Page 1 User’s Guide HP EPM E4419A EPM-442A Power Meter HP Part no. E4419-90000 April 23, 1997 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 2 © Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company All rights reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws. Printed in the UK. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 3: Legal Information
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to HP from another country.
Page 4: Limitation Of Warranty
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Exclusive Remedies THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
Page 5: Equipment Operation
For continued protection against ﬁre hazard, replace the line fuse(s) only with fuses of the same type and rating (for example, normal blow, time delay, etc.). The use of other fuses or material is prohibited. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 6: General Safety Considerations
This terminal is for use where the earthing cannot be assured. At least an 18AWG earthing conductor should be used in such an instance, to ground the instrument to an assured earth terminal. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 7: Iec 1010-1 Compliance
Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition. The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 8: Regulatory Information
Australian EMC Regulations The C-Tick mark is a registered trademark of the Spectrum Management Agency of Australia. This signiﬁes compliance with the Australian EMC Framework Regulations under the terms of the Radiocommunications Act of 1992. viii HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 9: Declaration Of Conformity
West Lothian, EH30 9TG. Scotland, United Kingdom. Declares that the product: Product Name: Power Meter Model Number(s): HP EPM-441A and HP EPM-442A Product Option(s): Conforms to the following Product Speciﬁcations: Safety : EN61010-1:1993/IEC 1010-1:1990+A1/CSA C22.2 No. 1010-1:1993 EN60825-1:1994/IEC 825-1:1993 Class 1...
Page 10: List Of Related Publications
List of Related Publications List of Related Publications The HP EPM-442A User’s Guide is also available in the following languages: • English Language User’s Guide - Standard • German Language User’s Guide - Option ABD • Spanish Language User’s Guide - Option ABE •...
Page 11: Hp Epm-442A Options
HP EPM-442A Options HP EPM-442A Options The HP EPM-442A power meters have the following options available: • Option 002, supplies parallel rear panel sensor input(s). The power reference oscillator output is on the front panel. • Option 003, supplies parallel rear panel sensor input(s). The power reference oscillator output is also on the rear panel.
Page 12: About This Guide
This chapter lists the error messages that may appear as you are working with the power meter. Each description contains information to help you diagnose and solve the problem. Chapter 5: Speciﬁcations This chapter lists the power meter’s speciﬁcations and describes how to interpret these speciﬁcations. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 13: Table Of Contents
Regulatory Information ............. viii Sound Emission ..............viii Australian EMC Regulations..........viii Declaration of Conformity ............ix List of Related Publications ............x HP EPM-442A Options ..............xi Available Accessories ............xi About this Guide ................. xii Getting Started ..................1-1 Introduction................... 1-2 Turning On the Power Meter ............
Page 14 Power Sensors................. 2-5 Making Measurements with the HP E-Series Power Sensors ................2-8 Procedure ................2-8 Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors ................2-10 Procedure ................2-10 Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables... 2-13 Selecting a Sensor Calibration Table ........2-13 Making the Measurement............
Page 15 Meter ..................5-3 Accuracy .................. 5-4 Power Reference ..............5-5 Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics........ 5-6 Power Reference ..............5-6 Measurement Speed ............... 5-6 Zero Drift of Sensors............... 5-7 Measurement Noise..............5-7 Settling Time ................5-9 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide Contents-3 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 16 Environmental Characteristics ............ 5-14 General Conditions..............5-14 Operating Environment ............5-14 Storage Conditions ..............5-14 General ..................5-15 Dimensions ................5-15 Weight ..................5-15 Safety ..................5-15 Remote Programming ............5-15 Non-Volatile Memory ............. 5-15 Contents-4 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 17 Digital and Analog Display ............2-38 2-13 Test Setup for Recording Swept Measurements ...... 2-43 2-14 “Save/Recall” Screen ..............2-46 2-15 How Measurements are Calculated.......... 2-47 2-16 Replacing the Fuse ..............2-56 Error Annunciator Position............4-2 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide Contents-5 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 18 Contents-6 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 19: List Of Tables
List of Tables Page Connecting the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors During Calibration ................. 2-7 Measurement Units ..............2-22 ....................3-11 Zero Set Specifications .............. 5-4 Noise Multiplier ................. 5-7 Power Sensor Specifications............5-8 Settling Time ................5-9 Settling Time ................5-10 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide...
Page 20 Contents-8 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 21: Getting Started
Getting Started www.valuetronics.com...
