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Aphex FM Pro 2020 Operating & Service Manual

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Operating & Service Manual
The Model 2020 is protected under one or more of the following U. S. Patents:
5,930,374
5,898,395
5,896,458
5,848,167
5,737,432
Copyright 1995-2000 Aphex Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.
All Aphex product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Aphex Systems Ltd. Other brand and
product names mentioned within the manual are trademarks of their respective owners.
Updates to this manual and other important information about the Model 2020 may be found at:
Model 2020 FM Pro Audio Processor
Aphex Model 2020
FM Pro
Manufactured By
Aphex Systems Ltd.
11068 Randall St.
Sun Valley, California 91352
U. S. A.
5,612,612
5,485,077
5,483,600
5,463,695
5,450,034
http://www.aphex.com
5,424,488
5,422,602
5,359,665
5,334,947
5,155,769
5,115,471
4,939,471
4,843,626
4,633,501
4,578,648
Page C-1

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  • Page 1 4,578,648 Copyright 1995-2000 Aphex Systems Ltd. All rights reserved. All Aphex product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Aphex Systems Ltd. Other brand and product names mentioned within the manual are trademarks of their respective owners. Updates to this manual and other important information about the Model 2020 may be found at: http://www.aphex.com...
  • Page 2 FM Pro Quick Setup Guide Notice Following this guide will get you up and running but without much understanding of what you are doing. We highly recommend at least a minimal study of the manual. It is written for fast and easy reading. All menus branch from the Main menu.
  • Page 3 1.0 Table of Contents 2.0 Product Description 2.1 The FM Pro Story 2.2 Description 2.3 Applications 2.4 Table of Options 2.5 Feature List 3.0 The User Interface 3.1 Metering and Status 3.1.1 Input Meter 3.1.2 Leveling Meter 3.1.3 Multiband Compressor 3.1.4 Limiter 3.1.5 Status Indicators 3.1.5.1 16.5 KHz Lowpass Filter...
  • Page 4 1.0 Table Of Contents 4.4 Password Security Page 4.5 Main Menu Page 1 of 2 4.5.1 Password Menu 4.5.1.1 Edit Password 4.5.1.2 View Password 4.5.1.3 Log in 4.5.1.4 Log out 4.5.2 Presets 4.5.2.1 Recall Preset 4.5.2.2 Save Preset 4.5.2.3 View list 4.5.2.4 Day Parting 4.5.2.4.1 Edit Day Parting 4.5.2.4.2 View parting...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    1.0 Table Of Contents 1.0 Table Of Contents 5.6 The Multiband Compressor 5.6.1 Post Crossover Method 5.6.2 Wave Dependent Compression (WDC) 5.6.3 Peak Accelerated Compression (PAC) 5.6.4 Adjustable Crossovers (Band Filters) 5.6.5 Output Mixing 5.6.6 Adjustable Release Timing 5.6.7 Band Coupling 5.6.8 Stereo Coupling 5.6.9 The VCA Technology 5.7 Split Band Bass Processor/Limiter...
  • Page 6 1.0 Table Of Contents 7.2 What You Can Do With Presets 7.2.1 Recalling Presets 7.2.2 Saving Presets 7.2.3 Viewing Presets 7.2.4 Day-Part Scheduling 7.3 The Auto Save Feature 7.4 Do I Really Need To Create Presets? 7.5 Classes Of Presets 7.5.1 Factory Presets 7.5.2 User Presets 7.5.3 Global Preset...
  • Page 7 1.0 Table Of Contents 10.3 Presets Memory 10.4 Mode Settings 10.4.1 Mono Modes 10.4.2 Stereo Mode 10.5 Pilot Function 10.6 Multiplex Output 10.7 Multiplex Cable Connections 10.8 Modulation Overshoot Problems 10.8.1 STL Problems 10.8.2 FM Exciter Problems 10.8.3 Composite Clippers 10.9 Using RDS Encoders 11.
  • Page 8 1.0 Table Of Contents 12.4.3 Analog Line Outputs 12.4.4 Digital Inlut 12.4.5 Digital Output 12.4.6 Composite Baseband Output 12.4.7 Remote Control Interface 12.4.9 Physical 12.4.10 Environmental 13. Test & Calibration 14. Installation Instructions 14.1 Unpacking 14.2 Damage & Claims 14.3 Mains Voltage and Fuses 14.4 Power Cord 14.6 Mounting In A Rack 14.6 Proper Ventillation...
  • Page 9 1.0 Table Of Contents 18.4 Digital Versus Analog Processing 18.5 How to Use the Model 2020 18.5.1 Set the Input Level 18.5.2 Set the Output Level 18.5.3 Set Up the Processing 18.6 Bit Rate Effects Model 2020 FM Pro Audio Processor Page 1-7...
