Arcteq AQ-C255 Instruction Manual
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Arcteq AQ-C255 Instruction Manual

Capacitor bank protection ied
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AQ-C255
Capacitor bank protection IED
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-C255

  • Page 1 AQ-C255 Capacitor bank protection IED Instruction manual...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    4.2 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 13 5 Functions unctions ...................................................... 15 5.1 Functions included in AQ-C255 ................... 15 5.2 Measurements........................17 5.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................17 5.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................29 5.2.3 Power and energy calculation ..................40 5.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling .................
  • Page 4 7 Connections and applic 7 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................354 7.1 Connections of AQ-C255 ....................354 7.2 Application example and its connections................355 7.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............356 7.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................357...
  • Page 5 9.3 Tests and environmental ....................413 10 Or 10 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ............................................416 11 Contact and r 11 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................418 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.
  • Page 7 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Copyright Copyright © Arcteq Relays Ltd. 2022. All rights reserved. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 8: Document Inf

    - Complete rewrite of every chapter. - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Order codes revised. Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 - First revision of AQ-C255. Changes - Added chapters for "Capacitor bank module" and Icol> & Cnu> functions. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 ©...
  • Page 9 - Tech data updated: overfrequency, underfrequency and rate-of-change-of-frequency. - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - AQ-C255 Functions included list Added: Capacitor bank protection module, capacitor bank overload protection, RTD, energy dose counter, non-directional undercurrent, feeder thermal overload protection.
  • Page 10 - Added user description parameter descriptions for digital inputs, digital outputs, logical inputs, logical outputs and GOOSE inputs. - Arc point sensor HSO1 and HSO2 position fixed. - Added spare part codes and compatibilities to option cards. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 11: Abbr Bbre E Via Viations Tions

    FFT – Fast Fourier transform FTP – File Transfer Protocol GI – General interrogation HMI – Human-machine interface HR – Holding register HV – High voltage HW – Hardware IDMT– Inverse definite minimum time IED – Intelligent electronic device © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 12 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 13: General

    Version: 2.06 3 General The AQ-C255 capacitor bank protection IED is a member of the AQ-200 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements, and the software determines the available functions. There are up to eleven (11) option card slots available for additional I/O or communication cards for more comprehensive monitoring and control applications.

  • Page 14: Ied User Interface Erface

    (hardware or software) error that affects the operation of the unit. The activation of the yellow "Start" LED and the red "Trip" LED are based on the setting the user has put in place in the software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 15: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): • Super user (***) • Configurator (**) • Operator (*) • User ( - ) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 16 In AQ-250 frame units unlocking and locking a user level generates a time-stamped event to the event log. NOTE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 17: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.06 5 Functions 5.1 Functions included in AQ-C255 The AQ-C255 capacitor bank protection IED includes the following functions as well as the number of stages for those functions. Table. 5.1 - 2. Protection functions of AQ-C255. Name (number...
  • Page 18 PGS (1) PGx>/< Programmable stage ARC (1) Iarc>/I0arc> 50Arc/50NArc Arc fault protection (optional) Table. 5.1 - 3. Control functions of AQ-C255. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (10 objects available) Indicator object monitoring (10 indicators available)

