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Octagon Systems 2040 PC/104 CPU User Manual

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O C T A G O N S Y S T E M S
E m b e d d e d P C s F o r E x t r e m e E n v i r o n m e n t s
2040 PC/104 CPU
User's Manual
5167 (1099)

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  • Page 1 O C T A G O N S Y S T E M S E m b e d d e d P C s F o r E x t r e m e E n v i r o n m e n t s 2040 PC/104 CPU User’s Manual...
  • Page 2 Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a component may directly threaten life or injury.
  • Page 3 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Notice to user IMPORTANT! Please read the following section before installing your product: Octagon’s products are designed to be high in performance while consuming very little power. In order to maintain this advantage, CMOS circuitry is used.
  • Page 4 Notice to user 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual The most common failures on CPU cards are over voltage of the power supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and parallel ports. On expansion cards, the most common failures are static discharge, over voltage of inputs, over current of outputs, and misuse of the CMOS circuitry with regards to power supply sequencing.
  • Page 5 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Notice to user Hot insertion: Plugging cards into the card cage with the power on will usually not cause a problem. (Octagon urges that you do not do this!) However, the card may be damaged if the right sequence of pins contacts as the card is pushed into the socket.
  • Page 6 Notice to user 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    About this manual Overview: Section 1 – Installation Chapter 1: Overview ..................1-1 Description ....................1-1 2040 PC/104 CPU major hardware features ..........1-1 CPU ....................... 1-1 Solid–state disks .................. 1-1 SSD0 .................... 1-1 SSD1 .................... 1-1 SSD2 .................... 1-1 RAM ......................
  • Page 8 SETUP example ................... 3-5 Chapter 4: Save and run programs ............4-1 Save and run your programs on the 2040 PC/104 CPU ......4-1 Adding your application ............... 4-1 Overriding the autoexecution of your application ......4-2 Option 1 ..................4-2 Option 2 ..................
  • Page 9 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Contents Chapter 8: SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup ........8-1 Description ....................8-1 Booting ......................8-1 SSD0 ......................8-1 SSD1 socket/M–Systems DiskOnChip............8-1 SSD2 ......................8-3 SSD2 socket ..................8-4 Accessing SRAM on the 2040 .............. 8-4 DRAM ......................
  • Page 10 Contents 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Chapter 14: Troubleshooting ..............14-1 No screen activity – checking console serial communications ..14-1 Garbled serial console screen activity ..........14-1 System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting from SSD1 ..................... 14-2 System will not recognize hard drive ..........
  • Page 11 LPT1 and an opto rack ............6-4 Figure 7–1 Custom null modem adapter with RTS and RI connected .. 7-2 Figure 7–2 The 2040 PC/104 CPU and a serial console ......7-3 Figure 7–3 Downloading files using PC SmartLINK and TRANSFER.EXE ..............7-8 Figure 8–1...
  • Page 12 Table 10–2 Additional error codes for Phoenix BIOS ......10-4 Table A–1 2040 PC/104 CPU memory map........... A-3 Table A–2 2040 PC/104 CPU I/O map ........... A-3 Table A–3 DMA map ................A-4 Table A–4 Interrupt map ................ A-4 Table A–5 Available LPT1 port addresses ..........

  • Page 13: Abbreviations And Terms Used In This Manual

    An expansion bus used for holding 8– and 16–bit expansion expansion cards. PC SmartLINK A serial communications software package designed by Octagon for use with the 2040 PC/104 CPU. Solid–state disk A simulated disk which uses a high speed solid–state (SSD) memory device. For example, flash memory, EEPROM, or static RAM.

  • Page 14: Conventions Used In This Manual

    Conventions used in this manual 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Conventions used in this manual ≡ Notes and warnings Note A note is supplementary or background information. At other times, it is a hint or reminder that makes a task easier or quicker.