  • Page 10 Naturally, we borrowed 2.3 Applications upon many of the proven and exclusive Aphex The flexibility of the Aphex FM Pro makes it patented circuits to achieve a technically excellent design, but while we were at it we invented at least...
  • Page 11 2.0 Product Description 2.4 FM Pro OPTIONS Analog Analog PPDM AES/EBU Pre-Emp Stereo Stereo Limiter Input Output Output Basic Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 2.5 FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES 1. Analog and Digital Stereo Inputs 9. Optional Digicoder stereo generator module 2.
  • Page 12 3.0 The User Interface Figure 3-1 illustrates the front panel features of the 3.1.3 Multiband Compressor FM Pro. You may refer to that diagram for a quick Four green 10-segment bargraph meters labeled summary of all available controls and indicators. “Low”, ”Mid 1”, “Mid 2”, and “High”...
  • Page 13 Dynamic Verification Gate is an If the option is installed, then the LED indicates Aphex patented invention that allows the leveler’s whether the Pre-emphasis Limiter is switched on gain correction to move only during the brief or off.
  • Page 14 Sticky Leveler is turned on. The Sticky the gain of the opposite channel through a slow leveller is a new Aphex invention that keeps averaging effect. the leveler’s gain frozen until the input signal amplitude changes by more than a certain amount.
  • Page 15 3.0 The User Interface cursors move the pointer up and down through Note: The output controls are located in the selections on a menu page, while the left and Processing, Input/Output menu. right cursors switch between multiple pages of a multipage menu.
  • Page 16 The menu system sleeps when not in use by a menu features. logged in user. During this time, the “Welcome to Aphex” logo screen is displayed. This screen 4.2 Menu Display Features displays the current time and software version. How To Make Selections 1.
  • Page 17 From the Password Menu, select F4-Log Out and This page allows you to overwrite the password press Enter. The “Welcome to Aphex” logo screen with a new one or to delete the password all will pop up. If a password is in effect, the FM pro together.
  • Page 18 4.0 Navigating The Menus 4.5.2.1 Recall Preset to see the name and date of origin of any of the presets in the Fm Pro. All six pages of presets are Six pages of presets will be displayed. From here available to view, and can be accessed by pressing you can instantly put any available preset on the air.
  • Page 19 4.0 Navigating The Menus Note: Refer to the appropriate sections of this 4.5.3.1.4 Limiter/Bass Menu manual for a detailed description of the process- This menu has two pages. Page one gives control ing parameters and how to set them up. over the master limiter drive, the bass drive, and the brightness enhancer.
  • Page 20 For a quick adjustment of the on-air loudness, enter software installed in the FM Pro. The telephone the More or Less! menu and use the Spin dial number for Aphex Systems customer support is to increase or decrease the FM Pro’s processing also displayed. Nice touch, right? density.
  • Page 21 4.0 Navigating The Menus Blank Page Model 2020 FM Pro Audio Processor Page 4-6...
  • Page 22 5.1 Processing Overview absolutely peak limit the audio signal while allow- ing significant bass improvements to be obtained. The Aphex FM Pro is a complete audio processor The interactivity greatly reduces the occurrence for FM broadcasting. Contained in an FM Pro are of intermodulation distortion.
  • Page 23 5.0 Detailed Audio Processing Description 5. Spectral Phase Refractor 5.3.2.4 Pre-emphasis Assist Equalizer * 6. Analog/Digital Input Select This equalizer is a portion of the distributed pre-emphasis method used in the FM Pro. It is 5.3.1 Input Selection switched on for 75 microseconds and off for 50 The analog input signal is passed through a digi- microseconds.

