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Summary of Contents for short circuits SABER CARD
- Page 1 SABER CARD I N S T R U C T I O N M A N U A L v0.92...
- Page 2 The Kit NE555 CD4017B Printed Circuit Board Components then applied. This is the silkscreen layer, which The Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is made of The kit comes with a variety of components. is where the footprints, designations and oth- resin and fiberglass, with a layer of copper on They make the circuit function.
- Page 3 The Manual There is quite a lot of information in this man- Assembly Instructions ual, so here is a run down of each section and what you are likely to find. This is where you can learn how to solder your components to the PCB.
- Page 4 MOTHERBOARD The SABER CARD kit is designed to teach you how to solder and desolder surface mount com- ponents without specialised equipment. The circuit uses a 555 timer chip that can be set up to emit a clock pulse at a regular interval.
- Page 5 Kit Contents 1 x NE555 Timer NE555 1 x CD4017 Counter CD4017B 11 x 0805 LEDs (Blue) 4 x 0805 Resistors (2K) 1 x Printed Circuit Board 2 x 0805 Resistors (4.7K) 4 x 0805 Resistors (10K) Tools Needed 2 x 0805 Resistors (20K) Soldering Iron + Thin Tip 2 x 0.1uF Capacitors...
- Page 6 Circuit - Bill of Materials (BOM) Designation Value Name Footprint Datasheet 0.1uF Ceramic Capacitor 0805 0.1uF/1uF/4.7uF Ceramic Capacitor 0805 D1-11 20mA, 2.5V, Blue LED SMD 0805 10K, 1/4W Resistor 0805 2K, 1/4W Resistor 0805 2K/4.7K/10K/20K Resistor 0805 NE555 Timer SOP8 CD4017 Decade Counter SOP16...
- Page 7 Circuit - Component Layout...
- Page 8 Circuit - Schematic NE555 Clock Pulse Generator CD4017 Decade Counter NE555 4017 LED1 CKEN LED2 LED3 RESET LED4 LED5 LED6 LED7 LED8 LED9 LED10 100nF Cout CLK LED LEDs...
- Page 9 To provide a clock signal for the 4017 decade counter, we are using the 555 timer in its as- table mode. Or head over to the Saber Card page on the website to find some helpful calculators. Decoupling Capacitor (C1)
- Page 10 Circuit - Decade Counter Circuit CD4017 Decade Counter The CD4017 is a simple IC that turns on each of its 10 outputs sequentially. The counter ad- vances one count when the input clock signal transitions to high. Each output will turn off when the next is turned on.
- Page 11 Circuit - LEDs Main LED Strip (D2-11) To calculate the resistors minimum value, we can use the following equation: Each of the LEDs in the strip are connected to an output on the CD4017 decade counter. As the counter sends its outputs high when SOURCE on, and we want our LEDs to turn on one at a time, we connect the outputs to the anodes of...
- Page 12 Assembly Instructions - Tips General Soldering tips Check the component position using the images opposite. To help identify the compo- 4. SOLDER 1. ALWAYS KEEP YOUR TIP CLEAN nents please refer to the table on this page. Leaded solder is much easier to work with, To ensure the soldering iron can transfer LEDs which makes it easier to learn with.
- Page 14 Assembly Instructions soldering iron. If you pull away the soldering Capacitors feeding a tiny amount of solder to the joint. iron without holding onto the LED, the LED will likely come away with the iron. C1 = 100nF, C2 = You choose Now solder each of the other pins.
- Page 16 Short Circuits 1002 Now we need to check for short circuits (the bad kind). If we have a short circuit some- where on the board and we apply power, you may destroy one of or both of the chips.
- Page 17 Component Index Here you will find information about each component that this kit includes. We have included some of the different sizes and shapes you may find out in the wilderness, different uses for each component, and important data that can be found in datasheets to help you design circuits around them.
