Summary of Contents for Friwo 14S12P
- Page 1 Motor-Control Experts Manual Battery Pack Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Henrik Vogler, FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Charging the Battery ..............................21 6.2.1 Battery charging (Non Grid FW) (general) ....................21 6.2.2 Battery charging (Non Grid FW) (FRIWO LEV500 variant) ................21 6.2.3 Battery charging (Grid FW) (FRIWO LEV500 variant) .................. 21 BMS Mk2 Protection and Safety features ........................ 22 6.3.1... - Page 3 11.5.22 ERR_E_Overtemp_Charge ..........................47 11.5.23 ERR_E_Overtemp_Discharge ........................47 11.5.24 ERR_E_Undertemp_Charge ........................... 48 11.5.25 ERR_E_Undertemp_Discharge ........................48 11.5.26 ERR_E_Current_Flow_Passive_State ......................48 11.5.27 ERR_E_CAN_Timeout ............................. 49 11.5.28 ERR_E_Cell_Connection ..........................49 11.5.29 ERR_E_12V_AUX_Undervoltage ........................50 Versioning ..................................50 FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 3/50...
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Page 4: Copyright
Chapter: Copyright Manual Battery Pack 2 Copyright The content of this document is protected and may not be used, not even in part, for own publications and implementations. Exceptions require written approval. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 4/50... -
Page 5: Safety Information, Terms Of Use And Liability Waiver
Liability waiver This is a liability waiver (further called “waiver”) which is made between the parties FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH ("Manufacturer") Von-Liebig-Strasse 11, 48346 Ostbevern and the user of Enable-Tool ("User"). For purposes of this waiver, the definitions of the parties shall be deemed to include any parent, subsidiary, affiliate of, or entity under common control with any entity constituting the parties consisting of Manufacturer and User. - Page 6 FRIWO. The system integrator is solely responsible for the parameterization of the overall system, its validation, reliability and safety. FRIWO shall not be liable for any claims or damages which may arise in this connection.
- Page 7 (end customer). These components may not be used in public areas. FRIWO shall not be liable for any claims or damages arising directly or indirectly from the operation of these components.
- Page 8 Manual Battery Pack The system integrator ensures that the end product is safe for the end customer and that no danger emanates from it. FRIWO shall not be liable for any claims or damages for the safety of end product.
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Page 9: General Information
Please observe the following notes when connecting a BMS or making adjustments. In case of questions contact the FRIWO Team. Note: USB is not available in a fully assembled Battery Pack. For parametrization CAN Bus can be used. -
Page 10: Usage
This document describes the functionality and parametrazion of the FRIWO Gerätebau Battery Pack, equipped with BMS Mk2 To setup the BMS you need a Windows PC on which the FRIWO Enable Tool NG is installed in the latest Version. Parameters on the BMS can be changed or measured during operation using the Enable-Tool software. A description of the Enable tool is provided separately. -
Page 11: Description Of Parameters And Measured Values
The formation of variable names follows the following principle: Figure 1: Variable education. Variables can be adjusted or measured with the FRIWO Enable tool. Read the appropriate instructions before using the Enable tool. The view of the Enable tool is customer-specific configured and can vary depending on the application. -
Page 12: Important Notes On Changing Parameters
Some critical parameters are monitored by superimposed protective functions, so that only limited changes are possible during peration. Confirm the entry of the parameter values by pressing Enter. Save parameters by clicking on "Store Parameters". When restarting the BMS, the stored parameters are retained. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 12/50... -
Page 13: Technical Data
Chapter: Technical Data Manual Battery Pack 5 Technical Data Housing/Dimensions Weight: approx. 11.05kg Volume: approx. 8.1l FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 13/50... -
Page 14: Electrical Data Battery Pack