  • Page 15: About This Manual

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual About this manual About this manual The 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual provides information about installing and configuring the 2040 PC/104 CPU. This manual is divided into four sections: Section 1 — Installation Chapter 1:...
  • Page 16 About this manual 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 17: Overview

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overview of Section 1 Section 1 – Installation Overview: Section 1 provides installation and programming instructions, startup options, and system configuration program examples. The following chapters are included: Chapter 1: Overview Chapter 2: Quick start...
  • Page 18 Overview of Section 1 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 19: Chapter 1: Overview

    2040 PC/104 CPU major hardware features The CPU is a low–power 386SX with a clock speed of 40 MHz. Solid–state disks SSD0 The 2040 PC/104 CPU has an on–board 512 KB flash which contains the BIOS and software extensions. SSD1 ®...

  • Page 20: Serial Ports Protected Against Esd

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Serial ports protected against ESD The 2040 PC/104 CPU has two serial ports for 8–wire RS–232C inter- faces. COM1 can also be used as a console interface. These serial ports have the following common specifications: IEC1000, level 3, ESD protection specification —...

  • Page 21: Real Time Calendar/Clock With Battery-Backup

    Momentarily pulling the master reset line to ground (pin 3, con- nector J5) 5 Volt operation lowers system cost The 2040 PC/104 CPU operates from a single 5V ±5% supply. 5V ±5%, 800 mA maximum +12V, –12V, and –5V supplied to PC/104 connector; not required for 2040 PC/104 CPU operation 1–3...

  • Page 22: 2040 Pc/104 Cpu Major Software Features

    The 2040 PC/104 CPU has a Phoenix AT BIOS with Octagon BIOS extensions. Boot sequence A 2040 PC/104 CPU can be configured to boot from an on–card, solid– state disk, an external floppy, or a hard disk. Fast boot You can speed up the BIOS portion of the boot process to approxi- mately five seconds by disabling the “Power on memory test”...

  • Page 23: Specifications

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overview ≡ Specifications Rugged environmental operation Operating temperature –40° to 70°C Nonoperating temperature –55° to 90°C, nonoperating Relative humidity 5% to 95% noncondensing Altitude –100m to 10,000m Shock 40g, 3 axis Vibration 6g, 3 axis Size 3.8"...
  • Page 24 Overview 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 1–6...

  • Page 25: Chapter 2: Quick Start

    Quick start Quick start Chapter 2: This chapter covers the basics of setting up a 2040 PC/104 CPU sys- tem and tells you: How to set the configuration jumpers on the 2040 PC/104 CPU How to install the 2040 PC/104 CPU...

  • Page 26: Configuration Jumpers

    Quick start 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ Configuration jumpers Before you continue with the installation of your 2040 PC/104 CPU, review the following table for a list of jumper configurations to en- sure you have the correct configuration. The 2040 PC/104 CPU component diagram is on the following page.

  • Page 27: Figure 2-1 Component Locations And Mounting Dimensions

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Quick start Figure 2–1 Component locations and mounting dimensions SSD2 SRAM SSD1 DiskOnChip 3.575 COM1 3.375 COM2 LPT1 SETUP Keyboard Speaker Battery Reset 0.000 -0.200 Power PC/104 Interface 2–3...

  • Page 28: Installing The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu Board

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ Installing the 2040 PC/104 CPU board The 2040 PC/104 CPU can be installed two ways – mounted on a flat surface, or connected to a PC/104 interface. The following equipment is included with the 2040: 4 threaded hex stainless steel standoffs (4–40 x 3/8")

  • Page 29: Power Supply

    Quick start ≡ Power supply The 2040 PC/104 CPU requires 5V ±5%, 800 mA maximum. It is de- signed to operate from a single +5 VDC supply, typically supplied at connector J7. In some configurations where the 2040 is connected to another PC/104 system, the power required by the 2040 can be drawn from the system through the PC/104 connector.

  • Page 30: Figure 2-2 Power Connector

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual WARNING! Make sure the power supply is OFF when connecting the power cable to the 2040 PC/104 CPU board. Damage to the 2040 PC/104 CPU may occur if the power is ON when connecting the power cable.

  • Page 31: Bootable Disks

    Quick start ≡ Bootable disks The 2040 PC/104 CPU has an on–board 512 KB flash which contains the BIOS and software extensions. It does not contain an operating system or a bootable disk. The 2040 PC/104 CPU is fully compatible with several operating systems, including MS-DOS and ROM-DOS.

