Compaq 112726-001 - ProLiant - 6500 White Paper

Dss sizing and tuning of oracle8 for windows nt on compaq servers
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DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for
Windows NT on Compaq Servers
White Paper
________________________________________________________________
Prepared By
Database Engineering
Compaq Computer Corporation
March 1998

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Summary of Contents for Compaq 112726-001 - ProLiant - 6500

  • Page 1 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers White Paper ________________________________________________________________ Prepared By Database Engineering Compaq Computer Corporation March 1998...
  • Page 2 This test is not a determination of product quality or correctness, nor does it ensure compliance with any federal, state or local requirements. Compaq does not warrant products other than its own strictly as stated in Compaq product warranties.
  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    System Global Area (SGA) Size ....................21 Program Global Area (PGA) Size....................21 Processes............................22 Windows NT..........................22 Total Memory ..........................22 Conclusion............................25 Appendix A: TPC-D Schema ........................27 Appendix B: TPC-D Query Definitions....................31 Appendix C: TPC-D Queries (SQL Code).....................35 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 4: Introduction

    DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Introduction The purpose of this document is to share the knowledge acquired by Compaq Systems Engineers in the area of configuration and performance tuning of Decision Support Systems using the Oracle8 Database and Microsoft Windows NT on Compaq servers.
  • Page 5 Each Oracle instance is associated with a specific Windows NT service and consists of a single process and multiple threads. Use the Windows NT Control Panel/Services to display the Oracle Services. OracleServiceTPCD represents the Oracle Instance TPCD as shown in Figure 2. 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 6 Page 4 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Figure 2: Control Panel/Services – Oracle8 Server instances NOTE: Performance Monitor does separate the instances on the chart, log, and report. However the instances are all identified as “oracle80”, making it very difficult to monitor multiple instances using Performance Monitor.
  • Page 7 The control and configuration files are used to store information of the state and layout of the database as well as system tunables. A more in-depth discussion of the Oracle8 Server architecture can be found in the Oracle8 Server Concepts Manual. 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 8: New Features In Oracle8 Version 8.0

    Page 6 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers New Features in Oracle8 Version 8.0 Oracle8 version 8.0 is a major upgrade from Oracle7 version 7.3 and contains many new features. The features covered in this paper are briefly outlined below. For more details on Oracle8 new features, refer to the Appendix A of the Oracle8 Server Migration Manual.
  • Page 9: Basic Tuning

    Compaq Memory Base Memory = 640 Kbytes, Linear Contiguously maps all memory so that Compaq Built-In Memory is not available at FA0000, but is instead added into extended memory. The previously reserved memory area at FE0000 is now available for use.
  • Page 10 The Windows NT Enterprise Edition increases the per-process address limit from 2GB to 3 GB. This feature benefits applications that run on Compaq ProLiant systems with more than 2 GB of physical RAM and that can take advantage of a larger address space. If you have greater than 2GB RAM, you will need to install the Windows NT Enterprise edition and modify the boot.ini...
  • Page 11 Use Control Panel/Network to choose any protocol not required for the activities on the server from the Installed Network Software List and Remove. See Figure 5. Figure 5: Control Panel/Network - network protocols 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 12 If the Oracle8 Server is dedicated to being a database server only, various services may be stopped to reduce overhead on the processor(s). The minimum service needed is OracleServiceSSSS [SSSS is the System ID], but Compaq also recommends the Server, EventLog and Workstation services. One or more services, depending upon the versions of Net8 and protocols supported, will be required to support user connections through Net8 (example, OracleTNSListener80).
  • Page 13 Page 11 Windows NT File System Compaq testing indicated a 4%-7% performance gain when using raw devices over FAT or NTFS file systems in Windows NT. Compaq recommends using FAT for the initial boot partition to allow booting from a DOS diskette in emergencies to do repair work. Windows NT and Oracle executables are placed on the FAT partition as well.
  • Page 14 Page 12 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Figure 8: Registry Editor 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 15: Tuning Goals

    Once the disk layout has been determined, the Compaq Array Configuration Utility and Windows NT Disk administrator are used to configure the disks and create the partitions. In the Compaq Array Configuration Utility, one array needs to be created for each logical disk. (i.e. If 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved...
  • Page 16: Partitioning

    Page 14 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers you have 14 disks attached to one controller, you will create 14 arrays of one disk each for RAID-0 or 7 arrays of two disks each for RAID-1.) The RAID level is specified when creating the logical disk.
  • Page 17: Parallelism