  • Page 19: Measurements

    Figure. 5.2.1 - 2. Current measurement terminology P P RI: RI: The primary current, i.e. the current which flows in the primary circuit and through the primary side of the current transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 20 Example of CT scaling The following figure presents how CTs are connected to the relay's measurement inputs. It also shows example CT ratings and nominal current of the load. Figure. 5.2.1 - 3. Connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 21 (in this case they are the set primary and secondary currents of the CT). If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 22 The ring core CT is connected to the CTM directly, which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings: the "I02 CT" settings are set according to the ring core CT's ratings (10/1 A). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 23 As the images above show, the scaling selection does not affect how primary and secondary currents are displayed (as actual values). The only effect is that the per-unit system in the relay is scaled either to the CT nominal or to the object nominal, making the settings input straightforward. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 24 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the relay. The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 25 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 26 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 27 "Scale measurement to In" setting. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary current's primary per-unit value. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the secondary current's secondary per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 28 The primary RMS current measurement from each of the phase current ILx 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 current channels. ("Pri.Pha.curr.ILx") Primary phase current ILx TRMS The primary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 ("Pha.curr.ILx measurement from each of the phase current channels. TRMS Pri") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 29 The secondary RMS current measurement from the residual current current I0x 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I01 or I02. ("Sec.Res.curr.I0x") Secondary The secondary RMS current measurement from the calculated current calculated I0 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 30 Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated negative 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence sequence current. curr") Secondary zero sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated zero current 0.00…300.00 0.01 sequence current. ("Sec.Zero sequence curr.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 31: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions (the protection function availability depends of the relay type). It is essential to understand the concept of voltage measurements to be able to get correct measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 32 VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 33 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the relay type. Figure. 5.2.2 - 15. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 34 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 35 The measurement mode is 3LN+U4 which means that the relay is measuring line-to-neutral voltages. The VT scaling has been set to 20 000 : 100 V. The U4 channel measures the zero sequence voltage which has the same ratio (20 000 : 100 V). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 36 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the relay. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 37 "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. U3 Res/SS VT The secondary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS VT. This 0.2…400V 0.1V 100.0V secondary setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 38 The following measurements are available in the measured voltage channels. Table. 5.2.2 - 24. Per-unit voltage measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Voltage Ux × U 0.00…500.0 0.01 The RMS voltage measurement (in p.u.) from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt p.u.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 39 Range Step Description Secondary positive sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated positive voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated negative voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 40 ("System volt UL2 mag") System voltage magnitude The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL3 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System volt UL3 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 41 System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary line-to-neutral angle UL3 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL3 ang") System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary zero sequence angle U0 (measured or calculated). ("System volt U0 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 42: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 43 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 44 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 5.2.3 - 34. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active 0: Disabled energy Enables/disables the active energy measurement. 1: Enabled Disabled measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 45 Clear pulse 0: - Resets the "DC 1…4 Pulses sent" counters back to 0: - counter 1: Clear zero. DC 1…4 0: Disabled Enables/disables the energy dose counter 1…4 0: Disabled enable 1: Enabled individually. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 46 Name Unit Range Step Description Lx Apparent power (S) 0.01 The apparent power of Phase Lx in kilo-volt-amperes -1x10 …1x10 Lx Active power (P) 0.01 The active power of Phase Lx in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 47 (P) (kVAh or MVAh) active energy is imported. 904.00 Table. 5.2.3 - 40. Single-phase energy calculations (L1...L3). Name Range Step Description Export Active Energy Lx (kWh or MWh) 0.01 The exported active energy of the phase. -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 48 1000 : 5 A. Voltages (line-to-neutral): Currents: = 40.825 V, 45.00° = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 61.481 V, -159.90° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 97.742 V, 126.21° = 2.5 A, 120.00° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 49 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 50: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 51 0: Use track 0: Use Defines the start of the sampling. Sampling can begin with Start sampling frequency track a previously tracked frequency, or with a user-set nominal with 1: Use nom frequency frequency. frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 52: Protection Functions

    5.3.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 53 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 54 Figure. 5.3.1 - 25. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 55 • Definite time operation (DT): activates the trip signal after a user-defined time delay regardless of the measured current as long as the current is above or below the X value and thus the pick-up element is active (independent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 56 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard defined characteristics. Delay curve 0: IEC 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 57 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 58 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 59 1: Yes reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 5.3.1 - 29. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 60 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.1 - 30. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 5.3.1 - 31. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 61: Capacitor Bank Module

