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Neobit 1014VA User Manual

Dual-port adsl bridge router
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NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User's Guide
N N N N E E E E O O O O B B B B I I I I T T T T 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 V V V V A A A A
Dual-Port ADSL Bridge Router
User's Manual
Revision 0.5
May 31, 2002

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  • Page 1 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide N N N N E E E E O O O O B B B B I I I I T T T T 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 V V V V A A A A Dual-Port ADSL Bridge Router User’s Manual...

  • Page 2: Information To User

    CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment WARNING This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    System Requirements ............9 Using this Document............10 Notational conventions ..........10 Typographical conventions .......... 10 Getting Support ..............10 Getting to Know the NEOBIT 1014VA ..... 11 Parts Check ................11 Front Panel ................12 Rear Panel................13 Quick Start ............15 Part 1 —...
  • Page 4 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Configuring a computer connected to the USB port................24 Part 3 — Configuring the NEOBIT 1014VA ....... 29 Logging in to the NEOBIT 1014VA Quick Configuration Page ........... 29 Default Router Settings ..........31 Testing Your Setup ..............
  • Page 5 Overview of DHCP............... 51 What is DHCP?............. 51 Why use DHCP?............51 NEOBIT 1014VA DHCP modes ........52 Configuring DHCP Server ........... 53 Viewing, modifying, and deleting address pools, and excluding IP addresses from a pool................56 Viewing current DHCP address assignments .... 57 Configuring DHCP Relay.............
  • Page 6 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Comparing IP routing to telephone switching ..... 83 Hops and gateways ............84 Using IP routes to define default gateways....84 Do I need to define IP routes? ........84 Viewing the IP Routing Table..........86 Adding IP Routes ..............
  • Page 7 Configuring Bridging........113 Overview of Bridges............113 Using the Bridging Feature..........114 Defining Bridge Interfaces ..........115 Deleting a Bridge Interface..........116 Configuring Firewall Settings ......117 Configuring Global Firewall Settings.........117 Managing the Black List ............120 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols............121 Configuring IP Filters ............122 Viewing Your IP Filter Configuration......122 Configuring IP Filter Global Settings ......123 Creating IP Filter Rules..........124...
  • Page 8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Modifying the ADSL Routers’ port numbers .....144 IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets............147 IP Addresses ..............147 Structure of an IP address..........147 Network classes............148 Subnet masks..............148 Binary Numbers..........151 Binary Numbers ..............151 Bits and bytes..............151 Troubleshooting..........

  • Page 10: Introduction

    Introduction This User Guide will show you how to set up the NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router, and how to customize its configuration to get the most out of your new product. Features Internal ADSL modem for high-speed Internet access 10/100Base-T Router to provide Internet connectivity to all...

  • Page 11: Using This Document

    Notational conventions Acronyms are defined the first time they appear in text and in the glossary (Appendix D). For brevity, the NEOBIT 1014VA is referred to as “the router.” The terms LAN and network are used interchangeably to refer to a group of Ethernet-connected computers at one site.

  • Page 12: Getting To Know The Neobit 1014Va

    Getting to Know the NEOBIT 1014VA Parts Check In addition to this document, your NEOBIT 1014VA should arrive with the following: NEOBIT 1014VA Dual type ADSL Router Power adapter and power cord USB cable Ethernet cable (“straight-through” type) Standard phone/DSL line cable...

  • Page 13: Front Panel

    Chapter2 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Front Panel The front panel contains lights called LEDs that indicate the status of the unit. Figure 2. Front Panel and LEDs Label Color Status Function Green Unit is powered on Modem is physically connected to...

  • Page 14: Rear Panel

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter2 Rear Panel The rear panel contains the ports for the unit's data and power connections. Figure 3. Rear Panel Connections Label Function Connects to the supplied power converter cable SW (On Off) Switches the unit on and off...

  • Page 16: Quick Start

    Quick Start This Quick Start provides basic instructions for connecting the NEOBIT 1014VA to a computer or LAN and to the Internet. Part 1 describes setting up the hardware. Part 2 describes how to configure Internet properties on your computer(s) and how to install the software for using a computer attached to the USB port.

  • Page 17: Step 1. Connect The Adsl Cable And Optional Telephone

    Chapter3 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router Figure 4. Overview of Hardware Connections Step 1. Connect the ADSL cable and optional telephone. Connect one end of the provided phone cable to the port labeled ADSL on the rear panel of the device. Connect the other end to your wall phone jack.

  • Page 18: Step 2. Connect The Ethernet Cable

    Ethernet cable to a regular hub port and the other to the Ethernet port on the NEOBIT 1014VA. If you are using the NEOBIT 1014VA with a single computer and no hub, you must use a “crossover” Ethernet cable (not provided) to attach the PC directly to the device.

  • Page 19: Part 2 - Configuring Your Computers

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Part 2 — Configuring Your Computers Part 2 of the Quick Start provides instructions for configuring the Internet settings on your computers to work with the NEOBIT 1014VA. By default, the NEOBIT 1014VA automatically assigns all required Internet settings to your PCs.