Page 22: Introduction
When some hardkeys are selected the corresponding softkey labels are displayed on the power meter display. If you are using the power meter remotely refer to the HP EPM-441A/442A Programming Guide for remote operating details. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 23: Turning On The Power Meter
Prior to making your ﬁrst measurement you must zero and calibrate the sensor and meter combination. Refer to Chapter 2 for further information if you are not familiar with zeroing, calibrating or making measurements with a power meter. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 24: The Front Panel At A Glance
However, if you are in remote mode (that is, HP-IB operation), then pressing this hardkey places the power meter in local mode provided local lock out (LLO) is not enabled.
Page 25 Inputs the general power meter system setup, (for example the HP-IB address) and also to softkey menus which effect the setup of the channel inputs. Refer to Chapter 3 for further information about this hardkey and it’s softkey menu.
Page 26 This hardkey allows you to move back one level in the Prev softkey menu. Repeatedly pressing accesses a menu which Prev allows you to increase and decrease the display contrast. 12. Softkeys. These four keys are used to make a selection from the menus. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 27: The Display Layout
1. The status reporting line displays ﬁve ﬁelds, three associated with the HP-IB status and two associated with error and warning conditions. The ﬁrst ﬁeld displays either “RMT” (remote, HP-IB operation) or “LCL” (local, front panel operation). The second ﬁeld displays “TLK”...
Page 28 14. This ﬁeld displays “Dty Cyc” if a duty cycle is set. This allows you to measure the power of a pulsed signal. Refer to “Measuring Pulsed Signals”, on page 2-30 for further information. 15. This ﬁeld displays the currently selected frequency or calibration factor. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 29: Selecting Your Display Layout
Measurement Type Measurement Type A, B, A/B, B/A, A, B, A/B, B/A, Digital Analog A-B, B-A A-B, B-A Display Display Select using Meas , Display Format Setup Digital Analog Digital Analog Display Display Display Display HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 30: Display Tutorial
4.Press . The display now only shows one window. This is the analog window which was selected in the previous step. 5.Press . The display now shows only the digital window. 1-10 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 31 B over channel A ratio measurement. 8. Press to select the lower window. Press . Notice that the lower window is now set up to make a channel A over channel B ratio measurement. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 1-11 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 32: Window Symbols
The symbol may appear directly in the measurement window or in a pop up window. It may appear, for example, during, zeroing or calibration. 1-12 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 33: Of N Entry Window
This pop up window is displayed when you are required to modify numeric or alphanumeric data. The keys move the position of the cursor. keys increment and decrement the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 1-13 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 34: The Rear Panel At A Glance
6. Fuse An F3.15AH fuse is installed for all voltage supplies. 7. HP-IB The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus allows the power meter to be controlled remotely. 1-14 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 35 Getting Started The Rear Panel at a Glance 8. Serial Label Each power meter has it’s own individual identiﬁcation number. Refer to “Instrument serial numbers”, on page 2-58 for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 1-15 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 36: Adjusting The Carrying Handle
Adjusting the Carrying Handle Adjusting the Carrying Handle To adjust the position, grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward. Rotate the handle to the desired position. Bench top viewing positions Carrying position 1-16 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 37: Rack Mounting The Power Meter
You can mount the power meter in a standard 19 inch rack cabinet using one of three optional kits. Instructions and mounting hardware are included with each rack mounting kit. Any HP System II instrument can be rack mounted beside the HP EPM-442A power meter.
Page 38 To rack mount two instruments side by side, order option 909, or lock-link kit 5061-9694 and ﬂange kit 5063-9212. To install one or two instruments in a sliding support shelf, order shelf 5063-9255, and slide kit 1494-0015 (for a single instrument, also order ﬁller panel 5002-3999). 1-18 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 39: Power Meter Operation
Power Meter Operation www.valuetronics.com...
Page 40: Introduction
“Zeroing the Power Meter”, on page 2-3. • “Calibrating the Power Meter”, on page 2-4. • “Making Measurements with the HP E-Series Power Sensors”, on page 2-8. • “Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors”, on page 2-10.
Page 41: Zeroing The Power Meter
C change in temperature occurs. • when you change the power sensor. • every 24 hours. • prior to measuring low level signals. For example, 10 dB above the lowest speciﬁed power for your power sensor. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 42: Calibrating The Power Meter
An essential part of calibrating is setting the correct reference calibration factor for the power sensor you are using. The HP 8480 series power sensors require you to set the reference calibration factor. The HP E-series power sensors set the reference calibration factor automatically.
