Perkins ACHILLES A28S Owner's Handbook Manual
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Perkins ACHILLES A28S Owner's Handbook Manual

Perkins ACHILLES A28S Owner's Handbook Manual

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VERSION 09042022
POWER BY
A28S
CRAWLER EXCAVATOR
OWNER'S HANDBOOK

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Summary of Contents for Perkins ACHILLES A28S

  • Page 1 VERSION 09042022 POWER BY A28S CRAWLER EXCAVATOR OWNER’S HANDBOOK...
  • Page 2 NOTE PAGE...
  • Page 3 International Organization for Standardization Japanese Industrial Standard Volume (Liter) Low speed L/min Liter per minute Military Standards ROPS Roll-over Protective Structures Revolutions Per minute Society of Automotive Engineering Achilles A28S English (Australia) AQ . B . 7 - 7 . 2 . AK...
  • Page 4 GENERAL SYMBOLS The instruments and operation elements have been marked with a series of symbols in order to simplify the operation of your excavator. These symbols are listed below with the respective descriptions. “ Bucket dump Safety alert Symbol ” Boom swing (left) Warning lamp “Fuel level too low”...
  • Page 5 FOREWORD ACHILLES MACHINERY AUSTRALIA In this Operating Manual, the operation, repair, lubrication, maintenance, adjustment and of A28S hydraulic excavator are introduced so as to troubleshooting provide its operators with basic knowledge for efficient, economical and proper operating of the excavator. Before operating the excavator, operators must read this Manual carefully and completely so as to guarantee correct and standardized operation.
  • Page 6 SAFETY FIRST This symbol, the industry’s “Safety Alert Symbol”, is used throughout this manual and on labels on the machine itself to warn of the possibility of personal injury. Read these instructions carefully. It is essential that you read the instructions and safety regulations before you attempt to assemble or use this unit.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    CONTENTS TWO PATTERN SELECTION SAFE OPERATION ....1 SYSTEM (TPSS) ....31 OPERATION OFTHE BOOM ..32 DEALER SERVICE....13 OPERATION OFTHE ARM ..32 OPERATION OF BUCKET ..33 TECHNICAL DATA ....14 SWIVEL (UNIT SWING) OPERATION ....33 Operating Instructions BOOM SWING OPERATION ..
  • Page 8 EVERY 250 SERVICE HOURS ... 56 EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS ... 59 EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS .. 62 EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS OR ONCE AYEAR ....63 EVERY 2000 SERVICE HOURS .. 63 ANNUAL SERVICING .... 64 BIENNIAL SERVICING... 64 OTHER SERVICING ....
  • Page 10 The best insurance against accidents is to abide by the safety regulations. Read and understand this section carefully, before operating the excavator. Every user, however experienced, should carefully read and understand this section and those of the attachments and accessories before taking the excavator into operation.
  • Page 11 6. Track standard width is 1400mm 7. Do not use the excavator under the influence of alcohol, medication as well as other substances. Fatigue is also dangerous. 8. Check the surroundings carefully before  During excavator use do not allow any using the excavator or when attachments are being attached.

  • Page 12: Safe Operation

    2. STARTING OF THE EXCAVATOR 11. Do not allow passengers to get on any part of the excavator seat throughout Get into and out of the machine safely. operation. Always face the machine. Always use 12. Check mechanical parts for correct handrails and available steps and keep adjustments and wear.
  • Page 13 Do not run the engine in closed or badly Never allow children to operate the ventilated rooms. Carbon monoxide is machine even under adult supervision. colorless, odorless and deadly. Never allow children to play on the machine or on the attachments. Use extra caution when backing up.
  • Page 14 4. SAFE LOADING AND TRANSPORT Do not brake abruptly with the excavator OF THE EXCAVATOR loaded. Mortal accidents could happen. If the excavator is used to tow another Observe all regulations concerning the machine, the load must be smaller than transport of excavators on public roads.
  • Page 15 To avoid short-circuiting the battery, 13. Use a face mask or eye protection to always remove the earth cable first and protect the eyes and respiratory system attach the plus cable first. against dust and other foreign particles. Keep a first-aid box and a fire extinguisher at hand at all times.
  • Page 16 6. DANGER, WARNING AND CAUTION LABELS...
  • Page 18 (1) Code No. RC418-5728-4 (2) Code No. RC418-5727-4 (3) Code No. RD809-5736-1 (4) Code No. RD809-5738-2 (5) Code No. RA228-5751-2 1BAAAARAP1000...
  • Page 19 (1) Code No. RC108-5718-1 (2) Code No. RA228-5728-2 [Both sides] (4) Code No. RA228-5776-1 (6) Code No. RC108-5796-1 (3) Code No. RD148-5736-1 [Both sides] Diesel fuel only No fire (5) Code No. 68328-5735-1 [Both sides] (7) Code No. RB419-5796-2 [Both sides]...
  • Page 20 (1) Code No. RB238-5737-1 (2) Code No. RC418-5737-2 (3) Code No. TC030-4958-1 (4) Code No. RC108-5754-1 1BAAAAQAP0860 7. CARE OF DANGER, WARNING AND CAUTION LABELS (1) Keep danger, warning and caution labels, clean and free from obstructing material. (2) Clean danger, warning and caution labels with soap and water, dry with a soft cloth. (3) Replace damaged or missing danger, warning and caution labels with new labels from your ACHILLES dealer.