    Capacitor banks are commonly used to improve the quality of the electrical supply and the efficient operation of the power system. The main purpose of the installation is to provide capacitive compensations and power factor corrections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 62 When the wye is earthed, it provides a low-impedance path to earth. An earthed, wye-connected capacitor bank has the following advantages: • A low-impedance path to earth provides inherent self-protection against lightning surge currents and give some protection against surge voltages. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 63 Unbalance protection should have a minimum intentional delay to minimize the amount of damage done to the bank in the event of external arcing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 64 Longer delays increase the probability of bank failures. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 65: Capacitor Bank Overload Protection (Icol>; 49Ol)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the capacitor bank overload function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 66 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 67 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, remaining 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 68 2: IDMT curve Imeas / Iset 1.00...40.00xIn 0.01xIn 1.00xIn Defines the first current point of the curve. point 1...10 Time point 0.005...3600.000s 0.01s 1.00s Defines the first time point of the curve. 1...10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 69 = 3.0…5.0, definite time step, the set 3.0 s is held until the I ratio meas meas reaches 5.0, and after that the time point = 4 is used with the time setting 0.1 s. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 70 Event block name Event names COL1 Start On COL1 Start OFF COL1 Trip ON COL1 Trip OFF COL1 Block ON COL1 Block OFF COL2 Start ON COL2 Start OFF COL2 Trip ON COL2 Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 71: Capacitor Bank Neutral Unbalance Protection (Cnu>; 50Ub)

    The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the ALARM START, ALARM, START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the capacitor bank neutral unbalance function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 72 2: Blocked Set mode of CNU block. CNU> (50UB) 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in LN mode 4: Test/ General menu. Blocked5: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 73 "Capacitor bank configuration" parameter is set to "1: Bank size differs". Definite operating Defines the definite time delay between the pick-up terms being met 0…1800.000s 0.005s 5.000s time delay and issuing an alarm signal. for alarm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 74 Time remaining When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards an 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s to Alarm alarm, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 75 This function supports definite time delay (DT) time characteristics for alarm and trip time counters. For detailed information on the programmable reset behavior of the function please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 76: Capacitor Bank Current Unbalance Protection (Iuc>; 46C)

    The capacitor bank current unbalance function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 77 2: Blocked Set mode of UCP block. IUC> LN 3: Test 0: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is mode 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 78 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 79 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 80 The ratio Start/ Start The ratio of the Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event Trip -20 between the Trip -200ms measurement & group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name measurement & the ms...1800s current current the trip setting active current alarm setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 81: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 82 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 83 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is behaviour 4: Test/Blocked enabled in General menu. 5: Off 0: Normal I> 1: Start Displays status of the protection function. condition 2: Trip 3: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 84 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 85 Trip ON NOC1 Trip OFF NOC1 Block ON NOC1 Block OFF NOC1 Phase A Start ON NOC1 Phase A Start OFF NOC1 Phase B Start ON NOC1 Phase B Start OFF NOC1 Phase C Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 86 NOC3 Phase A Start ON NOC3 Phase A Start OFF NOC3 Phase B Start ON NOC3 Phase B Start OFF NOC3 Phase C Start ON NOC3 Phase C Start OFF NOC3 Phase A Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 87 Pre-fault Trip time Date and time Event Fault type Used SG current current current remaining Start dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip Start/ Setting group L1-E…L1-L2-L3 -200ms 0 ms...1800s hh:mm:ss.mss name -20ms current Trip current 1...8 active current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 88: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 89 Table. 5.3.4 - 75. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description Setting control Disabled Activating this parameter permits changing the pick-up level of the protection stage from comm bus Disabled via SCADA. Allowed © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 90 Angle of I0 against reference. If phase voltages are available, positive sequence Detected 0.01 -360.00...360.00 deg voltage angle is used as reference. If voltages are not available, positive I0 angle sequence current angle is used as reference. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 91 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 92 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 93: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 94 Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3PP Peak-to-peak measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 95 Switches between directional and non-directional Directional Characteristic direction Directional overcurrent mode. Non-directional Operating sector size ±1.0…170.0° Pick-up area size in degrees. 0.1° ±88° (+ / -) Operating sector Turns the operating sector -180.0…180.0° 0.1° 0° center © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 96 If the 3LL mode is used without the U measurement in a single-phase fault situation, the voltage reference comes from the healthy phase and the current reference from the faulty phase. In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 97 Figure. 5.3.5 - 44. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. Figure. 5.3.5 - 45. When Idir> function has been set to "Non-directional" the function works basically just like a traditional non- directional overcurrent protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 98 The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay's testing mode "Enable stage forcing" is activated ( General → Device ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 99 Trip OFF DOC2 Block ON DOC2 Block OFF DOC2 No voltage, Blocking ON DOC2 Voltage measurable, Blocking OFF DOC2 Measuring live angle ON DOC2 Measuring live angle OFF DOC2 Using voltmem ON DOC2 Using voltmem OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 100 Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Fault type L1-E...L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms averages Trip time remaining 0s...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 101: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 102 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from a START or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 103 1…75%U 0.01%U 20%U Pick-up setting 1: Unearthed [32N Var] 2: Petersen coil GND [32N Watt] Grounding 3: Grounded Network grounding method type [67N] Unearthed 4: I0 & I0 broad range with MCD [32N Var/ Watt] © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 104 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. Unearthed network Figure. 5.3.6 - 47. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (unearthed network model) (32N) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 105 Arc faults die on their own, and cables and equipment suffer less damage. In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 106 The desired compensation grade is achieved when the K factor is close to 1.0 and the network is fully compensated. The network is overcompensated when the K factor is greater than 1.0, and undercompensated when the K factor is smaller than 1.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 107 In a directly earthed network the amplitude of a single-phase fault current is similar to the amplitude of a short-circuit current. Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 108 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 109 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 110 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 111 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF1 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF1 I0Sinfi Trip OFF DEF2 Start ON DEF2 Start OFF DEF2 Trip ON DEF2 Trip OFF DEF2 Block ON DEF2 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 112 DEF4 Block OFF DEF4 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF4 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF4 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF4 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF4 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF4 I0Sinfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 113: Intermittent Earth Fault Protection (I0Int>; 67Nt)

