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Princeton Instruments ST-133 Manual

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4411-0087
Version 3.B
May 14, 2004
*4411-0087*
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  • Page 1 4411-0087 Version 3.B May 14, 2004 *4411-0087* Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
  • Page 2 ©Copyright 2004 Roper Scientific, Inc. 3660 Quakerbridge Rd Trenton, NJ 08619 TEL: 800-874-9789 / 609-587-9797 FAX: 609-587-1970 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of Roper Scientific, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. IPLab is a trademark of Scanalytics, Inc.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Manual Overview ....................7 Safety Related Symbols Used in This Manual ..............8 Chapter 1 Description ..................9 Introduction......................... 9 Chapter 2 Getting Started................. 11 Introduction........................11 Unpacking......................... 11 Equipment and Parts Inventory..................11 Grounding and Safety ....................... 12 Environmental Requirements....................
  • Page 4 TTL Diagnostics Screen ....................77 Hardware Interface......................77 Appendix D Cleaning and Maintenance............79 Cleaning ..........................79 Changing the ST-133 Line Voltage and Fuses ..............80 Appendix E Outline Drawings of ST-133 Controller ........81 Appendix F Plug-In Modules................83 Introduction........................83 Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module ................
  • Page 5 Figures Figure 1. Power Switch Location (ST-133A and ST-133B)..........15 Figure 2. ST-133 Rear Panel with 70 V Shutter Option ..........16 Figure 3. Monitor Display of CCD Image Center Area........... 19 Figure 4. WinView/32 Controller/Camera Setup Tab Page ..........20 Figure 5.
  • Page 6 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Figure 39. Power Input Module..................80 Figure 40. Fuse Holder ....................80 Figure 41. ST-133A Controller Dimensions..............81 Figure 42. ST-133B Controller Dimensions..............81 Figure 43. Module Installation..................84 Figure 44. Overlapped Mode where t <...

  • Page 7: Manual Overview

    Manual Overview Note: The general identifier "ST-133" is used for both the ST-133A Controller and the ST-133B Controller. Where there is a difference, the specific identifier is used. Chapter 1, Description provides an overview of the ST-133 Controller and Camera.

  • Page 8: Safety Related Symbols Used In This Manual

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Safety Related Symbols Used in This Manual Caution! The use of this symbol on equipment indicates that one or more nearby items should not be operated without first consulting the manual. The same symbol appears in the manual adjacent to the text that discusses the hardware item(s) in question.

  • Page 9: Chapter 1 Description

    TE-cooled detector cannot be used with an LN-cooled detector. Depending on the camera with which the ST-133 is intended to operate, a given ST-133 may support one or two A/D converters. The converter(s) must be specified at the time of purchase.
  • Page 10 Applications: With its small size, fully integrated design, support for a variety of cameras, CCD arrays, and computers, temperature control, advanced exposure control timing, and sophisticated readout capabilities, the ST-133 Controller is well suited to both general spectroscopy, macro imaging and microscopy applications.

  • Page 11: Chapter 2 Getting Started

    Getting Started Introduction This chapter will help you get off to a good start with your ST-133 Controller. In addition to descriptions of such basics as unpacking and grounding safety, the chapter includes discussions of the requirements that have to be met before the camera can be switched on.

  • Page 12: Grounding And Safety

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B • USB 2.0 interface (Supported by versions 2.5.14 and higher of WinView/32 and WinSpec/32. PTG and USB 2.0 compatibility supported by versions 2.5.15 and higher.) USB 2.0 Card: USB 2.0 interface card installed in the host computer.

  • Page 13: Power Requirements

    Power Requirements The ST-133 Controller can operate from any one of four different nominal line voltages: 100, 120, 220, or 240 VAC. Refer to the Fuse/Voltage label on the back of the ST-133 for fuse, voltage, and power consumption information.
  • Page 14 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B storage, depending on the number and size of spectra collected. Disk level compression programs are not recommended. • Super VGA monitor and graphics card supporting at least 256 colors with at least 1 Mbyte of memory. Memory requirement is dependent on desired display resolution.

  • Page 15: Controller Features

    LED that lights whenever the ST-133 is powered. In other versions, the power switch is located on the back of the ST-133 and does not include an indicator LED. Figure 1 shows the two locations...