  • Page 22: Dealer Service

    DEALER SERVICE Your ACHILLES dealer is always ready to help so that your excavator offers the best performance. After having carefully read this manual, you will realize that much of the routine maintenance done yourself. Your ACHILLES dealer is responsible for servicing and the delivery of spare parts.

  • Page 23: Technical Data

    A28S Type Canopy / Cabin Operating weight 2700 (kg) (including operator's) Water cooled diesel engine with 3 cylinders Type YANMAR 3TNV80 / Perkins 403D-11 Model name Total displacement 898 (54.8) Engine cc (cu.in) Engine power (28.2) / (23.9) (Hp) SAE gross...

  • Page 24: Description Of Machine Parts

    DESCRIPTION OF MACHINE PARTS...
  • Page 25 BONNET B / R AND ENGINE HOOD REAR COVER...
  • Page 28  Control Pedals and Levers ...

  • Page 29: Before Start

    BEFORE START DAILY CHECKS TILTING THE SEAT In order to avoid damage, it is important to CAUTION check the condition of the excavator before To avoid personal injury: starting.  Lock the lever for attachment control when tilting the seat. CAUTION To avoid personal injury: ...
  • Page 30 To close the bonnet B, make sure the  Opening/closing the Rear bonnet left bonnet is locked, unlock the lock lever and push the rear bonnet until it clicks into position. To lock the bonnet, turn the starter key counterclockwise to the horizontal position.

  • Page 33: Operation Of The Engine

    OPERATION OF THE ENGINE STARTING THE ENGINE CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Read “SAFE OPERATION” at CAUTION the beginning of this operator's To avoid personal injury: manual.  The operator should  Obey the danger, warning and depend solely on the alarm caution labels on the excavator.
  • Page 34 Pull the lock lever all the way back. (lock  Display Selector Switch position). Press the display selector switch, and the Insert the key into the starter switch electronic meter’s LCD display will change and turn it to the "RUN" position, and the from one indication mode to the other.
  • Page 35  Charge Lamp  LCD Display for Normal Operation This warning lamp lights up if the charging  Fuel gauge system fails while the engine is running. When the starter switch is turned ”ON” with CAUTION the engine off, the lamp lights up, and when To avoid personal injury: the engine gets started, the lamp goes out.
  • Page 36 Procedure Stop the engine and check the following Press the work light switch or the display points (1)-(3). selector switch on the meter with the key OFF. (Keep the key at OFF.) The message shown above appears. Add fuel. The buzzer sound interval changes according to the amount fuel added.
  • Page 37 IMPORTANT:  LCD Display for Warning  Do not just look at the meter, but also  Remaining fuel warning carry out the inspection and correction When the fuel level is very low, the 3 lamp accordingly. (yellow) starts flashing and the following message appears in the display.

  • Page 38: Starting The Engine Under Cold Conditions

     Precautions in case of overheat IMPORTANT:  Let the engine warm up after start- up for approx. 10 minutes under no load CAUTION conditions. hydraulic fluid  Do not open the radiator cap temperature is too low, the operations during and just after operation.

  • Page 39: Starting With An Auxiliary Battery

    STARTING WITH AN AUXILIARY BATTERY CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Battery gases can explode. Do not smoke and keep sparks and flames away.  Do not start the engine with an auxiliary battery if excavator (1) Low battery battery is frozen. (2) Auxiliary battery ...

  • Page 40: Excavator Operation

    EXCAVATOR OPERATION CONTROL OBSERVATIONS DURING  Oil Change in the Run-in Stage The lubrication oil plays a specific and OPERATION important role during the run-in phase of the excavator. The numerous movable parts are  Stop the Engine immediately if: not yet run-in, so many fine metal particles ...
  • Page 41 1. Adjusting the Operator’s Seat times until the arrow mark comes to the center of the weight indicator (3). Move up the lever (2) toward G from the  Operator's Seat center (free state), and the spring force gets stronger. Move it down toward F, CAUTION and the spring force gets weaker.

