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Tynemouth Mini PET 40 Assembly Manual

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Tynemouth
Mini PET
40/80
Microcomputer Kit
Assembly Guide
Designed by Tynemouth Software.
Produced by The Future Was 8 bit.
© 2021 Dave Curran. All rights reserved.

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  • Page 1 Tynemouth Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Designed by Tynemouth Software. Produced by The Future Was 8 bit. © 2021 Dave Curran. All rights reserved.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................... 1 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS ..................2 ASSEMBLY TOOLS ....................3 ......................3 INIMUM OOLS ......................4 DDITIONAL OOLS PARTS LIST ....................... 5 ........................5 ARDWARE ......................... 6 APACITORS ........................6 ESISTORS ......................
  • Page 4 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide DIP SWITCHES ....................... 35 ROM S ..................... 36 YSTEM ELECTION ROM ....................37 HARACTER 40 / 80-C ................39 OLUMN TART ......................40 IDEO UTPUT ....................41 RGBI C ......................42 OLOUR HELLO WORLD ....................... 43 TROUBLESHOOTING ....................
  • Page 5 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX A: RESISTOR COLOUR CODES ..............51 APPENDIX B: PINOUTS ................... 53 IEEE-488 E ..................53 ONNECTOR ........................ 54 ....................... 55 ATASETTES PET M ......................56 ONITOR ....................57 ONITOR APPENDIX C: SD2PET ..................... 59 ......................
  • Page 6 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. Tynemouth...

  • Page 7: Introduction

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide INTRODUCTION Thank you for buying a Mini PET 40/80 kit. The Mini PET's design recaptures a time in the early days of computing, where it was a rite of passage to build your own computer and then learn to program it.

  • Page 8: Unpacking Instructions

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS IMPORTANT Verify the contents of your kit before starting assembly. The parts list shows all components and the quantities provided. Contact your supplier if you are sure any parts are missing.

  • Page 9: Assembly Tools

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide ASSEMBLY TOOLS Minimum Tools The following minimum tools are required to complete this kit. Tool Description Soldering Iron For safety reasons, we recommend using a soldering stand. Rosin Core Solder Recommendation: 60/40 Tin/Lead for quality and ease of use.

  • Page 10: Additional Tools

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Additional Tools Consider the following additional tools to assist with your build: A continuity checker will help you find breaks in Continuity Checker your connections. Use the multimeter to confirm resistor values if Multimeter colours are challenging to see.

  • Page 11: Parts List

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide PARTS LIST Hardware Part Note Nylon screw (Phillips head M3 6mm) 8mm nylon posts (female top/male base) 13mm nylon posts (female top/male base) 10mm pillar (female both ends) Mainboard Acrylic top plate (Perspex)

  • Page 12: Capacitors

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Capacitors Part Value Note 22pF Axial ceramic. Usually marked 220 or 220J 100nF Axial ceramic. Usually marked as 104 or 100n Axial ceramic. Usually marked as 105 or 1u0 100μF Axial electrolytic rated 25V or higher...

  • Page 13: Semiconductors

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Semiconductors IMPORTANT This board uses 74HC series logic and modern WDC 65Cxx series chips. The W65C02S is not pin-compatible with the original NMOS 6502. DO NOT use components designed to plug into a 6502 socket (e.g., PET ROM/RAM, PET Diagnostics, 64K RAM boards, SuperPET boards).
  • Page 14 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Part Type Marking Note 74LS07 74HC00 74HC86 74HC138 74LS145 74HC166 74HC257 74HC393 CD4013 CD40106 DO NOT fit anything W65C02S else into this position other than a W65C02S. It will not work. The pinout is different.

  • Page 15: Other

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Other Part Type Note Tactile Yellow plunger, standard 12mm x Switch 12mm and keycaps (e.g., Omron B3F-4055) White plunger, light touch 12mm x 12mm and keycaps (e.g., Omron B3F-4050) Piezo AC Not a buzzer or any sounder that has...
  • Page 16 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Part Type Note DC Jack 2.1 mm Video 9-way D right angled PCB socket Connector (Optional if using an RGBI monitor) 7-way or 11-way 0.1" pin header with pin 2 removed Not included...

  • Page 17: Board Layout And Assembly

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide BOARD LAYOUT AND ASSEMBLY Part placement on the Mini PET: Assemble the board, starting with the lowest profile parts. CAUTION Starting with lower-profile parts prevents crowding by larger components. Tynemouth...

  • Page 18: Resistors

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 1. Resistors The following board drawing shows resistor locations. Resistor placements showing the letter K between numbers are a compressed notation. The K stands for a decimal point in its value as well as a multiplier of 1,000.
  • Page 19 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Resistor  Resistor Orientation Resistors do not have a polarity and may be soldered in either orientation. Orienting to align colour bands is for aesthetic purposes only. Tynemouth...