  • Page 24: The Multiband Compressor

    5.0 Detailed Audio Processing Description of leveling gain is converted to a series of small limit to something less than 15dB. Perhaps you adjustments which take place at times in the audio don’t want the leveler to correct for low level envelope when the corrective gain changes will signals below -10dB, for example.

  • Page 25: Post Crossover Method

    The DAC’s are used in linear feedback 5.6.2 Wave Dependent Compression (WDC)* mode providing extremely low distortion and noise. Aphex perfected it’s “Easy Rider” (the commercial No digital potentiometers or digital resistors are name we gave to the wave dependent compressor)

  • Page 26: Band Coupling

    5.6.9 The VCA Technology One of the hallmarks of Aphex products is our extremely high quality proprietary VCA, the VCA1001. Having gone through exhaustive devel- opment it is somewhat costly, but it is simply the best audio VCA in the world.

  • Page 27: Phase Coherent Crossover

    Aphex Systems. In such a crossover, all output design which can either anticipate or directly detect frequencies remain in phase between the low and middle and high frequency clipping that is caused high bands.

  • Page 28: Brightness Processor

    5.0 Detailed Audio Processing Description in the FM Pro, the SBC output will be sent directly 5.9 Pre-emphasis Limiter to the audio output control system. Otherwise, it The Pre-emphasis Limiter is an optional stereo will be sent to the Pre-emphasis limiter for further module which generates and manages a dynamic audio processing.

  • Page 29: Digital I/O Module

    “Using Multiplex” for detailed information about this option. Additionally, you might like to look at the appendicies for detailed information on multiplex generators and the Aphex proprietary PPDM technology. 5.11 Digital I/O Module The AES/EBU interface module is another option available foir the FM Pro.

  • Page 30: Setting Up Processing

    6.0 Setting Up Processing The two major functions of FM audio processing In your quest to create the perfect on-air sound, you are to absolutely control and limit the transmitter’s will be faced with the question of how “loudness” modulation, and to generate a desired sonic char- factors in.

  • Page 31: Leveling

    6.0 Setting Up processing more expert. For now, we will step through things pumping. When on, the DVG reduces the pumping sequentially. The steps of adjustments are as effect and makes the audibility of leveling much follows. less perceptible. 1. Leveling 6.6.3 Sticky Leveler 2.

  • Page 32: Crossovers

    The crossovers associated noise floor to allow light compression without an with the factory presets are good choices in most appreciable noise penalty. With Aphex you have cases. it all. To keep all 4 bands fully formed, crossover tuning 6.7.3 Band Release...

  • Page 33: Band Mix

    6.0 Setting Up processing desired dynamic program enhancement. 6.8 Peak Limiting 6.7.4 Band Mix The limiter’s master drive control may be consid- This is where you can set the overall tonal balance ered to be a master gain control operating after of the program.

  • Page 34: Brightness Enhancement

    An embedded distributed clipper is associ- At Aphex, we believe that high quality and the ated with the final non-overshooting 15KHz low- ability to be competitive in audio processing can pass filter of each channel.
  • Page 35 6.0 Setting Up processing are currently using the preset that was selected No matter the system, this processing tradeoff is and named above. The processor is now able to be always present. The FM Pro has a great many tools customized to fit the stations needs.

  • Page 36: All About Presets

    7.0 All About Presets 7.1 What Are Presets? new default preset. The Recall Menu pointer will be moved to the newly saved preset loca- Presets are data arrays kept in memory to mass tion. program the FM Pro on demand. Each preset contains all data needed to digitally control every 7.2.3 Viewing Presets...

