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Solartron Analytical SI-1287 User Manual

Electromechanical interface
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Solartron SI-1287
Electrochemical Interface
A l l t r a d e m a r k s , b r a n d n a m e s , a n d b r a n d s a p p e a r i n g h e r e i n a r e t h e p r o p e r t y o f t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e o w n e r s .
• C r i t i c a l a n d e x p e d i t e d s e r v i c e s
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Summary of Contents for Solartron Analytical SI-1287

  • Page 1 Solartron SI-1287 Electrochemical Interface 4995 In Stock Qty Available: 1 Used and in Excellent Condition Open Web Page https://www.artisantg.com/45308-2 A l l t r a d e m a r k s , b r a n d n a m e s , a n d b r a n d s a p p e a r i n g h e r e i n a r e t h e p r o p e r t y o f t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e o w n e r s .
  • Page 2 SI1287 Electrochemical Interface USER GUIDE...
  • Page 4 SI1287 Electrochemical Interface USER GUIDE Solartron a division of Solartron Group Ltd Victoria Road, Farnborough, Issue AG : June 1999 Hampshire GU14 7PW. UK. Solartron Part No. : 12876000 ...
  • Page 5 Solartron Solartron Victoria Road, Farnborough 37 rue du Saule Trapu Hampshire GU14 7PW England. 91882 Massy, Cedex Telephone +44 (0) 1252 376666 France Fax: +44 (0) 1252 544981 Telephone: +33 (0)1 69 53 63 53 Fax: +33 (0)1 60 13 37 06 Solartron Solartron 964 Marcon Blvd., Suite 200...

  • Page 6: General Safety Precautions

    GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The equipment described in this manual has been designed in accordance with IEC publication 1010 Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus, and has been supplied in a safe condition. To avoid injury to an operator or service technician the safety precautions given below, and throughout the manual, must be strictly adhered to, whenever the equipment is operated, serviced or repaired.

  • Page 7: Safety Precautions

    SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (continued from previous page) SAFETY SYMBOLS For the guidance and protection of the user, the following safety symbols appear on the equipment: SYMBOL MEANING Refer to operating manual for detailed instructions of use. Hazardous voltages. Protective conductor terminal. This must be connected to ground before operating the equipment.
  • Page 8 Contents SI1287 Electrochemical Interface Contents CHAPTER Introduction Introduces the facilities of the SI1287 Electrochemical Interface, gives a comparison to the 1286, and summarizes the content of the manual. Using the SI1287 Guides you through some simple uses of the SI1287 and signposts the way to more advanced uses.
  • Page 9 Contents CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...

  • Page 10: Table Of Contents

    Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction Section Page Electrochemistry and SI1287 .......... 1.3 Features of the SI1287 ............. 1.3 The Structure of the SI1287 ........... 1.3 SI1287 Improvements over 1286 ........1.6 Application Software ............1.7 Further Reading .............. 1.7 Using the SI1287 User Guide .......... 1.8 Figure SI1287 Block Schematic ............
  • Page 11 Chapter 1 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...

  • Page 12: Electrochemistry And Si1287

    Introduction ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND SI1287 Electrochemical measurements rely on the electrical aspect of chemical processes to provide readable data. This is based on Faraday’s law which relates the change in mass per unit area of a substance, to the magnitude of the current flowing through it.
  • Page 13 Chapter 1 ∆RE Summing DC Ref ∆RE-Bi ΣPOL Reject Volts Differential P Stat G Stat Volts Sweep Output ×1 Filter / Feedback/ ×10 Buffer Bandwidth IR COMP control Voltage measurement ×1 × 0.01 Polarity Input Power Amplifier Current Reject Current to Output ×1 Filter /...

  • Page 14: Voltage Measurement

    Introduction • GPIB and Serial input/output ports • control circuitry to integrate all these facilities. Although FRA connections are shown in the diagram for completeness, the SI1287 does not need one to make dc measurements. SI1287 has two independent DVMs which have a ’5 x 9s’ output. The DVMs can be switched to measure a variety of different parameters independently, and these are indicated in Figure 1.1, thus: ∆RE-Bi...

  • Page 15: Si1287 Improvements Over 1286

    Chapter 1 SI1287 IMPROVEMENTS OVER 1286 The SI1286A ECI has been established for a number of years as one of the most advanced instruments of its type, and has an impressive specification. The SI1287A has an enhanced specification that enables even more sensitive measurements to be made, and opens up new areas of application.

  • Page 16: Application Software

    Introduction APPLICATION SOFTWARE SI1287 works equally well as a stand-alone instrument, or as part of a computer controlled system. The advantages of using a PC for control and data storage are: • Complex set-ups can be stored and downloaded rapidly, avoiding the need for time consuming (and error prone) manual set-ups •...

  • Page 17: Using The Si1287 User Guide

    Chapter 1 USING THE SI1287 USER GUIDE The aim of the SI1287 User Guide is to provide useful information on how best to employ your Advanced Electrochemical Interface. To guide you in reading the manual a synopsis of Chapters 2 through 6 is given below: Using the SI1287 Chapter Guides you through some simple uses of the SI1287 and...

