Related Manuals for KEXINSHE KC761 Series
Summary of Contents for KEXINSHE KC761 Series
- Page 1 Nuclear radiation analyzer KC761x (Radiation Spectrometer and Dosimeter) User Manual Support version FW V1.7 科新社...
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Page 2: Executive Summary
Shi Congwei, Xu Nuo, Yang Tianhao, Ke Wei KC761x Multifunctional Handheld Energy Spectrum Analyzer User Manual Author(s): Liu Hu （Kechuang Institute） KEXINSHE Correspondence to the Agency: 028-86691700 6th edition, October 2024 Opening: 841×1189 1/64 First printing October 2024 sheet count: 0.5... - Page 3 Security matters In this brochure: "Dangerous" means a matter that may result in personal injury; "Warning" means a matter that may lead to the loss of equipment or a major error; "Important" refers to a statement that requires special attention. Dangerous Disassemble the sensor module.
- Page 4 To the extent permitted by law, the maximum liability of the manufacturer shall be the purchase price, regardless of damages, and shall not be liable for any loss of time, business, inconvenience, profit, abuse, or any conse- quential damages. The manufacturer's decision to repair, replace or return the product and refund the purchase price is the sole remedy for the user and the purchaser.
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Page 5: Packing List
Packing list Spectrometer………… 1pc Carrying rope…………1pc User manual ………… 1copy Power supply method One of the following power supply methods can be used a. (1) 5AA NiMH battery × 3, nominal voltage 1.2V; or, (2) 5AA/LR6 dry cell batteries×3, including carbon, alkaline batteries and disposable lithium- iron batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.5V.It should be used correctly and maintained properly according to the requirements of the battery manufac- turer. -
Page 6: Warranty
Not suitable for applications requiring extremely high reliability. This instrument may go down or malfunction under certain types and intensities of radiation exposure. Warranty The instrument is guaranteed for 1 year or an accumulated dose of 10Gy(excluding neutron exposure), whichever comes first. The warranty period of the optional sensor is determined separately. -
Page 7: Environmental Protection
The repaired equipment must not be radioactive or contaminated with other dangerous substances, and the activity of induction radioactivity must not exceed 2.5nCi, otherwise the user will be held responsible. Environmental Protection This instrument contains plastic housing, circuit board and its attached electronic components, metal parts (brass, iron and nickel, tin plating), glass, silicone rubber seals and scintillation crystals and other parts. -
Page 8: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents 1、Overview ......................1 1.1、Principle of energy spectrometer............2 1.1.1、Scintillation detector ..............3 1.1.2、Semiconductor Detectors ............4 1.1.3、Multi-channel analyzer .............. 5 1.1.4、Neutron Sensor ................7 1.2、Energy Resolution................. 9 1.3、Dose rate .................... 10 2、Instrument features and functions..............13 2.1、Product highlight ................13 2.2、Sensors .................... -
Page 9: 1、Overview
1、Overview An energy spectrometer is a powerful radiation testing instrument, usu- ally used to test the energy and magnitude of rays. The common Geiger counter is an old and simple instrument, which usu- ally can only determine the strength of the radiation. In order to clarify the nature of the radiation, the easy way is to determine both the energy and the magnitude of the radiation, which requires an energy spectrometer. -
Page 10: Principle Of Energy Spectrometer
usually recommend measurements in vacuum. And it can be roughly as- sumed that the γ-rays are only attenuated in strength, the energy always remains the same. In the case of visible light, for example, strength (magnitude) refers to brightness; energy refers to the color, where color and brightness are sepa- rate concepts from each other. -
Page 11: Scintillation Detector
charge, and the relatively direct measurement by measuring the amount of charge transferred, is called a semiconductor detector. This instrument uses the method(1) for γ-rays and neutrons (optional) and the method(2) for α and β-rays. 1.1.1、Scintillation detector The composition of the gamma scintillator is thallium-activated cesium iodide crystals (standard). -
Page 12: Semiconductor Detectors
and then sends it to the ADC for sampling. After the ADC completes one sampling, the CPU immediately resets the analog circuitry and waits for the next pulse to arrive. In the extreme case, 30,000 pulses can be collected per second, which corresponds to a dose rate of approximately 0.3 mGy/h. -
Page 13: Multi-Channel Analyzer
higher-energy α-rays can pass through, although they will lose energy and quantity. When the rubber cover is open, trace amounts of light will still leak in under bright light, so it should not be used under bright light. For testing the energy spectrum of α-rays, a dark vacuum environment is usually used. - Page 14 other voltages it does not respond. In research, one such counter is referred to as a channel, and the corresponding product is called a "single-channel analyzer" (SCA). When a more comprehensive amplitude classification is needed, either dozens or hundreds of single-channel analyzers are used, or the voltage range of the single-channel analyzer response is regularly ad- justed.