  • Page 20: Windows 2000 Pcs

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter3 Windows 2000 PCs: First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it: 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.

  • Page 21: Windows Me Pcs

    Chapter3 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Windows Me PCs 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. 3. In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Network icon, and then select Properties.

  • Page 22: Windows 95, 98 Pcs

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter3 Windows 95, 98 PCs: First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it: 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

  • Page 23: Windows Nt 4.0 Workstations

    Chapter3 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Windows NT 4.0 workstations First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it: 1. In the Windows NT task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

  • Page 24: Assigning Static Internet Information To Your Pcs

    In some cases, you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly (often called “statically”), rather than allowing the NEOBIT 1014VA to assign it. This option may be desirable (but not required) if: You have obtained one or more public IP addresses that...

  • Page 25: Configuring A Computer Connected To The Usb Port

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Configuring a computer connected to the USB port If you use the NEOBIT 1014VA’s USB port to connect to a PC, you must install the provided USB driver software on the PC. The driver enables Ethernet-over-USB communication with the NEOBIT 1014VA.
  • Page 26 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter3 4. Click to display the Software License Agreement dialog box, as shown in Figure 6. Figure 6. USB Driver Installation: Software License Agreement 5. After reviewing the license agreement, click continue. 6. If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box displays, click to continue.
  • Page 27 Figure 8. Figure 8. USB Driver Installation: DSL Installer 8. Attach the USB cable to the NEOBIT 1014VA and to your The USB cable provided has a flat connector on one end (called Type A) and a square connector on the other (Type B).
  • Page 28 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter3 10. Click to restart your computer. When your computer finishes rebooting, make sure that the Globe- Span installer program displays as an item on your Windows Start menu: 11. Click the Start button, point to Programs » GlobeSpan DSL Modem, and click on Configure.
  • Page 29 Now that the USB driver installation is complete, you must configure the USB PC so that its IP properties place it on the same subnet as the NEOBIT 1014VA’s USB port. There are two ways to do this: The NEOBIT 1014VA is configured to assign an appropriate IP address to the USB PC.

  • Page 30: Part 3 - Configuring The Neobit 1014Va

    Chapter3 Part 3 — Configuring the NEOBIT 1014VA In Part 3, you log into the program on the NEOBIT 1014VA and configure basic settings for your Internet connection. Your ISP should provide you with the necessary information to complete this step.
  • Page 31 ISP. Bridge This setting enables or disables bridging between the NEOBIT 1014VA and your ISP. Your ISPs may also refer to this using “RFC 1483” or “Ethernet over ATM”. IGMP This setting enables or disables the Internet Group Management Protocol, which some ISPs use to perform remote configuration of your device.

  • Page 32: Default Router Settings

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter3 Default Router Settings In addition to handling the DSL connection to your ISP, the NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router can provide a variety of services to your network. The device is preconfigured with default settings for use with a typical home or small office network.

  • Page 33: Testing Your Setup

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Testing Your Setup The Quick Start process should enable any computer on your LAN to use the NEOBIT 1014VA’s ADSL connection to access the Internet. To test the connection, turn on the device, wait about 30 seconds, and then verify that its LEDs are illuminated as shown in Table 2.

  • Page 34: Getting Started With The Configuration Manager

    It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network. You access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the NEOBIT 1014VA via the LAN or USB ports.
  • Page 35 Chapter4 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Figure 12. Login Screen 2. Enter your user name and password, and then click The first time you log into the program, use these defaults: Default User Name: root Default Password root You can change the password at any time (see Changing Your Login Password on page 39).

  • Page 36: Functional Layout

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter4 Functional Layout Configuration Manager tasks are grouped into categories, which you can access by clicking the tabs at the top of each page. Each tab displays the available tasks horizontally the top of the page. You can click on these to display the specific configuration options.

  • Page 37: The Home Tab And System View Table

    Chapter4 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide The Home Tab and System View Table The System View page displays when you first access the program. This page is one of two options available in the Home tab (the other is the Quick Start page, as described on page 29).
  • Page 38 Chapter 5. Services Summary Displays the following services that the NEOBIT 1014VA performs to help you manage your network: Translating private IP addresses to your public IP address (NAT, see Chapter 8). Setting up filtering rules that accept or deny incoming or outgoing data.

  • Page 39: Changing The System Date And Time

    Changing the System Date and Time The device keeps a record of the current date and time, which it uses to calculate and report various performance data. Changing the NEOBIT 1014VA date and time does not affect the date and time on your PCs. Note Follow these instructions to change the date and time: 1.

  • Page 40: Changing Your Login Password

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter4 Changing Your Login Password The first time you log into the Configuration Manager, you use the default user ID and password (root and root). The system allows only one user ID and password. Only the password can be changed.

  • Page 41: Committing Your Changes And Rebooting The Device

    Chapter4 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Committing Your Changes and Rebooting the Device Committing your changes Whenever you use the Configuration Manager to change system settings, the changes are initially placed in temporary storage (called random access memory or RAM). Your changes are made effective when you submit them, but will be lost if the device is reset or turned off.