Page 43: Calibration Procedure Using Hp E-Series Power Sensors
HP E-series power sensor’s calibration table there is no requirement to enter the reference calibration factor. The power meter identiﬁes that an HP E-series power sensor is connected and will not allow you to select certain softkeys. The text on these softkeys appears grayed out.
Page 44 Connect the channel A power sensor to the POWER REF output. • Press Cal A • Remove the channel A power sensor from the POWER REF output. • Connect the channel B power sensor to the POWER REF output. • Press Cal B HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 45: Connecting The Hp 8480 Series Power Sensors During Calibration
HP 8481H HP 8482A HP 8482H HP 8481D Prior to the power meter being calibrated an HP 11708A 30 dB HP 8484A reference attenuator should be connected between the power sensor and the reference calibrator. This attenuator must be removed from the power sensor input prior to making measurements.
Page 46: Making Measurements With The Hp E-Series Power Sensors
Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP E-Series Power Sensors Making Measurements with the HP E-Series Power Sensors This section describes how to make continuous wave measurements using the HP E-series power sensors. The HP E-series power sensors have their sensor calibration tables stored in EEPROM.
Page 47 , or 11. The measurement result is now displayed. Example To make a measurement on channel A using an HP E-series power sensor. The frequency of the signal to be measured is 100 MHz. • Disconnect the power sensor from any source.
Page 48: Making Measurements With The Hp 8480 Series Power Sensors
Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors This section applies to all HP 8480 series power sensors. It does not apply to the HP E-series power sensors. For the HP 8480 series power sensors there are two methods of providing...
Page 49 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors 6. The current setting of the reference calibration factor is displayed under the softkey. To change this setting press A Ref CF . The power meter displays the reference calibration A Ref CF factor in a pop up window.
Page 50 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors • Press . Use the hardkeys to A Ref CF enter 99.8. Press • Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. • Press Cal A Frequency •...
Page 51: Making Measurements Using Sensor Calibration Tables
Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables This section applies to all HP 8480 series power sensors. It does not apply to the HP E-series power sensors. For the HP 8480 series power sensors there are two methods of providing...
Page 52: Making The Measurement
4. Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 5. Press to calibrate the power meter. During calibration the Cal A wait symbol is displayed. (The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output.) 2-14 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 53: Editing Sensor Calibration Tables
You can edit sensor calibration tables using the “Edit Cal” menu as shown in Figure 2-2. To view the sensor calibration tables currently stored in the power meter, System press . The “Sensr Tabs” screen is Sensor Cal Tables Inputs displayed as shown in Figure 2-1. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-15 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 54: Edit Cal" Screen
Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Figure 2-2: “Edit Cal” Screen 2-16 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 55 100%. This sensor calibration table can be used during the performance testing of the power meter. 2. The HP 8482B and HP 8482H power sensors use the same data as the HP 8482A. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-17 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 56 If you measure a signal with a frequency outside the frequency range deﬁned in the sensor calibration table, the power meter uses the highest or lowest frequency point in the sensor calibration table to calculate the calibration factor. 2-18 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 57 3 MHz 98.4 14 GHz 93.2 10 MHz 99.3 15 GHz 30 MHz 98.7 16 GHz 100 MHz 97.8 17 GHz 92.7 300 MHz 97.5 18 GHz 91.8 1 GHz 97.2 2 GHz 96.4 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-19 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 58 94.4 34.5 GHz 36 GHz 93.7 35 GHz 97.6 37 GHz 94.9 36 GHz 38 GHz 93.5 37 GHz 98.2 39 GHz 93.9 38 GHz 97.4 40 GHz 92.3 39 GHz 97.6 40 GHz 2-20 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 59 86.4 29 GHz 94.4 48 GHz 85.3 30 GHz 49 GHz 84.7 31 GHz 93.7 50 GHz 82.9 32 GHz 93.8 33 GHz 34 GHz 93.2 34.5 GHz 93.5 35 GHz 93.1 36 GHz HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-21 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 60: Setting The Units Of Measurement
Relative Mode On Measurement Mode Linear Linear Single Channel Watt Ratio Difference Watt is “On”) 1. When relative mode is on (that is, Rel Off On , the Offset measurement is compared to a reference value. 2-22 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 61: Selecting Units Of Measurement From The Softkeys
Some softkeys may be grayed out so that an invalid value cannot Note be entered. Pressing Increment Multiplier Decrement Multiplier increases or decreases the multiplier shown in front of . Pressing after the correct multiplier has been selected conﬁrms the entry. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-23 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 62: Making Relative Measurements
“On” when is pressed. Rel Off On Successive measurements are now displayed relative to the reference value. The relative mode can be disabled and re-enabled simply by pressing Rel Off On 2-24 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 63: Setting The Resolution
. The current setting of the resolution is highlighted Setup on the softkey. Resolution 1 2 3 4 2. To change this setting press until the Resolution 1 2 3 4 required resolution setting is highlighted. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-25 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 64: Setting Offsets
The display offset function provides a method for entering display offset values. If either a channel or a display offset is set then “Ofs” is displayed. To enter a display offset on the currently selected window: 1. Press Offset Offset 2-26 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 65: Effect Of Offsets On A Channel Measurement
Offset METER DISPLAY † Offset ChB Input ChB Input with Ch Offset System † Channel Offset entered using A Input Settings Inputs B Input Settings Offset More Offset †† Display Offset entered using Offset HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-27 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 66: Setting Averaging
Figure 2-5 lists the number of readings averaged for each range and resolution when the power meter is in auto ﬁlter mode and is set to normal speed mode (refer to the HP EPM-441A/442A Programming Guide for details of the readings averaged in the other speed modes).