  • Page 32: Serial Console

    This connection requires a VTC–9F cable and a null modem adapter. It also requires PC SmartLINK, available from Octagon, or an equiva- lent terminal emulator. Note When interfacing the 2040 PC/104 CPU to your desktop PC, you must use a null modem adapter. Figure 2–4 Serial console connections Null...

  • Page 33: Floppy Drive

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Quick start ≡ Floppy drive This section describes how to install a floppy drive. The floppy drive can be used as a boot device, or to transfer programs to a DOC. Note If you have a DOC installed on the 2040 and have booted, you may have the utilities TRANSFER.EXE or REMDISK/REMSERVE (ROM...

  • Page 34: Installing A Floppy Disk Drive

    Make sure pin 1 on the cable is connected to pin 1 on the drive. 3. Insert the other end of the cable into J4 on the 2040 PC/104 CPU. 4. Connect power to the floppy drive. 5. Power up the system. If you have a bootable disk in SSD1, the sys- tem should boot up.

  • Page 35: Creating A Boot Disk

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Quick start Creating a boot disk You can create a floppy boot disk on any PC that has DOS installed. This floppy can then be inserted in the floppy disk drive connected to the 2040 and used to boot the system.
  • Page 36 Quick start 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 2–12...

  • Page 37: Chapter 3: Setup Program

    SETUP program SETUP program Chapter 3: The SETUP program defines the 2040 PC/104 CPU system param- eters. This program is shipped with default configuration parameters stored in the serial EEPROM. Changes are made by running the SETUP program. The SETUP program is stored on the 2040 utility disk.
  • Page 38 SETUP program 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual COM1 Console Baud Rate: 1200 2400 4800 9600* 14400 19200 28800 38400 57600 115200 Power on memory test: Enabled* Disabled Disabling this option speeds up the BIOS boot process to about five seconds (Octagon’s “fast boot” feature). It disables the memory test and rearranges the sequence of other power-on tests.
  • Page 39 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual SETUP program Parallel Port Interrupt: IRQ5 IRQ7* Number of floppy drives: 0*, 1, 2 Floppy drive 1 size: 5.25", 360KB 5.25", 1.2 MB 3.5", 720KB 3.5", 1.44 MB* Floppy drive 2 size: 5.25", 360KB 5.25", 1.2 MB 3.5", 720KB...

  • Page 40: Running Setup Over The Console Port

    “backspace” key followed by the “S” key. 3. The system will display the 2040 PC/104 CPU setup parameters and available options. Select the option by pressing the space bar until the correct information appears, then press <ENTER>. Press <ESC>...

  • Page 41: Setup Example

    The following example configures a system with no memory test, 9600 baud, printer at 378h, and booting from C: OCTAGON SYSTEMS CORPORATION 2040 PC/104 CPU SETUP UTILITY Vx.x (c) Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. 1985, 1995 _________________________________________________ (Press SPACE to CHANGE, ENTER to ACCEPT, ESC to EXIT)
  • Page 42 SETUP program 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 3–6...

  • Page 43: Chapter 4: Save And Run Programs

    Refer to the documentation included with your operat- ing system for information on how to use these utilities. From a floppy drive on the 2040 PC/104 CPU, issue the COPY com- mand. 2. Add or remove any device drivers for your application. You may want to do the same for the CONFIG.SYS file on your bootable drive.

  • Page 44: Overriding The Autoexecution Of Your Application

    Save and run programs 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overriding the autoexecution of your application You may stop the autoexecution of your application by doing one of the following options: Option 1 1. Press F5 or F8 on a local keyboard (connected to the 2040). For more information, see your ROM–DOS or MS–DOS manual.

  • Page 45: Overview: Section 2 - Hardware

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overview of Section 2 Section 2 – Hardware Overview: Section 2 discusses usage, functions, and system configurations of the 2040’s major hardware features. The following chapters are included: Chapter 5: Serial ports Chapter 6: LPT1 parallel port...
  • Page 46 Overview of Section 2 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 47: Chapter 5: Serial Ports

    ≡ Description The 2040 PC/104 CPU has two serial ports, COM1 and COM2. These serial ports interface to a printer, terminal, or other serial device. Both ports support 5–, 6–, 7–, or 8–bit word lengths, 1, 1.5, or 2 stop bits, and baud rates up to 115.2K.