  • Page 18: Figure

    Using the SI1287 Chapter 2 Using the SI1287 Section Page Introduction ..............2.3 Front Panel Key Operation ..........2.3 Key Operation ..............2.3 Modes of Operation ............2.4 Power Up ................2.4 Connecting to the SI1287 ..........2.5 Measurement of Grounded Electrodes ......2.5 Setting Parameters for a Potentiodynamic Polarization Curve ............
  • Page 19 Chapter 2 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AF...

  • Page 20: Introduction

    Using the SI1287 INTRODUCTION This chapter demonstrates how to set up and use the SI1287, using the front panel menus. The SI1287 can also be controlled remotely via RS423 and GPIB, refer to Chapter 4 for Remote Control details. Connections to a test cell module are also detailed, followed by the initial set up and relevant steps to produce results on the display.

  • Page 21: Modes Of Operation

    Chapter 2 Stepping Keys The stepping keys are used to step through lists of menu selections (etc.) in either direction. They step once per press, but auto-repeat when held down. MODES OF OPERATION Normal Mode When both shift keys are off, the main keys act according to the label on each key face.

  • Page 22: Connecting To The Si1287

    Using the SI1287 CONNECTING TO THE SI1287 The following diagrams show how to connect a four-, three-, or two-terminal electrochemical cell to the terminals on the front panel of the SI1287. SI1287 FRONT PANEL SELECT {} SELECT {} á â RANGE/[ ] RANGE/[ ] á...
  • Page 23 Chapter 2 However, in many field applications the WE electrode may be grounded, either deliberately or inherently (e.g., a steel joist or pipe buried in the ground). In this case, leave the LO terminal unconnected, to avoid having two grounded points in the circuit (which can cause polarization instability).

  • Page 24: Setting Parameters For A Potentiodynamic Polarization Curve

    Using the SI1287 SETTING PARAMETERS FOR A POTENTIODYNAMIC POLARIZATION CURVE The purpose of this section is to give you a brief introduction to the front panel operation; how to set up parameters, read measurements and plot results. Once you have achieved this, you will be sufficiently familiar with the SI1287 to set up your own experiments.

  • Page 25: Initializing Si1287

    Chapter 2 INITIALIZING SI1287 When the SI1287 is switched on, the following will appear on the display: [ POWER RESTORED The following LEDs will be lit on power up: • ON/STANDBY with STANDBY lit • P STAT/G STAT with P STAT lit •...
  • Page 26 Using the SI1287 With "RESISTOR" displayed, pressing the "RANGE/[ ]" keys steps through the available measuring resistor values (or by rotating the knob, on the front panel). This, however, can be left as its default, which is "[auto]". Now press ENTER. The display will now change showing: Key Press Resulting Display...
  • Page 27 Chapter 2 Now press the "DVM" key to set up the parameters for measurement. The following will be displayed: Key Press Resulting Display [5 × 9] { DIGITS The parameters in this menu selection are to be entered as the default settings, except for {TRIGGER} which should be set to [recycle].
  • Page 28 Using the SI1287 Key Press Resulting Display SEGMENTS 00002 NUMBER RETURN DATA OUTPUT SEGMENTS 00008 FILE / STATUS ENTER Set the other sweep parameters to the following: • {OFF MODE} to [standby] • {DELAY} to 1 second • {V1 RMP} to -1 volt •...
  • Page 29 Chapter 2 PLOT Now press the "PLOT" key. The following will be displayed: Key Press Resulting Display PLOT { XITEM [PAR1] } I 3.188nA PLOT Set the plot parameters to the following. This first set of parameters will allow you to make a plot of the sweep that has been entered: •...
  • Page 30 Using the SI1287 X ITEM = TIME Y ITEM = POL Fig 2.4 Plot of the Sweep PARAMETERS FOR PLOTTING THE POLARIZATION CURVE If you now go back into set up mode and select "PLOT" you can change the parameters to allow you to make a plot of the polarization curve. The parameters for the plot are as follows: •...

  • Page 31: Using The Display

    Chapter 2 USING THE DISPLAY SELECTING THE DISPLAY In normal mode the display shows two readings measured by the internal DVM(s). For example: [ ∆ RE + 1.2345 V ] +0.1234 A To change the displayed parameters position the [ ] brackets to the left or right parameter using the "DIGIT/[ ]"...
  • Page 32 Using the SI1287 Key Press Resulting Display [ ∆ RE + 1.2345 V ] I +0.1234 A SET UP POLARISATION {POL V + 0.2468 V} I +0.1234 A P STAT G STAT {POL V + 0.2461 V} I +0.1200 A Vary the value of POL V, using the knob together with the "DIGIT/[ ]"...
  • Page 33 Chapter 2 2.16 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AF...
  • Page 34 SI1287 Parameters and Commands Chapter 3 SI1287 Parameters and Commands Section Page Introduction ..............3.5 I Measure ................3.5 {Resistor} ................3.5 {O/L Type}................ 3.6 {Standby} ................3.6 {On Mode} ................ 3.7 Polarisation ..............3.8 {POL V} ................3.8 {POL I} ................3.8 {POL I/P} ................
  • Page 35 Chapter 3 Section Page Stepped Sweep ..............3.24 Commands not allowed durring sweep ......3.24 Plot .................. 3.25 {X Item} ................3.25 {Y Item} ................3.25 {Size} ................3.25 {Text} ................3.26 {Title} ................3.26 {Grid} ................3.27 {Mode} ................3.27 {Device} ................
  • Page 36 SI1287 Parameters and Commands Figure Page Analog Ramp sweep cycle ..........3.22 Digitally stepped sweep cycle .......... 3.23 3.10 The plotting field ............. 3.25 3.11 Coordinates of the plotting field ........3.26 Table Page Standard Resistor Selection ..........3.5 Polarisation ON sequence ..........3.7 Bandwidths available ............
  • Page 37 Chapter 3 JWS / SI1287 User Guide / Issue AF...