  • Page 42: Rebooting The Device Using Configuration Manager

    ISP or the manufacturer. Choosing this option erases any custom settings. Do not reboot the device using the Reset button on the back panel of the NEOBIT 1014VA to activate new changes. This button resets the device settings to the manufacturer’s default values. WARNING...

  • Page 44: Setting Ip Properties For The Lan-Side Interfaces

    Setting IP Properties for the LAN-side Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure IP properties the interfaces on the ADSL Router that communicate with your LAN and USB computers. Ethernet, USB, or Both? If you are using the ADSL Router with multiple PCs on your LAN, you must connect the LAN via an Ethernet hub to the device's LAN port, called eth-0.

  • Page 45: Configuring The Lan Ip Address

    ADSL Router is considered a DHCP client of your (or your ISP’s) DHCP server. The NEOBIT 1014VA itself can function as a DHCP server for your LAN computers, as described in Chapter 5, but not for its Note own LAN port.
  • Page 46 If the server is on your network, click Local. If the server is on your ISP’s network, click Remote. The NEOBIT 1014VA cannot act as a DHCP server for its own LAN port. 2. Enter a LAN IP address and network mask, or click the DHCP Enable radio button.
  • Page 47 Chapter5 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide requested IP address from the DHCP server. This is referred to as a "Configured IP Address" in the program. If the configured IP address is not available from the DHCP server, the server will distribute another address to the LAN port.

  • Page 48: Configuring The Usb Port Ip Address

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter5 Configuring the USB Port IP Address 1. If the LAN Configuration page is not already displaying, click the LAN tab. 2. In the USB Configuration table, enter the IP Address and Network Mask for the USB port.

  • Page 50: Viewing System Ip Information And Performance Statistics

    See Appendix A for a description of IP addresses and masks. Viewing the NEOBIT 1014VA’s IP addresses To view the NEOBIT 1014VA’s IP addresses, click the Routing tab, IP Addr and then click in the task bar. The IP Address Table page displays, as shown in Figure 18: Figure 18.

  • Page 51: Viewing Ip Global Statistics

    Chapter6 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Viewing IP Global Statistics You can view statistics on the processing of Internet protocol packets (a packet is a collection of data that has been bundled for transmission). You will not typically need to view this data, but you may find it helpful when working with your ISP to diagnose network and Internet data transmission problems.

  • Page 52: Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

    When you enable DHCP on a network, you allow a device — such as the NEOBIT 1014VA or a router located with your ISP — to assign temporary IP addresses to your computers whenever they connect to your network. The assigning device is called a DHCP server, and the receiving device is a DHCP client.

  • Page 53: Neobit 1014Va Dhcp Modes

    If you have another PC or device on your network that is already performing the DHCP server function, then you can configure the LAN port on the NEOBIT 1014VA to be a DHCP client of that server (as are your PCs). This configuration is not discussed in this chapter.

  • Page 54: Configuring Dhcp Server

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter7 Configuring DHCP Server By default, the device is configured as a DHCP server, with a predefined IP address pool of 192.168.1.3 through 192.168.1.34 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0). To change this range of Note addresses, see “Viewing, modifying, and deleting address pools”...
  • Page 55 Chapter7 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Figure 21. DHCP Server Pool – Add Page...
  • Page 56 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter7 4. Enter the Start IP Address, End IP Address, Net Mask, and Gateway Address fields are required; the others are optional. The following table describes each field. Field Description Start/End IP Specify the lowest and highest addresses Addresses in the pool.

  • Page 57: Viewing, Modifying, And Deleting Address Pools, And Excluding Ip Addresses From A Pool

    Chapter7 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Field Description SMTP...SWINS The IP addresses of devices that perform (optional) various services for computers that receive IP addresses from this pool (such as the SMTP, or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, server which handles e-mail traffic).

  • Page 58: Viewing Current Dhcp Address Assignments

    40. Viewing current DHCP address assignments When the NEOBIT 1014VA functions as a DHCP server for your LAN, it keeps a record of any addresses it has leased to your computers. To view a table of all current IP address assignments,...

  • Page 59: Configuring Dhcp Relay

    In this case, you can configure the device as a DHCP relay agent. When a computer on your network requests Internet access, the NEOBIT 1014VA contacts your ISP to obtain an IP address (and other information), and then forwards that information to the computer.

  • Page 60: Setting The Dhcp Mode

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter7 A page displays to confirm your changes, and then the program returns to the DHCP Relay Configuration page. 6. Follow the instructions in “Setting the DHCP Mode” on page 59 to set the DHCP mode to DHCP Relay.

  • Page 62: Configuring Network Address Translation

    Internet computers as if the data packets are actually originating from the computer assigned your public IP address (in this case, the NEOBIT 1014VA). The NAT rule could further be defined to disguise the source port in the data packet (i.e., change it to another number), so that outside...

