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Summary of Contents for Emco 101
- Page 1 EMCO THERMOGRAPHIC PHOSPHOR LABKIT INSTRUCTION MANUAL Model 101 dave.beshears@emergingmeasurements.com m.cates@comcast.net...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
LabKit DESCRIPTION ...................... 2 LabKit SPECIFICATIONS ....................3 COMPONENTS IN THE SYSTEM ................... 4 TECHNICAL BACKGROUND ..................7 OPERATING THE SYSTEM ..................10 Care of the photomultiplier................... 10 Connecting the Labkit to an oscilloscope..............10 Turning on the Labkit....................10 Turning on the light source and pulser. -
Page 3: Labkit Specifications
LabKit SPECIFICATIONS Internal Light Source: LED at 365 nm Trigger Input: TTL Trigger Output: TTL Trigger Source: internal/external Photomultiplier (PMT): Analog Output PMT Gain: Adjustable Pulse Repetition Rate: 12.7 to 2000 pulses per second Pulse Width: 0.8 to 74 microseconds Temperature: 0 to >100 °C nominal Heater/Cooler Current Monitor: X to Y with Coarse and Fine Control Knobs Front Panel Temperature Readout (°C and °F) -
Page 4: Components In The System
EMCO THERMOGRAPHIC PHOSPHOR LABKIT INSTRUCTION MANUAL COMPONENTS IN THE SYSTEM 1. Pulsed LED light source is part of the LED lens tube assembly item 7 (Figure 1 and Figure 2) 2. Circuit board to provide power and control to the Labkit, including an electronic pulser for the LED with a range of amplitude, time duration, and frequency (Figure 1) 3. - Page 5 Figure 1. Photograph of LabKit interior Figure 2. Optical Cage Cube Assembly. dave.beshears@emergingmeasurements.com m.cates@comcast.net...
- Page 6 Figure 3. Front panel of the Labkit. Figure 4. Back panel of the Labkit. dave.beshears@emergingmeasurements.com m.cates@comcast.net...
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Page 7: Technical Background
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND Thermographic phosphors (TPs) are fluorescent materials that have temperature- dependent emission characteristics. In general, TPs have a molecular configuration where a small percentage of the positive ions in the molecular lattice are replaced by an activa- tor, or dopant, ion which has a similar electronic binding configuration to that of the more highly abundant ion. - Page 8 Figure 5. La S:Eu Calibration Curve For most TPs, a number of emission bands result from the stimulated fluorescence. These bands are made up of one or more peaks of various wavelength ̵ but usually clustered in the same wavelength region. The peak widths are dependent on the molecular configura- tion of the particular TP, and vary from very narrow (a few nanometers) to much broader (up to 100 nanometers or more).
- Page 9 Figure 6. La S:Eu fluorescence spectrum with bandpass filters. For many phosphors, the signal amplitude, I, versus time of peaks within a particular band will decay with the same exponential function. After the excitation source termi- nates the decay ideally will be the following: ...
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Page 10: Operating The System
The lifetime is correlated to temperature by calibration measurements. Each phosphor, each band from each phosphor, and each batch of phosphor (meaning a particular activa- tor fraction in the molecular structure) will have different lifetime values. Calibration, consequently, is necessary to accurately deduce temperature from fluorescence lifetime measurements. -
Page 11: Turning On The Light Source And Pulser
Turning on the light source and pulser. The pulser is automatically activated when the Labkit is powered on. There is an internal adjustment on the circuit board inside the Labkit for increasing and decreasing the pulser voltage, but it is normally set near its maximum. If the Trigger Output or Trigger Input BNC is connected to a scope input, a square wave pulse will be displayed on the scope. -
Page 12: Fluorescence Sample Temperature Controls
Figure 7. Typical fluorescent signal (yellow) from an LED excitation (blue). Fluorescence sample temperature controls. If the TP sample is to be used above or below room temperature, the Heat/Cool switch in the upper portion of the front panel should be switched into the chosen position. The cur- rent and direction through the thermo-electric heater/cooler on which the sample is mounted are controlled by the Coarse Adjustment and Fine Adjustment knobs below. -
Page 13: Use Of A Computer In The System
timize the signal, then, the PMT gain should be adjusted until the resulting fluorescence waveforms are all clean exponentials and the signal is linear; that is, twice as much light will produce twice as much signal, etc. If the logarithm of the output waveform can be taken (which is possible in some scopes, or with a computer program), the straight-line nature of the signal is a direct indicator of the PMT linearity. -
Page 14: Turning Off The System
Figure 8. Typical EMCO analysis display for determining time constant. With this software the fluorescence lifetime can be measured between selected cursor (time) locations. Details of the software operation are found in a separate operating man- ual. Points between blue cursors are averaged for offset to use in fit. Points between red cursors are points used for time constant determination.
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