  • Page 42: Two Pattern Selection System (Tpss)

     Working Light Switch If the key in “RUN” position, the lights can be switched on by pressing the switch. (1) Working light switch  Night operation CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Visibility is reduced in darkness, so that the working light alone enough.

  • Page 43: Operation Ofthe Boom

    IMPORTANT: When lowering the boom, make sure that  it does not hit the dozer and that the bucket teeth do not touch the dozer. OPERATION OF THE ARM Pull back the attachment control lever and the arm will be pulled in. To move the arm out, push the control lever towards the front.

  • Page 44: Operation Of Bucket

    OPERATION OF BUCKET SWIVEL (UNIT SWING) OPERATION To dig using the bucket, move the right CAUTION attachment control lever from the neutral To avoid personal injury: position left. Moving the control lever right,  When working groups, moves the bucket outwards and dumps its always let the others know contents.

  • Page 45: Boom Swing Operation

    BOOM SWING OPERATION BOOM SWING PEDAL Step on the left side of the pedal to swing WARNING the boom to the left. To avoid personal injury or death: Step on the right side of the pedal to  Always keep your toes within swing the boom to the right.
  • Page 49 To lock the swing frame with the track  Drive Levers (Right, Left) frame, engage the swing lock pin. Adjust the engine speed from idling to an WARNING intermediate speed. To avoid personal injury or death: Unlock the lock lever for attachment ...

  • Page 50: Turns

    TURNS  CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Do not change direction on steep slopes, or the excavator could tip over.  Before changing direction, beware of people in the working area.  Pivot Turn NOTE:  Movement illustrated shows turning directions with the dozer in the front.
  • Page 51  Change of Direction while Travelling  Spin Turn While travelling forwards, bring the left When both drive levers are activated in the (right) drive lever in the neutral position; opposite directions, both track will rotate the excavator will turn to the left (right). with the same speed but in opposite directions.

  • Page 52: Travelling

    UP AND DOWNHILL TRAVELLING PARKING ON A SLOPE CAUTION WARNING To avoid personal injury: To avoid personal injury or death:  Before travelling  When the excavator is parked or downhill, be sure to be in left unattended on a slope, be standard track width [49in.

  • Page 53: Important Information On Excavator Operation

    IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON  If the water or mud level reaches higher than the top of the tracks, the swivel EXCAVATOR OPERATION bearing, swivel motor gear and ring gear may be exposed to mud, water and other foreign objects.  Do not try to crush concrete or boulders The excavator must be properly pressure using side swings with the bucket.

  • Page 54: Transporting The Excavator On A Truck

    TRANSPORTING THE EXCAVATOR ON A TRUCK  Transporting on a Truck DANGER To avoid personal injury or death:  No directional changes should WARNING be made when the excavator is To avoid personal injury or death: on the ramp. Should a change ...
  • Page 55 For additional safety, use blocks or supports under the ramps and the truck bed. Align the ramps and the tracks and then drive the excavator slowly up the ramps. After ensuring that the tracks are completely on the truck bed, swivel the upper body around to the back of the truck.

  • Page 56: Lifting Of The Excavator

    LIFTING OF THE EXCAVATOR  Safety Aspects when Lifting with DANGER Cables or Straps To avoid personal injury or death:  The correct instructions for safe Abide by following steps when lifting: handling are described here. Do not lift loads that exceed the Read these instructions...
  • Page 57  Lifting Procedure Excavator WARNING To avoid personal injury or death.  Do not use the hooks on the roof of canopy and cabin for lifting the excavator.  General guidelines for lifting Lifting position. (see illustration) 1) Pull in the boom towards rear. 2) Pull in the arm completely.

  • Page 58: Maintenance

    MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE INTERVALS Hour meter indicator Ref. Checkpoints Interval Measures page 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 1000 2000 1 Fuel check Daily check check Daily check 2 Engine oil change every 250 hrs check Daily check 3 Hydraulic oil** change...
  • Page 59 IMPORTANT: ⦿ First operation  * Clean the air filter more frequently if used in dusty conditions. With heavy soiling, replace the filter. ** When using a hydraulic breaker, change hydraulic oil and return filter according to the table on “Hydraulic Oil Change (Including Exchange of the Suction Filter in the Hydraulic Tank)” under “EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS”...