  • Page 37: Do I Really Need To Create Presets

    7.0 All About Presets Menu). We highly recommend you always keep There are 16 user presets comprising the memory it “on” unless you absolutely need the 16th preset locations U01 through U16. These presets are memory for a running preset, in which case you re-writable by users having read-write log in privi- wouldn’t want Auto Save to overwrite it.

  • Page 38: Tutorial--Building And Using Presets

    7.0 All About Presets The Global Parameters A. Processing Menu, Input/Output Menu pages 1,2,3 Input reference level Peak output level Unit bypass on/off 20Hz High Pass Filter on/off 16.5kHz Low Pass Filter on/off Spectral Phase Refractor (SPR) on/off Stereo Insert on/off Input Source: A or D Output: A, D, or A&D B.

  • Page 39: Saving A Preset (And Making The Global Preset)

    7.0 All About Presets Figure 7-1 Presets Menu Tree Action: Recall a starting preset Note: When the unit wakes up for the first time, Once you set up the global parameters you are Factory Preset #1 (P01) is loaded into all the ready to start building your own presets.

  • Page 40: Day Parting (F4)

    7.0 All About Presets you’ve entered and will update the date to the Pro. You needn’t be concerned about any blocked current date. It will also show the name of the user out parameters since the unit deals with them who is currently logged in.
  • Page 41 7.0 All About Presets Note: If you set the same time on two or more events, the lowest numbered event is enacted, while the others are ignored by the scheduler. Move the cursor to the right hand side of the screen and using the Spin Dial choose a preset (P01 thru P08 or U01 thru U16).

  • Page 42: Password Security System

    8.0 Password Security System Figure 8-1. Password System Figure 8-1. Password System 8.1 Why A Security System? 8.2 Log-in Access In most modern broadcast installations, it is impor- tant to prevent any unauthorized viewing or chang- To pass from the logo screen to the main menu ing of the processing.

  • Page 43: Logging Out

    8.0 Password Security System Pro will revert back to the preset which was in be notified by the screen and allowed to enter effect at the time you logged in, or the last preset the main menu by again pressing the enter key. you saved while working.

  • Page 44: Clearing The Password Memory

    8.0 Password Security System audio processing. The only way to overcome an unknown password is to clear the password memory using the hardware password jumper as follows. 8.6.1 Clearing The Password Memory To reset the password to null: remove ac power, take out the the 14 cover screws, and remove the cover.
  • Page 45 8.0 Password Security System Blank Page Model 2020 FM Pro Audio Processor Page 8-4...

  • Page 46: Using Digital Audio

    9.0 Using Digital Audio ready for all such improvements. Furthermore, use 9.1 Connecting AES/EBU Lines of a 20-bit a/d converter assures there will be The FM Pro digital audio interface operates with no appreciable noise or distortion generated by professional AES/EBU standard specifications. If the converter itself, leaving the question of audio your digital audio cables are somewhat lengthy, quality entirely up to the digital audio source.

  • Page 47: Facts About Digital Audio, Bit Rate Reduction And Dynamics Processing

    Unfortunately, the compromises needed to make Note: Thanks to an Aphex patent pending digital audio practical for most purposes are severe. design, the digital output of the FM Pro is free For this reason, not only is the digital audio found of all dc drift and bounce.
  • Page 48 In broadcasting this to clipping, and by using a high quality analog brick can be a problem. wall peak limiter such as the Aphex Dominator to prevent audio peaks from ever exceeding the a/d Dynamics processing, by definition, will change the clip level.
  • Page 49 9.0 Using Digital Audio However, if the STL is placed after the FM Pro, the STL digital audio output will not be suitable for direct connection to a digital FM Exciter. For these reasons and reasons already given, we recommend placing the FM Pro at the transmitter site in all cases involving a data reduced digital STL.

  • Page 50: Using Multiplex

    The FM Pro stereo generator is similar to the inserting an additional subcarrier signal for a certain PPDM circuit used in the world renown Aphex period during the day. In this case it is necessary Digicoder. PPDM (parallel path digital modulation) to limit the mono modulation to 90%.

