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Summary of Contents for AVX ethertronics ETH-LORA-M-AX-01
- Page 1 Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Overview ......................................1 Product Brief Scope Document Organization Getting Started ....................................2 Introducing LoRa Communication Network Architecture ......................................LoRaWAN Class ......................................... LoRaWAN Regional Summary ..................................... ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 Overview Passive Architecture ......................................Active Architecture Communication Interface ....................................Communication Protocol Basic Operation ....................................8 Module Information Serial Number ....................................9... -
Page 3: Overview
AT commands in order to perform specific tasks. For a complete guide of AT commands supported by ETH-LORA-M-AX-01, please refer AT Command Reference Guide available on AVX’s website. Developers are also highly advised to refer to all the necessary application notes available on AVX’s website. -
Page 4: Getting Started
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 GETTING STARTED This section gives a general overview about LoRa communication and the module ETH-LORA-M-AX-01. LoRa part focuses more on the LoRa end devices since it is the core subject of this document. INTRODUCING LORA COMMUNICATION The Internet of Things is a network of connected objects able to collect and exchange information with each other through wireless networks. These objects embed electronics, firmware, sensors, and wireless connectivity protocols to execute its task. -
Page 5: Network Architecture
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE LORA NETWORK DIAGRAM EXAMPLE Figure 3 LoRa End Nodes: End device which contains the sensors necessary to execute their role (examples: temperature, humidity, water level, presence, etc). These devices embed also a LoRa RF transceiver (also known as radio) which will be used to send the information to the gateways using LoRa protocol. -
Page 6: Lorawan Regional Summary
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 CLASS A End-devices of Class A allow for bi-directional communications whereby each end-device's uplink transmission is followed by two short downlink receive windows. The transmission slot scheduled by the end-device is based on its own communication needs with a small variation based on a random time basis (ALOHA-type of protocol). -
Page 7: Eth-Lora-M-Ax-01 Overview
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 LORAWAN REGIONAL PARAMETERS Europe North America China Korea Japan India 470- 920- 920- 865- Frequency Band 867-869MHz 902-928MHz 510MHz 925MHz 925MHz 867MHz Channels 64 + 8 + 8 Channel BW Up 125/250kHz 125/500kHz Channel BW Dn 125kHz 500kHz +20dBm typ TX Power Up... -
Page 8: Passive Architecture
(P/N: 1002232) in passive configuration. This antenna itself has small form factor but high efficiency. User can take advantage of this feature to save space on the final product’s PCB. Link: LoRa_Module_Application_Note_ 1-Passive Evaluation Board from www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module ACTIVE ARCHITECTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE MODULE USED WITH AN ETHERTRONICS ACTIVE STEERING ANTENNA Figure 10 ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 can be used with active antenna solution to provide active steering capabilities. -
Page 9: Communication Interface
When sub-parameter is not given in parameter type commands, new value equals to its previous value. In action type commands, action should be done on the basis of the recommended default setting of the sub-parameter. Please refer to Ethertronics’ AT Command Reference Guide from www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module for detail on every supported AT command. -
Page 10: Basic Operation
Once the module is powered up, the host can start sending at command to get the information of the module. With this information the host can verify the firmware version. If there is a new firmware available, users are strongly advised to perform the update procedure. For upgrading the firmware please refer to the document LoRa_Module_Application_Note_2 Firmware Upgrade from www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module. AT Command ATI[<flag>] or AT+LORA#I[<flag>]... -
Page 11: Calendar And Time
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 CALENDAR AND TIME The module has an RTC engine running. But the RTC calendar and time is not updated with the real calendar. The host can set and read the calendar and time using the AT command. Set the date: AT Command AT+LORA@SYS%DATE=<dd>,<mm>,<yyyy>... -
Page 12: Self-Test
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 SELF-TEST The self-test AT command can be used to check the sub modules’ availability. For the current firmware, there are 5 sub modules: SUB MODULES FOR THE SELF-TEST COMMAND Sub Module Description Core MCU State of the core MCU on the module The activation of the IM Algorithm and the presence of its Internal IM hardware (internal EC686) -
Page 13: Lora Join Procedure
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 LORA JOIN PROCEDURE Before an end device can communicate on the LoRaWAN network, it must first be activated (join). The join procedure depends on the network join mode. There are two modes available which are Activation By Personalization (ABP) and Over The Air Activation (OTAA). The main difference between these modes is that user needs to generate the network keys used to authenticate the device when it joins the application in ABP mode while in OTAA these values are automatically derived. -
Page 14: Otaa Mode
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 5. Set LoRa Network Session Key: AT+LORA@MAC%NSK=112233445566778899aabbccddeeff AT Command This command is a write command to set the Network Session Key Description 1122334455..ccddeeff: 16 bytes of the Network Session Key <CR><LF>OK<CR><LF>: Operation successful. Return Value <CR><LF>ERROR<CR><LF>: Parameter is expected. 6. - Page 15 Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 5. Join the network: AT+LORA@MAC%NK=0,112233445566778899aabbccddeeff AT Command AT+LORA@MAC%NK=1,LoRaPassphrase This command is a write command to set the LoRa Network Key also known as AppKey in LoRaWAN specification document Description 0,1122334455..ccddeeff: Use digits as Network Key 1,LoRaPassphrase: Use string as Network Key <CR><LF>OK<CR><LF>: Operation successful.