Page 67: Averaged Readings
3. To conﬁrm your choice press Enter is automatically set to “On” when a value is Filter Off On entered using Filter The ﬁlter can be disabled and re-enabled simply by pressing Filter Off On HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-29 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 68: Measuring Pulsed Signals
The allowable range of values is 0.001 % to 100 %. The default value is 1.000%. If duty cycle is enabled then “Dty Cyc” is displayed. Pulse measurements are not recommended using HP ECP-series Note power sensors. An example of a pulsed signal is shown in Figure 2-6.
Page 69 Other pulse shapes (such as triangle, chirp or Gaussian) will cause erroneous results. The pulse power on/off ratio must be much greater than the duty cycle ratio. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-31 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 70: Setting Measurement Limits
Limits can be disabled and re-enabled simply by pressing Limits Off On A typical application for this feature is shown in Figure 2-7. Figure 2-7: Limits Checking Application Power Meter Swept Source Device Under Test CHANNEL A INPUT 2-32 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 71: Checking For Limit Failures
Figure 2-8. Checking for Limit Failures Limit failures are displayed in the appropriate ﬁeld in the measurement window on the power meter’s display as shown in Figure 2-9. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-33 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 72: Pass/Fail Limit Indicators
-50 dBm. This is indicated with the text “Undr Lmt”. This measurement has failed as the result is more than the maximum limit level set of -60 dBm. This is indicated with the text “Over Lmt”. 2-34 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 73: Channel Measurements
Single channel measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference. In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or %. Refer to “Making Relative Measurements”, on page 2-24 for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-35 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 74: Making Difference Measurements
Difference measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference. In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or %. Refer to “Making Relative Measurements”, on page 2-24 for further information. 2-36 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 75: Making Ratio Measurements
ﬁlter, range, offset and calibration factor are set individually for each channel. Ratio measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference. In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or %. Refer to “Making Relative Measurements”, on page 2-24 for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-37 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 76: Selecting A Digital Or Analog Display
The measurement windows can display the result in either a digital or analog format or both as shown in the following ﬁgures. Figure 2-10: Digital Display Figure 2-11: Analog Display Figure 2-12: Digital and Analog Display 2-38 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 77 Cancel Increment Multiplier More Decrement Multiplier Cancel Pressing Increment Multiplier increases or decreases the multiplier Decrement Multiplier shown in front of . Pressing after the correct multiplier has been selected conﬁrms the entry. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-39 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 78 That is, it does not indicate when duty cycle, range hold, offset or relative mode are enabled. In addition, it does not indicate if the measurement is within the test limits if any are set. 2-40 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 79: Setting The Range
The power meter has no internal ranges which can be set. The only ranges that can be set are those of the HP E-series power sensors. With an HP E-series power sensor the range can be set either automatically or manually.
Page 80: Configuring The Remote Interface
The address is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when the power is switched off, or after a remote interface reset. Your HP-IB bus controller has its own address. Avoid using the bus controller’s address for any instrument on the interface bus.