  • Page 48: Serial Port Configurations

    Serial ports 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ Serial port configurations COM1 COM1 is a full 8–wire RS–232. The I/O address for COM1 is 3F8h. IRQ4 is dedicated to COM1. If COM1 is not used under interrupt control, IRQ4 may be used by other resources. If COM1 is the console, COM1 uses IRQ4.

  • Page 49: Function And Use Of Serial Ports

    Note When interfacing the 2040 PC/104 CPU to your desktop PC, you must use a null modem cable. Commercial null modem adapters do not connect RI to RTS; they can be used if COM1 is enabled as a serial console in SETUP.

  • Page 50: Com1 And Com2 As Rs-232 I/O

    COM1 and COM2 as RS–232 I/O COM1 and COM2 can be used as RS–232 serial ports. COM1 and COM2 support 8–wire RS–232 configurations. Use a VTC–9F or VTC–9M cable to interface from the 2040 PC/104 CPU to the serial device. Figure 5-2...

  • Page 51: Chapter 6: Lpt1 Parallel Port

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual LPT1 parallel port LPT1 parallel port Chapter 6: ≡ LPT1 parallel port The LPT1 port has a 26–pin connector. It supports the unidirectional standard mode, bidirectional mode, enhanced parallel port (EPP) mode, and extended capabilities port (ECP) mode. The default I/O address is 378h (IRQ7).

  • Page 52: Floppy Drive

    To install a display: 1. Connect a CMA–26 cable from the LPT1 port on the 2040 PC/104 CPU (J4) to J1 on the 2010. See Figure 6–2 (next page). 2. Connect the display cable to either the 14–pin or 16–pin header on the 2010.

  • Page 53: Keypad

    To install a keypad: 1. Connect a CMA–26 cable from the LPT1 port on the 2040 PC/104 CPU (J4) to J1 on the 2010. See Figure 6–2. 2. Connect the keypad cable to the 10–pin header on the 2010.

  • Page 54: Opto Rack

    LPT1 parallel port 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ Opto rack The Octagon MPB–16PC opto rack interfaces directly to the parallel printer port and can control high voltage/high current G4 opto– isolated modules. Of the sixteen positions available, eight can be either input or output, four are dedicated as inputs and the other four are dedicated as outputs.

  • Page 55: Chapter 7: Console Devices

    ≡ Description The 2040 PC/104 CPU has three console options. You can use a PC/104 video card with a monitor and a keyboard as your console. You can also use COM1 as the console, or you can run the system without a console device.

  • Page 56: Com1 As Serial Console Device

    Note When interfacing the 2040 PC/104 CPU to your desktop PC, you must use a null modem cable. Commercial null modem adapters do not connect RI to RTS; they can be used if COM1 is enabled as a serial console in SETUP.

  • Page 57: Figure 7-2 The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu And A Serial Console

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Console devices Figure 7–2 The 2040 PC/104 CPU and a serial console Custom null 2 0 4 0 PC SmartLINK modem P C / 1 0 4 adapter Desktop PC Port (COM1) VTC-9F cable 7–3...

  • Page 58: Keyboard, Speaker, And Mouse

    8–50 ohms. Table 7–1 shows the pinout for connector J5. If your application requires a mouse, you can connect a serial mouse to COM1 or COM2, and load a mouse driver. The 2040 PC/104 CPU does not require a keyboard, speaker, or mouse for operation. Table 7–1...

  • Page 59: Transferring Files Between The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu And Your Pc

    Once you have established communications between your PC and the 2040 PC/104 CPU, you can serially download files to any read/write drive used by the 2040 PC/104 CPU. You can also upload files from the 2040 PC/104 CPU to your desktop PC for editing and debugging.

  • Page 60: Transferring Files To The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu

    PC/104 CPU and your PC. 1. Connect a 9-pin serial cable with a null modem adapter between COM1 of your PC to COM1 of the 2040 PC/104 CPU, using a VTC–9F cable. 2. Execute the TRANSFER program from the 2040 PC/104 CPU to receive a file from your PC.