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Page 16: Lora Send Message
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 LORA SEND MESSAGE After successfully join the network whether using ABP or OTAA mode, the host can send the message to the gateway. This is also done using the AT command. Here are the steps: 1. Choose the port to send the message (Optional): AT+LORA@MAC%AP=<port>... -
Page 17: Low Power Mode
Please refer to the Module Integration Guide document for detail of the external P11 pin location Link: www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module NOTE: The most efficient way to avoid any communication error is systematically send a CARRIER RETURN (0x0d) and wait the module answers with a string “OK”... -
Page 18: Algorithm Control
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 As mention in the previous table, the module enters certain low power modes after the parameter LPDelay expired. This LPDelay can be configurable, but the minimum value for this parameter is 30000ms. Set the Low Power Mode Delay: AT Command AT+LORA@SYS%LPDELAY=<delay>... -
Page 19: Closed Loop Impedance Matching Algorithm
By activating this algorithm, the adjustment of the antenna’s matching will be done automatically regardless its installation place (concrete wall, wood, plastic, etc.). For more information about this algorithm, please refer to Closed Loop Impedance Matching application note. Link: www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module Steps to activate IM algorithm: 1. Activate the IM AT Command AT+LORA@IM%ACTIVATE=<Activation>... -
Page 20: Active Steering Algorithm
Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 ACTIVE STEERING ALGORITHM Modal Cognitive Diversity (MCD) is a proprietary predictive algorithm developed by Ethertronics to perform active steering capabilities of the multi radiation patterns antenna in order to improve the link budget and sensitivity. Any antennas are sensitive to the change in their environment and their performance can be degraded. -
Page 21: Bypassing The Algorithms
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 BYPASSING THE ALGORITHMS Both algorithms IM and MCD are implemented to help the final product developers to create LoRa end devices with a great RF performance. Nonetheless, if users wish not to use these algorithms, they can be deactivated using AT commands. Disable the IM algorithm: AT Command AT+LORA@IM%ACTIVATE=0... - Page 22 Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 BYPASS CONTROL FLAG Internal/External EC686 (IM/ Control Flag (Bypass) Value MCD) RF vector state CTRL_REG_BYPASS_0 0x00 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_1 0x01 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_2 0x02 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_3 0x03 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_4 0x04 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_5 0x05 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_6 0x06 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_7 0x07 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_8 0x08 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_9 0x09 CTRL_REG_BYPASS_10 0x0A CTRL_REG_BYPASS_11 0x0B CTRL_REG_BYPASS_12 0x0C...
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Page 23: Switching Firmware Version
Ethertronics’ website. To perform the firmware update, please refer to Upgrading Firmware application note. Link: www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-module After performing the upgrading firmware process, user can always switch back to factory firmware as the new firmware will not overwrite the factory one. -
Page 24: Escaping At Command
The End Device Address (DevAddr) consists of 32 bits identifies the end-device within the current End Device Address AT+LORA@MAC%NA network Application Port Port to be used for application to send data AT+LORA@MAC%AP Table 11 Please refer to Ethertronics’ AT Command Reference Guide from www.avx.com/products/modules/lora-modulefor detail on every supported AT command. 092419... -
Page 25: Store Lora Parameters
Referance Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 STORE LORA PARAMETERS Once the updating procedure is done, user can save the values of these parameters, so that on the next reboot of the module, these parameters can keep the updated values and the user does not need to redo the same procedure., Store the LoRa parameters values in the EEPROM: AT+LORA&W or AT&W AT Command Syntax... - Page 26 Reference Manual ETH-LORA-M-AX-01 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LoRa/LoRaWAN: Long range/ Long rang wide area network BW: bandwidth SMT: Surface-mount technology AES: Advanced Encryption Standard MHz: MegaHertz OSI: Open Systems Interconnection IC: Integrated circuit TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter SSL: Secure Sockets Layer SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface MAC: Medium Access Control...
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