Page 81: Recorder Output
1 V maximum and minimum output voltage of the Recorder Output. The Output A B softkey allows you to select which channel is represented on the Recorder Output. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-43 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 82: Leveling A Source Output
-60 dBm (1 nW) System To set the maximum value press More Inputs and enter the appropriate Recorder Output Max Power value. 3. Press and enter 0 W. Min Power 4. Press to “On”. Output Off On 2-44 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 83: Saving And Recalling Power Meter Configurations
Saving and Recalling Power Meter Conﬁgurations To reduce repeated setup sequences, up to ten power meter conﬁgurations can be stored in the power meter’s non-volatile memory. The HP-IB address, the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and calibration data are not stored by a preset.
Page 84: Save/Recall" Screen
Power Meter Operation Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations Figure 2-14: “Save/Recall” Screen 2-46 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 85: How Measurements Are Calculated
Averaging Cal Factor Display Math,A,B,A/B Offset Cycle Relative Offset B/A,A-B,B-A Limits Upper Window Recorder Output Channel B Display Math,A,B,A/B Relative Channel Duty Offset B/A,A-B,B-A Averaging Cal Factor Offset Cycle Lower Window Limits Recorder Output HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-47 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 86: Presetting The Power Meter
Presetting the Power Meter This section details the power meter’s preset conditions. The HP-IB address, the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and calibration data are not affected by a preset. The calibration table selected is not affected.
Page 87 Min Power • is set to “Off”. Output Off/On • is set to “A”. Output A B Zero • is set to 100%. A Ref CF • is set to 100%. B Ref CF HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-49 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 88: Self Test
“Testing...” is replaced by either the message “Passed” or “Failed”. If a failure occurs the message “Power-up H/W Err” appears. Any errors are also written to the HP-IB error queue and System can be examined in the “Errors” screen by pressing...
Page 89: Front Panel Selection Of Self Tests
When the individual test is complete, the result is displayed until Done selected. If the self test failed, information about the failure is displayed on the screen. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-51 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 90 “Passed” is displayed, otherwise “Failed” is displayed. If the conﬁdence check fails, the failure appears in the HP-IB error queue. To examine the HP-IB error queue go to the “Errors” screen (refer to Chapter 4).
Page 91: Hp-Ib Testing
Communications Assembly (Implicit) The communications assembly is tested implicitly, in that the command will not be accepted or return a result unless the HP-IB interface is functioning correctly. Refer to “Test Descriptions”, on page 2-54 if you require a description of each individual test.
Page 92: Test Descriptions
If this is the case, it is speciﬁed in the test description. Most of the tests have an associated error message which is added to the HP-IB error queue if the test fails. The exception to this is the bitmap display test. Refer to Chapter 4, “Error Messages” for details on these error messages.
Page 93 Pressing cycles you through these bitmaps. The More Prev key stops the display and returns you to the previous menu. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-55 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 94: Operator Maintenance
The power line fuse is located within the power meter’s fuse holder assembly on the rear panel. For all voltages the power meter uses a 250 V, F3.15AH, 20mm fast blow fuse with high breaking capacity (HP part number 2110-0957).
Page 95: Contacting Hewlett-Packard
Hewlett-Packard offers several maintenance plans to service your power meter after warranty expiration. Call your HP Sales and Service Center for full details. If the power meter becomes faulty and you wish to return the faulty instrument, follow the description on how to return the faulty instrument in the section “Sales and Service Ofﬁces”, on page 2-60.
Page 96: Check The Basics
Hewlett-Packard makes frequent improvements to its products to enhance their performance, usability and reliability. Hewlett-Packard service personnel have access to complete records of design changes for each instrument, based on the instruments’ serial number and option designation. 2-58 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 97 This will ensure that you obtain the most complete and accurate service information. The serial number can be obtained by: • interrogating the power meter over the HP-IB using the *IDN? command. System • from the front panel by selecting...
Page 98: Sales And Service Offices
Thailand: (66-2) 661 3900 For countries in Asia Paciﬁc not listed contact: Hewlett-Packard Asia Paciﬁc Ltd 17-21/F Shell Tower, Times Square, 1 Matheson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong tel: (852) 2599 7070 fax: (852) 2506 9285 2-60 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 99 Hewlett-Packard Canada Ltd. 5150 Spectrum Way Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5G1 (905) 206 4725 In Europe, Africa and Middle East please call your local HP sales ofﬁce or representative: Austria: (1) 25000-0 Belgium and Luxembourg: (02) 778 3417 Baltic Countries: (358) 08872 2100...
Page 100 In any correspondence or telephone conversations, refer to the power meter by its model number (which is on the front panel) and full serial number (which is on the rear panel). With this information, the HP representative can quickly determine whether your unit is still within its warranty period.