  • Page 16: Figure 2. St-133 Rear Panel With 70 V Shutter Option

    35 mm shutter, such as an NTE having the 1340 × 1300 CCD, must be used with an ST-133 having the 70 V shutter option installed (indicated on the back panel as shown in Figure 2). An ST-133 having this option cannot be used with a camera having...
  • Page 17 Chapter 2 Getting Started Power Input Module: This assembly, located at the lower right of the controller back panel, has three functions: • Connecting the AC power; • Selecting the line voltage, and • Protective Fusing. Controller Modules: There are three controller board slots. Two are occupied by the plug-in cards that provide various controller functions in all ST-133s.
  • Page 18 TEE to connect the controller video output to multiple devices. One of the limitations of scientific non-video rate cameras has been their difficulty in focusing and locating fields of view. The ST-133 solves this problem by its combination of high-speed operation with the implementation of true video output.

  • Page 19: Figure 3. Monitor Display Of Ccd Image Center Area

    Chapter 2 Getting Started for viewing on the video monitor with only a single-frame delay. An associated zoom function provides 1x, 2x, or 4x viewing. At 1x, the entire array image is displayed, but at reduced resolution (pixels are discarded and fine detail could be lost). At 2x, the mapping is 1:1 and the image portion selected by the Pan function is provided.

  • Page 20: Figure 4. Winview/32 Controller/Camera Setup Tab Page

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Note: There are three sync modes, Free Run, External Sync and Internal Sync selectable via software (WinView/32 Experiment Setup Timing tab page). Internal Sync mode operation, which does not require a connection to Ext Sync, is only available if a PTG Timing Generator is installed.

  • Page 21: Figure 5. Notscan And Shutter Signals

    SHUTTER is not required to inhibit the intensifier if using a PI-MAX camera controlled by an ST-133 equipped with a PTG. With this combination, the inhibit function is accomplished by selecting the Internal Sync mode (WinView/32 or WinSpec/32; Acquisition| Experiment Setup|Timing|Timing Mode selection).
  • Page 22 WinView/32 and WinSpec/32. PTG and USB 2.0 compatibility is supported by versions 2.5.15 and higher. If using a PI-MAX camera with an ST-133 equipped with a PTG, there will be two cables between the Controller and the Camera. The first goes from the Detector connector of the Controller to the Power/Signal connector of the PI-MAX.
  • Page 23 Chapter 2 Getting Started TTL IN/OUT connector: (TAXI and USB 2.0) This 25-pin connector (type DB25) provides a programmable interface. There are eight input bits and eight output bits that can be written to or polled to provide additional control or functionality. For the IN lines, a bit can be set to the buffered state, resulting in a real-time sample or it can be set to the latched state, where the signal is maintained once set.

  • Page 24: Software Installation

    Imaging Field of View When used for two-dimensional imaging applications, Princeton Instruments cameras closely imitate a standard 35 mm camera. Since the CCD is not the same size as the film plane of a 35 mm camera, the field of view at a given distance is somewhat different. The imaging field of view is indicated in Figure 6.

  • Page 25: Summary

    Chapter 2 Getting Started Summary This completes Getting Started. You should now have a reasonable understanding of how the controller hardware is used. Other topics, which could be quite important in certain situations, are discussed in the following chapters. See the appropriate application software manual for information on using the software to control the controller.
  • Page 26 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B This page intentionally left blank. Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.

  • Page 27: Chapter 3 First Light

    First Light Introduction Note: The instructions in this chapter are for an ST-133 operated with a TE-cooled camera. They do not apply to the PI-MAX or LN-cooled cameras. See the PI-MAX system manual for detailed information regarding that camera. In the case of an LN- cooled camera, Dewar and liquid nitrogen considerations make placing the system in operation more complex.
  • Page 28 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Before You Start, if your system includes a microscope Xenon or Hg arc lamp, it is WARNING CRITICAL to turn off all electronics adjacent to the arc lamp, especially your digital camera system and your computer hardware (monitors included) before turning on the lamp power.

  • Page 29: Figure 7. System Connection Diagram (Te Camera)

    Chapter 3 First Light Getting Started 1. If the system cables haven’t as yet been installed, connect them as follows (system power off). See Figure 7. • Connect the 25-pin cable from the DETECTOR connector on the Analog/Control module panel to the mating connector at the camera. Be sure to secure the cable at both ends.
  • Page 30 Detector Temperature (Setup|Detector Temperature…): -40°C for air-cooled. When the array temperature reaches the set temperature, the green Temp Lock LED on the rear of the ST-133 will light and there will be a locked indication at the computer monitor. Note that some overshoot may occur.
  • Page 31 Chapter 3 First Light Cleans and Skips tab page (Setup|Hardware): Default Experiment Setup Main tab page (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…): • Exposure Time: 100 ms • Accumulations & Number of Images: 1 Experiment Setup ROI tab page (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…): Use this function to define the region of interest (ROI). •...