Discharge cut off voltage 42V recommended, depending on the application and parametrization of the BMS , min. 37.1V not for cycle life Operation temperature Charge: 0 to 45°C Discharge: -10 to 60°C Power Density 250Wh/l 183,41Wh/kg FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 14/50... -
Page 15: Bms Mk2
Note: BMS Mk2 is available in HW Coded to a cell configuration. Other variants from 10S up to 15S are available. Changing the HW code is not possible. Please contact the FRIWO Sales Team. Note: Technical data and documentation subject to change without notice. -
Page 16: Power Connector
Connector Type Type: WY28K8BZZ1 Rated current: 5.5.2 Pin Assignment PIN 1 BAT- PIN 2 BAT+ PIN 3 Charge sense PIN 4 CAN low PIN 5 CAN high PIN 6 BAT enable PIN 7 PIN 8 n.c. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 16/50... -
Page 17: Foil Display
Note: The functionality and the behaver of the Battery pack is depending on the software version and the parametrization. The described functionality may differ depending on the application! 5.6.1 Layout Note: Example Layout of a Foil display. The Layout may differ. Main functionality will remain the same. Subject to change without notice. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 17/50... -
Page 18: State Of Charge (Soc) Display
When waking up the battery, the 5 LED`s generate a running light. In case of error detection, all 5 LEDs flash several times simultaneously. When switching to sleep mode (deepsleep), all 5 LEDs flash briefly, then generate a running light and go out. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 18/50... -
Page 19: Using The Bms/Battery Pack
Pressing the button activates the battery analog to the "Bat Enable" pin (pulled to BAT-) and wakes up the BMS, activates the communication on the CAN interface and the 12V and HV output voltage. This is indicated by a green backlit ring around the ON/OFF symbol and the HV symbol. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 19/50... - Page 20 When the button is released or the "Bat Enable" pin is opened, the communication on the CAN interface, the HV and 12V output voltage is deactivated again and the battery goes into sleep mode (Deepsleep). FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 20/50...
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Page 21: Charging The Battery
6.2.2 Battery charging (Non Grid FW) (FRIWO LEV500 variant) To charge the battery the "Charge Sense" pin (Pin3) must be pulled to ground (GND or BAT-). The battery wakes up and the ring around the ON/OFF symbol is backlit. At the same time the HV is activated. -
Page 22: Bms Mk2 Protection And Safety Features
FETs directly Melting Fuse The fuse is designed for 120A with slow characteristic. This charteristic is choosen to avoid trigger at high current peak in operation FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 22/50... -
Page 23: Start-Up Safety Check
6.3.4 Start-up safety check The output voltage of the current sensor must be at VCC/2 when the BMS is started. Checked by Microcontroller ADC Connection to Cell Monitor IC is checked via SPI FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 23/50... -
Page 24: Precharge Characteristics And Limitations
The maximum capacitance, which can be successfully precharged at 25 °C starting temperature is 20mF. If a constant load in parallel of more than 40mA is used, the maximum possible capacitance decreases. Note: Subject to change without notice. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 24/50... -
Page 25: Advanced Setup And Troubleshooting
Please observe the following notes when connecting a BMS or making adjustments. In case of questions contact the FRIWO Team. In case of changes of the factory setup the warranty is lost! If the parameterset is changed the costumer is responsible for all kind of errors or dangers that result out of the change Note: Always work under full ESD protection to avoid damages on the PCB. -
Page 26: Bms Basic Setup
Set the following parameter according the design of your Core Pack. Please follow the parameter description in the Enable Tool NG Note: BMS Mk2 is hardware coded to 14S SET_C_CAN_Baudrate_Select SET_C_Cell_Temp_Number_of_Sensors SET_C_Cell_Design_Capacity SET_C_Cell_Empty_Voltage SET_C_Cell_FullCharge_Voltage SET_C_Cell_Max_Voltage SET_C_Cell_Deep_Sleep_Voltage SET_C_Cell_Min_Voltage SET_C_CHG_Voltage_Lim_Max SET_C_Enable_2K_Powerstage SET_C_Overtemp_Charge SET_C_Overtemp_Discharge SET_C_PACK_Charge_Current_Limit SET_C_PACK_Discharge_Current_Limit SET_C_Pack_Num_Parallel_Cells SET_C_Pack_Num_Serial_Cells SET_C_Undertemp_Charge SET_C_Undertemp_Discharge FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 26/50... -