Page 101: Returning Your Power Meter For Service
4. Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive tape. 5. Mark the shipping container “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE” to ensure careful handling. 6. Retain copies of all shipping papers. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 2-63 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 102 Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett-Packard 2-64 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 103: Menu Reference
Menu Reference www.valuetronics.com...
Page 104: Introduction
This chapter is a reference to the softkey menu structure of the power meter. “The Front Panel Menu Maps” starting on page 3-3 details the menus diagrammatically. “Front Panel Menu Reference” starting on page 3-10 details the menus descriptively. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 105: The Front Panel Menu Maps
Menu dBm/W Note Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 106: Frequency/Cal Fac Menu
B Cal Fac 100.0% Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select Note certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 107: Meas Setup Menu
Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Meas Setup Menu Input Select More Display Format Meas Setup Resolution 1 2 3 4 20.000 dBm Meter Dgtl Anlg -70.000 dBm Anlg Mtr Scaling HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 108: Rel/Offset Menu
Done Cancel Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select Note certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 109: System Inputs Menu
AUTO 100 mW Limits 0.00 mW continued on page 3-8 HP E-series power sensors only † Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select Note certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information.
Page 110: System Inputs Menu Continued
Recorder Output Min Power -70.000 dBm Service Output Self Test Display Version Instrument Self Test Checksum Conﬁdence Check Individual Battery Measure Assemblies Display Calibrator Assy Display Keyboard Set Contrast More Bitmap Display Displays Set Brightness HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 111: Zero/Cal Menu
On Off More Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select Note certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 112: Front Panel Menu Reference
The hardkeys can be separated into three categories, those which affect: • the system setup, for example the HP-IB address. • the currently selected window setup, for example the measurement units.
Page 113 To conﬁrm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit. Entering a frequency using this softkey is only possible when you have a sensor calibration table selected or you are using an HP E-series power sensor. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-11...
Page 114 To conﬁrm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit. Entering a frequency using this softkey is only possible when you have a sensor calibration table selected or you are using an HP E-series power sensor. • B Cal Fac Press this softkey to enter the measurement calibration factor for channel B in the range of 1% to 150%.
Page 115 Difference Measurements”, on page 2-36 for further information. Press this softkey to display the numerical difference between channel B power and channel A power (B-A). Refer to “Making Difference Measurements”, on page 2-36 for further information. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-13 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 116 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 dB respectively if the measurement sufﬁx is dBm or dB. 1, 2, 3 or 4 signiﬁcant digits respectively if the measurement sufﬁx is W or %. The default value is 3 (that is, 0.01 dB or 3 digits). 3-14 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 117 Presetting the power meter returns you to the “Contrast” menu. However, if you are in remote mode (that is, HP-IB operation), then pressing this hardkey places the power meter in local mode provided local lock out (LLO) is not enabled.
Page 118 Press this softkey to enter a display offset value. Use the hardkeys to change the value. To conﬁrm your choice press is automatically set to dB Offset Off On “On” when a value is entered using Offset 3-16 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 119 The minimum number of characters allowed is 1. Cancel Press this softkey to revert back to the original ﬁle name, ignoring your editing. • Done Press this softkey to return to the measurement screen. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-17 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 120 • HP-IB Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to set the HP-IB address and select the HP-IB command set you want to use. HP-IB Addr Press this softkey to set the HP-IB address of your power meter between 0 and 30.
Page 121 Use the hardkeys to change the value. The default value is “AUTO”. is automatically set to “On” when a value is Filter Off On HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-19 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 122 . Refer to “Setting Channel Offsets”, on page 2-26 for Offset further information. (HP E-series power sensors only) Range Press this softkey to set the range in which you require the power meter to make the power measurement or set the power meter to autoranging.
Page 123 Press this softkey to clear all the errors which are stored in the power meter’s memory. Next Press this softkey to move to the next error in the error queue. The displayed error message is individually cleared each time is selected. Next HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-21 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 124 Press this softkey to verify that the power meter makes an accurate measurement of it’s 1 mW POWER REF output. Individual Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to select individual self tests to be run. 3-22 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 125 More through the various bitmaps and to end the Prev displays. Display Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to set the defaults for contrast and brightness. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-23 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 126 Set Brightness Press this softkey to set the brightness. Note, this key changes the factory default setting. Version Press this softkey to display: the model number; option structure; serial number; ﬁrmware, bootrom and DSP revisions. 3-24 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 127 100%. Use the hardkeys to change the value. To conﬁrm your choice press . This softkey cannot be selected when you are using an HP E-series power sensor. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-25 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 128 To conﬁrm your choice press . This softkey cannot be selected when you are using an HP E-series power sensor power sensor. • Power Ref Off On Press this softkey to switch the POWER REF output on or off. This output is used as the signal source for calibration.