  • Page 32: Spectroscopy

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B 3. After you have focused the camera, you can stop Focus mode, continue Focus mode, begin Acquire mode, or wait for the CCD to reach the operating temperature before going to Acquire mode. 4. If the array is cooled by LN, empty the Dewar before turning off the controller. If a coolant circulator or a chiller/circulator is being used to cool the array, stop the flow before turning off the controller.

  • Page 33: Figure 8. System Connection Diagram (Te Camera And Spectrometer)

    5. The system is being operated in spectroscopy mode. 6. An entrance slit shutter is not being controlled by the ST-133. Getting Started 1. If the system cables haven’t as yet been installed, connect them as follows (system power off).
  • Page 34 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B -5°C, unless it is a model having forced air cooling, in which case temperature lock down to -40°C (-90°C for the XTE) can be achieved. 4. Turn on the controller power. Notes: 1. A camera overload alarm may sound briefly and then stop. This is normal and is not a cause for concern.
  • Page 35 Detector Temperature (Setup|Detector Temperature…): -40°C for air-cooled. When the array temperature reaches the set temperature, the green Temp Lock LED on the rear of the ST-133 will light and there will be a locked indication at the computer monitor. Note that some overshoot may occur.

  • Page 36: Summary

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Hint: Overhead fluorescent lights produce a mercury spectrum. Use a white card tilted at 45 degrees in front of the entrance slit to reflect overhead light into the spectrograph. Select 435.833 as the spectral line.

  • Page 37: Chapter 4 Temperature Control

    Chapter 4 Temperature Control Introduction Temperature control is done via software. Once the desired array temperature has been set, the hardware controls the thermoelectric cooling circuits in the camera so as to reduce the array temperature to the set value. On reaching that temperature, the control loop locks to the set temperature for stable and reproducible performance.

  • Page 38: Cooling (Te, Nte, Nte 2, Rte, Xte, Pi-Max)

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Cooling (TE, NTE, NTE 2, RTE, XTE, PI-MAX) These cameras are ordinarily equipped with a multi-stage Peltier type cooler that is thermally coupled to the CCD. This device uses injected current to draw heat away from the CCD surface.

  • Page 39: Cooling And Vacuum

    Chapter 4 Temperature Control Cooling and Vacuum Many cameras incorporate a vacuum chamber for enhanced cooling performance. With time, there can be a gradual deterioration of the camera’s vacuum. This is turn may eventually affect temperature performance to where it may no longer be possible to achieve temperature lock at the lowest temperatures.
  • Page 40 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B This page intentionally left blank. Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.

  • Page 41: Chapter 5 Timing Modes

    ST-133 runs according to the timing of the experiment, with no interruptions from the computer. In Safe Mode operation, the computer processes each frame as it is received. The ST-133 cannot collect the next frame until the previous frame has been completely processed.

  • Page 42: Standard Timing Modes

    PreOpen, available in the External Sync and External Sync with Continuous Cleans modes, opens the shutter as soon as the ST-133 is ready to receive an External Sync pulse. This is required if the time between the External Sync pulse and the event is less than a few milliseconds, the time it takes the shutter to open.

  • Page 43: Figure 9. Flowcharts Of Safe And Fast Mode Operations

    Chapter 5 Timing Modes Safe Mode Fast Mode Start Start Computer programs Computer programs camera with exposure camera with exposure and binning parameters and binning parameters Start acquisition Start acquisition command sent from command sent from computer to camera computer to camera Cleans performed Cleans performed 1 frame collected...

  • Page 44: Figure 10. Free Run Timing Chart, Part Of The Chart In Figure 9

    Other experimental equipment can be synchronized System waits while to the ST-133 controller by using the output signal shutter closes (software-selectable SHUTTER or NOTSCAN) from connector. Shutter operation and the NOTSCAN output signal are shown in Figure 11.

  • Page 45: Figure 12. Chart Showing Two External Sync Timing Options

    As soon as the controller is ready to collect data, the shutter opens. Upon arrival of the first External Sync pulse at the ST-133, the shutter remains open for the specified exposure period, closes, and the CCD is read out. As soon as readout is complete, the shutter reopens and waits for the next frame.

  • Page 46: External Sync With Continuous Cleans Timing

    Figure 13. Timing Diagram for the External Sync Mode External Sync with Continuous Cleans Timing Another timing mode available with an ST-133 controller is called Continuous Cleans. In addition to the standard "cleaning" of the array, which occurs after the controller is enabled, Continuous Cleans will remove any charge from the array until the moment the External Sync pulse is received.