  • Page 61: Transferring Files From The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu

    2040 PC/104 CPU and your PC. 1. Connect a 9-pin serial cable with a null modem adapter between COM1 of your PC to COM1 of the 2040 PC/104 CPU, using a VTC–9F cable. 2. Execute the TRANSFER program from the 2040 PC/104 CPU to send a file to your PC.

  • Page 62: Downloading Files To The 2040 Pc/104 Cpu Using Pc Smartlink

    The hardware and software requirements are: Desktop PC, running PC SmartLINK, connected by a VTC–9F cable and a null modem adapter to COM1 of the 2040 PC/104 CPU. 2040 PC/104 CPU with ROM–DOS operating system. 1. Connect the equipment according to the following diagram: Figure 7–3...
  • Page 63 Note TRANSFER.EXE will time-out if the program has not been started after approximately 40 seconds. If the time-out occurs, the following message from the 2040 PC/104 CPU is displayed: Failed to receive filename.ext ! Deleting filename.ext 6. When the file transfer is complete, type the following DOS command...
  • Page 64 Console devices 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 7–10...

  • Page 65: Chapter 8: Ssds, Dram, And Battery Backup

    SRAM modules. ≡ Booting The 2040 PC/104 CPU can boot from an external drive such as a floppy connected to LPT1 or a PC/104 hard drive, or from an M–Systems DiskOnChip (DOC) in SSD1. For an external drive, the boot sequence is specified in SETUP.
  • Page 66 SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Figure 8–1 SSD socket locations 2 0 4 0 S S D 1 P C / 1 0 4 D i s k - O n - C h i p...

  • Page 67: Ssd2

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup ≡ SSD2 SSD2 is a 32–pin DIP socket for a 128 KB or 512 KB SRAM module. The SRAM is automatically backed up by a user–supplied battery installed at J5. Table 8–1 shows the pinout for connector J5. The socket exhibits high retention force and affords a gas tight contact.

  • Page 68: Ssd2 Socket

    SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual SSD2 socket SSD2 resides in memory window EC000–EFFFFh. The SSD2 can contain either 128KB or 512KB of SRAM. The upper address lines are set via I/O port 1EC. Accessing SRAM on the 2040 The System Control Register accesses the SRAM on the 2040.

  • Page 69: Table 8-2 System Control Register

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup Table 8–2 System control register Register EEPROM Usesetup 0x1EC Enable** Data Jumper Memory Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3* Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Select...

  • Page 70: Dram

    If SRAM is used in SSD2 you need an AT battery for battery backup of the SRAM files. An AT battery also backs up the CMOS real time clock. The 2040 PC/104 CPU does not have a battery installed when it is shipped. To install a battery: 1.

  • Page 71: Chapter 9: External Drives

    PCs. It can also be used with a PC/104 floppy con- troller. The floppy drives use DMA channel 2. The 2040 PC/104 CPU can also interface with any standard IDE or EIDE hard drives that have a PC/104 interface.

  • Page 72: Installing A Floppy Disk Drive

    2. Insert one end of an Octagon FCA–12 cable into the rear of the floppy drive. Make sure pin 1 on the cable is connected to pin 1 on the drive. 3. Insert the other end of the cable into J4 on the 2040 PC/104 CPU. 4. Connect power to the floppy drive.

  • Page 73: Hard Disk Controller

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual External drives ≡ Hard disk controller The 2040 PC/104 CPU will drive two PC/104 hard drives that have 16–bit IDE interfaces. To install a hard drive: 1. Disconnect power to the 2040 PC/104 CPU. 2. Connect the PC/104 hard drive to the PC/104 connector on the 2040.
  • Page 74 External drives 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 9–4...

  • Page 75: Chapter 10: Interpreting "Beep" Codes

    Interpreting “beep” codes Interpreting “beep” codes Chapter 10: ≡ Description The 2040 PC/104 CPU BIOS generates system status codes during POST. If a speaker is installed at J5, the beep codes are audible. The following table interprets these beep codes. 10–1...