  • Page 63: Viewing Nat Global Settings And Statistics

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide the public IP address as the destination IP address and the disguised source port number. The NEOBIT 1014VA changes the IP address and source port number back to the original values (having kept track of the changes it made earlier), and then routes the packet to the originating computer.
  • Page 64 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 The NAT Options drop-down list, which provides access to the Global Information page (shown by default), the NAT Rule Configuration page, and the NAT Translations page, which shows current translations. Enable/Disable radio buttons, which allow you to turn on or off the NAT feature.
  • Page 65 Chapter8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Figure 27. NAT Rule Global Statistics Page The table provides basic information for each NAT rule you have set up. You can click to restart the accumulation of the statistics at their initial values.

  • Page 66: Viewing Nat Rules And Rule Statistics

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics To view the NAT rules currently defined on your system, select NAT Rule Entry in the NAT Options drop-down list. The NAT Rule Configuration page displays, as shown in Figure 28.

  • Page 67: Viewing Current Nat Translations

    Chapter8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Viewing Current NAT Translations To view a list of NAT translations that have recently been performed and which remain in effect (for any of the defined rules), select NAT Translations from the NAT Options drop-down list. The NAT Translations page displays, as shown in Figure 30: Figure 30.
  • Page 68 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 Figure 31. NAT Translation – Details Page In addition to the information displayed in the NAT Translations table, this table displays the following for the selected current translation sessions: Field Description Translated The public IP address to which the private IP address was translated.

  • Page 69: Adding Nat Rules

    Chapter8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Adding NAT Rules This section explains how to create rules for the various NAT flavors. You cannot edit existing NAT rules. To change a rule setup, delete it and add a new rule with the modified settings.
  • Page 70 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 higher priority rules are invoked before lower-priority rules. It is recommended that you select rule IDs as multiples of 5 or 10 so that, in the future, you can insert a rule between two existing rules.

  • Page 71: The Rdr Rule: Allowing External Access To A Lan Computer

    IP address is translated to your public IP address in all incoming and outgoing data packets. Without an rdr rule (or bimap rule described on page 76), the NEOBIT 1014VA blocks attempts by external computers to access your LAN computers. Note...
  • Page 72 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 Figure 33. NAT Rule – Add Page (rdr Flavor) Follow these instructions to add an rdr rule (see steps 1-4 under "The napt rule" on page 68 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below): 1.
  • Page 73 Chapter8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide If you have multiple WAN (PPP) interfaces, this rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on other PPP interfaces. This rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on WAN interfaces not specified here.

  • Page 74: The Basic Rule: Performing 1:1 Translations

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 The basic rule: Performing 1:1 translations The basic flavor translates the private (LAN-side) IP address to a public (WAN-side) address, like napt rules. However, unlike napt rules, basic rules do not also translate the port numbers in the packet header;...

  • Page 75: The Filter Rule: Configuring A Basic Rule With Additional Criteria

    Chapter8 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide assigned statically to your PCs, or assigned dynamically using DHCP. 5. In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields, type the starting and ending address that identify the pool of public IP addresses that the private addresses should be translated to.
  • Page 76 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 3. Select a protocol to which this rule applies, or choose ALL. This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule. You can select ALL if the rule applies to all data.

  • Page 77: The Bimap Rule: Performing Two-Way Translations

    Unlike the other NAT flavors, the bimap flavor performs address translations in both the outgoing and incoming directions. In the incoming direction, when the specified NEOBIT 1014VA interface receives a packet with your public IP address as the destination address, this address is translated to the private IP address of a computer on your LAN.

  • Page 78: The Pass Rule: Allowing Specific Addresses To Pass Through Untranslated

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter8 5. Follow steps 7-12 under "The napt rule" on page 68 to submit your changes. The pass rule: Allowing specific addresses to pass through untranslated You can create a pass rule to allow a range of IP addresses to remain untranslated when another rule would otherwise do so.

  • Page 80: Configuring Dns Server Addresses

    Configuring DNS Server Addresses About DNS Domain Name System (DNS) servers map the user-friendly domain names that users type into their Web browsers (e.g., "yahoo.com") to the equivalent numerical IP addresses that are used for Internet routing. When a PC user types a domain name into a browser, the PC must first send a request to a DNS server to obtain the equivalent IP address.

  • Page 81: Configuring Dns Relay

    LAN PCs to a DNS server at the ISP. It then relays the DNS server’s response to the PC. When performing DNS relay, the NEOBIT 1014VA must maintain the IP addresses of the DNS servers it contacts. It can learn these...
  • Page 82 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter9 Click the Services tab, and then click DNS in the task bar. The DNS Configuration page displays. Figure 38. DNS Configuration Page Type the IP address of the DNS server in an empty row and click You can enter only two addresses.

  • Page 84: Configuring Ip Routes

    Configuring IP Routes You can use Configuration Manager to define specific routes for your Internet and network data. This chapter describes basic routing concepts and provides instructions for creating routes. Note that most users do not need to define IP routes. Overview of IP Routes The essential challenge of a router is: when it receives data intended for a particular destination, which next device should it...

  • Page 85: Hops And Gateways

    Most users do not need to define IP routes. On a typical small home or office LAN, the existing routes that set up the default gateways for your LAN computers and for the NEOBIT 1014VA provide the most appropriate path for all your Internet traffic.
  • Page 86 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter10...