  • Page 47: Internal Sync

    Internal Sync operation, in which the synchronization handshake is implemented via the backplane of an ST-133, does not require a connection to the Ext Sync connector. With respect to timing considerations, the mode is very similar to the Ext Sync mode. Note that the Int.

  • Page 48: Figure 16. Frame Transfer Where T W1 + T Exp + T C < T R

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B In Free Run frame-transfer mode operation, half the array is exposed for the set exposure time (t ). Then the data transfer to the storage half of the array takes place, marking the start of the read and the beginning of a new exposure.

  • Page 49: Kinetics Mode

    Note: Kinetics mode is an option, so the controller must be programmed before your order is shipped. If the Kinetics option has been installed in the ST-133, this readout mode will be made available when you select the appropriate camera type on the Hardware Setup dialog box.

  • Page 50: Figure 19. Kinetics Readout

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Expose Shift Expose Shift Expose Readout Figure 19. Kinetics Readout Timing Modes Kinetics mode has three timing modes: Free Run, Single Trigger, and Multiple Trigger. Figure 20. Hardware Setup Dialog Box Figure 21. Experiment Setup Dialog Box...

  • Page 51: Figure 22. Free Run Timing Diagram

    Single Trigger Kinetics mode takes an entire series of images with each External Trigger Pulse (applied at the Ext. Sync BNC on the control board of ST-133). After the series is complete the shutter closes and the CCD is read out at normal speeds. Once the readout is complete the camera is ready for the next series of exposures.

  • Page 52: Figure 24. Multiple Trigger Timing Diagram

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Multiple Trigger Multiple Trigger Kinetics mode takes a single image in the series for each External Sync pulse received by the controller. Once the series is complete the shutter closes and readout begins. Since the shutter is open during the entire series of images, if the External Sync pulses are irregularly spaced then the exposures will be of different lengths.

  • Page 53: Chapter 6 Exposure And Readout

    The remainder of this chapter describes the exposure, readout, and digitization of the image. Included are descriptions of binning for imaging applications and the specialized ST-133 timing modes. Exposure Charge coupled devices can be roughly thought of as a two-dimensional grid of individual photodiodes (called pixels), each connected to its own charge storage "well."...

  • Page 54: Figure 26. Exposure Of The Ccd With Shutter Compensation

    Exposure with a Mechanical Shutter For some CCD arrays, the ST-133 uses a mechanical shutter to control exposure of the CCD. The diagram in Figure 26 shows how the exposure period is measured. The NOTSCAN signal, provided at the...
  • Page 55 Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout accuracy. Intensifier gain is varied by adjusting the voltage across the MCP or the voltage across the MCP output and the phosphor. This second parameter is a factory adjustment, as it affects both the gain and the resolution of the intensifier. Detection of extremely weak Continuous Wave (CW) signals, e.g., luminescence and Raman scattering from solid state samples, is typically limited by the dark current of the intensifier’s photocathode, usually referred to as the equivalent brightness intensity...
  • Page 56 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Dark Charge Dark charge or dark current is the thermally induced buildup of charge in the CCD over time. The statistical noise associated with this charge is known as dark noise,. Dark charge values vary widely from one CCD array to another and are exponentially temperature dependent.

  • Page 57: Figure 27. Analog Gain Switch On Te- And Ln-Cooled Cameras

    Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Analog Gain Control Analog gain control is used to change the number of electrons required to generate an Analog-to-Digital Unit (ADU, also known as a count). In WinView/32, the analog gain choices are Low, Medium, and High. Users who measure high-level signals may wish to select Low to allow digitization of larger signals.

  • Page 58: Readout Of The Array

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Readout of the Array In this section, a simple 6 × 4 pixel CCD is used to demonstrate how charge is shifted and digitized. As described below, two different types of readout are available. Full frame readout, for full frame CCDs, reads out the entire CCD surface at the same time.

  • Page 59: Table 4. Approximate Readout Time Of A Single Frame For Some Ccd Arrays

    Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout The time needed to take a full frame at full resolution is: where is the CCD readout time, is the exposure time, and is the shutter compensation time. The readout time is approximately given by: = [N ·...

  • Page 60: Figure 29. 2 × 2 Binning For Images

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B photon shot noise limited, the S/N ratio improvement is roughly proportional to the square-root of the number of pixels binned. Figure 29 shows an example of 2 × 2 binning. Each pixel of the image displayed by the software represents 4 pixels of the CCD array.