- Page 18 Capacitor - Ceramic Overview Identification Quick Reference Capacitors are so named for their ability to tolerance Check store a certain capacity of electrical energy (J=5%) Polarity 104J (Capacitance), measured in farads (F). A certain amount of capacitance exists be- Positions first digit tween any two conductors that are in close multiplier...
- Page 19 Capacitor - Ceramic Troubleshooting Common Uses Unlike electrolytic capacitors, ceramic ca- Decoupling Filtering pacitors rarely fail in normal use. However, if the voltage exceeds the datasheet’s rec- Capacitors are often used to protect cer- Unlike resistors, who’s resistance stays ommended maximum values (breakdown tain components from interference from constant no mater what frequency of sig- voltage), they can and will produce magic...
- Page 20 Capacitor - Ceramic Low-Pass Filter cutoff Another form of filter that uses capacitors Input Output is an RC filter. The most common RC fil- ters are low-pass and high pass filters. As the name suggests, the low-pass filter lets low frequency signals pass but not high frequencies.
- Page 21 Integrated Circuit - NE555 Quick Reference Overview terminal pins Physical Construction The NE555 is a very versatile chip that has Check been around for 50 years. Some say the Polarity most popular IC ever made... Positions The chip has 2 main operating modes: index marking Type 1.
- Page 22 Integrated Circuit - NE555 Important Ratings Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Operating temperature 0°C 70°C Supply Voltage (V 4.5V Output Current (I ±200mA Input Voltage (V NE555 Pinout TRIG DISCH THRES RESET CONT Power Reset Discharge Ground Trigger Threshold Output Control Voltage...
- Page 23 Integrated Circuit - CD4017 Quick Reference Overview Physical Construction terminal pins The CD4017 is a simple IC that turns on Check each of its 10 outputs sequentially. The Polarity counter advances one count when the input clock signal transitions to high. Positions Each output will turn off when the next is index marking...
- Page 24 Integrated Circuit - CD4017 Important Ratings Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Operating temperature -55°C 125°C Supply Voltage (V Clock Input Frequency (5V-15V) 2.5-5.5MHz Quiescent Current 0.04µA 100µA Input Low Voltage (5V-15V) 1.5-4V Input High Voltage (5V-15V) 3.5-11V Output Current (5V-15V) 1-6.8mA CD4017 Pinout RESET CLOCK...
- Page 25 Light Emitting Diode (LED) Physical Construction Quick Reference Overview An LED is a Light Emitting Diode. Like all Check epoxy casing diodes, they are polarity sensitive. They are Polarity semiconductor light sources that emit light Positions when current flows through them. Different semiconductor materials produce photons Type active...
- Page 26 Resistor Troubleshooting Overview Quick Reference If a resistor is bad you can usually tell. It Resistors do exactly that, they resist the Check likely went up in a puff of grey smoke. as flow of electrons through them. This resis- Polarity soon as you exceed the resistors power tance, measured in Ohms (Ω), is fixed and...
- Page 27 Resistor Reading Resistor Values Surface Mount 1002 Surface mount resistors use a few coding systems. If you see just numbers, the re- sistor is probably using the E24 system. If it has a letter at the end then it is proba- bly E96.
- Page 28 Resistor Through Hole Through hole resistors have 4 to 6 coloured bands which represent digits, a multiplier, tolerance and temperature coefficient. Use the following diagram to work out the re- sistors value. 4 Bands 22Ω ±1% 5 Bands 220Ω ±1% 6 Bands 220Ω...
- Page 29 Resistor Ohm’s Law Ohms law is the most basic and useful piece of maths used in electronics. We try to keep things maths free, but this one is unavoidable. It describes the relationship between Resistance (R), Voltage (V), and Current (I). Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two...
- Page 30 If you recognise anything as your own, and think you deserve a mention, please feel free to contact admin@shortcircuits.cc and let Martyn know. © 2021 Short Circuits™ Some Rights Reserved What is allowed? All circuits and schematics can be freely shared and modified as open source...