  • Page 38: Introduction

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands INTRODUCTION This chapter describes all the facilities of the SI1287 Advanced Electrochemical Interface. The facilities appear under the names given to them on the front panel. The set-up parameters are detailed first, followed by the direct action keys. There is also a reference to the equivalent remote commands in Chapter 4.

  • Page 39: O/L Type

    Chapter 3 • Auto-range operates by sensing the cell current and connecting the appropriate standard resistor just before a measurement is made. Therefore it is possible for a rapidly rising current to be measured on too low a range, resulting in an off-limit condition. I Limit ØØ...

  • Page 40: On Mode

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands [CE o/c] Known as "half standby", in which only CE is isolated. In half standby, only the following measurements are valid: RE1, RE2, ∆RE, ∆RE-Bi, DVM I/P, POL, ∑POL, CE, I, I-Bi. Invalid measurements are not displayed, as stated in [all o/c]. {ON MODE} ØØ...

  • Page 41: Polarisation

    Chapter 3 [rest V/I] selected with half standby The sequence starts at half standby and ends at the rest level. Switching from ’ON’ to ’STANDBY’ When the ’standby’ action key is pressed, the cell is switched from its present ’on’ state directly to either full or half standby (according to the STANDBY menu set up).

  • Page 42: Ir Comp/Rpc

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands IR COMP/RPC {IR COMP} ØØ The remote commands are CTI for selecting feedback or sampled and CCI for selecting IR COMP on/off. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.8. IR compensation may be used only with the SI1287 in potentiostat mode. It compensates for the voltage drop across the cell parasitic resistance (R ) and allows the voltage across the cell double-layer impedance (Z...
  • Page 43 Chapter 3 [sampled] Sampled IR compensation periodically interrupts the cell current. During the current off time the IR drop disappears immediately and allows the double-layer impedance voltage (which decays relatively slowly) to be sampled and held. The SI1287 feedback circuit monitors this voltage and maintains it at the user-defined polarization value.
  • Page 44 SI1287 Parameters and Commands CURRENT TIME TIME TIME PERIOD Fig 3.4 Cell current in ’sampled’ IR Compensation When working with IR compensation, be guided by the following constraints: • In estimating R ct (ohms) and C dl (farads) for the cell under test, the off-time should be less than 0.1×(R ct ×C dl ) seconds and greater than 1.5E-8×(R e +R p ) seconds.
  • Page 45 Chapter 3 {RPC Ω Ω Ω Ω} ØØ The remote commands are CCI for selecting RPC on/off and RPF for the value of the parasitic resistance R . Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.11. Real part correction is an alternative to IR compensation and it is applicable both to potentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements.

  • Page 46: Bandwidth

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands BANDWIDTH Various bandwidths may be selected for the cell polarization control loop. This is to ensure the stable operation of the SI1287, as a potentiostat or galvanostat, in the measurement of various cells. {P STAT BW} ØØ...
  • Page 47 Chapter 3 Note also that the bandwidths quoted are approximate and are based on the unity gain cell configuration shown in figure 3.6. R (=R =standard resistor) Fig 3.6 Unity gain "cell" When in doubt as to the stability of the cell polarization, start with a low bandwidth, e.g.

  • Page 48: Reject

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands CONDITION The measured cell voltage and current outputs of the SI1287 can be conditioned so that useful information is emphasised in relation to noise and signal offsets. The facilities available for this are listed in Section 13. {V REJECT} ØØ...
  • Page 49 Chapter 3 {V× × × × 10} ØØ Remote command for the Voltage Amplification is VXI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.12. Voltage Amplification. Measured voltage signals of very low amplitude may be amplified by a factor of ten. {I× × × × 10} ØØ...

  • Page 50: Dvm

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands Two DVMs are built into the SI1287: a 200mV fixed full-scale DVM dedicated to current measurement and a variable-range DVM dedicated to voltage measurement. The measurements taken by the DVMs can be shown on the display as they occur. They can also be sent to the GPIB or RS423 interfaces, and recorded in a history file for later review.

  • Page 51: Range

    Chapter 3 {RANGE} ØØ Remote command is DGI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.16. The voltage DVM may either be set for [auto] or any one of four fixed input ranges may be selected; [200mV], [2V], [20V] or [50V]. Autoranging allows an input range in keeping with the measured voltage to be selected automatically.

  • Page 52: Drift Corr

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands [sync.] Synchronized measurement triggering is selected when the DVMs measure only during the actual sweep segments, not during sweep initialization or delay, etc. During a ramp sweep the DVMs measure continuously, at a rate determined by the measurement resolution.

  • Page 53: Null

    Chapter 3 {NULL} ØØ Remote command is NUI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.16. Nulling compensates for stray voltages induced in the cell leads. The three commands involved are: [off] Null values no longer applied, but retained for further use (when they are re-applied in accordance with the Null ON command).