  • Page 61: Table 5. Well Capacity For Some Ccd Arrays

    S/N ratio in the measurement. Frame Transfer Readout The ST-133 fully supports frame transfer readout. Operation in this mode is very similar to the operation of video rate cameras. Half of the CCD is exposed continuously, raising the exposure duty cycle to nearly 100%.

  • Page 62: Digitization

    ST-133. However, the ST-133 will support multiple digitization speeds (software-selectable readout rates) if the Dual A/D Converters option is ordered or if a 2 MHz version of the ST-133 is ordered for the system. Multiple digitization provides optimum signal-to-noise ratios at all readout speeds.

  • Page 63: Appendix A Specifications

    400-1080 nm; 190-1080 nm with UV-to-visible coating on the CCD Types The ST-133 can be operated with many different Princeton Instruments cameras, each of which is available with a variety of different CCD chips as specified at the time of order.

  • Page 64: Outputs

    A/D Converters The ST-133 is available in a number of different configurations. The configuration provided for a specific order is determined primarily by the choice of camera specified at the time of purchase. With some configurations it is possible to have two A/D converters installed.

  • Page 65: Shutter Compensation Time

    Intensified (electronic) 6.0 msec NONE 200 nsec Computer Requirements Depending on the communication protocol (TAXI or USB 2.0) the ST-133 is most commonly used with a Pentium computer configured as follows. Type: TAXI: 200 MHz Pentium ® II (or better) USB 2.0: 1 GHz Pentium 3 (or better)

  • Page 66: Miscellaneous

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Miscellaneous Dimensions: See Appendix E. Controller Weight: 5.45 kg. Power Requirements: Nominally 100, 120, 220 or 240 V AC, 47-63 Hz, 300 watts; required DC voltages are generated in the controller. Power to camera is applied via controller cable.

  • Page 67: Appendix B Ptg Module

    Note: The combination of PTG and the USB 2.0 interface is supported by versions 2.5.15 and higher of WinView/32 and WinSpec/32. Figure 31. ST-133 with Programmable Timing Generator and PCI (TAXI) Interface Control Module Specifications Back panel I/O Pre-Trigger Input: BNC (10 kΩ impedance), TTL level used only to start a bracket pulse.

  • Page 68: Figure 32. Auxiliary Trigger Output

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B If burst pulsing is turned On, the T0 Output is deasserted when the last pulse ensemble is completed. Auxiliary Trigger Output: BNC, AC-coupled pulse output. The auxiliary timer's output is available to the user through a rear panel BNC for triggering other system components.
  • Page 69 External: Each trigger applied to Ext. Trig. In BNC initiates a pulse ensemble that is applied to PI-MAX. Readout Cycle: Readout cycle is triggered through the ST-133 backplane if Int. Sync. is selected on Experiment Setup Timing tab page. Enabling: Handshakes that prevent a readout from occurring while the PTG is busy and that prevent the PTG from pulsing the photocathode ON while a readout cycle is in progress are performed through the backplane.

  • Page 70: Operation

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Operation Introduction Operation of the PTG module is quite simple. Most of the functions are performed automatically through the backplane and the parameters are set via the Pulser Setup screens of the host software (WinView/32 or WinSpec/32, version 2.4 and higher).

  • Page 71: Figure 34. Camera State Dialog Box

    Continuous Cleans check box, select Disabled Opened for the Shutter Control, and select the PreOpen check box. It is not necessary to connect a signal to the ST-133’s Ext Sync BNC connector. Notes: 1. Internal Sync only appears as a selection if PTG has been selected as the active timing generator via the Pulsers dialog box, which opens when Pulsers is selected on the host software Setup menu.

  • Page 72: Figure 35. Pulsers Dialog Box

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B 3. On the Setup menu select Pulsers to open the Pulsers dialog box. 4. Select PTG. Then click on the Setup Pulser button. The PTG dialog box (Figure 36) will open. If PTG is grayed out on the Pulsers dialog box, PTG support has not been installed.

  • Page 73: Figure 37. Experiments With The Pi-Max

    Appendix B PTG Module • Swept Gate: In this type of experiment, Gate Width, Gate Delay, or both may be varied. Repetitive-Sequential 1: The Trigger is repetitive, Gate Width is fixed, and Delay is varied over the course of the measurement. The result of the experiment is a plot of intensity vs.
  • Page 74 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B This page intentionally left blank. Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.

