Micron MT9V012 Manual

1/6-inch vga cmos digital image sensor

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1/6-Inch VGA CMOS Digital Image Sensor

PART NUMBER: MT9V012

Features

™

• DigitalClarity

CMOS Imaging Technology

• High frame rate

• Superior low-light performance

• Low dark current

• Simple two-wire serial interface

• Auto black level calibration

• Operating Modes: Snapshot and flash control, high

frame rate preview, electronic panning

• Programmable Controls: Gain, frame size/rate,

exposure, left–right and top–bottom image reversal,

window size, and panning

• Data Interfaces: parallel and low-voltage differential

signaling (LVDS)

• Applications

• Cellular Phones

• PC Cameras

• PDAs

• Toys and other battery-powered products

General Description

The Micron

Imaging MT9V012 is an oversize VGA-

format CMOS active-pixel digital image sensor with a

pixel array of 649H x 489V. It incorporates sophisti-

cated on-chip camera functions such as windowing,

mirroring, column and row skip modes, and snapshot

mode. It is programmable through a simple two-wire

serial interface and has very low power consumption.

The VGA CMOS image sensor features DigitalClarity—

Micron's breakthrough low-noise CMOS imaging tech-

nology that achieves CCD image quality (based on sig-

nal-to-noise ratio and low-light sensitivity) while

maintaining the inherent size, cost, and integration

advantages of CMOS.

PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929

MT9V012_1.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN

‡

Products and specifications discussed herein are for evaluation and reference purposes only and are subject to change by Micron without notice. Products are only warranted by Micron

MT9V012 - 1/6-Inch VGA CMOS Digital Image Sensor

Table 1:

Optical Format

Active Imager Size

Active Pixels

Pixel Size

Color Filter Array

Shutter Type

Maximum Data Rate/

Master Clock

Frame

Rate

ADC Resolution

Responsivity

Dynamic Range

SNR

MAX

Supply

Voltage

Power Consumption

Operating

Temperature

When operated in its default mode, the sensor gener-

ates a VGA image at 30 frames per second (fps). An on-

chip analog-to-digital converter (ADC) generates a 10-

bit value for each pixel. The pixel data is output on a

10-bit output bus and qualified by an output data

clock (PIXCLK), together with LINE_VALID and

FRAME_VALID signals. A FLASH output strobe is pro-

vided to allow an external Xenon or LED light source to

synchronize with the sensor exposure time. The sensor

can be programmed by the user to control the frame

size, exposure, gain setting and other parameters.

Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.

to meet Micron's production data sheet specifications.

Key Performance Parameters

Parameter

1/6-inch VGA (4:3)

2.30mm(H) x 1.77mm(V),

2.88mm Diagonal

640H x 480V

3.6µm x 3.6µm

RGB Bayer Pattern

Electronic Rolling Shutter (ERS)

13.5 MPS/27 MHz

VGA

Programmable up to 30 fps

(640 x 480)

CIF

Programmable up to 60 fps

(352 x 288)

10-bit, on-chip

1.0 V/lux-sec (550nm)

>71dB

44dB

Analog

2.50V–3.10V (2.80V nominal)

I/O and

1.70V–1.90V (1.80V nominal) or

Digital

2.50V–3.10V (2.80V nominal)

<55mW at 2.8V, 27 MHz,

30 fps and VGA resolution

-30°C to +70°C

‡

Preliminary

Features

Typical Value

Table of Contents

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Summary of Contents for Micron MT9V012

