Abbreviations
List of abbreviations used in the manual with their definitions.
AccuPoint
Definition of AccuPoint as a pointing device integrated into the computer keyboard.
adaptor
Definition of an adaptor as a device providing a compatible connection between two units.
alphanumeric
Definition of alphanumeric characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols.
analog signal
Definition of an analog signal whose characteristics vary in proportion to the value transmitted.
application
Definition of an application as a group of programs used for a specific task.
ASCII
Definition of ASCII code as a set of binary codes representing characters.
asynchronous
Definition of asynchronous communication lacking regular time relationship.
backup
Definition of a backup as a copy of a file kept in case the original is lost or damaged.
binary
Definition of the binary number system composed of zeros and ones.
BIOS
Definition of BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) controlling data flow within the computer.
bit
Definition of a bit as the basic unit of information in a computer.
Bluetooth
Definition of Bluetooth as a short-range radio technology for wireless communication.
board
Definition of a board as a circuit board containing electronic components.
boot
Definition of boot as a program that starts or restarts the computer.
buffer
Definition of a buffer as a portion of memory storing data temporarily.
bus
Definition of a bus as an interface for transmission of signals, data, or electric power.
byte
Definition of a byte as the representation of a single character.
cache memory
Definition of cache memory for improving processing speed.
capacity
Definition of capacity as the amount of data stored on a magnetic storage device.
CardBus
Definition of CardBus as an industry standard bus for 32-bit PC Cards.
CD
Definition of CD as an individual compact disc.
CD-R
Definition of CD-R as a recordable disc written once and read many times.
CD-ROM
Definition of CD-ROM as a read-only disc read using a laser.
CD-RW
Definition of CD-RW as a rewritable disc rewritten many times.
character
Definition of a character as any letter, number, symbol used by the computer.
chassis
Definition of chassis as the frame containing the computer.
chip
Definition of a chip as a semiconductor containing electronic components.
click
Definition of click as pressing and releasing the primary button of a pointing device.
CMOS
Definition of CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) circuit.
cold start
Definition of cold start as starting a computer that is currently off.
commands
Definition of commands as instructions directing computer actions.
compatibility
Definition of compatibility relating to data acceptance and device connection.
components
Definition of components as elements or parts making up a system.
computer program
Definition of a computer program as a set of instructions for achieving a desired result.
computer system
Definition of a computer system as hardware, software, firmware, and peripherals processing data.
configuration
Definition of configuration relating to system components and settings.
controller
Definition of a controller as hardware/software controlling device functions.
CPU
Definition of CPU (Central Processing Unit) interpreting and executing instructions.
CRT
Definition of CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) as a display device.
cursor
Definition of a cursor as a blinking indicator showing the current position on the screen.
data
Definition of data as factual, measurable, or statistical information a computer can process.
data bits
Definition of data bits controlling the number of bits used to make up a byte.
DC
Definition of DC (Direct Current) as electric current flowing in one direction, usually from batteries.
default
Definition of default as a parameter value automatically selected by the system.
delete
Definition of delete as removing data from a disk or storage device.
device driver
Definition of a device driver as a program enabling computer-device communication.
dialog box
Definition of a dialog box as a window for user input of settings or information.
disable
Definition of disable as turning a computer option off.
disk drive
Definition of a disk drive accessing and copying information from a disk.
disk storage
Definition of disk storage as storing data on magnetic disk in concentric tracks.
display
Definition of display as a CRT, LCD, or other device used to view computer output.
documentation
Definition of documentation as manuals and instructions for users of computer systems or applications.
double click
Definition of double click as pressing a pointing device button rapidly twice.
driver
Definition of a driver as software controlling a specific piece of hardware.
DVD
Definition of DVD as an individual digital versatile disc.
DVD-R (+R, -R)
Definition of DVD-R as a recordable disc written once and read many times.
DVD-RAM
Definition of DVD-RAM as a high-capacity, high-performance disc for storing large data volumes.
DVD-ROM
Definition of DVD-ROM as a high-capacity disc for playback of video and high-density files.
DVD-RW (+RW, -RW)
Definition of DVD-RW as a rewritable disc that can be rewritten many times.
echo
Definition of echo as sending back a reflection of transmitted data.
enable
Definition of enable as turning on a computer option.
erase
Definition of erase as removing data from a disk or storage device (synonymous with delete).
escape
Definition of escape as a code signaling commands or aborting tasks.
escape guard time
Definition of escape guard time distinguishing data escapes from command escapes.
execute
Definition of execute as interpreting and executing an instruction.
fast infrared
Definition of fast infrared as a standard for cableless infrared serial data transfer.
file
Definition of a file as a collection of related information.
fingerprint sensor
Definition of a fingerprint sensor that analyzes unique fingerprint characteristics.
firmware
Definition of firmware as built-in instructions controlling hardware and microprocessor activities.
flash memory
Definition of flash memory as non-volatile memory retaining information without power.
floppy diskette
Definition of a floppy diskette as a removable disk storing magnetically encoded data.
folder
Definition of a folder as an icon in Windows used to store documents or other folders.
format
Definition of format as readying a blank disk for its first use.
function keys
Definition of function keys (F1-F12) that perform specific computer functions.
gigabyte (GB)
Definition of gigabyte (GB) as a unit of data storage equal to 1024 megabytes.
graphics
Definition of graphics as drawings, pictures, or images presenting information.
hard disk
Definition of a hard disk as a storage device composed of rigid platters magnetically coded with data.
hardware
Definition of hardware as the physical electronic and mechanical components of a computer system.
hertz
Definition of hertz as a unit of wave frequency equal to one cycle per second.
host computer
Definition of a host computer controlling, regulating, and transmitting information to devices.
hot key
Definition of a hot key as a feature using key combinations to set system parameters.