  • Page 75: Appendix C Ttl Control

    Appendix C TTL Control TTL In/Out control is not currently supported under USB 2.0. Introduction This connector provides 8 TTL lines in, 8 TTL lines out and an input control line. Figure 38 illustrates the connector and lists the signal/pin assignments. Princeton Instrument’s WinView/32 and WinSpec/32 software packages incorporate WinX32 Automation, a programming language that can be used to automate performing a variety of data acquisition and data processing functions, including use of the TTL...

  • Page 76: Buffered Vs. Latched Inputs

    TTL Outputs. Apparatus external to the ST-133 interrogates the lines and, on detecting the specified logic levels, takes the action appropriate to the detected condition. The coding is the same as for the input lines.

  • Page 77: Ttl Diagnostics Screen

    D-subminiature connector will be needed to mate with the TTL In/Out connector at the ST-133. The hardware at the other end of the cable will depend entirely on the user’s requirements. If the individual connections are made using coaxial cable for maximum...
  • Page 78 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B • ® 25-pin female type D-subminiature solder type connector (Radio Shack part no. 276-1548B). • RG/58U coaxial cable. • Shielded Metalized hood (Radio Shack part no. 276-1536A). • BNC connector(s) type UG-88 Male BNC connector (Radio Shack part no. 278-103).

  • Page 79: Appendix D Cleaning And Maintenance

    Cleaning Controller and Camera Although there is no periodic maintenance that must be performed on the ST-133 Controller or on the Camera, users are advised to clean these components from time to time by wiping them down with a clean damp cloth. This operation should only be done on the external surfaces and with all covers secured.

  • Page 80: Changing The St-133 Line Voltage And Fuses

    If Controller power switch is on the back of the ST-133, the Fuse/Voltage label is located below the Power Module. 5. After inspecting and if necessary, changing the fuses to those required by the selected voltage, reinstall the holders with the arrow facing to the right.

  • Page 81: Appendix E Outline Drawings Of St-133 Controller

    Appendix E Outline Drawings of ST-133 Controller Note: Dimensions are in inches and mm. 8.75 (22.23) Figure 41. ST-133A Controller Dimensions Figure 42. ST-133B Controller Dimensions Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
  • Page 82 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B This page intentionally left blank. Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.

  • Page 83: Appendix F Plug-In Modules

    Plug-In Modules Introduction The ST-133 Controller has three plug-in slots. The Analog/Control module (leftmost slot when the controller is viewed from the rear) and the Interface Control module (either a TAXI or a USB 2.0 compatible module in the middle slot) are always provided. The third slot is covered with a blank panel unless a PTG module has been installed.

  • Page 84: Figure 43. Module Installation

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Washer Screw Side of ST-133 Figure 43. Module Installation To Install a Module: Installing a module is a bit more complex because you first have to be sure the locking screws are aligned correctly. The following procedure is suggested.

  • Page 85: Appendix G Interline Ccd Cameras

    Interline CCD Cameras Introduction This appendix discusses the operation and theory of a Princeton Instruments camera with an interline CCD. Operationally, a camera with a conventional CCD and one having an interline CCD are quite similar, the principal difference being that a shutter would ordinarily not be required if the camera has an interline chip.

  • Page 86: Timing Options In Overlapped Readout Mode

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B each cell of the array is transferred out of the CCD array, amplified, and sent to the controller as an analog signal, where it is digitized prior to transfer to the computer. . Note that mechanical shuttering is not required in either mode, although it is available as an option.

  • Page 87: Figure 44. Overlapped Mode Where T

    Appendix G Interline CCD Cameras being acquired. This pattern continues for the duration of the experiment so that, during each frame, the data acquired during the previous frame is read out. Shutter actual exposure time 50ns min.pulse between frames NOTSCAN External Sync (negative polarity shown) cleans acquisition...

  • Page 88: Exposure

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Shutter actual exposure time NOTSCAN External Sync (negative polarity shown) cleans acquisition Figure 46. Overlapped Mode where Pulse arrives after Readout Exposure CCD arrays perform three essential functions: photons are transduced to electrons, integrated and stored, and finally read out. The software allows you to set the length of time that incoming light will be allowed to integrated on the CCD.

  • Page 89: Readout Of The Array

    Appendix G Interline CCD Cameras Mechanical Shutter Open Closed NOTSCAN Acquire Readout Exposure time Shutter compensation Figure 47. Non-Overlapped Mode Exposure of the CCD with Shutter Compensation NOTSCAN is low during readout, high during exposure, and high during shutter compensation time. Since most shutters behave like an iris, the opening and closing of the shutter will cause the center of the CCD to be exposed slightly longer than the edges.