    When the capacitive earth fault current increases in the network, it becomes necessary to detect the earth fault current with a Petersen coil. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 114 Figure. 5.3.7 - 52. An intermittent earth fault in a medium size network tuned close to resonance, as seen by a faulty feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 115 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.7 - 53. An intermittent earth fault in a network tuned close to resonance, as seen by a healthy feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 116 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.7 - 54. An intermittent earth fault in an undercompensated medium size network, as seen by a faulty feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 117 Also, an intermittent earth fault protection function tripping before the residual voltage protection function results in a sufficient safety margin. However, since an intermittent earth fault causes significant network stress the protection trip should be performed as fast as possible. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 118 It is also important to check that the reset time settings are never set longer than the desired operating time delay setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 119 The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active and if the threshold of the admittance delta calculated by the input signal exceeds these settings: • I0 Detect spike > = set admittance delta threshold • U0 Detect spike > = set admittance delta threshold. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 120 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 121 Start REV ON IEF1 Start REV OFF IEF1 Trip ON IEF1 Trip OFF IEF1 Block ON IEF1 Block OFF IEF1 Intermittent EF detected ON IEF1 Intermittent EF detected OFF IEF1 Normal earthfault detected IEF1 Intermittent EF Locked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 122: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 123 Phase L3 (C) measured RMS current 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 124 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 125 Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: • t = Operating time • I = Calculated negative sequence 2meas • k = Constant k value (user settable delay multiplier) • I = Pick-up setting of the function © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 126 The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.8 - 106. Event messages. Event block name Event names CUB1 Start ON CUB1 Start OFF CUB1 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 127: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    The non-directional harmonic overcurrent function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 128 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 129 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 130 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 131 Set mode of HOC block. Blocked Ih> LN mode 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in 4: Test/ General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 132 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 133 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 134 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 135: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counters for RETRIP, CBFP, CBFP START and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker failure protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 136 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 137 ("DO"), or a combination signals only of the three. 7: Signals and DO 8: Signals or 9: Current or DO or signals 10: Current and DO and Signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 138 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 139 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the starting condition CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 140 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incomer breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 141 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 142 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 143 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 144 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 145 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 146 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 147 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 148 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 5.3.10 - 68. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 149 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.10 - 121. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF CBF1 Retrip ON CBF1 Retrip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 150: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    The function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operating mode of the function can be changed via setting group selection. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 151 RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 IL1Ang Angle of phase L1 (A) current IL2 Ang Angle of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 152 Setting for basic sensitivity of the differential characteristics. (of I Turnpoint 0.01…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.00×I Setting for first turn point in the bias axe of the differential characteristics. Slope 1 0.01…150.00% 0.01% 10.00% Setting for the first slope of the differential characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 153 The equations for the differential characteristics are the following: Figure. 5.3.11 - 72. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). Figure. 5.3.11 - 73. Bias current (the calculation is based on the user-selected mode). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 154 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. The following figures present some typical applications for this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 155 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 156 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 157 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 158 TRIP-activated and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 159: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 160 0: P-P Measured Selection of phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages. Additionally, the U3 or voltages voltages magnitude U4 input can be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. 