  • Page 20: Ceramic Capacitors And Diodes

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 2. Ceramic Capacitors and Diodes The following board drawing shows ceramic capacitor and diode locations. Place and solder the components as shown. Ceramic Capacitor Orientation Ceramic capacitors do not have a polarity and may be soldered in either orientation.
  • Page 21 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Ceramic Capacitor Diode   Diode Orientation Place diodes in alignment with the band position on the board. Band Band Diode Board Note: The three diode locations where no value is shown are 1N4148 diodes.

  • Page 22: Crystal And Transistor

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 3. Crystal and Transistor The following board drawing shows crystal and transistor locations. Place and solder the components as shown. Transistor Orientation Align the flat edge of the transistor with the flat edge of the image on the board.
  • Page 23 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Crystal Transistor   Crystal Orientation Crystals do not have a polarity and may be soldered in either orientation. Tynemouth...

  • Page 24: Ic Sockets And Resistor Arrays

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 4. IC Sockets and Resistor Arrays The following board drawing shows IC socket and resistor array locations. Place and solder the components as shown. IC Socket Orientation Align the IC socket notch with the notch on the board image. This ensures pin 1 is in the bottom-left position.
  • Page 25 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide IC Socket Resistor Array   Resistor Array Orientation Align the dot on each resistor array with the dot on the board. Board Resistor Array Tynemouth...

  • Page 26: Jacks, Connectors, Dip Switches, And Electrolytic Capacitor

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 5. Jacks, Connectors, DIP Switches, and Electrolytic Capacitor The following board drawing shows jack, connector, and DIP switch locations. Place and solder the components as shown. Jack and Connector Orientation Follow the orientation on the board. Parts should only fit in one direction.
  • Page 27 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Jack or Connector DIP Switch Electrolytic Capacitor    Capacitor Orientation Observe the polarity of the 100uF electrolytic capacitor. Negative Negative Capacitor Board Tynemouth...

  • Page 28: Piezo Ac Transducer And Leds

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 6. Piezo AC Transducer and LEDs The following board drawing shows Piezo and LED locations. Place and solder the components as shown. Piezo AC Transducer Orientation Observe the polarity of the Piezo AC Transducer. Its label shows the positive terminal.
  • Page 29 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Piezo AC Transducer   LED Orientation Align the positive terminal (longer) of the LED with the round solder pad on the board. For LED colour, see the table on the following page.
  • Page 30 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide The following table shows the use of each LED. Function The green LED indicates 9V DC power on the board. The LED is on (dimly) during standby and regular operation. READY This red LED indicates the system is ready and should produce a video output.

  • Page 31: Keyboard Assembly

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 7. Keyboard Assembly Switch placement for the Mini PET keyboard: 73 White 4 Yellow plunger plunger switches switches Keycap Labels Your Mini PET comes with the following keycap labels: Tynemouth...
  • Page 32 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Label Options The kit includes alternate versions of some labels for pixel accuracy, colour, or function options: Pixel Accuracy These labels are pixel-accurate, showing pixels starting in the upper left of the visible character.
  • Page 33 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Assembly Assemble the keyboard as follows: a) Prepare the keycaps. Place a keycap label between the white keycap and the clear keycap cover. Snap all three together to form a single keycap displaying the keycap label.
  • Page 34 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide c) Place the keyboard overlay over the switches. Note the six holes around the perimeter. d) Secure the centre and all four corners (six holes) of the overlay with the screw, the shorter 8mm post, and 10mm pillar, as shown below.
  • Page 35 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide e) Click keycaps into place over the switches. Keycaps Mainboard Solder the switches to the board. Tynemouth...

  • Page 36: Integrated Circuits

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 8. Integrated Circuits The following board drawing shows integrated circuit locations. Place the components as shown. Integrated Circuit (IC) Pin Preparation Do not remove the ICs from the protective foam until soldering and cleaning are complete.
  • Page 37 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Integrated Circuit  Integrated Circuit (IC) Orientation Carefully insert the ICs, aligning the IC notch with the IC socket notch. Alignment ensures pin 1 is in the bottom-left position. IC Socket Pin 1...

  • Page 38: Final Assembly

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 9. Final Assembly Two transparent acrylic plates complete the assembly. The smaller top plate covers the components above the keyboard, while the bottom plate covers the mainboard's underside. Assemble the top and bottom plates using the screws, 13mm posts, and pillars as shown below.