  • Page 90: Figure 48. Overlapped Mode Exposure And Readout

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Part 2 of Figure 48 shows the situation early in the readout. The charge in the imaging cells has been transferred to the adjacent storage cells and downshifting to the readout register has started. Note that a new exposure begins immediately.

  • Page 91: Figure 49. Non-Overlapped Mode Exposure And Readout

    Appendix G Interline CCD Cameras because no charge has been transferred to them. The arrows between adjacent imaging and storage cells indicate the direction the charge will be shifted when the transfer occurs. Part 2 of Figure 49 shows the situation early in the readout cycle. The charge in the imaging cells has been transferred to the adjacent storage cells and down-shifting to the readout register has started.

  • Page 92: Figure 50. 2 × 2 Binning For Images

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Image readout with binning Binning is the process of adding the data from adjacent cells together. It can be accomplished in either hardware or software. Rectangular groups of cells of any size may be binned together, subject to some hardware and software limitations.

  • Page 93: Appendix H Dif Camera (Double Image Feature)

    Appendix H DIF Camera (Double Image Feature) Introduction This Appendix describes operation of a DIF system. Both the Controller and a Interline camera must have factory modifications installed for DIF operation. In addition to the internal changes and installation of a back panel switch, a camera modified for DIF operation would ordinarily include a mechanical shutter.

  • Page 94: Timing Modes

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B When the data is saved, both images are saved in a single *.spe file. The header is followed by frame 1 and then immediately afterwards by frame 2. This system makes it convenient to later load the images from the file for post processing analysis.

  • Page 95: Figure 51. Freerun Mode Timing

    Appendix H DIF Camera READY 400 ns EXPOSURE Figure 51. Freerun Mode Timing Example: Figure 52 shows an experiment where the rising edge of the signal is used to trigger a DG535 Delay Generator, which provides the required delay and triggers a laser source, Q switch, or other device.
  • Page 96 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Summary of Free Run Timing mode • Allows user to capture single images. • Requires that the switch, if present on the back of the camera, be set to INACTIVE. • Uses Exposure Time set via software Experiment Setup.

  • Page 97: Figure 54. Timing Diagram For Typical Iec Measurement

    Appendix H DIF Camera READY 200 ns EXT. SYNC. ~200 ns Image1 Image 2 Images 5 µs 5 µs NOTSCAN Mechanical Shutter 8 ms 8 ms >200 ns Laser Output Laser 1 Laser 2 Figure 54. Timing Diagram for Typical IEC Measurement Figure 55 illustrates the interconnections that might be used for such an experiment with two lasers.

  • Page 98: Figure 56. Timing Diagram For Iec Experiment With Two Lasers

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B READY EXT. SYNC. 200 ns Image 1 Image 2 Images 5 µs 5 µs NOTSCAN Mechanical Shutter 8 ms 8 ms >200 ns Laser Output Laser 1 Laser 2 Figure 56. Timing Diagram for IEC Experiment with Two Lasers...

  • Page 99: Figure 58. Eec Timing Example With Exposure Time In Software Set To T Ex

    Appendix H DIF Camera EEC (External Exposure Control) Gives the user the ability to capture two images before readout with a different exposure time for each. EEC uses the external trigger to control the exposure time of the first image and the exposure time set in software to control the exposure time of the second image.

  • Page 100: Figure 59. Esabi Timing Example; Image Exposure Time = T

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B ESABI (Electronic Shutter Active Between Images) The last timing mode, ESABI, allows separation time between the two images. This mode gives the user the ability to capture two images and use the interline chip’s electronic shutter feature between images so that no signal is integrated in the time between.

  • Page 101: Tips And Tricks

    Appendix H DIF Camera Tips and Tricks Lab Illumination In DIF measurements, it is necessary to remain mindful of the possibility of laboratory light affecting the images. Because the first image can be timed with precision, laboratory light that reaches the camera would generally not be a problem in the first image, particularly if the capture time is short (few microseconds).
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  • Page 103: Appendix I Installing The Computer-Controller Interface

    Introduction This appendix will lead you through the process of installing the communications interface between the ST-133 and the host computer. Following these steps explicitly will help insure proper connection to your computer. Note: If the computer is purchased from Roper Scientific, it will be shipped with the appropriate card already installed.

  • Page 104: Setting Up A Pci Interface

    ST-133 has a 9-pin connector as shown in the figure at right). With TAXI protocol, the standard cable provided with an ST-133 is 7.6 meters (25 feet) (cable lengths up to 50 meters are available) and the digitization rate may be as high as 5 MHz.