  • Page 76: Table 10-1 Phoenix Bios Beep Codes

    Interpreting “beep” codes 2040 PC/104 user’s manual Table 10–1 Phoenix BIOS beep codes Diagnostic Beep port output codes Description of test or failure 80286 register test in-progress 1-1-3 CMOS write/read test in-progress 1-1-4 BIOS ROM checksum in-progress 1-2-1 Programmable interval timer test in-progress or failure 1-2-2 DMA initialization in-progress or failure 1-2-3...
  • Page 77 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Interpreting “beep” codes Table 10–1 Phoenix BIOS beep codes (cont’d) Diagnostic Beep port output codes Description of test or failure CMOS power-fail and checksum checks in-progress CMOS config info. validation in-progress 3-3-4 Screen memory test in-progress or failure...

  • Page 78: Table 10-2 Additional Error Codes For Phoenix Bios

    Interpreting “beep” codes 2040 PC/104 user’s manual Table 10–2 Additional error codes for Phoenix BIOS Diagnostic Beep port output codes Description of test or failure Entry to power management initialization Return from power management initialization Entry to cache initialization Return from cache initialization Using defaults from ROM Using EEPROM values Exit CMOS initialization...

  • Page 79: Chapter 11: Pc/104 Expansion

    Chapter 11: ≡ Description The 2040 PC/104 CPU can interface to up to three additional PC/104 modules including A/D converters, digital I/O, serial ports, etc. The 2133 supports 8– and 16–bit cards and provides ±12V from the power supply at J7. These modules can be stacked on top of the 2040 to form a highly integrated control system.
  • Page 80 PC/104 expansion 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual 11-2...
  • Page 81 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overview of Section 3 Section 3 – System management Overview: Section 3 provides information on managing the 2040 in the areas of internal control and troubleshooting. The following chapters are included: Chapter 12: Watchdog timer and hardware reset...
  • Page 82 Overview of Section 3 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 83: Chapter 12: Watchdog Timer And Hardware Reset

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Watchdog timer and hardware reset Watchdog timer and hardware reset Chapter 12: ≡ Description The watchdog timer is a fail–safe against program crashes or proces- sor lockups. It times out every 1.6 seconds (1.6 sec. typical, 1.00 sec.

  • Page 84: Watchdog Function Definitions Using Enhanced Int 17H Handler

    Watchdog timer and hardware reset 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ Watchdog function definitions using enhanced INT 17h handler This section provides definitions for the watchdog functions using the Int17 handler (I17HNDLR.EXE). I17HNDLR.EXE is a TSR program. Once executed it is active, but it must be executed each time the system is rebooted.

  • Page 85: Disable Watchdog

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Watchdog timer and hardware reset watchdog is enabled, it has to be strobed at a period of not less than 1.6 seconds or until the watchdog is disabled. Otherwise, a system reset will occur. Programming example: /* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */...

  • Page 86: Set Wdtimer

    Watchdog timer and hardware reset 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Set WDTimer Function: Subfunction: Purpose: To set the watchdog timer timeout period. Calling registers: AH count in ticks ffffh Return registers: BX remaining count Comments: This function sets the counter for the software/ watchdog timer.

  • Page 87: Incrementwdtimer

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Watchdog timer and hardware reset Programming example: /* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { ax,0fd04h dx,0ffffh bx,182 ; 10 seconds = 18.2*10 ; set counter to 10 seconds Additional example asm {...

  • Page 88: Hardware Reset

    ≡ Hardware reset The 2040 PC/104 CPU does not have a reset button. However, pin 3 on connector J5 can be connected to a switch which momentarily pulls the pin to ground, causing a hardware reset. Also, the RESET com- mand accomplishes the same thing as a reset button.

  • Page 89: Chapter 13: Serial Eeprom

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Serial EEPROM Serial EEPROM Chapter 13: ≡ Description Up to 768 words of user-definable data can be saved in the serial EE- PROM. The serial EEPROM does not require battery backup to main- tain the data when the system power is off. The serial EEPROM is easily accessible via software interrupts by most programming languages.

  • Page 90: Write A Single Word To The Serial Eeprom

    Serial EEPROM 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Comments: This function reads a word from the user area of the serial EEPROM. Programming example: /* Read word 2 */ unsigned int seeData; /* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */...

  • Page 91: Read Multiple Words From The Serial Eeprom

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Serial EEPROM Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM Function: Subfunction: Purpose: To read multiple words from the on-board serial EEPROM. Calling registers: Word address (zero based) Word count ffffh (relative to user area) ES:DI Destination pointer...