Page 27: Setup The Charging Behaviour Of The Battery
SET_C_BMS_Setup_Valid to “1” so that the BMS will start working. It might be necessary to setup further parameters to optimize the BMS configuration related to the application needs. In case of questions or errors please contact the FRIWO support Setup the charging behaviour of the Battery 7.2.1... -
Page 28: Soc/Soh Module Description
The State of Health is calculated over time by estimation of the maximum available capacity. The SOH value is corrected each time the BMS is charged from pack empty voltage to the configured full charge voltage. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 28/50... -
Page 29: Soc Calculation - Current Integration
If the BMS detects a pack depletion state, the SOC is set to 0%. Dependent variables: · {1} SET_Pack_Discharge_Voltage · {2} ERR_Pack_Discharge_Voltage_Limit · {3} SOC (calculated) · {4} SET_Cell_Empty_Voltage · {5} SOC_C_Reset_Votlage_Thresh_Lower · {6} SOC_C_DC_SOC · {7} SOC_C_DC_Voltage FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 29/50... -
Page 30: Soc Correction - Voltage Measuring
The maximum allowed deviation is configured in the following variables: · SOC_CVC_C_SOC_Diff_State_Idle · SOC_CVC_C_SOC_Diff_State_Discharging · SOC_CVC_C_SOC_Diff_State_Charging · SOC_CVC_C_SOC_Diff_State_Other The maximum allowed battery current for the correction event is configured with: · SOC_CVC_C_Max_Current_State_Idle · SOC_CVC_C_Max_Current_State_Discharging · SOC_CVC_C_Max_Current_State_Charging FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 30/50... -
Page 31: Soc Correction - Manual Preset
The newly calculated maximum battery capacity is only applied if the value deviates by a maximum of 5% from the last charging cycle. Similarly, only SOH values that deviate by a maximum of 30% from the specified nominal capacity are accepted. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 31/50... -
Page 32: Hw Code
Note: Do not change the HW Code of a BMS! Only for information purpose! The cell configuration setting of the BMS is HW Coded. The coding is defined by 0K and 1K resistors according the following matrix FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 32/50... -
Page 33: Using Battery Packs In Parallel
Note: In Grid configuration an ICS Info Message with the actual drawn Grid Current and Grid Voltage required to startup the System! In combination with an Emerge/FRIWO Motor Controller the MCU is sending the ICS Info Message. 10.1 Using “Grid” - General Information With the Grid FW it is possible to use up to 12 (tested, depending on the Bus load even more) battery packs in parallel. -
Page 34: References
1N5401 (3A / 100V) Emerge 6000 Motor Motor-Controller Throttle The recommended wiring is shown in figure 1. Note: The diode D1 must have a minimum reserve voltage of 100 volt and a minimum forward current of 3 amps. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 34/50... -
Page 35: Activation Procedure Using A "Key Switch
"ICS info message", with the total gird current. If the battery packs are used without a FRIWO motor controller, it is necessary to implement a CAN bus participant that provides and sends the "ICS Info Message" with the total grid current and voltages to the CAN bus network. -
Page 36: Procedure
5. Start sending every 100 ms the CAN message 0x1B6 with the calculated UnlockCode in the first 4 bytes of the data. This will activate the 48 V Power. But the Motor will not drive while the ignition is off. CAN-ID Lentgh Data 23 00 3F 00 00 00 00 00 FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 36/50... -
Page 37: Ics Info Message
ICS Info Message (0x90) with the actual Grid Current and Grid Voltage via CAN Bus. Otherwise the BMS will not activate the 48V bus. In case that no Emerge/FRIWO MCU is used in the stem application the ICS Info Message has to be integrated externaly. -
Page 38: Error Handler
If an error is no longer actively present after the shutdown, it is possible to switch back to a charge or discharge state, depending on the error that occurred. The following description lists all possible errors handled by the error handler and their dependent parameters. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 38/50... -
Page 39: Error Code Summary