  • Page 51: Multiplex Output

    10.0 Using Multiplex One way you can test your STL is with a square- to approximately 11% modulation. The typical wave generator and oscilloscope. Feed the tone setting is 9% modulation. Though probably not into the STL transmitter at around 20% modulation good practice, you can create different pilot injec- and observe the receiver’s output on the scope.

  • Page 52: Using Rds Encoders

    10.0 Using Multiplex generate spurious frequencies which will fall into the subcarrier frequency band. The result can be to create a synthetic multipath distortion effect which will reduce your effective broadcast coverage area. Please do not use a composite clipper beyond the minimum clipping needed to compensate for STL overshoot.

  • Page 53: Remote Operation

    FM Pro but is also 11.3 Communications Cable Hook-Ups available from any Aphex dealer and it can be downloaded from the Internet web site at http:// You can connect your computer to the FM Pro www.aphexsys.com.

  • Page 54: Pc To Modem

    11.3.2.2 PC To Modem System You may use either an internal or an external Even though the Aphex remote software runs under modem with your PC. If using an external modem, Windows 3.1x or Windows 95, you do not have you’ll need a standard serial cable from the PC...

  • Page 55: Troubleshooting The Modem

    Type modems. As time goes by, we will post additional modem information on the Internet at our web site www.aphex.com. 11.5 PC Remote Control Main Form When you first start the program you will see the Main Form of figure 11-5. This form links you to all the program functions such as the control panels, presets, and communications.

  • Page 56: Port Direct Linking

    11.0 Remote Operation 11.6 Port Direct Linking 11.8 Using The Remote Control Panel To begin direct communications, open the “Com” From the Tools menu, select Controls. This opens menu and select the com port you will be using. up the tabbed control of figure 11-8, giving you Next, select “Port Direct”...

  • Page 57: The View Menu

    11.0 Remote Operation location for your new preset. Once you chose the location, click Save. The preset editor opens and allows you to name the preset, and add other information. When you again click Save the information will be uploaded to the FM Pro’s presets memory.

  • Page 58: Product Specifications

    12.0 Product Specifications 12.1 Getting Meaningful Numbers Once an audio processor exceeds the simplest single-band structure, traditional performance specifications tend to become irrelevant. The usual test tone measurements will almost never reflect the performance of the processor under normal operating conditions. Specifications for dynamic conditions, if possible to measure, would require specially built measuring instruments unavailable to the user.

  • Page 59: Test Equipment Connections

    12.0 Product Specifications 12.3 Test Equipment Connections Figure 12-1 shows how equipment was arranged for development of the specifications. It is not the intention here to instruct you specifically how to measure the specifications, however. Please refer to the section on test and calibration for detailed measurement instructions. Figure 12-1 Test setup for the specifications relating to analog I/O.

  • Page 60: Analog Input

    12.0 Product Specifications 12.4.2 Analog Input Configuration Left and right Input Impedance 10K Ohms Common Mode Rejection >70dB 50Hz - 20KHz Sensitivity -24dBu to +10dBu for nominal input level Maximum Input Level +27dBu Connector Type XLR 3-Pin Female EMI Suppressed. Pin 1 chassis ground, Pins 2 & 3 electronically balanced, floating and symmetrical.

  • Page 61: Digital Output

    Adjustable 7% to 11% mix Frequency Stability Pilot and subcarrier +/- 10ppm -50 to +80 deg C ambient Stereo Generator Technology Aphex patented Parallel Path Digital Modulation (PPDM) Pilot Phase Error 0 degrees guaranteed by PPDM design Spurious Output better than -72dB above 55KHz, typical <-85dB...

  • Page 62: Remote Control Interface

    12.0 Product Specifications Harmonic Distortion Better than 0.003% within stereo generator Intermodulation Distortion Better than 0.003% within stereo generator Frequency Response 1Hz to 15KHz +/1 0.1dB, -3dB at 0.159Hz and 15.5KHz 12.4.7 Remote Control Interface Configuration RS232 standard serial port Connector DB-9 male Control capability...