  • Page 92: Return Serial Eeprom Size

    Serial EEPROM 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Word count ffffh (user area relative address) DS:SI Source pointer Return registers: Carry flag cleared if successful Carry flag set if error Error code Error Code Meaning Unknown error Function not implemented Defective serial EEPROM...

  • Page 93: Check Cmos Battery

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Serial EEPROM Error code Meaning Unknown error Function not implemented Defective serial EEPROM Illegal access Comments: This function returns the size (in words) of the serial EEPROM. Since the user cannot access all of the serial EEPROM, this function determines how much space is available to the user.
  • Page 94 Serial EEPROM 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Programming example: /* Reports the condition of the CMOS battery */ unsigned int cmosflag; /* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { ax,0fb08h dx,0ffffh cmosflag,al printf("The CMOS byte 0E at powerup time = %02x\n",...

  • Page 95: Chapter 14: Troubleshooting

    2040 PC/104 CPU. This ensures that other cards are not interacting with the 2040 PC/104 CPU. 2. The VTC-9F serial cable turns the 2040 PC/104 CPU serial port into a 9-pin AT serial port. Make sure a null modem adapter is installed on the other end, and that the assembly is inserted into the proper serial port on the PC.

  • Page 96: System Generates A Bios Message But Locks Up When Booting From Ssd1

    Troubleshooting 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting from SSD1 If the message “press C to try again or S for setup” appears, the boot did not complete. The most likely reason is that the DOC does not have an operating system installed.
  • Page 97 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Overview of Section 4 Section 4 – Appendices Overview: Section 4 contains a series of appendices which provides additional information about the 2040. Appendix A: Technical data Appendix B: Software utilities Appendix C: Accessories...
  • Page 98 Overview of Section 4 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual...

  • Page 99: Appendix A: Technical Data

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Technical data Technical data Appendix A: ≡ Technical specifications 40 MHz 386SX BIOS AT compatible with industrial extensions. The BIOS has a "fast boot" feature which when selected allows the BIOS to boot in approxi- mately five seconds.
  • Page 100 Technical data 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Battery backup AT style battery (not included) Power requirements 5V ±0.25V, 800 mA maximum Voltage supervisor Reset threshold: +5V supply > 4.65V typical Environmental specifications –40° to 70° C operating –55° to 90° C nonoperating...

  • Page 101: Table A-1 2040 Pc/104 Cpu Memory Map

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Technical data Table A–1 2040 PC/104 CPU memory map Hex range Function 00000h—9FFFFh System memory (640KB base RAM) . A0000h—BFFFFh Off–card memory (Normally reserved for video memory) . C0000h—C7FFFh Off–card memory. Reserved for video BIOS.
  • Page 102 Technical data 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Table A–3 DMA map Channel Function Channel 0 Reserved for bus memory refresh Channel 1 Reserved for ECP parallel port Channel 2 Reserved for floppy drive Channel 3 Available Channel 4 Slave Channel 5...

  • Page 103: Connector Pinouts

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Technical data ≡ Connector pinouts Table A–6 PC/104 signal assignments Row A Row B Row C Row D — — IOCHK* SBHE* MEMCS16* RESETDRV LA23 IOCS16* LA22 IRQ10 IRQ9 LA21 IRQ11 –5V LA20 IRQ12 DRQ2...
  • Page 104 Technical data 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Table A–7 Speaker, battery, keyboard, and reset: J5 Signal Function +5V in series with 33 Ω +Speaker 3.6V external battery, negative Reset SW External reset KBD SW Inhibit switch to disable keyboard KBD Data...

  • Page 105: Table A-9 Lpt1 Printer Connector: J4

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Technical data Table A–9 LPT1 printer connector: J4 DB-25 pin Function DB-25 pin Function STB* AFD* DATA6 DATA0 ERR* DATA7 DATA1 INIT* ACK* DATA2 SLIN* BUSY DATA3 DATA4 SLCT DATA5 +5V Safe * = active low...
  • Page 106 Technical data 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual A–8...