  • Page 60: Daily Checks

    DAILY CHECKS NOTE:  Before delivery coolant were filled with 50 % water and 50 % antifreeze. For your own safety and to assure the long life of your machine, a careful check should  Check Fuel Level be made before each operation. CAUTION ...
  • Page 61 If necessary, open the tank cap with the  Check Engine Oil Level starter key, and add fuel. CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Stop the engine and remove the key before checking the oil level. Insert the engine oil dipstick fully into the prepared opening, remove again and check the oil level;...
  • Page 62  Check Hydraulic Oil Level Should the oil level be too low, fill oil through the oil port before starting the engine. This step is important for the CAUTION protection of the hydraulic system. To avoid personal injury:  First lower all attachments on the ground then stop the engine and remove the key.
  • Page 63  Lubrication Points CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  First lower all attachments on the ground then stop the engine and remove the key.  While greasing, take care not to step on the bucket teeth.  When doing excavation work in water, generously grease the following points.
  • Page 64  Cleaning of Engine and Electrical  Check Radiator and Oil Cooler Wiring CAUTION To avoid personal injury: CAUTION  Always stop the engine and To avoid personal injury: remove the key before checking  Always stop the engine and the radiator and the oil cooler.

  • Page 65: Regular Checks And Maintenance Work

    REGULAR CHECKS AND MAINTENANCE WORK EVERY 50 SERVICE HOURS A boost charge is only for emergencies. It will partially charge the battery at a high rate and in a short time.  Battery Charging When using a boost-charged battery, it is necessary to recharge the battery as CAUTION early as possible.
  • Page 66  Inspection and Cleaning of the Air  Air Filter Maintenance Filter Element Open the engine bonnet and remove the CAUTION dust-cover. Take out only outer element, To avoid personal injury: clean element, case interior  Wear eye protection. reassemble. During reassembly, take care to install the dust-cover so that its TOP mark (arrow) faces up-wards.

  • Page 67: Every 200 Service Hours

    EVERY 200 SERVICE HOURS EVERY 250 SERVICE HOURS Do all 50 and 100 hour servicing at the same Do all 50 hour servicing at the same time. time.  Engine Oil Change (First Engine Oil  Greasing of the Swing Bearing Change after 50 Service Hours) Grease through the respective grease nipple.
  • Page 68  Checking the Fan Belt Tension (1) Engine oil dipstick (A) Required level  Check and adjustment of the fan belt tension Let the engine idle for approx. 5 min. Check the engine oil level. To check the CAUTION engine oil level, insert the engine oil To avoid personal injury: dipstick completely into the respective ...
  • Page 69 IMPORTANT:  Replacing Engine Oil Filter  If the engine is run with a loose fan belt, (First Engine Oil Filter Change the belt could slip and cause overheating after 50 Service Hours) of the engine or insufficient battery Replace the oil filter cartridge at the charging.

  • Page 70: Every 500 Service Hours

    EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS  Replacing of Fuel Filter CAUTION Do all 50-, 100- and 250-hour servicing at To avoid personal injury: the same time.  Keep fire away.  Drive unit Oil Change Close the cock of the water separator. (First Oil Change at 100 hours) Remove the filter with the supplied fifter wrench.
  • Page 71  Replacing Hydraulic Return Filter  Battery Service Element (first replacement after DANGER 250 service hours) To avoid the possibility of a battery explosion: refillable type CAUTION battery, follow the instructions To avoid personal injury: below.  Remove the oil filter only after ...
  • Page 72  Draining water of the Fuel Tank CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Before draining water of the fuel tank, be sure to stop the engine and remove the key.  Do smoke during inspection. Remove the drain plug on the underside of the body and drain water.

  • Page 73: Every 1000 Service Hours

    EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS Remove the drain plug on the underside of the hydraulic tank and drain the oil. Do all 50, 100-, 200-, 250- and 500-hour servicing at the same time. (A) Oil  Hydraulic Oil Change (Including Replacing of the Suction Filter in the Hydraulic Tank) CAUTION To avoid personal injury:...

  • Page 74: Every 1000 Service Hours Or Once Ayear

    EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS OR  Hydraulic Oil Check with Hydraulic Breakers ONCE A YEAR The hydraulic oil change after 1000 operating hours in the operator's manual is based on  Replacing Air Filter Element normal excavator work. Following inspection Open the engine bonnet and remove the measures are valid when hydraulic breakers dust-cover.

  • Page 75: Annual Servicing

    ANNUAL SERVICING  Changing Radiator Coolant (In case of long-life coolant fluid) Stop the engine then remove the key and  Electrical Wiring and Fuses wait until it has cooled down completely. Check the terminals periodically for proper Open the drain plug on the bottom of the connections.