  • Page 39: Additional Keys

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide ADDITIONAL KEYS The Mini PET features four keys in addition to the standard keyboard configuration. Button Function Turns Mini PET off and on. The column mode is set by DIP switch 5. See section 40 / 80-Column Start-Up Mode.
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  • Page 41: Dip Switches

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide DIP SWITCHES A set of 10 DIP switches determine how the Mini PET runs. Set all switches to the OFF position for recommended settings. 9 10 System Character RGBI Video Mode Font Output...

  • Page 42: System Rom Selection

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide System ROM Selection Use the following table to select a ROM set. Mini PET BASIC 4.1 is recommended. BASIC 1, 2 and 4.0 sets are provided for reference purposes. The 80- column BASIC 4.0 set has been modified to support the normal/graphics keyboard and remove code to program the 6845 CRTC.

  • Page 43: Character Font Rom

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Character Font ROM Use the following tables to select the character set used with the system ROM. In most cases, the BASIC 2/4.x character set should be used. Character Set: 901447-10 (BASIC 2/4.x)
  • Page 44 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Character Set: German DIN BASIC 2/4.x Charset 1 Uppercase/Graphics Charset 2 Lowercase/Uppercase Character Set: 901447-12 (Japanese BASIC 1) Charset 1 Uppercase/Graphics Charset 2 Uppercase/Symbols Tynemouth...

  • Page 45: 80-Column Start-Up Mode

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 40 / 80-Column Start-Up Mode Use the following table to select the 40 / 80 column mode that will be selected at power-on. Power on Start-Up Character Set Mode 40-column 1 - Uppercase/Graphics 80-column 2 –...

  • Page 46: Video Output

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Video Output IMPORTANT Set the video output mode carefully. The use of an incorrect mode can damage older monitors. Use the following table to select a video output mode for your monitor. Reset the Mini PET for changes to take effect.

  • Page 47: Text Mode Line Gaps

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Text Mode Line Gaps Switch 9 can be used to enable a two-pixel gap between each character row. This can be useful for word processing or text adventures in Lowercase / Uppercase text mode. Line gaps will not be inserted in Uppercase / Graphics mode.

  • Page 48: Rgbi Colour

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide RGBI Colour When using a colour monitor connected to the RGBI port, you can select either green or white text using switch 10. Colour Green on black White on black IMPORTANT This switch affects RGBI output only.

  • Page 49: Hello World

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide HELLO WORLD Congratulations on assembling your Mini PET! Let's test its operation by running the classic Hello World program. 1. Connect and power up your Mini PET. 2. From the READY prompt, type the following: 10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"...
  • Page 50 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 1. Type the following: 2. Press Return. If the screen displays "HELLO WORLD" continuously, your Mini PET is working as designed. Press the RUN STOP key to break the program and return to the READY prompt.

  • Page 51: Troubleshooting

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide TROUBLESHOOTING Common Issues Most Mini PET builds work first time. If your build does not, perform the following checks: Problem Check OFF / ON Press the OFF / ON button. The Mini PET will chirp on start-up. If Button you hear a chirp but see no output, refer to Basics below.

  • Page 52: System Test

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide System Test The Mini PET includes a built-in self-test. The self-test examines system RAM, ROM, video RAM, and some functions of the IO chips. Results are displayed as a PASS or FAIL. Failed bit numbers are shown.
  • Page 53 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 80-Column Test Example: Once the first cycle of tests is complete, the test repeats until interrupted, acting as a burn-in test to determine whether any issues emerge after extended use. Counters at the bottom of the screen keep track of the number of cycles and faults found.

  • Page 54: Ram Testing A Mini Pet That Will Not Boot

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide RAM Testing a Mini PET That Will Not Boot Method One If your Mini PET does not boot you can start a special build of the self-test program to test system and video RAM. Perform the following steps: 1.
  • Page 55 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Method Two A simpler test examines the first and last 1,000 bytes of memory and shows the results. Perform the following steps: 1. Turn the power off. 2. Set DIP switches 1, 3, and 4 to OFF.

  • Page 56: Support

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide SUPPORT Before contacting support,  please go to the Troubleshooting section. If you are experiencing trouble with your kit, contact TFW8B.com support to report any problems at https://www.thefuturewas8bit.com/contacts/. Tynemouth...

  • Page 57: Appendix A: Resistor Colour Codes

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX A: RESISTOR COLOUR CODES Use the chart below to understand resistor values based on their colour codes. Colour Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Value Value Multiplier Tolerance  Black Brown ...
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  • Page 59: Appendix B: Pinouts

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX B: PINOUTS IEEE-488 Edge Connector The IEEE-488 connector supplies a fast parallel databus to connect an external disk drive or printer. Top Pins Bottom Pins NDAC NRFD REN* DIO 4 DIO 8...