2: U3 input (2LL-U3SS) 3: U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 161 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.12 - 80. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.12 - 81. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 162 Table. 5.3.12 - 132. Pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default 0: 1 voltage Operation mode Pick-up criteria selection 1: 2 voltages 0: 1 voltage 2: 3 voltages 50.00…150.00%U 0.01%U 105%U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 163 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 164 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected delay type. IDMT 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 165 Table. 5.3.12 - 136. Event messages. Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 166: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    (DT) mode and inverse definite minimum time (IDMT). The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal checks (undervoltage block or stage external signal) • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 167 Table. 5.3.13 - 138. Measurement inputs of the U< function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 168 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.13 - 84. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.13 - 85. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 169 Name Description Range Step Default 0.00…120.00%U 0.01%U 60%U Pick-up setting U Block Block setting. If set to zero, blocking is not in use. The operation is 0.00…100.00%U 0.01%U 10%U setting explained in the next chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 170 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 171 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 172 2: Yes element is reset. release time The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 173 Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 174: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    100/√3 V = 57.74 V. Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 5.3.14 - 88. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 175 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 176 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 177 Primary voltage required for tripping. The displayed pick-up voltage level U0> Pick- 0.0...1 000 000.0V 0.1V depends on the chosen U0 measurement input selection, on the pick-up up setting settings and on the voltage transformer settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 178 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 179 In the release delay option the operating time counter calculates the operating time during the release. When using this option the function does not trip if the input signal is not re-activated while the release time count is on-going. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 180 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 181: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 5.3.15 - 92. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 182 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 5.3.15 - 95. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 183 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the sequence voltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 184 Set mode of VUB block. 2: Blocked U1/2 >/< LN 3: Test 0: On mode This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 185 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. Figure. 5.3.15 - 99. Example of the block setting operation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 186 There are three basic operating modes available for the function: • Instant operation: gives the TRIP signal with no additional time delay simultaneously with the START signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 187 2: Yes release 2: Yes element is not activated during this time. When disabled, the operating time time counter is reset directly after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 188 Trip OFF VUB2 Block ON VUB2 Block OFF VUB3 Start ON VUB3 Start OFF VUB3 Trip ON VUB3 Trip OFF VUB3 Block ON VUB3 Block OFF VUB4 Start ON VUB4 Start OFF VUB4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 189: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 190 The frequency protection function compares the measured frequency to the pick-up setting (given in Hz). The source of the measured frequency depends on the user-defined tracking reference which can be chosen from the Frequency tab of the Measurement menu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 191 0: No 0: No f< used in setting group group. 1: Yes f<< used in setting group f<<< used in setting group f<<<< used in setting group fset> fset>> Pick-up setting 10.00…80.00Hz 0.01Hz 51Hz fset>>> fset>>>> © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 192 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 193 Start OFF FRQV1 f>>>> Trip ON FRQV1 f>>>> Trip OFF FRQV1 f< Start ON FRQV1 f< Start OFF FRQV1 f< Trip ON FRQV1 f< Trip OFF FRQV1 f<< Start ON FRQV1 f<< Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 194: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    One of the most common causes for the frequency to deviate from its nominal value is an unbalance between the generated power and the load demand. If the unbalance is big the frequency changes rapidly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 195 The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 196 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 197 This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on this delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 198 START, TRIP and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 199 DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Trip ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Trip OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (1) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (1) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (2) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (2) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 200: Overpower Protection (P>; 32O)