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Page 15: Neutron Sensor
For example, if an instrument picks up 10,000 pulses, there are 9,998 in 1,000 channels and 2 in 333 channels, so it is possible to know the energy corresponding to 1,000 channels, for example, there are 9,998 copies of 1 MeV rays and 2 copies of 333 channels corresponding to 382 keV rays. - Page 16 may be a neutron. Lithium glass is also sensitive to Gamma rays and can be interfered with by Gamma rays. The KC761x must select the energies to remove the response caused by Gamma rays. The energy peak of a neutron reaction with a Li nucleus is approximately equivalent to the peak of a 1.6 MeV Gamma ray.
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Page 17: Energy Resolution
Neutrons from radioactive sources or cosmic rays usually have MeV en- ergies and need to be moderated before they can be measured. Hydrogen is the best moderating substance and objects rich in hydrogen are good mod- erators. When measuring neutrons, polyethylene plastic, water or human tissue should be used to slow the neutrons. -
Page 18: Dose Rate
purity germanium detectors (for γ-rays) are still the highest resolution. How- ever, these detectors are more expensive, and some require high-voltage power supplies or refrigeration, and cannot be used for the time being in products such as the KC761x, which aims at widespread availability of the new technology. - Page 19 the kinetic energy, according to the different radiation hazards on the differ- ent corrections, reflecting “equivalent” to how much absorbed dose of harm. The correction factor (conversion factor) is artificially defined. For example, for fast neutrons, the correction factor is set at 20 (for whole body radiation, same below), for 80 keV roentgen rays it is 1.903, for 600 keV gamma rays it is 1.226.
- Page 20 stronger low-energy rays. Depending on the compensation curve, this may cause complex errors. Therefore, the dose rate accuracy of the KC761x is only accurate for the radioactive material used for calibration. The error increases when measur- ing other radiation sources such as thorium-uranium mixtures in the environment.
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Page 21: 2、Instrument Features And Functions
2、Instrument features and functions The parts of the instrument are shown in the figure below: 2.1、Product highlight （1）Feature-rich Equipped with 2.54cm cesium iodide (thallium) scintillation detector and 16mm PIN detector as standard, it can measure α, β and γ rays. Each sensor has a separate multi-channel analyzer, all of which can per- form spectral analysis and counting. -
Page 22: Sensors
（4）Full range of interfaces With Bluetooth and RJ45 network interface, it can be connected to smartphone and computers. RJ45 interface supports POE power supply, no need to set up another power supply, convenient for deployment construc- tion. TF card can be used to store spectra and screen shot. 3.5mm jack can be used with headphones or output the pulse of sensor. -
Page 23: Instrument Performance
10×10×25.4mm CsI(Tl) crystal, 36mm SiPM, resolution about 6.2% (KC761C)or 5.9%(KC761CN), all products ≤6.5% or 6.2%. （5）KC7601.31 (For KC761CN or optional for KC761A/B/C) 10×10×3mm Li glass, 36mm SiPM. Except the PIN sensor, all sensors have built-in memory for calibration data. Do not attempt to disassemble the sensor and do not squeeze the sensor housing. - Page 24 （4）Dose equivalent rate of γ-rays (not guaranteed) ≤100μSv/h with typical uncertainty ±15% ＞100μSv/h with typical uncertainty -50%～+100% Dose equivalent (Typical value at ≤100μSv/h, only for KC761x): HP(0.07): ±30%，HP(3): ±20% Dose equivalent accumulation limit: ～10Sv （5）α and β ray measurement Amplitude scale: count rate is provided for relative measurement, abso- lute accuracy is not guaranteed, and users can calibrate it by themselves.
- Page 25 Long-term stability: typical value of amplitude drift ±10%/a, typical value of energy drift for KC761A/B is (±5%+10keV)/a; for KC761C/CN is ±(2%+5keV)/a (temporarily not guaranteed). （9）Power consumption and battery life The expected endurance time when using alkaline dry batteries under nat- ural background radiation environment is as follows: CsI Sensor PIN sensor...
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Page 26: 3、Instrument Installation
3、Instrument installation The instrument is shipped without batteries. If the instrument is used as a fixed sensor it should not install batteries and powered by USB or POE only. If used as a portable test device, batteries should be installed. 3.1、Battery installation The battery cover has a waterproof seal and is blocked by a back clip. - Page 27 Load three 5AA batteries according to the direction marked in the battery box. Pay attention to the shape of the spring is normal to avoid being pressed under the batteries. Reinstall the battery cover in the reverse order. Battery cover is more dif- ficult to install, first plug the tail lug into the positioning hole, and then press close to the screw side with force several times, while attention to the state of the waterproof seal.
