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• VCA (Voltage Controlled Amplifier)
This circuit controls the volume of the sound cr-eated by the VCO and VCF.
Determines the
pitch of the sound.
vco
Determines
the timbre.
VCF
,-------------4
Determines the volume
of the sound.
VCA •,
(Output)
.
Keyboard
I
e----------~
,
.........
Sound signal
,.control sign11I
I
LFO
L ________________ _
EG
· Gate signal
Oscillator used for modulation
Determines the envelope curve of the waves
J
J
• EG (Envelope Generator)
Controls the change over tim•e of the volume, timbre etc.; in other words the envelopes. The basic envelope
curve consists ·of th·e four elements shown in the diagram bJ low which can be controlled . independently.
The EG block is thus capable of er. e ating a great variety of curvb s. .
. _ _.. ,,
'
.
.
- A
----
1
I
Attack
'-time
I
I
I
I
I
I
Key On
• LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator)
o-
I
I
:
Release
I
1
time--l
I
,fl/
•
I
I
Sustain
I
level
I
I
Time
As this term indicates, the LFO is an oscillator operating at low frequencies. It can be used to control various
other blocks to create such effects as vibrato.
-
The basic structure and functions of an analog synthesizer:
'I
• VCO:
Determines pitch _(basic waveform)
• EG:
Determines the.envelope
• VCF:
Creates the timbre
• LFO:
Used for various effects
• VCA:
Determines sound volume
'l
•
k
I.\
¥
The above is meant only as a general idea of how an analog synthesizer works. Of course, there are
considerable differences according to the manufacturer anct model.
-6~-
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