HASEGAWA Mitsubishi A6M2b ZERO FIGHTER TYPE21 Manual

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1zU
(ffi8+Hr940hp).
Without
a
doubt,
the
Ber'sen
or Zero
Fighter
is the
most
famous
aircraft
ever produced by Japanese
industry.
At the time of its debut in
1
939,
it
was
arguably
the
best fighter aircraft
--
either carrier- or land-based
--
in
the
world.
Above
all,
it
possessed unsurpassed maneuverability
and
range,
while its
firepower and
speed
were
at
least
the
equal
of
its
contemporaries. Development
of the
Zero
began
in
May
of
1937.
Mitsubishi's team was led by Chief
Engineer Jiro Horikoshi,
the
man
responsible
for the Navy Type 96 Carrier Fighter (the A5M "Claude"),
itself a very
successful
plane.
Horikoshi's design
for the
new fighter was
packed
with features which were
innovations
at the time:
retractable
landing
gear,
a
fully
enclosed cockpit,
a
variable-pitch propeller,
segmented fuselage construction, a streamlined drop tank, wing-mounted
20mm cannon and more. The AOMl prototype was completed in March of
1939,
and
made
its first flight in
April. During testing, the prototype
--
powered by a 780hp Zuisei engine -- achieved a speed of 491 km/h. This
and its other performance characteristics all meet or exceeded the Navy's
requirements. Following testing, minor modifications (such as switching to
a three-blade propeller) were
made
and the
aircraft
was
handed over to
the
Navv for further tests in September. Following commencement of the
Navy's testing, the third and following prototypes were fitted with
the
940hp
Nakajima Sakae
12
engine, further improving
on the
plane's
already exceptional performance. Compared
to
the
Zuisei-powered
version, this type was
27Omm longer
and
19kg heavier, but top
speed
was
boosted
to
533.4 km/h. Although
the second prototype was lost in
a
unexplained accident in
which the plane came apart in mid-air,
the
Navy's
tests were otherwise completely successful, and the Sakae-powered Zero
was adopted by
the
Navy in July
of 1940 becoming officially known as the
Navy
Type Zero Carrier
Fighter Model
1
1, or
A6M2 (the name
was
revised
in
1942
to A6M2a). Even prior to the
plane's official
adoption,
fifteen pre-production examples had been sent to
China
for combat trials.
These
aircraft
fulfilled the Navy's
hopes
for the
type. Together
with
production planes, they
combined
to
shoot down
99
Chinese
aircraft
while
losing
just
two
of their own
number
to
ground fire during
one
combat
in
September.
A
total
of 64
Model
11
Zeros
were produced.
Employed
as
land-based planes, these aircraft lacked
carrier-use
features such
as tail
hooks and folding wings.
Beginning
with
the
67th
aircraft, however,
50cm
manual-folding wingtips,
tail
hooks
and
other
modifications were incorporated. This version of the Zero was adopted
as
the
Model 21,
or
AGM2b. Nakajima Hikoki
also
began
their production of
the plane with this
model.
lt
was
the
AOM2b
which spearheaded
the
Japanese successes
at
Pearl Harbor, Wake, the Philippines and others,
firmly
establishing
it
as the most formidable
fighter in the sky
during the
early years
of
the
Pacific War.
DATA
Crew:
1
,
Length overall: 9.060m, Wingspan: 12.00m,
Height:
3.570m,
Maximum
speed: 533.4 km/h at 4,300m, Powerplant: Nakajima
NKl
C
Sakae
12
14-cylinder air-cooled
radial (9a0hp),
Standard
armament: Two 7.7mm machine guns, two 20mm cannon