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Page 28: Fixed Installation
3.2、Fixed installation If you need to fix the instrument in a certain position for long-term mon- itoring, etc., you can remove the back clip and fix it using the screw holes of the back clip. The screw diameter is φ3mm, and the maximum length of screwing into the instrument is less than 4mm. -
Page 29: Enable Network(Bluetooth)
the instrument. Re-cover the rubber plug after installation. TF cards have a maximum capacity of 32GB and need to be formatted to FAT32 file system before installation. Some cards are not compatible. Please try to store data to the TF card with the instrument first and confirm that the data is normal before using it officially. - Page 30 If need to output audio or pulse, it needs to be turned on in the software FUNC setting. Four-segment pins must be used, and the PULSE output must not be short-circuited over time. The raw pulse width is about 10μs and cannot be directly sampled by sound card.
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Page 31: 4、Operation Guide
4、Operation Guide This guide focuses on the human-machine interaction and operation logic of the instrument, and it is recommended that users read it completely. This manual defaults to the user being able to understand the operating principles and master the operating essentials on their own through trial and error, and does not require a detailed description of all operating steps. - Page 32 （1）Power Switch Short press the power switch to power on in the off state. In the power-on state, press the power switch 1s to popup power off dialog menu. When power off dialog menu popup, short press power switch or confirm button to power off.
- Page 33 The FUNC-Advanced menu allows you to set the items to be stored and configure the automatic storage function. （5）Function Selection（MODE） Short press to enter the function selection menu, use the menu selection key to select the function you need to use. Press and hold for 1s to enter the sensor selection menu.
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Page 34: Function Description
the alarm indicator flashes differentl. Generally, low-level alarms use single-color flashing, and high-level alarms use multi-color flashing, such as red, white and blue alternately. Alarms are always sounding. The volume of low-level alarm tones de- pends on the system settings and can be adjusted in FUNC-Sound and Display. -
Page 35: Basic Mode
dose is cleared or the alarm threshold is adjusted upward, so that the alarm can be eliminated before entering the power-saving state again. To avoid misunderstanding, Auto Power Off (APO) and Auto Power Save cannot work at the same time, only one of them can be turned on. The automatic power off (APO) function only takes effect when the battery is used alone. -
Page 36: Sensor Selection
4.2.3、Sensor Selection In Energy Spectrum Priority and Dose Priority modes, press and hold the MODE key to enter the sensor selection menu. Sensors can also be switched in the FUNC-radiation sensor selection. The currently used sensor is indi- cated in the status bar at the top of the display. Among them CsI: scintillation detector (standard), In left sensor slot. -
Page 37: Nuclide Identification
long intervals vibration. Critical alarm: a sharp beep or alarm sound, alarm indicator multi-color alternating high light flashing, vibration twice and cycle. After the alarm is issued, if the instrument is low on power, the system automatically turns off the vibration, reduces the brightness of the alarm light, and the sound signal unchanged. - Page 38 vicinity, they are not easy to recognize them. Auxiliary manual identification Manually move the cursor to the top of the characteristic peaks on the energy spectrum, if the energy value corresponding to the cursor is similar to the energy of the radiation emitted by a certain isotope, the instrument will display a vertical dotted line in the position corresponding to all the radiation energies of the isotope, and at the same time display the symbols of the isotope.
- Page 39 (2) Automatic Identification KC761 will recognize all the peaks it can find, and by comparing with the nuclide library, the nuclide with the highest correlation will be recognized as the result. The automatic identification based on the spectrum measure- ment on that time, and the identification result is only for reference, should to check with manual identification.
- Page 40 Many isotopes produce radiation in the low-energy region (<250keV), re- sulting in a very crowded low-energy region, even one energy corresponding to multiple nuclides. The low-energy region is in turn char- acterized by the presence of a large amount of background radiation, which can lead to spectral bulges even in the absence of noteworthy rays.
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Page 41: Auto Save
peak on the right contour cue line at all, so the presence of 24Na can be ruled out. Trace Optimization can be turned on to highlight the peaks in the high - energy region. If conditions permit, try to correct the energy before the test, see section 5.1. -
Page 42: Menu Settings
away from the previous storage and will not be postponed to 4:07. Please set the date and time correctly in the FUNC menu. (4) Enable Spectrum Incremental Save. Ticked by default. If cleared, the spectrogram is re-accumulated, and each time the spectrogram is stored au- tomatically, it is the spectrogram in the previous cycle. -
Page 43: Mode Menu
The menu is designed to be logical, simple and easy to remember, and the number of levels is not a priority. 4.3.1、MODE menu Short press MODE to enter the mode selection menu, and short press MODE again to return to the mode main menu of the current mode. The mode selection menu is shown in the table below. - Page 44 The [Secondary Menu] Cursor/MARKER menu options are as follows: Option Name Function Notes Peak Find Find the peaks in the display area in or- PEAK der to the right Move the cursor to Move to the left of the current cursor po- Long press to move LEFT the left...