  • Page 54: Sweep

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands SWEEP The d.c. polarisation signal may be applied to the cell as a specified number of smooth analog ramps, or as a number of digitally stepped ’staircase’ voltages or currents. A cycle of four sweep "segments" is defined by the user and this cycle is repeated in accordance with a user-defined number of segments (1 to 99,999).

  • Page 55: Segments

    Chapter 3 whether the cell will be disconnected (standby), when the sweep ends or is stopped by the user. {SEGMENTS} ØØ Remote command is SMF. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.13. This menu selects the number of segments, ie. distinct ramps, or ’staircases’ to be applied to the cell during the sweep.

  • Page 56: V1 Stp

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands {V1 STP} ØØ Remote command is SAF to SDF. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.15. This menu enables the digitally stepped voltage sweep to be set up for use in potentiostatic mode. Figure 3.9 shows the significance of the delay, the four STP voltage levels (V1 to V4), the time per step (T/STP) and the voltage change per step (V/STP).

  • Page 57: Commands Not Allowed Durring Sweep

    Chapter 3 STEPPED SWEEP: MINIMUM PERMITTED VALUES OF T/STP The minimum permitted values of T/STP (seconds) for a stepped sweep, with the DVM TRIGGER set to sync, are shown in Table 3.5. If these limits are not observed then error 52 will appear indicating ’Measurement rate not achievable in sync.

  • Page 58: Plot

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands PLOT The measurement results may be plotted on a suitable digital plotter via the GPIB port of SI1287. Note: During plotting, set the DATA OUTPUT {GPIB} menu to [off], to prevent corruption of the signals to the plotter. {X ITEM} ØØ...

  • Page 59: Text

    Chapter 3 {TEXT} ØØ Remote command is PTI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.21. With TEXT selected as [ON] during axes plotting, the X- and Y-axis are annotated with their minimum and maximum values, items and units if appropriate. Otherwise, axes appear without any annotation. (VX MAX, VY MAX) PLOTTING FIELD...

  • Page 60: Grid

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands {GRID} ØØ Remote command is GTI. Refer to Chapter 4, section 6.21. With GRID selected [off] during axes plotting, the divisions along the X- and Y-directions of the plot borders are marked by short lines only. With GRID selected [on], the division marks are extended completely across the graph in both dimensions to form a grid superimposed on the plot.

  • Page 61: Data Output

    Chapter 3 DATA OUTPUT This section of the menu allows the user to enable or disable any of the possible devices, configure the GPIB for remote control and set up the filing of measurements. The various output formats are described in Chapter 4. 10.1 {RS-423} ØØ...

  • Page 62: File

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands 10.3 {FILE} ØØ Remote command is FLI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.18. A section of memory used to store DVM measurement results, for later recall or further external processing if required. Each result is stored as a block of three items;...

  • Page 63: Direct Action Keys

    Chapter 3 DIRECT ACTION KEYS This section refers to the action keys, which apply previously set up parameters to the cell, as soon as they are pressed. 11.1 ON/STANDBY ØØ Remote command is PWI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.1. Controls connections to three of the cell terminals: CE, RE1 and RE2.

  • Page 64: Bias Reject

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands 11.5 BIAS REJECT ØØ Remote command is BRI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.12. Rejects the d.c. component from the SI1287 voltage and current outputs (as set up via the CONDITION menu). [fixed] rejection set up: key has ’on’/’off’ action. [auto] rejection set up: switching ’on’...

  • Page 65: Local

    Chapter 3 {RECALL} ØØ Remote command is RCI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.25. Enter an integer ’n’ to recall the contents of store ’n’ to set up the stored menu selections. The sequence is then similiar to that for STORE, except that ENTERing the required store number, the relevant title is displayed to confirm the user’s choice.

  • Page 66: Indirect Action Keys

    SI1287 Parameters and Commands INDIRECT ACTION KEYS This section refers to the action keys, which are pressed repeatedly to step through a list of selections until the one required is displayed. 12.1 SWEEP ØØ Remote command is SWI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.13. Applies the sweep polarisation to the cell (as set up via the SWEEP menu).

  • Page 67: File/Status

    Chapter 3 12.3 FILE/STATUS ØØ Remote command is VFI. Refer to Chapter 4, Section 6.18 & 24. {display file} Displays the first line (according to the {FL O/P} menu setup). The SELECT { } á â keys, or rotary knob, are used to step up or down the file.
  • Page 68 SI1287 Parameters and Commands {test} Note: The 12861 Test Module must be connected to the SI1287 before this selection is entered. Starts a self test routine which includes the entire {check} sequence. Additionally, the SI1287 analog circuitry is self tested. Success or failure of the test routine is the same as {check}.