Page 1: Features
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. ‡ Products and specifications discussed herein are for evaluation and reference purposes only and are subject to change by Micron without notice. Products are only warranted by Micron to meet Micron’s production data sheet specifications.
Page 2: Table Of Contents
Maximum Shutter Delay ............... . .37 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012TOC.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN...
Page 3 Revision History..................53 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012TOC.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN...
Page 4 Image Center Offset ..............52 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012LOF.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN...
Page 5 AC Electrical Characteristics: 1.70V–1.90V ..........48 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012LOT.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN...
Page 6: Functional Overview
Analog Processing Functional Overview The MT9V012 is a progressive-scan sensor that generates a stream of pixel data qualified by LINE_VALID and FRAME_VALID signals. It uses an input master clock of 27 MHz (nominal). The data rate (pixel clock) is one half of the master clock frequency, which means that one pixel is generated every two master clock cycles.
Page 7: Operating Modes
MT9V012 - 1/6-Inch VGA CMOS Digital Image Sensor Operating Modes Operating Modes The functional operating mode of the MT9V012 is controlled by the MODE1 and MODE0 inputs (Table 2). These inputs should be driven to a static logic 1 or static logic 0 level during normal operation.
Page 8: Serial Mode
Operating Modes Serial Mode This section shows a typical configuration schematic, including the ball diagram and ball description, for the MT9V012 operating in serial mode. This mode operates only at 2.5V to 3.1V V range. Figure 3: Typical Configuration: Serial Mode...
Page 9: Pixel Array Structure
Pixel Array Structure Pixel Array Structure The MT9V012 pixel array is configured as 695 columns by 504 rows (shown in Figure 4). The first 34 columns and the first 14 rows of pixels are optically black, and are used for the automatic black level adjustment (“Black Level Calibration”...
Page 10: Default Readout Order
When the image is read out of the sensor, it is read one row at a time, with the rows and columns sequenced as shown in Figure 5. By convention, data from the sensor is shown with the first pixel read out—pixel (34,14) in the case of the MT9V012—in the top left- hand corner (Figure 7).
Page 11: Output Data Timing (Default Mode)
PIXCLK is continuously enabled, even during the blanking period. The MT9V012 can be programmed to delay the PIXCLK edge relative to the D transitions from 0 to 3.5 master clocks, in steps of one-half of a master clock. This can be achieved by programming the corresponding bits in Reg0x0A.
Page 12: Table 4: Frame-Long Integration Time
(Reg0x09) * (A + Q) 449,956 pixel clocks time) = 899,912 master = 33.33ms PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 13: Output Data Format (Serial Mode)
Output Data Format (Serial Mode) Output Data Format (Serial Mode) The MT9V012 image data is read out in a progressive scan. In serial mode, valid image data is surrounded by horizontal blanking and vertical blanking, as shown in Figure 7 on page 10.
Page 14: Figure 11: Start Of Line: Serial Mode
0x000 Pixel 0 Pixel 1 Idle Start-of-Frame Idle Pixel Data Sequence PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 15: Two-Wire Serial Interface
The master then transfers the data, 8 bits at a time, with the slave sending an acknowledge bit after each 8 bits. The MT9V012 uses 16-bit data for its internal registers, thus requiring two 8-bit transfers to write to one register. After 16 bits are transferred, the register address is automatically incremented, so that the next 16 bits are written to the next register address.
Page 16: Slave Address
The paging mechanism is intended to allow access to other sets of registers when the sensor is embedded as part of a more complex integrated sub-system (for example, in an SOC). All of the registers within the MT9V012 are accessible on page 0 (the default page). PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
Page 17: Two-Wire Serial Interface Sample Write And Read Sequences
Reg0x09 0xBB Address 0000 0010 1000 0100 Start Start Stop NACK PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 18: 8-Bit Write Sequence
0xBA Address Reg0xF1 0xBB Address 1000 0100 Start Start Stop NACK PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 19: Registers
Reserved — 0x1A20 0x3D Reserved — 0x201E 0x3E Reserved — 0x2020 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 20 0000 0000 0000 0ddd 0x0000 0xF1 Bytewise Address 0000 0000 0000 0000 0x0000 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 21: Register Description
Some sensor settings cannot be changed during frame readout. For example, changing Reg0x03 (row width) partway through frame readout would result in inconsistent LINE_VALID behavior. To avoid this, the MT9V012 double buffers many registers by implementing a “pending” and a “live” version. Reads and writes access the pending register.
Page 22: Changes To Integration Time
PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 23: Table 6: Register Description