- Page 45 If the total count of the current spectrum is more than 100kC after pressing the Save background option, it will prompt on the secondary confirmation dialogue box that the old data will be overwritten and display the options of Confirm/OK and Cancel/CANCEL; if the total count is less than 100kC, it will prompt that the total count is insufficient and cannot be set as the background, so please continue to accumulate it and try again.
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Page 46: Func Menu
4.3.2、FUNC Menu The FUNC menu has more content and is displayed in a list. At the bottom of the FUNC menu list, the soft menu shows two options, ENTER and BACK. The FUNC menu has a cursor that uses the reverse color to indicate the position. - Page 47 switching off after a set period of time. Waiting time to enable 1~600 minutes APS Time Delay APS mode Waiting time to enable 1~600 minutes APO Time Delay APO mode ALARM Alarm function settings γAlarm Setting Gamma alarm threshold CPS and Dose Rate threshold Neu Alarm Setting Neutron alarm threshold CPS and Dose Rate threshold...
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Page 48: Other Matters To Be Clarified
4.4、Other matters to be clarified (1) The energy spectrometer may receive radiation above the upper energy limit, at which time counts will still be generated and the energy will accu- mulate to a number of channel sites near the highest. Therefore, the peak on the far right of the spectrum(Ch1600~Ch2047) is the sum of all pulses above its energy reading, and the peak position is not real. - Page 49 neutron detector (optional), the moderator is on the side near the window. The scintillator in the neutron detector is a thin Li glass, and the direction of incidence of neutrons should maximise the use of the cross-sectional area of the lithium glass, i.e. from a direction parallel to the long axis of the in- strument.
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Page 50: Find Unknown Sources
The distance between the radiation source and the instrument should be as close as possible without exceeding 10kcps. In the energy spectrum pri- ority mode, the instrument will use the length of the light column to indicate the radiation intensity, you can adjust the distance between the instrument and the radiation source, so that the light column is located in the recom- mended range. - Page 51 The KC761x does not have a search mode. The so-called search mode essentially cancels the smoothing and updates the count rate in real time as much as possible. This can be achieved through proper software configura- tion. When searching for an unknown source, the length of time can be appropriately reduced in the FUNC-Advanced-Sensor Max Smoothing Window setting, e.g.
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Page 52: Protecting The Quality Of Energy Spectra
Shielding panels as well as bodies can also be used to shield the rays and provide directionality, but are not always effective for neutron sources. To reduce fluorescence, copper shielding should be used. The dose rate and the distance from the source are squarely decreasing. Moving the instrument in the direction of the source, the distance to the source can be initially estimated based on the trend of the dose rate becom- ing larger or decreasing. -
Page 53: 5、Maintenance
5、Maintenance This product does not normally require special care, but there are still some issues that need attention in order to keep the instrument in good con- dition. 5.1、Stability of the energy scale and calibration As described in Chapter 1, the spectrometer corresponds photons through flash, photoelectric conversion, charge-voltage conversion, pulse shaping, and analog-to-digital conversion. -
Page 54: Use Of Batteries
source by the energy read to get the scaling factor. Enter this factor into the instrument as a percentage. Each sensor needs to be tested and entered sep- arately. To minimize errors, the energy of the known source should be located as close as possible to the 500 keV to 1.5 MeV range. - Page 55 6.0V (1V to 2V/cell). The low voltage alarm point is set at 3.2V, and the protection shutdown point is set at the lowest available voltage of 3V. When the battery voltage is lower than the protection point, the automatic shutdown prompt will be displayed and the buzzer will beep one long time every minute.
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Page 56: Use Of External Power Supply
use rough paper to wipe the electrode and spring surface of the battery com- partment. Before storing data (SAVE button) operation, please check the battery power and try to use external power supply. Since writing to a TF card consumes a lot of power, if the battery is close to being exhausted or the contact is poor, the moment you press the store button may cause the voltage to drop, resulting in data loss. - Page 57 are defective. (2) Wipe the shell with clean water, do not use alcohol or other organic solvents. Be careful to avoid dirt into the crevices of the keyboard. (3) If the instrument is drenched with water, it should be dried with an absorbent material first, and then shake out the water in the keyboard and speaker holes in the direction of the front panel.
- Page 59 NOTES...
- Page 60 FCCID 2BC3C-KC761 KC761...
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