    Physical Device Selection – The frequency of partition used also impacts the selection of drives. More frequently used partitions may be moved to a faster device (i.e. moving from a Compaq 4.3-Gigabyte Ultra to a Compaq 9.1-Gigabyte drive), allowing for a decrease in the response time.
  • Page 18 Page 16 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Parallel Execution When Oracle is not parallelizing the execution of SQL statements, each SQL statement is done sequentially by a single process. With parallel execution, multiple processes work together simultaneously to execute a single SQL statement.
  • Page 19: Availability Vs. Performance

    (parity) for every x drives (data). Under RAID-5, there is a substantial performance penalty during writes of 20-35%, depending upon your application. Compaq SMART Array Controllers have the flexibility to use either one or a combination of the above RAID levels. Depending upon your database availability, performance and cost...
  • Page 20: Array Controllers

    Compaq 4.3-Gigabyte Ultra and 1-inch and 10K RPM 9.1-Gigabyte drives. For 16K block size, Compaq recommends that random I/O’s not exceed 60 I/O’s per second per drive for the 4.3- Gigabyte Ultra drives, and 75 I/O’s per second per drive for 9.1-Gigabyte drives.
  • Page 21: System Processor Scalability

    In DSS systems, it is important to determine the threshold for acceptable processor performance. This threshold will depend upon the number of users and the processor time that each will require. 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 22 Figure 11 displays results from tests on the Compaq ProLiant 5500 and 6500 servers (both Pentium Pro processors), using 3G RAM and 512K cache. They display processor scalability for 1, 2 and 4 processors.
  • Page 23: Memory Tuning

    The PGA’s size is affected by the following parameters: OPEN_LINKS DB_FILES LOG_FILES 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 24: Processes

    Figure 13 displays the different Total Query Times for a TPC-D on a Compaq ProLiant 6500, using 1M cache and 3-Gigabyte, 2- Gigabyte, 1-Gigabyte and 512-Megabyte RAM. Figure 14 displays underlying data for queries significantly impacted by the addition of RAM.
  • Page 25 NOTE: There is a constraint in Oracle8 memory usage which prohibits the Oracle process from using all 3GB of virtual address space. Figure 13: Compaq ProLiant 6500, 1M cache (3G, 2G, 1G, 512M RAM) – TPCD Query Times ProLiant 6500, 1M cache 512M Figure 14: Compaq ProLiant 6500, 1M cache (3G, 2G, 1G, 512M RAM) –...
  • Page 26 DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT – Determines how many database blocks are read with a single operating system read. The maximum I/O size of the Compaq SMART-2 controller is 64K bytes. Thus, the DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT should be set to 64K/DB_BLOCK_SIZE or a multiple thereof.
  • Page 27: Conclusion

    You will also want to evaluate the DSS performance after your system is set up and determine if any of the above tuning suggestions need to be reapplied. Don’t worry – your users will usually inform you if this is necessary. Good luck! 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation, All Rights Reserved Doc No ECG156/0398...
  • Page 28 Page 26 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers We would welcome feedback from your configurations and experiences to improve our information products in the future. Please send us any comments or suggestions on the attached form, attach addition sheets if necessary.
  • Page 29: Appendix A: Tpc-D Schema

    DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix A Appendix A: TPC-D Schema Note: SF = Scale Factor of TPC-D database (i.e. For a 100G database, SF=100) PART Table Layout Column Name Datatype Requirements Comment...
  • Page 30 Appendix A DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers CUSTOMER Table Layout Column Name Datatype Requirements Comment C_CUSTKEY identifier SF*150,000 are populated C_NAME variable text, size 25 C_ADDRESS variable text, size 40 C_NATIONKEY identifier Foreign key reference to...
  • Page 31 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix A LINEITEM Table Layout Column Name Datatype Requirements Comment L_ORDERKEY identifier Foreign key reference to O_ORDERKEY L_PARTKEY identifier Foreign key reference to PS_PARTKEY L_SUPPKEY identifier Foreign key reference to...
  • Page 32 Appendix A DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers REGION Table Layout Column Name Datatype Requirements Comment R_REGIONKEY identifier 5 regions are populated R_NAME fixed text, size 25 R_COMMENT variable text, size 152 Primary Key: R_REGIONKEY...
  • Page 33: Appendix B: Tpc-D Query Definitions

    DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix B Appendix B: TPC-D Query Definitions Query 1 - Pricing Summary Report TPC-D Business Question: Provides a summary pricing report for all Lineitems shipped as of a given date, a date always within 180 days of the greatest shipdate contained in the database.
  • Page 34 Appendix B DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers year out of seven). The largest detail table has no direct selection applied to it. Five rows are returned, constituting the revenue for each nation in the selected region.
  • Page 35 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix B Query 11 – Important Stock Identification TPC-D Business Question: Finds, from scanning the available stock of Suppliers in a given Nation, all the Parts that represent a significant percentage of the total value of all available Parts. The query displays the part number and the value of those Parts in descending order of value.
  • Page 36 Appendix B DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Functionality: Query 15 requires either a view with aggregates or a temporary table. In the view, 1/28th of the Lineitems (3 months) are selected based on date and aggregated on Supplier. Close to all the Suppliers in the database will participate as output from this first step aggregation.
  • Page 37: Appendix C: Tpc-D Queries (Sql Code)

    DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix C Appendix C: TPC-D Queries (SQL Code) Query 1 – Original SELECT L_RETURNFLAG, L_LINESTATUS, SUM(L_QUANTITY) AS SUM_QTY, SUM(L_EXTENDEDPRICE) AS SUM_BASE_PRICE, SUM(L_EXTENDEDPRICE * (1 - L_DISCOUNT)) AS SUM_DISC_PRICE,...
  • Page 38 Appendix C DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Query 3 – Original set_fetchrows=10; SELECT L_ORDERKEY, SUM(L_EXTENDEDPRICE*(1-L_DISCOUNT)) AS REVENUE, TO_CHAR(O_ORDERDATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), O_SHIPPRIORITY FROM CUSTOMER, ORDERS, LINEITEM WHERE C_MKTSEGMENT = 'MACHINERY' AND C_CUSTKEY = O_CUSTKEY AND L_ORDERKEY = O_ORDERKEY AND O_ORDERDATE <...
  • Page 39 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix C Query 6 – Original SELECT SUM(L_EXTENDEDPRICE * L_DISCOUNT) AS REVENUE FROM LINEITEM WHERE L_SHIPDATE >= TO_DATE('1997-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD') AND L_SHIPDATE < ADD_MONTHS(TO_DATE('1997-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'),12) AND L_DISCOUNT BETWEEN 0.04 - 0.01 AND 0.04 + 0.01 AND L_QUANTITY <...
  • Page 40 Appendix C DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers AND L_ORDERKEY = O_ORDERKEY AND O_CUSTKEY = C_CUSTKEY AND C_NATIONKEY = N1.N_NATIONKEY AND N1.N_REGIONKEY = R_REGIONKEY Query 8 – Variant B (Con’t.) AND R_NAME = 'AMERICA' AND S_NATIONKEY = N2.N_NATIONKEY...
  • Page 41 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix C AND O_ORDERDATE < ADD_MONTHS(TO_DATE('1995-01-01' ,'YYYY-MM-DD'),3) AND L_RETURNFLAG = 'R' AND C_NATIONKEY = N_NATIONKEY GROUP BY C_CUSTKEY, C_NAME, C_ACCTBAL, C_PHONE, N_NAME, C_ADDRESS, C_COMMENT ORDER BY REVENUE DESC;...
  • Page 42 Appendix C DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers LOW_LINE_COUNT FROM ORDERS, LINEITEM WHERE O_ORDERKEY = L_ORDERKEY AND L_SHIPMODE IN ('SHIP','RAIL') AND L_COMMITDATE < L_RECEIPTDATE AND L_SHIPDATE < L_COMMITDATE Query 12 – Variant B (Con’t.) AND L_RECEIPTDATE >= TO_DATE('1993-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD')
  • Page 43 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix C INSERT INTO SUM_PROMO_SALES0 SELECT SUM(AMOUNT) FROM ALL_SALES0 WHERE TYPE LIKE 'PROMO%'; Query 14 – Variant C (Con’t.) INSERT INTO SUM_ALL_SALES0 SELECT SUM(AMOUNT) FROM ALL_SALES0; SELECT 100.00*PROMO_AMOUNT/ALL_AMOUNT AS PROMO_REVENUE FROM SUM_PROMO_SALES0, SUM_ALL_SALES0;...
  • Page 44 Appendix C DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Query 16 – Original SELECT P_BRAND, P_TYPE, P_SIZE, COUNT(DISTINCT PS_SUPPKEY) AS SUPPLIER_CNT FROM PARTSUPP,PARTS Query 16 – Original (Con’t.) WHERE P_PARTKEY = PS_PARTKEY AND P_BRAND <> 'Brand#25'...
  • Page 45 DSS Sizing and Tuning of Oracle8 for Windows NT on Compaq Servers Appendix C User Registration/Evaluation Form Please fill out and return to us this registration/evaluation form to help us keep you up to date with future revisions of this document and related new information products. Your effort will help us improve the quality of the future information products.

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