  • Page 69: Menu Summary

    Chapter 3 MENU SUMMARY This summary is intend as a memory aid for experienced users. The following tables summarise all the SI1287 menus and action keys. Note: a) Bold typeface denotes default value. b) Braces denote a choice via the SELECT {} keys, e.g. {RESISTOR}. c) Square brackets denote choice via the RANGE/[ ] keys, or the rotary knob, e.g.
  • Page 70 SI1287 Parameters and Commands SET UP MENU PARAMETER SELECTION I MEASURE {RESISTOR} [auto] I LIMIT [2µA] [20µA] [200µA] [2mA] [20mA] [200mA] [2A] [0.1Ω] [1Ω] [10Ω] [100Ω] [1kΩ] [10kΩ] [100kΩ] [1MΩ] {O/L TYPE} [cut-out] [limit] [warning] {STANDBY} [all o/c] [CE o/c] {ON MODE} [pol V/I] [rest V/I] POLARISATION...
  • Page 71 Chapter 3 SWEEP {DELAY} (0) 0 TO 1E+5s [s] [ms] {OFF MODE} [standby] [freeze] {SEGMENTS} (2) 1 TO 99999 integer {V1 RMP} RMP V1 TO V4 (0) -14.5 TO +14.5V [V] [mV] [µV] RMP T1 TO T4 1E-2 TO 1E+5s [s] [ms] {I1 RMP} RMP I1 TO I4...
  • Page 72 SI1287 Parameters and Commands DATA OUPUT {RS-423} [off] [on] [dump] {GPIB} [off] [long on] or SERIAL POLL (0) 0 TO 255 integer [short on] PARALLEL POLL (0) 0 TO 8 integer PP SENSE [true] [false] [long dump] or [short dump] O/P TERMINATOR [cr lf] [cr lf+EOI] [cr] [cr+EOI] O/P SEPARATOR...
  • Page 73 Chapter 3 3.40 JWS / SI1287 User Guide / Issue AF...

  • Page 74: Remote Control

    Remote Control Chapter 4 Remote Control Section Page Introduction ..............4.3 RS423 Interface ............... 4.4 RS423 Connector .............. 4.4 Serial Link Settings ............4.4 Baud Rate Settings ............4.4 Input Terminator ............... 4.4 GPIB Interface ..............4.5 GPIB Capability Codes ............. 4.5 GPIB Connector ..............
  • Page 75 Chapter 4 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...

  • Page 76: Introduction

    Remote Control INTRODUCTION The instrument is fitted, as standard, with a GPIB interface and an RS423 interface for communication with remote devices. The RS423 is intended mainly for data output to a printer, VDU, etc, but may be used for instrument control if required. The RS423 Serial Interface is also compatible with RS232.

  • Page 77: Rs423 Interface

    Chapter 4 RS423 INTERFACE RS423 CONNECTION DETAILS Connection to the RS423 Serial Interface port is made via the 25-way sub miniature D-type connector on the rear panel. The pin connections are shown in Figure 4.1. The SI1287 is configured as DCE (Data Communication Equipment). viewed from rear the of SI1287 Fig 4.1 RS423 Serial Interface Connector Pin 1 = Ground...

  • Page 78: Gpib Interface

    Remote Control GPIB INTERFACE GPIB CAPABILITY CODES The capability of a device interface can be identified by the series of alphanumeric codes, which normally appear against the bus connector. The alphabetic part of the codes represent a basic interface function, such as a talker or listener, whilst the numeric part represents the capability of that function.

  • Page 79: Gpib Switches

    Chapter 4 GPIB SWITCHES Some interface functions are set by miniature toggle switches on the rear panel of the instrument. These functions are described in the following sections. Once the GPIB switches have been set the instrument must read them, so that their settings can be implemented.

  • Page 80: Serial Poll/Parallel Poll

    Remote Control SERIAL POLL/PARALLEL POLL The instrument can be configured to request service from a GPIB controller when a particular event has occurred, e.g. on end of operation, or measurement ready. The controller may then poll the devices on the GPIB to find the source of the request.

  • Page 81: Parallel Poll

    Chapter 4 Setting up a Service Request The instrument can be enabled to request service (and set the RQS bit) for one or more specified events. Alternatively, if several of the status bits must be monitored simultaneously, the controller can be programmed to serial poll at regular intervals without using a SRQ at all.

  • Page 82: Gpib Plotting

    Remote Control Setting up a Parallel Poll The instrument can be configured to give a parallel poll true/false response on a selected GPIB data line, to indicate whether or not the instrument is requesting service. However, the instrument must first be configured for serial poll. To set up a parallel poll configuration send the remote command : where n is an integer from 1 to 8, defining which GPIB data line is to carry the response.

  • Page 83: Remote/Local Facility

    Chapter 4 REMOTE/LOCAL FACILITY The REMOTE/LOCAL facility enables the SI1287 to receive commands from either a remote or a local source. The remote facility is provided via the GPIB Interface and has priority over other devices. The SI1287 offers two forms of control under the heading LOCAL: LOCAL 1 Commands accepted from the SI1287 front panel and/or from the RS423 port;...
  • Page 84 Remote Control CONTROLLER ASSERTS LOCAL 1 REMOTE REMOTE KEYBOARD GPIB POWER AND RS423 INTERFACE ON STATE PORT CONTROLLER SENDS ENABLED ENABLED "GO TO LOCAL" OR LOCAL KEY PRESSED CONTROLLER RS423 ASSERTS DEVICE REMOTE SENDS CONTROLLER SENDS LOCAL "GO TO LOCAL" OR RS423 DEVICE PRESSED SENDS LL...

  • Page 85: Local Lock-Out

    Chapter 4 LOCAL LOCK-OUT The REMOTE/LOCAL facility described above can also have a LOCAL LOCK-OUT condition superimposed by a command from the controller. Once LOCAL LOCK-OUT is on, transfer of control from one device to another can be accomplished only by the GPIB controller. This facility can be used, for example, to prevent unauthorised front panel manipulations affecting the settings of the SI1287.