    Figure. 5.3.18 - 104. Operating characteristics of overpower protection. The overpower function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 201 The function block uses three-phase active power values. A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. If the protection relay has more than one CT module, the Measured side parameter determines which current measurement is used for the power measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 202 General menu. 5: Off 0: Normal 1: Start P> condition Displays the status of the protection function. 2: Trip 3: Blocked Expected operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 203 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.18 - 178. Event messages. Event block name Event names OPW1 Start ON OPW1 Start OFF OPW1 Trip ON OPW1 Trip OFF OPW1 Block ON OPW1 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 204: Underpower Protection (P<; 32U)

    • threshold comparator • two block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 205 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 206 1: On Displays the mode of UPW block. 2: Blocked P< LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 207 ON, OFF, or both. The function offers one (1) independent stage. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.19 - 184. Event messages. Event block name Event names UPW1 Start ON UPW1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 208: Reverse Power Protection (Pr; 32R)

    The reverse power function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 209 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 210 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 211: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    5.3.21 Power protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32) The power protection function is for instant and time-delayed, three-phase overpower or underpower protection (active, reactive, or apparent). The user can select the operating mode with parameter settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 212 (3) output signals. In the instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 213 2: Blocked Set mode of PWR block. PQS>/< LN 3: Test 0: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is mode 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 214 Measurement -1800.000...1800.000MVA 0.001MVA Measured active, reactive or apparent power at the moment. Meas/Set at -1250.00...1250.00p.u. 0.01p.u. Ratio between the measured power and pick-up setting. the moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 215 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.21 - 196. Event messages. Event block name Event names PWR1 Start ON PWR1 Start OFF PWR1 Trip ON PWR1 Trip OFF PWR1 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 216: Non-Directional Undercurrent Protection (I<; 37)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. In the time-delayed mode the operation can be set to operate on definite time (DT) delay. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 217 -20 ms from a START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 218 4: Test/Blocked in General menu. 5: Off 0: Normal 1: Start I< condition Displays status of the protection function. 2: Trip 3: Blocked Expected operating 0.000...1800.000s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 219 Prefault Trip time Date and time Event Fault type Used SG current current current remaining Start/ Start dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip Setting group L1-G…L1-L2-L3 Trip -20ms -200ms 0 ms...1800s hh:mm:ss.mss name current 1...8 active current current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 220: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 221 The ambient temperature compensation takes into account the set minimum and maximum temperatures and the load capacity of the protected object as well as the measured or set ambient temperature. The calculated coefficient is a linear correction factor, as the following formula shows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 222 1.00 for the thermal replica. A settable thermal capacity curve uses the linear interpolation for ambient temperature correction with a maximum of ten (10) pairs of temperature–correction factor pairs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 223 The temperature coefficient may be informed in a similar manner to the figure above in a datasheet provided by the manufacturer. Figure. 5.3.23 - 117. Settings of the function's ambient temperature coefficient curve. The temperature and correction factor pairs are set to the function's settable curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 224 For example, cable data may be presented as in the figures below (an example from a Prysmian Group cable datasheet) which show the cable's temperature characteristics and voltage ratings (1st image) with different installations and copper or aluminum conductors (2nd and 3rd image). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 225 The following figure is an example of these general presumption as presented in a Prysmian Group cable datasheet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 226 If the installation conditions vary from the presumed conditions manufacturers may give additional information on how to correct the the current-carrying capacity to match the changed conditions. Below is an example of the correction factors provided a manufacturer (Prysmian) for correcting the current-carrying capacity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 227 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.3.23 - 121. Example of correction factors for the current-carrying capacity as given by a manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 228 The rest of the settings are in the initial data text above: • I = 680 A • T = 90 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • k = 1.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 229 τ. This uses approximately 71 % of the thermal capacity. According to the datasheet, this current should set the temperature around 65 ̊ C ; therefore, the model overprotects by three degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 230 90 ̊ C . The reference temperature for ground installation is 15 ̊ C . The cable's thermal time constant is 183.8 min. From this initial data one can calculate the k correction factor according to the following formula (k factor related information in italics): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 231 If the k had not been set, the thermal image would show a temperature of appr. 68 ̊ C instead of the real temperature of 96 ̊ C . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 232 = calculated effective nominal current • k = the service factor • k = the ambient temperature factor • I = the nominal current of the protected device Calcula Calculat t ed end hea ed end heating: ting: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 233 The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • thermal replica • block signal check • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 234 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in mode 4: Test/ General menu. Blocked 5: Off Disabled The selection of the function is activated or disabled in the configuration. By default it is TF> mode Disabled not in use. Activated © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 235 "Manual set" is selected for the "Ambient temp. sel." setting. RTD amb. The RTD ambient temperature reading for the thermal image biasing. temp. 0…500deg 1deg 15deg This setting is visible if "RTD" is selected for the "Ambient temp. sel." read. setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 236 Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 1 signal and the I/O. 1: Enabled Alarm 1 TF> Alarm 1 0.0…150.0% 0.1% ALARM 1 activation threshold. level Enable 0: Disabled TF> Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 2 signal and the I/O. 1: Enabled Alarm 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 237 2: Blocked Displays the mode of TOLF block. TF> LN 3: Test behaviour 4: Test/ This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 238 - TF> T est. with act. curr.: estimation of the used thermal capacity including the current at a given moment - TF> T at a given moment: the thermal capacity used at that moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 239 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 240: Resistance Temperature Detectors