  • Page 107: Appendix B: Software Utilities

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Software utilities Software utilities Appendix B: ≡ Introduction The 2040 PC/104 CPU Software Utility Disk comes with the utilities listed below. This appendix describes the utilities and their use. Support commands: COM1CON.EXE I17HNDLR.EXE LPT1CON.COM PGMBIOS.EXE RESET.COM...

  • Page 108: Com1Con.exe

    Software utilities 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ COM1CON.EXE Purpose This support command enables COM1 as the console device when the system uses a video card. Syntax COM1CON.EXE Parameter /Ux specifies to revert to the video card. Remarks The memory for COM1CON is not released using the /U parameter.

  • Page 109: Lpt1Con.com

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Software utilities ≡ LPT1CON.COM Purpose This support command redirects the video to the LPT1 port. Syntax LPT1CON Remarks If you have a 2010 interface board and an LCD display connected to the LPT1 port, executing the DISPLAY.EXE and LPT1CON.COM programs allow you to use the display as the system console.

  • Page 110: Pgmbios.exe

    Software utilities 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual ≡ PGMBIOS.EXE Purpose This support command programs a new system BIOS into the 2040 PC/104 CPU. Syntax PGMBIOS [ filename ] [/Y] [/C] [/?] Parameters filename specifies the BIOS .DAT file to program into flash.

  • Page 111: Reset.com

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Software utilities ≡ RESET.COM Purpose This support command enables the watchdog timer and allows time– out to expire, thus restarting the system. Syntax RESET Remarks The RESET command also restarts all the expansion I/O cards on the bus.
  • Page 112 Software utilities 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual OCTAGON SYSTEMS CORPORATION 2040 SETUP UTILITY Vx.x (c) Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. 1985, 1995 _________________________________________________ (Press SPACE to CHANGE, ENTER to ACCEPT, ESC to EXIT) Serial Console on COM1: Enabled COM1 Console Baud Rate:...

  • Page 113: Sconsole.exe

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Software utilities ≡ SCONSOLE.EXE Purpose This support command checks whether the system is running on a serial console. Syntax SCONSOLE Remarks This command is useful in batch programs to detect if the serial console is in use. It returns an error level of 0 if the serial console is enabled, allowing a DOS batch file to “react”...
  • Page 114 Software utilities 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual B–8...

  • Page 115: Appendix C: Accessories

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Accessories Accessories Appendix C: Table C–1 Cables and terminal board Product Description Octagon part number VTC-9F Serial cable - Female 2746 VTC-9M Serial cable - Male 2472 Null modem 9-pin to 9-pin 2470 adapter FCA-12...
  • Page 116 Accessories 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Table C–3 Opto rack and modules Product Description Octagon part number MPB-16PC PC opto rack, 16-position 3389 G4-IAC5 AC input, 90-140 VAC 2395 G4-IAC5A AC input, 180-280 VAC 2396 G4-IDC5 DC input, 15-32 VDC...

  • Page 117: Index

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Index Parallel port interface 6-2 Index Hard disk drive 9-3 Hardware reset 12-6 Accessories C-1 I/O map A-3 Applications I17HNDLR.EXE B-2 Installing 4-1 Installation 2-4 Autoexecution 4-2 INT 17h handler Used for serial EEPROM 13-1...
  • Page 118 Index 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Power SRAM 8-1, 8-3 Requirements A-2 Battery backup 8-3, 8-6 Power supply Sizes 8-3 Connecting 2-5 SSD0 8-1, A-1 Requirements 2-5 SSD1 8-1, 8-3, A-1 Printer Memory address 8-1 Connecting 6-1 Socket 8-1 Socket location 8-2...

  • Page 119: Warranty

    2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Warranty Warranty Octagon Systems Corporation (Octagon), warrants that its standard hardware products will be free from defects in materials and workman- ship under normal use and service for the current established warranty period. Octagon’s obligation under this warranty shall not arise until Buyer returns the defective product, freight prepaid to Octagon’s facility...
  • Page 120 Warranty 2040 PC/104 CPU user’s manual Returning a product for repair Upon determining that repair services are required, the customer must: 1. Obtain an RMA (Return Material Authorization) number from the Customer Service Department, 303-430–1500. 2. If the request is for an out of warranty repair, a purchase order number or other acceptable information must be supplied by the customer.

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