  • Page 86: Output Formats

    Remote Control OUTPUT FORMATS Measurement results can be output as ASCII characters or as Binary data. The ASCII output can be interpreted by a controller or a printer whereas the binary can only be interpreted by a controller. These outputs have the following formats. RS423 PORT: TABULAR OUTPUT FORMAT In this mode, the ASCII coded results are presented in the form of a table, suitable for use with an RS423 compatible printer having a line width of 80...
  • Page 87 Chapter 4 Time is coded as four pairs of digits for hours (h), minutes (m), seconds and hundredths of seconds (s) respectively. h h / m m / s s / s s To obtain compressed ASCII output, set the DATA OUTPUT {GPIB} menu to either [long on] or [short on] and the Talk Only switch on the SI1287 rear panel to ’OFF’.
  • Page 88 Remote Control 5.4.1 4 - Byte Floating Point Format : Dump Mode A parameter is output in dump mode as a group of four 8-bit bytes. Encoded in these bytes are the sign of the parameter, a binary exponent, and a mantissa: Exponent Byte 1 SIGN...
  • Page 89 Chapter 4 OUTPUT TERMINATORS & SEPARATORS 5.5.1 RS423 Port In tabular output mode, each line of data sent from the SI1287 via the RS423 port is automatically terminated with ’carriage return line feed’, plus padding ’nul’ characters. In dump mode, neither output terminators nor separators are sent via the RS423 port.

  • Page 90: Standby State

    Remote Control SI1287 REMOTE COMMANDS This section lists the instruments remote commands. The commands are the same for both RS423 and GPIB operation. The majority of codes are qualified by a numeric arguement. In the following list: I is an integer of up to 3 digits. I,I is two integers of up to 2 digits each, separated by a comma.
  • Page 91 Chapter 4 CONTROL LOOP BANDWIDTH Command Bandwidth Bandwidth set to that defined by GB or PB. Bandwidth set to type C. Galvanostat: Type A 150kHz** Type B 100kHz** Type C >7.5kHz*** Potentiostat: Type A 600kHz* Type B 360kHz* Type C >1MHz* Type D >600kHz*...
  • Page 92 Remote Control CURRENT OFF-LIMIT ACTION Command Overload Action Cutout. The SI1287 goes to the "standby" state and the cell current is cut off completely. Limit. The cell current limits at the full-scale value of a fixed range (or the I LIMIT value). No Limit.
  • Page 93 Chapter 4 6.12 SI1287 OUTPUT CONDITIONING FACILITIES Command Function Voltage bias reject, auto. Voltage bias reject, fixed. Fixed rejection voltage. (F= 0V to ±14.5V) Current bias reject, auto. Current bias reject, fixed. Fixed rejection current. (F= 0A to ±2A) Bias reject OFF. Bias reject ON.
  • Page 94 Remote Control 6.15 STEPPED SWEEP: SEGMENT DEFINITION Command Function Voltage level V (F= 0 to ±14.5V) Current level I (F= 0 to ±2A) Voltage level V (F= 0 to ±14.5V) Current level I (F= 0 to ±2A) Voltage level V (F= 0 to ±14.5V) Current level I (F= 0 to ±2A)
  • Page 95 Chapter 4 6.17 OUTPUT PARAMETER SELECTION Command Parameter Par 1 Par 2 Counter electrode. Reference electrode 1. Reference electrode 2. ∆RE ∆RE-Bi ∆RE-V BIAS . Cell Current. I-Bi Cell current - bias current. δ∆RE/δI Polarization resistance.* δI/δ∆RE Polarization conductance.* D.C. polarization. ∑POL PX10 PY10...

  • Page 96: Data Output Functions

    Remote Control 6.19 DATA OUTPUT FUNCTIONS Command Function On, headings are pre-pended to results sent to the RS423 and GPIB in talk only mode. Off, all headings are suppressed. RS423 Output off. Output on, Compressed ASCII format with time. Dump, Binary format with time. Note: for all full description of RS423 output formats, see Chapter 4.
  • Page 97 Chapter 4 6.21 PLOT Command Function Plot - plot graph. - plot axes. - pen moves to min. X and Y. - pen moves to max. X and Y. - zero, pen parked. - off X Item - PAR1. - PAR2. - TIME.

  • Page 98: Self-Test Results

    Remote Control 6.22 SELF-TEST RESULTS Command Function Overall results of self-test. (01=fail, 00=pass) ?TS1 RAM. (01=fail, 00=pass) ?TS2 ROM. (01=fail, 00=pass) ?TS3 Timer, 1, 2, 3. (01, 02, 03=fail, 00=pass) ?TS4 GPIB. 6.23 Display Command Function LHS display - CE - RE1 - RE2 - ∆RE...
  • Page 99 Chapter 4 6.25 Other Commands Command Function SRI,S Store setting I, title S. 0 to 9 (S≤ 20 ASCII characters) Recall setting. (I= 0 to 9) Clear setting. (I= 0 to 9) ?WEI Store existence. (I= 0 to 9) (0=store I does not exist, 1=store I does exist). Load from remote device into menu setup store.
  • Page 100 Using the SI1287 with an FRA Chapter 5 Using the SI1287 with an FRA Section Page Introduction ..............5.3 Hardware Connections: A.C. Sweep ......5.4 Parameter Settings: A.C. Sweep ........5.5 SI1287 Menu Settings ............5.5 1250,1254 or 1255 Menu Settings ........5.5 Running the A.C.
  • Page 101 Chapter 5 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...