  • Page 87: Viewing The Ip Routing Table

    This table is known as the device’s routing table. To view the NEOBIT 1014VA’s routing table, click the Routing tab. The IP Route page displays by default, as shown in Figure 39: Figure 39. IP Route Table Page The IP Route Table displays a row for each existing route.
  • Page 88 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter10 The following table defines the fields in the IP Routing Table. Field Description Destination Specifies the IP address of the destination computer. The destination can specified as the IP address of a specific computer or an entire network. It can also be...

  • Page 89: Adding Ip Routes

    Chapter10 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Adding IP Routes Follow these instructions to add an IP route to the routing table. 1. From the IP Route Table page, click The IP Route – Add page displays, as shown in Figure 40.

  • Page 90: Configuring The Routing Information Protocol

    When should you configure RIP? Most small home or office networks do not need to use RIP; they have only one router, such as the NEOBIT 1014VA, and one path to an ISP. In these cases, there is no need to share routes, because all Internet data from the network is sent to the same ISP gateway.

  • Page 91: Configuring The Neobit 1014Va's Interfaces With Rip

    Configuring the NEOBIT 1014VA’s Interfaces with RIP The following instructions describe how to enable RIP on the NEOBIT 1014VA. In order for the NEOBIT 1014VA to communicate with other devices using RIP, you must also enable the other devices to use Note the protocol.
  • Page 92 The Receive Mode setting indicates the RIP version(s) in which information must be passed to the NEOBIT 1014VA in order for it to be accepted into its routing table.

  • Page 93: Viewing Rip Statistics

    Chapter11 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Viewing RIP Statistics From the RIP Configuration page, you can click to view statistics on attempts to send and receive route table data over RIP-enabled interfaces on the NEOBIT 1014VA. Figure 42. RIP Global Statistics Page...

  • Page 94: Configuring The Atm Vcc

    This chapter describes how to configure the ATM virtual channel connection (VCC). The VCC properties define the path the NEOBIT 1014VA uses to communicate with your ISP over the ATM network. Viewing Your ATM VC Setup To view your current configuration, log into Configuration Manager,...

  • Page 95: Adding Atm Vccs

    Chapter12 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide The ATM VCC Configuration table displays the following fields (contact your ISP to determine these settings): Field Description Interface The name of the lower-level interface on which this VC operates. The low-level interface names are preconfigured in the software and identify the type of traffic that can be supported, such as data or voice.
  • Page 96 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter12 2. Select an interface name from the VCC Interface drop-down list. 3. Enter the VPI and VCI values assigned by your ISP, and select the mux type from the drop-down list. 4. Click 5.

  • Page 97: Modifying Atm Vccs

    Chapter12 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Modifying ATM VCCs Your device may already be preconfigured with the necessary ATM VCC properties, or the table may contain placeholder values that you must change before using the device. Contact your ISP to determine your ATM VCC values.

  • Page 98: Configuring Ppp Interfaces

    PPP is configured as a group of software settings associated with the ADSL port. Although the device has only one physical ADSL port, the NEOBIT 1014VA can be defined with more than one group of PPP settings. Each group of settings is called a PPP interface...
  • Page 99 Chapter13 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide You can configure the following settings on the PPP Configuration page: Inactivity Time Out (mins): The time in minutes that must elapse before a PPP connection times-out due to inactivity. Ignore WAN to LAN traffic: When enabled, data traffic traveling in the incoming direction—from the WAN port to...

  • Page 100: Viewing Ppp Interface Details

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter13 Field Description Use DHCP When set to Enable, the device will acquire additional IP information from the ISP's DHCP server. The PPP connection itself acquires the device's IP address, mask, DNS address, and default gateway address.
  • Page 101 Chapter13 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Figure 47. PPP – Detail Page In addition to the properties defined on page 98, the Detail page displays these fields: Field Description Status Indicates whether the interface has been specified in the...
  • Page 102 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter13 Field Description Last Fail Cause Indicates the action that ended the previous PPP session: No Valid PADO Recvd: The unit initiated a PPoE handshake but did not receive a packet in reply from the ISP.

  • Page 103: Adding A Ppp Interface Definition

    Chapter13 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Adding a PPP Interface Definition If you intend to use more than one type of service from your ISP, the device may be configured with multiple PPP interfaces, each with unique logon and other properties. Follow this procedure to define properties for a PPP interface: 1.

  • Page 104: Modifying And Deleting Ppp Interfaces

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter13 Commit & Reboot 5. Click the Admin tab, and then click in the task bar. 6. Click to save your changes to permanent memory. Modifying and Deleting PPP Interfaces To modify a PPP interface, display the PPP Configuration page and click in the Action(s) column for the interface you want to modify.

  • Page 105: Configuring Eoa Interfaces

    Configuring EOA Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure an Ethernet-over-ATM interface on the NEOBIT 1014VA, if one is needed to communicate with your ISP. Overview of EOA The Ethernet-over-ATM (EOA) protocol is commonly used to carry data between local area networks that use the Ethernet protocol and wide-area networks that use the ATM protocol.