  • Page 63: Test & Calibration

    2020 to verify both channels. We continuously put new technical information on the worldwide web at www.aphex.com/2020. Be sure to check it occasionally to discover if any pertinent information is available concerning the problems you may be experiencing.

  • Page 64: Installation Instructions

    Nevertheless, Aphex recommends mak- The chassis is designed to be fully supported by ing a careful inspection of the shipping carton and front panel mounting alone.

  • Page 65: Analog Balanced I/O

    14.0 Installation Instructions in the work area. It is never a good idea to work phasing problems. alone in the vicinity of high power electrical and radio frequency equipment. 14.8.3 Main Output Wiring The balanced output impedance of 65 ohms is 14.8 Analog Balanced I/O optimized for driving long cables and consequently 14.8.1 Standard Wiring...

  • Page 66: Multiplex Output

    14.0 Installation Instructions connectors as specified by the professional AES/ EBU standards. Complete details about connecting and using the digital audio interface are available in section 9, “Using Digital Audio”, of this manual. AES/EBU Connector Wiring Female (Input) Male (Output) Pin-1 = GND Pin-1 = GND Pin-2 = Positive...

  • Page 67: Schematics

    The diagrams included in this manual are intended principally as a resource for competent maintenance personnel. Many of the circuits are patented and are therefore protected under patent laws. Aphex Systems reserves all patent rights. It shall not be construed that publishing of schematics in this manual grants or implies permission for use in any way.
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  • Page 97 Aphex if the exact replacement is not available from local resources. Certain parts are made exclu- sively by or for Aphex and must be ordered directly from us or through our distributors. 16.2 Disclaimer...
  • Page 98 IC Socket, 16-pin 310-0060 None Heat sink (for U1) 700-0100 I/O Board Assembly: 050-2940 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2,C3,C4,C7,C8 Cap, Elect., NP, Music 22mF +/-20% 225-0020 C5,C6,C21,C22,C27,C28 Cap, Polyester, .2” LS .47mF +/-5% 190-1360 C11,C12,C29,C30...
  • Page 99 C20, C21, C22, C23, C24, C25, Cap, Elec., NP 22mF +/-20% 225-0020 C26, C27 Octal Sidechain Board Assembly: 050-2980 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C3,C4,C6,C7,C9,C10,C12, Cap, Tant 1.0mF +/-20% 220-0020 C13,C15,C16,C18,C19,C21, C22,C24 C2,C5,C8,C11,C14,C17,C20, Cap, Tant 4.7mF +/-20% 220-0220...
  • Page 100 16.0 Parts Lists Octal VCA Board Assembly: 050-3000 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2,C3,C4,C7,C8,C9,C10 Cap, Mica 20pF +/-5% 160-0060 C13,C14,C15,C16,C19,C20, C21,C22 C5,C6,C11,C12 Cap, Polyester .33mF +/-10% 190-0760 C17,C18,C23,C24 C25,C26 Cap, Mica 10pF +/-5% 160-0020 C27,C28,C29,C30,C31,C32 Cap, Monolithic Ceramic, Z5U .1mF...
  • Page 101 None PC Board, 100% Tested 770-4140 None IC Socket, 8-Pin 310-0020 Silence Gate/Leveler Board Assembly: 050-3040 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2,C4,C5,C6,C7,C9,C10 Cap, Mica 10pF +/-5% 160-0020 Cap, Tant +/-20% 220-0020 C8,C11,C15 Cap, Polyester 0.33mF +/-10%...
  • Page 102 310-0080 None Heat Spreader 040-0040 None Test Point 840-0720 Limiter/Bass Proc Board Assembly: 050-2900 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N Cap, Mica 10pf +/-5% 160-0020 C2,C5,C6,C7,C8,C10,C11 Cap, Polypropylene .01uf +/-2.5% 190-1380 C3,C4 Cap, Polyester .047uf +/-5% 190-0340...