Most blocks have two debouncing variables. With these values debounce times can be configured for the error conditions of the individual blocks. This helps to avoid unnecessary shutdowns due to short current peaks or measurement errors. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 39/50... -
Page 40: Detailed Descriptions
Error latched if measured FET1 temperature exceeds {1} for longer than ({3}+{4})*100ms. Error is also latched if measured FET1 temperature exceeds {2} for longer than {4}*100ms. 11.5.2 ERR_E_TEMP_Powerstage_2 Dependent variables: · {1} ERR_C_TEMP_Powerstage_2_MAX_Temp_FET2 · {2} ERR_C_TEMP_Powerstage_2_MAX_Temp_FET2_L2 FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 40/50... -
Page 41: Err_E_Charge_Current
Error is also latched if measured charge current exceeds ({1}*1.2) for longer than {3}*100ms. 11.5.5 ERR_E_Pack_Voltage_Max Dependent variables: · {1} SET_C_Pack_Num_Serial_Cells · {2} SET_C_Cell_Max_Voltage · {3} ERR_C_Voltage_Max_Debounce_L1 · {4} ERR_C_Voltage_Max_Debounce_L2 Error latched if measured pack voltage exceeds ({1}*{2}) for longer than ({3}+{4})*100ms. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 41/50... -
Page 42: Err_E_Pack_Voltage_Min
This error can occur when the base firmware detects a sensor offset, which is greater than the maximum allowed deviation (Measured offset {3} is greater than ({4}+-{5}). On BMSv2, both current sensor inputs are evaluated. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 42/50... -
Page 43: Err_E_Eeprom
If variable {1} is set to ‘1’, the error is latched if the external enable signal GPIO pin is logic low for longer than ({2}+{3})*100ms. If {1} is set to ‘0’, the GPIO evaluation is inverse (error on logic high). 11.5.12 ERR_E_Cell_Monitor_Alert Dependent variables: FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 43/50... -
Page 44: Err_E_Cell_Monitor_Fault
This block can be configured to represent operating conditions with rapidly changing loads. The debounce blocks should allow a short deviation of the output voltage at changing loads. This is especially useful in automotive applications to avoid unnecessary shutdown (e.g. motor control). 11.5.15 ERR_E_PreCharge Dependent variables: FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 44/50... -
Page 45: Err_E_Output_Voltage_High
The error signal of the Output_Control module is active for 2 seconds. The errorhandler displays the error after ({2}+{3})*100ms. The debounce block delay located in the errorhandler (variables {2} and {3}) are unnecessary with the current module. 11.5.17 ERR_E_Pack_Voltage_Min Dependent variables: FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 45/50... -
Page 46: Err_E_Pack_Discharge_Voltage_Active_State
The error is also latched if the cell management IC is reporting a cell undervoltage fault flag. This parameter is currently not configured in the EEPROM of the ICs and should therefore never appear. 11.5.20 ERR_E_Cell_Overvoltage Dependent variables: · {1} SET_C_Cell_Max_Voltage · {2} ERR_C_Cell_Overvoltage_Debounce_L1 FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 46/50... -
Page 47: Err_E_Analog_Overcurrent
{2} for at least ({3}+{4})*100ms. Hysteresis means that the error debounce starts running when the temperature gets higher than {1} and resets if the temperature drops below ({1} - {2}). 11.5.23 ERR_E_Overtemp_Discharge Dependent variables: FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 47/50... -
Page 48: Err_E_Undertemp_Charge
{3} ERR_C_Undertemp_Discharge_Debounce_L2 The error is latched in discharge mode if the lowest measured cell temperature is lower than {1} for at least ({2}+{3})*100ms. 11.5.26 ERR_E_Current_Flow_Passive_State Dependent variables: · {1} ERR_C_Current_Flow_Passive_State_Current_Threshold · {2} ERR_C_Current_Flow_Passive_State_Debounce_L1 · {3} ERR_C_Current_Flow_Passive_State_Debounce_L2 FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 48/50... -
Page 49: Err_E_Can_Timeout
· A cell overvoltage/undervoltage warning was detected during the ongoing cell connection check · The cell monitoring ICs reported an alert or CRC error during the ongoing cell connection check FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 49/50... -
Page 50: Err_E_12V_Aux_Undervoltage
12 Versioning Versioning of this document Version Date Remarks V2 (EN) 20220915 BMS runtime information removed V1.1 (EN) 20220223 Added hint to avoid hotplugging V1 (EN) 20210921 First version Table 1: Versioning of this document. FRIWO Gerätebau GmbH Page 50/50...
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