  • Page 102: Introduction

    Using the SI1287 with an FRA INTRODUCTION This chapter provides an example on how to set up and run a.c. sweeps, in conjunction with an FRA; Solartron 1250, 1254, 1255 or 1260 (1255/60 recommended). Counter Reference Reference Working Electrode Electrode 1 Electrode 2 Electrode 6.8k...

  • Page 103: Hardware Connections: Ac Sweep

    Chapter 5 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS: AC SWEEP Connect the four 12861 Test Module terminals to the corresponding SI1287 front panel sockets using the cables supplied. If, however, a real cell is to be used refer to the cell configurations, as detailed in Chapter 2, section 3. Connect the SI1287 ’V’, ’I’...

  • Page 104: Parameter Settings: A.c. Sweep

    Using the SI1287 with an FRA PARAMETER SETTINGS: A.C. SWEEP SI1287 MENU SETTINGS Use of the SI1287 front panel has been explained previously in Chapter 3. Step 1. Initialize the SI1287. Step 2. Press SET UP to select parameter set-up mode. Step 3.

  • Page 105: Running The A.c. Sweep

    Chapter 5 Step 5. In the DISPLAY/PLOTTER menu, select: (a) DISPLAY: SOURCE = Ch2/Ch1 (b) PLOTTER COMMON: MODE = vector SIZE = A4 DEVICE = (GPIB-HPGL or GPIB-ESGL depending on plotter type) (c) PLOTTER X-AXIS: MINIMUM = 0 MAXIMUM = 10 (d) PLOTTER Y-AXIS: ITEM = b MINIMUM = 0...

  • Page 106: Installation

    Installation Appendix A Installation Section Page Safety Precautions ............A.3 Grounding ................. A.3 A.C. Supply voltage ............A.3 Fuses ................. A.3 Explosive Atmospheres ............ A.4 Safety Symbols ..............A.4 Avoid Unsafe Equipment ..........A.4 Live conductors ..............A.4 Equipment Modification ........... A.4 A.C.
  • Page 107 Appendix A CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AG...

  • Page 108: Safety Precautions

    Installation SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The equipment described in this manual has been designed in accordance with IEC publication 1010 Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus, and has been supplied in a safe condition. To avoid injury to an operator or service technician the safety precautions given below, and throughout the manual, must be strictly adhered to, whenever the equipment is operated, serviced or repaired.

  • Page 109: Explosive Atmospheres

    Appendix A EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES NEVER OPERATE the equipment, or any sensors connected to the equipment, in a potentially explosive atmosphere. It is NOT intrinsically safe and could possibly cause an explosion. SAFETY SYMBOLS For the guidance and protection of the user, the following safety symbols may appear on the equipment: Refer to operating manual for detailed instructions of use.

  • Page 110: C. Supply

    Installation A.C. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SELECTOR Check that the setting of the line voltage selector on the rear panel corresponds with the nominal line voltage of the local a.c. supply. (The setting in use is displayed in a small window in the selector flap.) Lever open flap from here Voltage Selector...

  • Page 111: Power Cable

    Appendix A For example: (a) in the case of a 110V supply choose the "100V" setting or (b) in the case of a 230V supply choose the "220V" setting. Should you need to change the line voltage setting it is a simple matter to lift the selector flap with a thin-bladed screwdriver and turn the roller block so that the correct voltage appears in the window when the flap is closed.

  • Page 112: Accessories

    Installation ACCESSORIES Table A.2 lists the accessories which should be supplied with the instrument. If any accessories are missing contact your local supplier. Table A.2 Accessories Item User Guide 12861 Test Module Fuses: 1.6A; 20×5mm, slo blo for 220V to 240V 20×5mm, slo blo for 100V to 120V 0.625inch×0.187inch, fast blo as spares for the SI1287 internal pcb-mounted fuses.

  • Page 113: Rack Mounting

    Appendix A Should the SI1287 be required to operate in a hostile environment then it should be mounted in a protective enclosure. The instrument should always be operated within the limits of temperature, humidity and vibration stated in the SI1287 Specification.

  • Page 114: Removal Of Trims, Handle, Feet And Tilt Bar

    Installation FITTING TELESCOPIC SLIDE MOUNTING 5.3.1 Remove the following items from the unit, as shown in Fig A.3: Finisher Trim (two off) Keep the four M4 16 panhead screws and M4 crinkle washers for securing the rack ears. Handle and Handle Trim Side Trim Located on the opposite side to the handle, it is normally secured by a pip on the finisher trim, and slides out backwards.

  • Page 115: A.4 Fitting Rack Ears And Telescopic Slide Inner Members

    Appendix A Slide Mounting Bar (Solartron part no. 12862022A) Screw the bar to the chassis in the former position of the handle, using the four M4×12 csk screws. The bar only fits one way round; with the threaded holes nearest the front. The corresponding mounting bar on the left hand side of the unit should aslo be fitted behind the side trim;...