  • Page 60: User Port

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide User Port The user port provides general user IO functionality, video, and datasette signals. There is a full 8-bit parallel IO port driven from the 6522 VIA. This is not compatible with VIC20 or C64 user ports.

  • Page 61: Datasettes

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Datasettes The Mini PET supports two datasettes. Each uses the same datasette edge connector as the VIC20 and Commodore 64, so you can use a C2N or 1530 datasette to load or save programs. The signals are also accessible via pin headers next to each port.

  • Page 62: Pet Monitor

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide PET Monitor Use the monitor connector pins 1-7 to drive a PET 9" or 12" monitor. The pinout is the same for both monitor sizes, but the signal polarity differs. The video DIP switches determine the polarity and frame rate when selecting a 9"...

  • Page 63: 9-Wayd Monitor

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide 9-Way D Monitor Use the 9-way D connector to attach an MDA or Hercules monitor, a CGA monitor, or an RGBI monitor (e.g., Commodore 1084S or 1901). For colour monitors, DIP switch 10 decides the signal. In White on Black mode, the video is sent to Red, Green, Blue, and Intensity inputs, giving a bright white character.
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  • Page 65: Appendix C: Sd2Pet

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX C: SD2PET Installation For users who purchased an SD2PET data drive for the Mini PET, connect the unit as shown below. Datasette_2 SD Card Reset Button SD2PET IEEE-488 Mini PET 40/80 Mainboard...
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  • Page 67: Appendix D: Commands

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX D: COMMANDS  INFORMATION Commands used in the following sections address your drive as ID 8. If your drive is identified as ID 9, 10, or 11, update the commands as in the following...

  • Page 68: Disk Commands

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Disk Commands The table below shows disk command options based on the BASIC version running and whether DOS Wedge is loaded. Symbols: ☐ ◨ ■ Not supported DOS Wedge must be loaded Supported...
  • Page 69 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Basic Version Command I want to Replace bolded text with a file name. ☐ ■ ■ ■ LOAD "$",8 LIST Overwrites the current program. List the files in the ☐ ☐ ■ ■...
  • Page 70 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Basic Version Command I want to Replace bolded text with a file name. OPEN 1,8,15,"CD:DISK.D64" ☐ ■ ■ ■ CLOSE 1 Mount a disk ☐ ◨ ◨ ■ @CD:DISK.D64 image ☐ ☐ ◨...

  • Page 71: Datasette Commands

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Datasette Commands The table below shows datasette command options based on the BASIC version running. Symbols: ☐ ■ Not supported Supported Basic Version Command I want to Replace bolded text with a file name.

  • Page 72: Character Set Commands

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Character Set Commands The table below shows character set command options based on the BASIC version running and whether DOS Wedge is loaded. Symbols: ☐ ◨ ■ Not supported DOS Wedge must be loaded...

  • Page 73: Command Notes

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Command Notes The following are general notes regarding commands and messaging when using the SD2PET device. Topic Detail BASIC 1 BASIC 1 does not support IEEE-488 disk drives. Use one of Disk the later versions of BASIC if you want to access a disk drive.
  • Page 74 Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide File Files on the SD card with .prg extensions require the extension to be included when using disk commands. For example: Extensions LOAD "NAME.PRG", 8 Files saved from the Mini PET do not have the .prg extension and are loaded as follows: LOAD "NAME",8...

  • Page 75: Appendix E: File Browser

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX E: File Browser Loading and Running the File Browser The File Browser is only available for BASIC 4.0 and 4.1. Use one of the following methods to invoke the File Browser: BASIC Version...

  • Page 76: File Browser Controls

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide File Browser Controls The File Browser application operates through keyboard controls to help you quickly navigate the list of available files, subdirectories, and disk images. The table below provides the keyboard actions available.

  • Page 77: Appendix F: Machine Language Monitor

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Appendix F: Machine Language Monitor All BASIC versions apart from BASIC 1 have a built-in machine language monitor, as shown below. The break handler activates the monitor at any point the BRK instruction executes.

  • Page 78: Commands

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide Commands The following commands are used within the machine language monitor. Command Detail M start Displays 8 bytes of memory from the (BASIC 4.1 only) start address. M start,end Display memory between two addresses, showing 8 bytes per row.

  • Page 79: Appendix G: Memory Map

    Mini PET 40/80 Microcomputer Kit Assembly Guide APPENDIX G: MEMORY MAP The 6502 microprocessor has a 64K address space. This space splits into 32K of RAM in the lower half and Video RAM, ROM, and I/O in the upper half.

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