  • Page 103 IC Socket, 16-Pin DIP 310-0060 None IC Socket, 18-Pin DIP 310-0080 Meter Board Assembly: 050-3060 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C3,C5,C6 Cap, Elect., NP, Music 22mF +/-20% 225-0020 C2,C4,C7 Cap, Polyester, .3” LS 0.1mF +/-5% 190-0840 C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13 Cap, Monolithic Ceramic, Z5U 0.1mF...
  • Page 104 PC Board, 100% Tested 770-4240 None IC Socket, 14-Pin 310-0040 DAC Board Assembly: 050-3080 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C3,C5,C7 Cap, Mica 10pF +/-5% 160-0020 C2,C4,C6,C8 Cap, Polyester, .1” L.S. MKS02 .1mF +/-10% 190-1820 C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14, Cap, Mono Ceramic, NP0...
  • Page 105 Socket, IC, 20-pin, 0.3” wide 310-0220 None Socket, IC, 28-pin, 0.6” wide 310-1480 Pre-emphasis Limiter Assembly 050-3180 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2,C3,C6,C8,C9,C11, 20pf MICA 20pF +/-5% 160-0060 Model 2020 FM Pro Audio Processor Page 16-9...
  • Page 106 IC Socket, 18-Pin 310-0080 TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4 Test Point 840-0720 I/O Filter Board Assembly 050-3100 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C3,C5,C7,C9,C10,C11, Cap, Ceramic Disk, NP0 100pF +/-5% 230-0320 C12,C13,C15,C17,C18 C2,C4,C6,C8,C14,C16,C19, Cap, Monolithic Ceramic, NP0 470pF +/-5% 235-0140...
  • Page 107 380-0750 None PC Board, 100% Tested 770-4320 15KHz Lowpass Filter Assembly 050-3280 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1, C12, C14 Capacitor Poly 1000pF +/-2.5% 190-1540 C2, C5, C10, C13, C20 Capacitor Poly 330pF +/-2.5% 190-1440 C3, C4, C15, C19 Capacitor Poly .01uF...
  • Page 108 None Socket, 18-pin 310-0080 None Socket, 14-pin 310-0040 Computer Board Assembly 050-3160 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2 Cap, Mono. Ceramic, NP0, .1” LS 22pF +/-5% 230-0540 Cap, Polyester 0.047mF +/-5% 190-1640 100uf 100mF +/-20% 200-0260...
  • Page 109 Header, 3-pin RA*** 310-0440 None Jumper, shorting 840-1080 BNC Filter Assembly 050-3220 Item Quan Reference Designators Description Value Tol. Aphex P/N C1,C2 Capacitor, Ceramic Disk, NP0 47pF +/-5% 230-0040 Filter, TDK P/N ZJY51R5-2P 360-0120 BNC Jack 310-1000 Resistor, Tin-Oxide Film 100R...
  • Page 110 310-0220 None Socket, IC, 16-pin 310-0060 None Socket, IC, 14-pin 310-0040 Master Assembly Assembly 020-3000 Item Quan Ref. Des. Description Aphex P/N None Front Panel Assembly 060-0020 None Bracket Assembly, Card Guide 060-0080 None Chassis Assembly 060-0060 None 600-0020 Screw, #6-32 X 5 / 8 ” Ph F/H, Black...
  • Page 111 Units may not be shipped to Aphex for service and may void the warranty which is solely at the without first obtaining an RMA (returned material discretion of Aphex Systems.
  • Page 112 EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN DAMAGES Aphex Systems’ liability for any defective unit is limited to the repair or replacement of said unit, at our option, and shall not include damages of any other kind, whether incidental, consequential, or otherwise.
  • Page 113 18.0 Web Broadcasting Applications 18.2.2 Peak Limiting 18.1 Why process the Audio? The peaks of a program don’t necessarily relate directly to the sound level as our ears detect it. If Listenability the leveling was done to satisfy the ear, then there ·...
  • Page 114 18.0 Web Broadcasting Applications by Aphex, into one unit. The entire complex pro- 18.5.2 Set the Output Level cessing chain works interactively and harmoni- If you are using the digital output, then you ously, specifically avoiding all the sonic aberrations don’t need to worry about this.

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