  • Page 116: Fitting A Rear Bracket

    Installation panhead screws, 6 each side. 5.3.3 Fit the following items to the telescopic slide outer members, as shown in Figures A.6 and A.7: Adjustable Rear Brackets (two off) Fit one rear bracket to each outer member, but do not fully tighten the screws until the SI1287 is fitted into the rack (see section 5.3.6) Fig A.6 Fitting a rear bracket Fixed Front Brackets together with Support Brackets (two off each)

  • Page 117: Caged Nut Insertion In Cabinets

    Appendix A 5.3.4 Fit the M6 caged nuts for outer slide members and rack ear fixing into the rack, in the positions shown in Figure A.8. Details on how to insert and remove caged nuts are also shown. Fig A.8 Caged nut insertion in cabinets 5.3.5 Remove the following items from the unit, as shown in Fig A.3: Note that the tapped holes in the nut plate are off center to provide maximum...

  • Page 118: Fitting The Outer Slide Members Into The Rack

    Installation Fig A.9 Fitting the outer slide members into the rack 5.3.6 Finally, fit the SI1287 into the rack, as follows: Offer the SI1287 up to the rack and feed the inner telescopic slide members into the outer members, pushing the unit into the rack until the locking catches engage and lock.
  • Page 119 Appendix A A.14 CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AG...

  • Page 120: Error Codes

    Error Codes Appendix B Error Codes Section Page Error / Warning Code Summary ........B.3 Group 0 : Command Structure Errors ......B.3 Group 1 : Store Errors ............B.3 Group 2 : Parametric Interaction Errors ......B.3 Group 3 : Overloads and Warnings ........B.3 Group 4 : File Errors ............
  • Page 121 Appendix B CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...
  • Page 122 Error Codes ERROR / WARNING CODE SUMMARY GROUP 0 : Command Structure Errors Unknown command. Argument mismatch. Argument out of range. Floating point format error. Illegal request for value. GROUP 1 : Store Errors Store does not exist. Store check sum error. Not enough memory for store.
  • Page 123 Appendix B The SI1287 can generate two types of overloads: measurement overloads and input overloads. Measurement Overloads are reported when the voltage or current DVMs measure a value which is too large for the measurement range. This means that the overloads can only be reported when measurements are taking place. The measurement overloads are : Message Error Number...
  • Page 124 Error Codes Input overloads are reported in the following ways : Display Message flashes on the display and the error beeper sounds (if enabled). GPIB The error bit in the serial poll register is set. The SI1287 must be queried with "?ER"...
  • Page 125 Appendix B CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...
  • Page 126 SI1287 Specification Appendix C SI1287 Specification Section Page SI1287 Specification ............C.3 Measurement Configuration ..........C.3 Polarisation ............... C.3 Digital Meters ..............C.4 Impedance Measurement ..........C.4 IR Compensation and Real Part Measurement ....C.4 Bias Rejection ..............C.5 Interface ................C.5 General ................
  • Page 127 Appendix C CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...

  • Page 128: Si1287 Specification

    SI1287 Specification SI1287 SPECIFICATION MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION Cell connections 2, 3 or 4 Terminal, all floating Working electrode current measurement resistor (R ) range 0.1Ω to 1MΩ full scale current ranges 2A to 200nA limit of error 0.1%±0.05% of range Counter electrode output voltage, wrt LO >±30V current, subject to thermal protection limits 2A...

  • Page 129: Digital Meters

    Appendix C DIGITAL METERS Resolution 3½, 4½, 5½ digits Accuracy (null in use), voltage (3½ digits) 0.05% rdg + 0.25% f.s. voltage (4½ digits) 0.05% rdg + 0.025% f.s. voltage (5½ digits) 0.05% rdg + 0.0025% f.s. maximum resolution 1µV current (3½...

  • Page 130: Bias Rejection

    SI1287 Specification BIAS REJECTION Voltage, range ±14.5V limit of error 0.2%±10mV resolution Current, ranges (full scale) 200nA to 2A limit of error 0.2%±1% of range resolution 1% of range INTERFACE Serial Port RS-423 Suitable for use with printers, display units and keyboards compatible with RS423 and RS232.

  • Page 131: Ordering Information

    Appendix C ORDERING INFORMATION SI1287 Advanced Electrochemical Interface Accessories included: 12861 Test Module User Guide Power Cord Spare Fuses 4 Leads, 1m long, BNC to 4mm 4 Croc. Clips Options: Servicing Manual (12876005) Rack-mount Ears (12862010X) Slide-mount Bars (12862022A) CSB/SI1287 User Guide/Issue AA...
  • Page 132 Index SI1287 User Guide Index Error Codes, B.3 Explosive Atmospheres, A.4 Accessories, A.7 External Connections, 2.5, 2.7 AC Supply, A.5 AC Supply Voltage, A.3 Application Software, 1.7 File, 3.34 Averaging, 3.19 Floating Point Format, 4.15 Further Reading, 1.7 Fuses, A.3, A.7 Bandwidth, 3.13 Control Loop Selection, 3.13 Limit, 3.30...
  • Page 133 Index Local Lock-out, 4.12 Low Pass Filter, 3.15 Safety Precautions, A.3, after title page Safety Symbols, A.4 Schematic, 1.4 Measurement Self Test, 3.34 Current, 1.5, 2.8 Service Request, 4.8 Voltage, 1.5 Setting Parameters, 2.7, 2.8 Measurement Configuration, C.3 Specifications, C.3 Measurement Overloads, B.4 Status, 3.34 Menu Summary, 3.36...

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