(Reg0x0C) and the overhead time. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 24 See “Output Enable Control” on page 41. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 25 1 = read out two columns, skip six columns (as with rows). 0 = normal readout. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 26 The MT9V012 operates with a single ADC, so this read-only Context A bit always reads 1. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 27 Indicates that the FLASH output was asserted for the current frame. Read-only. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 28 (bits 9:0). 0 = normal operation. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 29 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 30 PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 31 Same physical register as Reg0x0D[1]. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 32: Feature Description
See Table 6, Register Description, on page 23 for more information. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 33: Readout Modes
Reg0x20[5:4], as shown in Figure 19. In all cases, the row and column sequencing ensures that the Bayer pattern is preserved. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 34: Digital Zoom
Zoom 2x Readout G0 [9:0] R2 [9:0] G1 [9:0] R1 [9:0] 9–D PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 35: Frame Rate Control
With default settings, this gives a minimum HBLANK time of 127. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 36: Valid Data Signals Options
A second constraint is that INT must be PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 37: Maximum Shutter Delay
Flash Strobe The MT9V012 supports both Xenon and LED flash through the flash output ball. The timing of the flash ball with the default settings is shown in Figures 22, 23, and 24. Reg0x23 allows the timing of the flash to be changed. The flash can be programmed to fire only once;...
Page 38: Analog Signal Path
Figure 25: Analog Signal Path ASC1 ASC2 ADCSH 10-bit ADC_code (G1) (G2) (G3) OFFSET REFD PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 39: Stage-By-Stage Transfer Functions
= 1, offset_sign = -1 (15) “offset_code” is the decimal value of bit[7:0] PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 40: Recommended Gain Settings
1 calibration LSB is equal to 2.0 ADC LSB. Recommended Gain Settings The analog gain circuitry in the MT9V012 provides signal gains from 1 through 15.875. The minimum gain of 1 (gain registers set to 0x20) corresponds to the setting where the pixel signal is guaranteed to saturate the ADC under all specified operating conditions.
Page 41: Row-Wise Noise Cancellation
Therefore, in single-sensor applications that use STANDBY to enter and leave the standby state, programming Reg0x0D[6] = 1 is recommended. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 42: Power Saving Modes
Floating Inputs Many MT9V012 signals use bidirectional pads. There are three reasons for this: • The signal associated with the pad is bidirectional in normal use (the only signal in this category is S DATA •...
Page 43: Dark Row/Column Display
1. When using the output enable control (“Output Enable Control” on page 41), ensure that all MT9V012 bidirectional pads that enter a high- impedance state are driven to a valid logic level. 2. When operating the MT9V012 in serial mode ensure that unused bidirectional pads are terminated correctly.
Page 44: Clock Control
Reg0x65 can be used to bypass the clock gating, so that clocks to individual domains run continuously. When the MT9V012 enters a low-power state, almost all of the internal clocks are stopped. The only exception is that a small amount of logic (approximately 10 flip-flops) is clocked so that accesses to the two-wire serial interface continue to function correctly.
Page 45: Electrical Specifications
LINE_VALID are de-asserted, then wait two master clock cycles before turning off the master clock. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 46: Table 13: Dc Electrical Characteristics: 1.70V-1.90V
LINE_VALID are de-asserted, then wait 2 master clock cycles before turning off the master clock. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 47: Table 14: Ac Electrical Characteristics: 2.50V-3.10V
STANDBY HIGH to FRAME_VALID, LINE_VALID, PIXCLK, D (9:0), flash floating PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 48: Table 15: Ac Electrical Characteristics: 1.70V-1.90V
STANDBY HIGH to FRAME_VALID, LINE_VALID, PIXCLK, D (9:0), flash floating PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 49: Propagation Delay For Frame_Valid And Line_Valid
PHL t PLH t OH (9:0) (9:0) (9:0) (9:0) (9:0) PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 50: Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing
LOW by the sensor, or allowed to be pulled HIGH by a pull-up resistor off- DATA chip. PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 51: Figure 32: Acknowledge Signal Timing After An 8-Bit Write To The Sensor
DATA Figure 34: Typical Spectral Characteristics Quantum Efficiency 1050 Wavelength (nm) PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 52: Mechanical Specifications
8000 S. Federal Way, P.O. Box 6, Boise, ID 83707-0006, Tel: 208-368-3900 prodmktg@micron.com www.micron.com Customer Comment Line: 800-932-4992 Micron, the M logo, and the Micron logo are trademarks of Micron Technology, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Page 53: Revision History
• Removed Table 3 and Table 4 Rev A, Preliminary .................................11/04 • Initial release PDF: 814eb99f/Source: 8175e929 Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice. MT9V012_2.fm - Rev. B 2/05 EN ©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.