Page 129: Diagrammatical Hardkeys
Z through A, then underscore. • select ﬁelds for editing on the “Edit Table” screen. • select a table in the “Sensor Cal Tables” screen. • select a ﬁle in the “Save” and “Recall” screens. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 3-27 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 130 When the power meter is switched to standby (that is, when this hardkey is off but the power is connected to the instrument) the red LED is lit. When the power meter is switched on the green LED is lit. 3-28 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 131: Error Messages
Error Messages www.valuetronics.com...
Page 132: Introduction
To read the error queue from the remote interface use: • the SYSTem:ERRor? command. Error queue messages have the following format: Error Device Error ” “ Number Dependent Info Description For example, -330, “Self-test Failed;Battery Fault”. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 133 Error List Clear Errors More Inputs To delete all the errors in the queue remotely use: • the *CLS (clear status) command. The error queue is also cleared when the instrument power has been switched off. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 134: Error Messages
For example, AVER:COUN. -112 Program mnemonic too long A command header was received which contained more than the maximum 12 characters allowed. For example, SENSeAVERageCOUNt 8. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 135 Sufﬁx too long A sufﬁx used contained more than 12 characters. For example, SENS:FREQ 2MHZZZZZZZZZZZ. -138 Sufﬁx not allowed A sufﬁx was received following a numeric parameter which does not accept a sufﬁx. For example, INIT:CONT 0Hz. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 136 -213 Init ignored Indicates that a request for a measurement initiation was ignored as the power meter was already initiated. For example, INIT:CONT ON INIT. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 137 (for example, a change of frequency setting or triggering conditions). -231 Data questionable;CAL ERROR ChA Power meter calibration failed on channel A. The most likely cause is attempting to calibrate without applying a 1 mW power to the power sensor. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 138 -241 Hardware missing The power meter is unable to execute the command because either no power sensor is connected or it expects an HP E-series power sensor and one is not connected. -310 System error;Ch A Dty Cyc may impair accuracy with ECP...
Page 139 -310 System error;Detector EEPROM Read Failed - critical data not found or unreadable This indicates a failure with your HP E-series power sensor. Refer to your power sensor manual for details on returning it for repair. -310 System error;Detector EEPROM Read Completed OK but optional data block(s) not found or unreadable This indicates a failure with your HP E-series power sensor.
Page 140 Self-test Failed;Conﬁdence Check Fault ChB Refer to “Conﬁdence Check”, on page 2-52 if you require a description of this test. -350 Queue overﬂow The error queue is full and another error has occurred which could not be recorded. 4-10 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 141 Command execution continues but data is lost. -440 Query UNTERMINATED after indeﬁnite response The *IDN? command must be the last query command within a command string. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 4-11 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 142 Error Messages Error Messages 4-12 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 143: Specifications
Speciﬁcations www.valuetronics.com...
Page 144: Introduction
These characteristics are shown in italics or denoted as “typical”, “nominal” or “approximate”. For information on measurement uncertainty calculations, refer to HP Application Note 64-1A, “Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements”, Literature Number 5965-6630. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide...
Page 145: Power Meter Specifications
Power Range -70 dBm to +44 dBm (100 pW to 25 W), power sensor dependent Power Sensors Compatible with all HP 8480 series power sensors and HP ECP-series power sensors. Single Sensor Dynamic Range 90 dB maximum (HP ECP-series power sensors)
Page 146: Accuracy
Zero Set (digital settability of zero): Power sensor dependent (refer to Table 5-1). For HP ECP-series power sensors, this speciﬁcation applies when zeroing is performed with the sensor input disconnected from the POWER REF.
Page 147: Power Reference
Speciﬁcations Power Meter Specifications Power Reference Power Output 1.00 mW (0.0 dBm). Factory set to ±0.7% traceable to the US National Institute of Standards and Technology. Accuracy ±1.2% worst case (±0.9% rss) for one year. HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 148: Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics
50 MHz nominal 1.05 maximum Connector Type N (f), 50 Ω Measurement Speed Over the HP-IB, three measurement speed modes are available as shown, along with the typical maximum measurement speed for each mode: • Normal: 20 readings/second • x2: 40 readings/second •...