  • Page 106: Viewing Your Eoa Setup

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter14 Viewing Your EOA Setup To view your current EOA configuration, log into Configuration Advanced Manager, click in the task bar, and then click . Figure 50 shows the EOA Configuration page. Figure 50. EOA Configuration Page The EOA table contains a row for each EOA interface currently defined on the device.

  • Page 107: Adding Eoa Interfaces

    ISP and you will not be using the Net Mask NEOBIT 1014VA as a router on your LAN, then you do not need to specify IP information. If you enable DHCP for this interface, then the Configured IP address will serve only as a request to the DHCP server.
  • Page 108 EOA interface is configured to operate over an aal5 interface, such as aal5-0. If you are using the NEOBIT 1014VA as a bridge only, skip to step 7. 6. If you are using the NEOBIT 1014VA as a router on your LAN, enter the IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface.

  • Page 110: Configuring Ipoa Interfaces

    Configuring IPoA Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure an IPoA (Internet Protocol- over-ATM) interface on the NEOBIT 1014VA. An IPoA interface can be used to exchange IP packets over the ATM network, without using an underlying Ethernet over ATM (EOA) connection.

  • Page 111: Adding Ipoa Interfaces

    Chapter15 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Field Description IPF Type The type of IP Firewall protections that are in effect on the interface (public, private, or DMZ): A public interface connects to the Internet (IPoA interfaces are typically public). Packets received...
  • Page 112 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter15 Figure 53. IPoA Interface – Add Page 2. Select the next available interface name from the IPoA Interface drop-down list. 3. In the Configured IP Address and Net Mask boxes, type the address and mask that you want to assign to the IPoA interface.

  • Page 114: Configuring Bridging

    Configuring Bridging The NEOBIT 1014VA can be configured to act as a bridging device between your LAN and your ISP. Bridges are devices that enable two or more networks to communicate as if they are two segments of the same physical LAN. This chapter describes how to configure the NEOBIT 1014VA to operate as a bridge.

  • Page 115: Using The Bridging Feature

    IP protocols. Using the Bridging Feature Although the NEOBIT 1014VA is preconfigured to serve as a router for providing Internet connectivity to you LAN, there are several instances in which you may also want to configure bridging: Your ISP may use protocols that require bridging with your LAN.

  • Page 116: Defining Bridge Interfaces

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter16 Defining Bridge Interfaces To enable bridging you simply specify the device interfaces on which you want to bridge data, and then enable bridging mode: 1. Log into Configuration Manager and click the Bridging tab.

  • Page 117: Deleting A Bridge Interface

    Chapter16 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide 3. Click the Enable radio button to turn on bridging. 4. Click A page will briefly display to confirm your changes, and will return you to the Bridge Configuration page. Commit & Reboot 5.

  • Page 118: Configuring Firewall Settings

    Configuring Firewall Settings Configuration Manager provides built-in firewall functions, enabling you to protect the system against denial of service (DoS) attacks and other types of malicious accesses to your LAN. You can also specify how to monitor attempted attacks, and who should be automatically notified.
  • Page 119 Chapter17 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide 2. Configure any of the following settings that display in the Firewall Global Information table: Field Description Black List Status If you want the device to maintain and use a black list, click Enable. Click Disable if you do not want to maintain a list.
  • Page 120 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter18 Field Description Log Destination Specifies how attempted violations of the firewall settings will be tracked. Records of such events can be sent via Ethernet to be handled by a system utility Ethernet to (Trace) or can e-mailed to specified administrators.

  • Page 121: Managing The Black List

    Chapter17 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Managing the Black List If data packets are received that violate the firewall settings or any of the IP Filter rules, then the source IP address of the offending packets can be blocked from such accesses for a specified period of time.

  • Page 122: Configuring Ip Filters And Blocking Protocols

    Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols This chapter describes two Configuration Manager features that enable you to control the data passing through your network: The IP filter feature enables you to create rules to block attempts by certain computers on your LAN to access certain types of data or Internet locations.

  • Page 123: Configuring Ip Filters

    Configuring IP Filters When you define an IP filter rule and enable the feature, you instruct the NEOBIT 1014VA to examine each data packet it receives to determine whether it meets criteria set forth in the rule. The criteria can include the size of the packet, the network or internet protocol it...

  • Page 124: Configuring Ip Filter Global Settings

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter18 Configuring IP Filter Global Settings The IP Filter Configuration page enables you to configure several global IP Filter settings, and displays a table showing all existing IP Filter rules. The global settings that you can configure are:...