HW Setup
Definition of HW Setup as a TOSHIBA utility for setting hardware component parameters.
icon
Definition of an icon as a graphic image on the screen representing an object.
i.LINK (IEEE1394)
Definition of i.LINK port for high-speed data transfer from external devices.
input
Definition of input as data or instructions provided to a computer.
instruction
Definition of instruction as statements specifying how to perform a task.
interface
Definition of an interface as hardware/software components used to connect systems or devices.
interrupt request
Definition of an interrupt request as a signal giving a component access to the processor.
I/O
Definition of I/O (Input/output) referring to data acceptance and transfer.
I/O devices
Definition of I/O devices as equipment used to communicate with the computer.
keyboard
Definition of a keyboard as an input device with keys activated by manual pressing.
kilobyte (KB)
Definition of kilobyte (KB) as a unit of data storage equal to 1024 bytes.
L1 cache
Definition of L1 cache as level one cache built into the processor.
L2 cache
Definition of L2 cache as memory cache installed on the motherboard.
LAN
Definition of LAN (Local Area Network) connecting computers over a limited area.
megabyte (MB)
Definition of megabyte (MB) as a unit of data storage equal to 1024 kilobytes.
memory
Definition of memory as the computer's main memory where programs run and data is stored.
menu
Definition of a menu as a software interface displaying a list of options.
microprocessor
Definition of a microprocessor as a hardware component carrying out instructions.
mode
Definition of mode as a method of operation, e.g., Shut Down Mode, Sleep Mode.
modem
Definition of modem (modulator/demodulator) converting digital data for transmission.
monitor
Definition of a monitor as a device displaying alphanumeric characters or graphic images.
motherboard
Definition of motherboard as the main printed circuit board in processing equipment.
MP3
Definition of MP3 as an audio compression standard for high-quality transmission.
network
Definition of a network as connected computers and devices for sharing data.
non-system disk
Definition of a non-system disk for storing programs and data not used for starting the computer.
nonvolatile memory
Definition of nonvolatile memory capable of permanently storing information.
OCR
Definition of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) for identifying characters and inputting them.
online state
Definition of online state for a peripheral device ready to receive or transmit data.
operating system
Definition of an operating system controlling basic computer operations.
output
Definition of output as the results of a computer operation, such as printed or displayed data.
parallel
Definition of parallel processes occurring simultaneously in communications.
parity
Definition of parity as an error detection bit in serial communications.
password
Definition of a password as a unique string of characters identifying a specific user.
PC card
Definition of a PC card as a credit-card-sized expansion card.
PCI
Definition of PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) as an industry standard 32-bit bus.
peripheral
Definition of a peripheral as any device attached to the computer and controlled by the CPU.
pixel
Definition of a pixel as a picture element, the smallest dot on a display or printer.
plug and play
Definition of plug and play as a Windows capability to automatically recognize external devices.
pointing device
Definition of a pointing device, such as a Touch Pad or mouse, that moves the cursor.
port
Definition of a port as an electrical connection for sending and receiving data.
Power Saver
Definition of Power Saver as a TOSHIBA utility for setting power-saving functions.
program
Definition of a program as a set of instructions a computer executes.
prompt
Definition of a prompt as a message indicating the computer is ready for information or action.
resolution
Definition of resolution as a measure of image sharpness for printers or screens.
restart
Definition of restart as resetting a computer without turning it off (warm boot).
RGB
Definition of RGB (Red, Green, Blue) used for color display.
RJ45
Definition of RJ45 as a modular LAN jack.
S/P DIF
Definition of S/P DIF as a standard of digital interface for audio.
SCSI
Definition of SCSI as an industry standard interface for peripheral devices.
SD/SDHC Card
Definition of SD/SDHC cards as flash memory used in digital devices.
serial
Definition of serial processes occurring one at a time in communications.
SIO
Definition of SIO (Serial Input/Output) as electronic methodology in serial data transmission.
soft key
Definition of a soft key as key combinations emulating IBM keyboard functions.
software
Definition of software as programs, procedures, and documentation directing computer activities.
stop bit
Definition of a stop bit following transmitted characters in asynchronous serial communications.
synchronous
Definition of synchronous communication having a constant time interval between bits.
system disk
Definition of a system disk containing operating system files needed to start the computer.
terminal
Definition of a terminal as a keyboard and CRT display connected for data input/output.
TFT display
Definition of TFT display as an LCD using active-matrix technology.
Touch Pad
Definition of a Touch Pad as a pointing device integrated into the computer palm rest.
USB
Definition of USB (Universal Serial Bus) for communicating with devices connected in a chain.
VGA
Definition of VGA (Video Graphics Array) as a standard video adaptor.
volatile memory
Definition of volatile memory (RAM) storing information only when power is supplied.
warm start
Definition of warm start as restarting or resetting a computer without turning it off.
Wi-Fi
Definition of Wi-Fi as a registered trademark for wireless fidelity communication protocol.
window
Definition of a window as a portion of the screen displaying an application, document, or dialog box.
Wireless LAN
Definition of Wireless LAN as a Local Area Network through wireless communication.
Wireless WAN
Definition of Wireless WAN as a Wide Area Network through wireless communication.
write protection
Definition of write protection as a method for protecting a floppy diskette from accidental erasure.
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