  • Page 76: Other Servicing

    OTHER SERVICING  Cleaning the Track Frame Slide Pipes When the slide pipes of the track frame are IMPORTANT: clogged or adhered with soil or sand, clean  Do not operate the engine without the slide pipes in the following manner coolant.

  • Page 77: Other Adjustments And Replacements

    OTHER ADJUSTMENTS AND REPLACEMENTS PURGING OF THE FUEL SYSTEM ADJUSTMENT OF TRACKS Fill up the excavator with fuel.  To loosen the tracks, follow the following Turn the starter key to the “RUN” procedure: position. fuel system will CAUTION automatically be purged within one To avoid personal injury: minute.
  • Page 78 Tension the tracks as specified: Apply grease (2) to the grease nipple (1). (1) Grease nipple (2) Grease gun (1) Seam (Mark “oo”) (A) 0.4 to 0.6 in. (10 to 15 mm) Tension the track in the lifted position, so that the distance "A"...

  • Page 79: Exchange Of Bucket Teeth And Side Cutters [Jpn Bucket Version]

    EXCHANGE OF BUCKET TEETH  Special Information when Using Rubber Tracks AND SIDE CUTTERS [JPN BUCKET When turning, make a slow swing turn. VERSION] Avoid spin turns to lessen lug wear and entry of dirt.  Bucket Tooth Replacement The relief valve may be activated if too much dirt and sand clog the tracks.
  • Page 80  Replacing the Bucket CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  The bucket can tilt over and cause accidents if in an unstable position. Therefore: 1) Only change the bucket if no other persons are in the area. 2) Lower the bucket on an even ground and make sure that it will not tilt when touched.

  • Page 81: Fuses

    FUSES  Slow Blow Fuse Slow blow fuse is provided to protect the electrical circuits. If the fusible link is blown,  Replacing Fuses check the electrical circuits for trouble and Remove the cover of the fuse box. then replace with a new compatible slow Replace the burnt out fuse with a fuse blow fuse.

  • Page 82: Troubleshooting

    TROUBLESHOOTING If the excavator does not show the desired performance, or when trouble arises, refer to the table below and undertake appropriate measures. Trouble Cause Countermeasure * Check fuel tank and filter Fuel is too viscous * Remove impurities and water * If necessary, replace filter * Remove water from the fuel tank * Check fuel pipe joint bolts and nuts for...
  • Page 83 Trouble Cause Countermeasure Boom, arm, Hydraulic oil level too low * Add oil bucket, drive, swing and dozer Leakages of hoses and / or power is too low * Replace hose or joint joints Blocked through stones * Remove Deviation of drive direction Track too loose or too tight * Adjust accordingly...
  • Page 84 ACHILLES AUSTRALIA NAVIGATION LIST OF MESSAGES If an error occurs with the machine, one of the following messages appears in the LCD display. In case of a trouble, immediately contact your local dealer for inspection and repair. Warning Problem or failure Machine behavior Message Correction...
  • Page 85  Service hour meter When the hour meter has counted up to the hours circled in the maintenance list below, the message appears. The message shows up as follows. Hour meter indicator Check points Measures Interval 100 250 300 500 550 600 750 800 1000 every 500 hrs Engine oil or every 1 year...

  • Page 86: Operation Under Cold Weather Conditions

    OPERATION UNDER COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS PREPARATION FOR OPERATION IN PROCEDURE AFTER DONE WORK COLD WEATHER Clean the excavator thoroughly after work and wipe dry. Otherwise mud and earth on Replace engine oil and hydraulic oil with the tracks could freeze if the temperature those of viscosities suitable for cold drops below the 0ºC mark.

  • Page 87: Long Storage

    LONG STORAGE CAUTION To avoid personal injury:  Do not clean the excavator with the engine running.  To avoid the danger of exhaust fume poisoning, do not operate the engine in a closed building without proper ventilation.  When storing, remove the key from the starter switch to avoid unauthorized persons from operating the excavator and getting injured....
  • Page 88 Periodic replacement of important component parts To ensure safety in operation, you are strongly requested to inspect and service the machine at regular intervals. For added safety, ask your ACHILLES dealer to replace the following important component parts. These parts are prone to degradation in material or subject to wear and tear with time. It is difficult to judge how much they have been affected at regular inspection.

  • Page 89: Recommended Oils

    RECOMMENDED OILS IMPORTANT 1. Before delivery, the hydraulic oil used was an ISO 46 viscosity grade. 2. Use engine oil API service classification CD, CE or CF. 3. Use SAE 90 (API, CLA/GL5) as drive unit oil for all seasons. Application Viscosity Shell Mobil...

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