  • Page 125: Creating Ip Filter Rules

    Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Creating IP Filter Rules To create an IP filter rule, you set various criteria that must be met in order for the rule to be invoked. Use these instructions to add a new IP filter rule, and refer to the examples on page 129 for assistance: 1.
  • Page 126 You can use rules that specify the incoming direction to restrict external computers from accessing your LAN. Interface The interface on the NEOBIT 1014VA on which the rule will take effect. See the examples on page 129 for suggestions on choosing the appropriate interface for various rule types.
  • Page 127 Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Field Description Black List Status Specifies whether or not a violation of this rule will result in the offending computer's IP address being added to the Black List, which blocks the ADSL Router from forwarding packets from that source for a specified period of time.
  • Page 128 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter18 Field Description Protocol The basic IP protocol criteria that must be met for rule to be invoked. Using the options in the drop-down list, you can specify that packets must contain the selected protocol...
  • Page 129 Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Field Description ICMP Code Specifies whether the value in the code field in ICMP packet headers will be used as criteria. The code value can be any decimal value from 0-255. You can specify that the...

  • Page 130: Ip Filter Rule Examples

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter18 3. When you are done selecting criteria, ensure that the Enable radio button is selected at the top of the page, and then click After a confirmation page displays, the IP Filter Configuration page will redisplay with the new rule showing in the table.
  • Page 131 Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Example 2. Blocking Telnet accesses to the NEOBIT 1014VA: 1. Add a new rule for packets incoming on the ppp-0 interface. 2. Specify that the packet must contain the TCP protocol, and must be destined for port 23, the well-known port number used for the Telnet protocol.

  • Page 132: Viewing Ip Filter Statistics

    When two computers communicate using the IP protocol, an IP session is created for the duration of the communication. The NEOBIT 1014VA allows a fixed number of concurrent IP sessions. You can view information about each current IP session and delete sessions (for security reasons, for example).
  • Page 133 Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide The IP Filter Session table displays the following fields for each current IP session: Field Description Session Index The ID assigned by the system to the IP session (all sessions, whether or not they are affected by an IP filter rule, are assigned a session index).

  • Page 134: Blocking Protocols

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter18 Blocking Protocols The Blocked Protocols feature enables you to prevent the ADSL Router from passing any data that uses a particular protocol. Unlike the IP Filter feature, you cannot specify additional criteria for blocked protocols, such as particular users or destinations.
  • Page 135 Chapter18 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Protocol Description IP Multicast IP Multicast is an extension to the IP protocol. It enables individual packets to be sent to multiple hosts on the Internet, and is often used for handling e-mail mailing lists and teleconferencing/videoconferencing.

  • Page 136: Viewing Dsl Parameters

    Viewing DSL Parameters To view configuration parameters and performance statistics for the NEOBIT 1014VA’s DSL line, log into Configuration Manager, and then click the WAN tab. The DSL Status page displays by default, as shown in Figure 63. Figure 63. DSL Status Page The DSL Status page displays current information on the DSL line performance.
  • Page 137 Chapter19 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Figure 64. DSL Parameters Page The DSL Parameters and Status table displays settings preconfigured by the product manufacturer or your ISP. The Config Data table lists various types of error and defects measurements found on the DSL line.
  • Page 138 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter19 The DSL Statistics page reports error data relating to the last 15- minute interval, the current day, and the previous day. At the bottom of the page, the Detailed Interval Statistic table displays links you can click on to display detailed data for each 15- minute interval in the past 24 hours.

  • Page 140: Administrative Tasks

    Administrative Tasks This chapter describes the following administrative tasks that you can perform using Configuration Manager: Viewing System Alarms Upgrading the Software Using Diagnostics Modifying Port Settings You can access these tasks from the Admin tab task bar. The other Admin tasks listed in the Admin tab—Configuring User Logon and Committing and Rebooting—are described in Chapter 4, “Getting Started with the Configuration Manager.”...

  • Page 141: Displaying The Alarm Monitor In A Separate Window

    Chapter20 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Displaying the Alarm Monitor in a Separate Window If you want to display an automatically updating Alarm table, you can click to display a separate Alarm Monitor window, as shown in Figure 68.

  • Page 142: Upgrading The Software

    NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter20 Upgrading the Software Your ISP may from time to time provide you with an upgrade to the software running on the ADSL Router. All system software is contained in a single file, called an image. The image is composed of several distinct parts, each of which implements a different set of functions.

  • Page 143: Using Diagnostics

    Chapter20 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Using Diagnostics The diagnostics feature executes a series of test of your system software and hardware connections. Use this feature when working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems. Follow these instructions to begin the diagnostics program: 1.
  • Page 144 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter20 Figure 71. Diagnostics Page—After Execution Help You can click to display an explanation of each test. Work with your ISP to interpret the results of the diagnostic tests.

  • Page 145: Modifying Port Settings

    Modifying the ADSL Routers’ port numbers In some cases, you may want to assign non-standard port numbers to the HTTP and Telnet servers that are embedded on the NEOBIT 1014VA. The following scenario is one example of why changing the HTTP port number may be necessary:...
  • Page 146 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Chapter20 making any changes here.
  • Page 147 Chapter20 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Follow these steps to modify port settings: 1. Log into Configuration Manager, click the Admin tab, and then click Port Settings in the task bar. The Port Settings page is shown in Figure 72.

  • Page 148: Ip Addresses, Network Masks, And Subnets

    IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets IP Addresses This section pertains only to IP addresses for IPv4 (version 4 of the Internet Protocol). IPv6 addresses are not covered. This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers, bits, Note and bytes. For details on this subject, see Appendix A. IP addresses, the Internet's version of telephone numbers, are used to identify individual nodes (computers or devices) on the Internet.