  • Page 105: Table 8. Pci Driver Files And Locations

    Appendix I Installing the Computer Interface 1. After you have secured the PCI card in the computer and replaced the cover, turn the computer on. 2. At bootup, Windows will try to install the new hardware. If it cannot locate the driver, you will be prompted to enter the directory path, either by keyboard entry or by using the browse function.

  • Page 106: Table 9. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignments Before Installing Serial Card

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B alternative I/O addresses and interrupt levels so that conflicts can be resolved. Software is available to help identify specific conflicts. The following example may serve to illustrate the problem. Suppose you had a system with an ISA network card, a PCI video card and an ISA sound card.
  • Page 107 There are no operating considerations that are unique to the PCI Serial card. The card can easily accept data as fast as any Princeton Instruments System now available can send it. The incoming data is temporarily stored in the card’s memory, and then transferred to the main computer memory when the card gains access to the bus.

  • Page 108: Setting Up A Usb 2.0 Interface

    USB 2.0 Installation To Replace a TAXI Module Interface Control Module with a USB 2.0 Module: If you ordered a USB 2.0 Interface module separately and are retrofitting an ST-133 that you already own, follow the module replacement instructions in "Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module"...

  • Page 109: Isa Serial Card

    Appendix I Installing the Computer Interface If you selected AUTO PCI during the application software installation, WinView/WinSpec automatically put the required INF, DLL, and USB driver file in the "Windows" directories shown below. Refer to Table 11 below for the appropriate file names and locations.

  • Page 110: Figure 61. Isa Board Switch And Jumper Settings

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B connector on the TAXI Interface Control Module panel. Take care to tighten the screws at both ends of the cable using a small, flat-bladed screwdriver. Figure 61. ISA Board Switch and Jumper Settings Figure 62. Computer Expansion Slots for installing an ISA Buffer Card Power-On Checks Replace the cover of the computer and turn on the computer only.

  • Page 111: Warranty & Service

    Warranty & Service Limited Warranty: Roper Scientific Analytical Instrumentation Roper Scientific, Inc. ("Roper Scientific," us," "we," "our") makes the following limited warranties. These limited warranties extend to the original purchaser ("You", "you") only and no other purchaser or transferee. We have complete control over all warranties and may alter or terminate any or all warranties at any time we deem necessary.
  • Page 112 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B Sealed Chamber Integrity Limited 24 Month Warranty Roper Scientific warrants the sealed chamber integrity of all our products for a period of twenty-four (24) months after shipment. If, at anytime within twenty-four (24) months from the date of delivery, the detector should experience a sealed chamber failure, all parts and labor needed to restore the chamber seal will be covered by us.
  • Page 113 Warranty & Service Owner's Manual and Troubleshooting You should read the owner’s manual thoroughly before operating this product. In the unlikely event that you should encounter difficulty operating this product, the owner’s manual should be consulted before contacting the Roper Scientific technical support staff or authorized service representative for assistance.

  • Page 114: Contact Information

    ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B 10. All warranties implied by state law or non-U.S. laws, including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are expressly limited to the duration of the limited warranties set forth above. With the exception of any warranties implied by state law or non-U.S.

  • Page 115: Index

    Index CCD arrays blooming connector dark charge effects 64-pin DIN connector functions performed 53, 88 maximum on-chip integration readout of 58, 89 A/D converters 62, 64 shutter function zero adjustments signal-to-noise ratio vs on chip Accessories, alignment of integration time Actual exposure time 47, 86 theory of operation...
  • Page 116 ST-133 Controller Manual Version 3.B DIF camera (cont.) Focusing (cont.) Tips and Tricks video output Digitization Frame transfer DMA buffer size 30, 34 CCD requirements Dual A/D converters external sync Dual Image Feature (DIF) camera Freerun see DIF camera mode...
  • Page 117 Lens Coupled Intensifier (LCI) cabling to PTG Line voltage cooling selection experiment types selector drum first light refer to the PI-MAX manual Line voltage selection (ST-133) gate functions procedure LN camera operation pulsed operation Cautions and Warnings shutter setting coolant Timing Gen connector...
  • Page 118 Software binning Trig Indicator Software installation triggering Specifications inputs and outputs temperature control Readout Spectroscopy binning 59, 92 ST-133, introduction and description hardware 59, 92 Start pulse frame transfer Stop pulse subsection of array 59, 92 System components time Readout rate...
  • Page 119 38 owner's manual and troubleshooting module installation/removal under power 83 sealed chamber module securing screws software opening the ST-133 power module vacuum integrity operating unevacuated detector VersArray (XP) vacuum chamber overtightening the ST-133 module screws x-ray detector...
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