figure C-4.
  • Page 66 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions in one big chunk was such a great idea. This line of thinking was driven by several issues, some philosophical, some technical. On the philosophical side, above a certain size, it seemed that the additional space provided by a larger drive created more clutter.
  • Page 67 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions flag the partition as being associated with a particular operating system, to indicate that the partition contains a bootable operating system, or some combination of the three. Table C-1, contains a listing of some popular (and obscure) partition types, along with their numeric values.

  • Page 68: Partitions Within Partitions - An Overview Of Extended Partitions

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-6. >Disk Drive With Single Partition In many cases, there is only a single partition spanning the entire disk, essentially duplicating the method used before partitions. The partition table has only one entry used, and it points to the start of the partition.

  • Page 69: Making Room For Red Hat Linux Advanced Server

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-7. Disk Drive With Extended Partition As this figure implies, there is a difference between primary and logical partitions — there can only be four primary partitions, but there is no fixed limit to the number of logical partitions that can exist. (However, in reality, it is probably not a good idea to try to define and use more than 12 logical partitions on a single disk drive.) Now that we have discussed partitions in general, let us see how to use this knowledge to install Red...
  • Page 70 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-8. Disk Drive with Unpartitioned Free Space If you think about it, an unused hard disk also falls into this category. The only difference is that all the space is not part of any defined partition. In any case, you can simply create the necessary partitions from the unused space.
  • Page 71 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions plete backup is necessary. For your own sake, make two backups, use verification (if available in your backup software), and try to read data from your backup before you delete the partition. Caution If there was an operating system of some type installed on that partition, it will need to be reinstalled as well.
  • Page 72 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure C-11. Disk Drive Being Compressed This step is crucial. Without it, the location of your data could prevent the partition from being resized to the extent desired. Note also that, for one reason or another, some data cannot be moved. If this is the case (and it severely restricts the size of your new partition(s)), you may be forced to destructively repartition your disk.

  • Page 73: Partition Naming Scheme

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Note The following information is specific to Intel-based computers only. As a convenience to Red Hat Linux Advanced Server users, the DOS utility is included on the fips Red Hat Linux/Itanium CD 1 in the directory.

  • Page 74: Disk Partitions And Other Operating Systems

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions /dev/ This string is the name of the directory in which all device files reside. Since partitions reside on hard disks, and hard disks are devices, the files representing all possible partitions reside in /dev/ The first two letters of the partition name indicate the type of device on which the partition resides.

  • Page 75: How Many Partitions

    Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions For example, if partition were mounted on , that would mean that all /dev/hda5 /usr files and directories under would physically reside on . So the file /usr /dev/hda5 would be stored on , while the file /usr/share/doc/FAQ/txt/Linux-FAQ /dev/hda5...
  • Page 76 Appendix C. An Introduction to Disk Partitions...

  • Page 77: Index

    Index deleting partitions, 38 dependencies Symbols installing packages, 48 /boot/efi, 35 Disk Druid /root/install.log adding partitions, 36 install log file location, 50 file system type, 37 buttons, 34 deleting partitions, 38 editing partitions, 37 adding partitions, 36 partitions, 33 file system type, 37 disk partitioning, 31 ATAPI CD-ROM disk space, 10...
  • Page 78 registering your product, 10 starting, 23 hard disk text mode basic concepts, 63 online help, 22 extended partitions, 68 installation class file system formats, 63 choosing, 11 partition introduction, 65 installation overview, 15 partition types, 67 installing packages, 46 partitioning of, 63 introduction, v hardware compatibility, 10...
  • Page 79 selecting packages packages, 46 groups, 46 starting selecting, 46 installation, 23 individual, 47 startup.nsh, 54 installing, 46 steps selecting, 46 choosing an installation class, 11 parted, 38 disk space, 10 partition hardware compatibility, 10 /boot/efi, 75 Red Hat Linux Advanced Server components, 9 extended, 68 swap, 35 root, 75...
  • Page 80 X Window System, 49 Xconfigurator monitor setup, 51 configuration, 49 video card setup, 49...

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