  • Page 149: Network Classes

    Appendix A. IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Network classes The three commonly used network classes are A, B, and C. (There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion.) These classes have different uses and characteristics.
  • Page 150 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Appendix A. IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs, which range from 0 to 127 (instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address).

  • Page 152: Binary Numbers

    Binary Numbers Binary Numbers In everyday life, we use the decimal system of numbers. In decimal, numbers are written using the ten digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Computers, however, do not use decimal. Instead, they use binary. Binary numbers are numbers written using only the two digits 0 and 1, e.g., 110100.

  • Page 154: Troubleshooting

    LINK LAN LED does not Verify that the Ethernet cable is securely connected illuminate after Ethernet to your LAN hub or PC and to the NEOBIT 1014VA. cable is attached. Make sure the PC and/or hub is turned on. Verify that you are using a straight-through type Ethernet cable to the uplink port on a hub or a cross- over type cable to a stand-alone PC.
  • Page 155 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion rule has been defined on the NEOBIT 1014VA to translate the private address to your public IP address. The assigned IP address must be within the range specified in the NAT rules (see Chapter 8).

  • Page 156: Diagnosing Problem Using Ip Utilities

    “Request timed out.” Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the NEOBIT 1014VA is working (using the preconfigured default LAN IP address 192.168.1.1) or another address you assigned. You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such as that for www.yahoo.com...

  • Page 157: Nslookup

    Appendix C. Troubleshooting NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide nslookup You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an internet site name. You specify the common name, and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your DNS server (usually located with your ISP).

  • Page 158: Glossary

    The NEOBIT 1014VA can perform both routing and bridging. Typically, when both functions are enabled, the device routes IP data and bridges all other types of data. See also routing.
  • Page 159 A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns the addresses. Each of the NEOBIT 1014VA's interfaces can be configured as a DHCP relay. See DHCP. DHCP server...
  • Page 160 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Appendix D. Glossary File Transfer Protocol A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet. Common uses include uploading new or updated files to a web server, and downloading files from a web server.
  • Page 161 A network limited to a small geographic area, such as a home, office, or small building. Light Emitting Diode An electronic light-emitting device. The indicator lights on the front of the NEOBIT 1014VA are LEDs. MAC address Media Access Control address The permanent hardware address of a device, assigned by its manufacturer.
  • Page 162 A protocol for serial data transmission that is used to carry IP (and other protocol) data between your ISP and your computer. The WAN interface on the NEOBIT 1014VA uses two forms of PPP called PPPoA and PPPoE. See also PPPoA, PPPoE.
  • Page 163 Appendix D. Glossary NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol The TCP/IP protocol used for network management. splitter A device that splits off the voice component of the DSL signal to a separate line, so that data and telephone service each have their own wiring and jacks.
  • Page 164 See also VC. Wide Area Network Any network spread over a large geographical area, such as a country or continent. With respect to the NEOBIT 1014VA, WAN refers to the Internet. Web browser A software program that uses Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol...
  • Page 166 Index 100BASE-T, 157 Commit & Reboot page, 40 10BASE-T, 157 Computers ADSL, 157 configuring IP information, 18 ADSL cable, 16 Configuration Manager ADSL port, 16 overview, 33 Alarm Monitor window, 140 troubleshooting, 154 Alarm page, 139 Connectors Alarms, 139 rear panel, 13 Analog, 157 Data packet, 61 Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
  • Page 167 Index NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide using ISP Ethernet cable, 17 as, 52 straight-through vs crossover, 153 using the device as, 52 Features, 9 viewing assigned addresses, 57 FILTER NAT flavor, 74 DHCP Server Pool—Add page, 54 Filtering rule, 158...
  • Page 168 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Index explained, 147 IPoA page, 109 viewing device's, 49 ISP, 160 IP configuration LAN, 160 static, 23 LAN Configuration page, 44 static IP addresses, 23 LAN interface, 58 Windows 2000, 19 configuring multiple, 49...
  • Page 169 Index NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide NAT Configuration page, 62 Commit & Reboot, 40 NAT Rule Configuration page, 65 DHCP Address Table, 57 NAT Rule Global Statistics page, 64 DHCP Configuration, 53, 59 NAT Rule Statistics page, 65 DHCP Relay Configuration, 58 NAT Rule—Add page - basic, 73...
  • Page 170 NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide Index NAT Translations, 66 PPP Interface – Add page, 102 NAT Translations - Details, 67 PPP Interface – Modify page, 103 Port Settings, 145 PPPoA, 161 PPP - Detail, 100 PPPoE, 161 PPP Configuration, 97...
  • Page 171 Index NEOBIT 1014VA ADSL Router User’s Guide System requirements:, 9 configuring IP information, 43, 47 System View page, 36 User Password Configuration page, 39 System--Modify page, 38 Username TCP/IP, 162 default, 34 Telephone, 16 VC, 163 Telnet port, modifying address, 144...

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