Page 149: Zero Drift Of Sensors
Multiplier” for the appropriate mode (normal or x2) and number of averages to determine the total measurement noise value. For example, for an HP 8481D power sensor in normal mode with the number of averages set to 4, the measurement noise is equal to: (<45 pW x 2.75) = <124 pW...
Page 150 2. The number of averages at 16 (for normal mode) and 32 (for x2 mode), at a constant temperature, measured over a 1 minute interval and 2 standard deviations. For HP ECP-series power sensors the measurement noise is measured within the low range. Refer to the relevant power sensor manual for further information.
Page 151: Settling Time
Speciﬁcations Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Settling Time 0 to 99% settled readings over the HP-IB. For HP 8480 series power sensors Manual ﬁlter, 10 dB decreasing power step: Table 5-4: Settling Time 1024 Number of Averages Settling Time (s) 0.15...
Page 152: Settling Time
When a decreasing power step crosses the power sensor’s auto-range switch point, add 25 ms. Refer to the relevant power sensor manual for further information. For HP ECP-series power sensors in normal and x2 speed modes, manual ﬁlter, 10 dB decreasing power step: Table 5-5: Settling Time...
Page 153: Settling Time
Dynamic Dynamic Times Times Range Range 120 ms 70 ms 10 dB 10 dB 400 ms 210 ms 10 dB 10 dB 6.5 s 3.4 s 10 dB 10 dB Minimum dBm Minimum dBm HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 5-11 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 154: Power Sensor Specifications
This parameter is also known as short term stability and is speciﬁed as the change in the power meter indication over a short time interval (usually one minute) for a constant input power at a constant temperature. 5-12 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 155: General Characteristics
Binding post, accepts 4 mm plug or bare-wire connection Line Power • Input Voltage Range: 85 to 264 Vac, automatic selection • Input Frequency Range: 47 to 63 Hz • Power Requirement: approximately 50 VA (14 Watts) HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 5-13 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 156: Environmental Characteristics
15% at 40ºC (non-condensing) Maximum Altitude 3,000 meters (9,840 feet) Location For use indoors. Storage Conditions Storage Temperature -20ºC to +70ºC Non-Operating Maximum Humidity 90% at 65ºC (non-condensing) Non-Operating Maximum Altitude 15,240 meters (50,000 feet) 5-14 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 157: General
EN61010-1: 1993/IEC 1010-1:1990+A1/CSA C22.2 No. 1010-1:1993 • EN60825-1: 1994/IEC 825-1: 1993 Class 1 • Low Voltage Directive 72/23/EEC Remote Programming Interface HP-IB interface operates to IEEE 488.2. Command Language SCPI standard interface commands. Non-Volatile Memory Battery HP EPM-442A User’s Guide 5-15 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 158 Speciﬁcations General Lithium Polycarbon Monoﬂouride, approximate lifetime 5 years at 25ºC. 5-16 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 159 "A Table Off On" key description 3-19 "Cal" key description 3-25 "A/B" key description 3-13 calibrate 2-4 "A-B" key description 3-13 HP 8480 series sensors 2-5 absolute accuracy, specification 5-4 HP E-series sensors 2-5 accessories xi calibration data 2-8 accuracy, of power reference 5-5...
Page 160 5-3 self-test 2-55 handle, adjusting 1-16 units, specification 5-3 hardkeys 1-4 "Display Assy" key description 3-23 hardware missing, error message 4-8 "Display Format" key description 3-14 Hewlett-Packard "Display" key description 3-23 contacting 2-57 Index-2 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 161 2-32 offices 2-60 HP-IB 1-14 connector characteristic 5-13 maintenance 2-56 setting of address 2-42 maps 3-3 "HP-IB Addr" key description 3-18 "Max" key description 3-14 3-21 "HP-IB" key description 3-18 "Max Power" key description 3-22 humidity characteristic 5-14 "Meas Setup"...
Page 162 "Save" key description 3-17 pulsed signals, measuring 2-30 "Save/Recall" key description 3-17 menu map 3-6 query deadlocked, error message 4-11 screen 1-4 query interrupted, error message 4-11 layout 1-7 query unterminated after indefinite response, er- Index-4 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...
Page 163 "Zero A" key description 3-25 suffix too long, error message 4-5 "Zero B" key description 3-25 switch on 1-3 "Zero Both" key description 3-25 SWR, characteristic of power reference 5-6 zero set symbols 1-12 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide Index-5 www.valuetronics.com...
Page 164 5-12 specification 5-4 "Zero/Cal" key description 3-25 menu map 3-9 Index-6 HP EPM-442A User’s Guide www.valuetronics.com...

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