    (2) separate alarms from one selected input. The user can set alarms and measurements to be either in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. The following figure shows the principal structure of the resistance temperature detection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 241 There are sixteen (16) available sensor inputs in the function. An active alarm requires a valid channel measurement. It can be invalid if communication is not working or if a sensor is broken. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 242 Enables/disables the selection of Alarm 2 for the 0: Disable 1: Enable measurement channel x. 0: > Selects whether the measurement is above or S1...S16 Alarm2 >/< 0: > 1: < below the setting value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 243 S4 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S5 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S5 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S5 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S5 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S6 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S6 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S6 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S6 Alarm2 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 244 S14 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S14 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S14 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S15 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S15 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S15 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S15 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S16 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S16 Alarm1 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 245 S12 Meas Invalid RTD2 S13 Meas Ok RTD2 S13 Meas Invalid RTD2 S14 Meas Ok RTD2 S14 Meas Invalid RTD2 S15 Meas Ok RTD2 S15 Meas Invalid RTD2 S16 Meas Ok RTD2 S16 Meas Invalid © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 246: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 247 26 output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the TRIP and BLOCKED events for each zone. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 248 AQ-100 series units. The parameter I/I0 Arc> Self supervision test pulse should be activated when connecting the AQ-100 series units to the AQ-200 series arc protection card to prevent the pulses from activating ArcBI1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 249 If either phase overcurrent or residual overcurrent is needed for the tripping decision, they can be enabled in the same way as light sensors in the zone. When a current channel is enabled, the measured current needs to be above the set current limit in addition to light sensing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 250 Table. 5.3.25 - 219. Enabled Zone pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default Phase 0.05...40.00 0.01 current The phase current measurement's pick-up value (in p.u.). 1.2 x I pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 251 HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. Table. 5.3.25 - 220. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Description © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 252 START, TRIP, and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 253 ARC1 Channel 2 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 2 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 3 Light ON ARC1 Channel 3 Light OFF ARC1 Channel 3 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 3 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 4 Light ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 254: Programmable Stage (Pgx>/<; 99)

    (10) depending on how many the application needs. In the image below, the number of programmable stages have been set to two which makes PS1 and PS2 to appear. Inactive stages are hidden until they are activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 255 2: Blocked Displays the mode of PGS block. PSx >/< LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is behaviour 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 256 Divides Signal 1 by Signal 2. The comparison uses the product of this calculation. 2: Max (Mag1, The bigger value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. Mag2) 3: Min (Mag1, The smaller value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. Mag2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 257 2: Min (Mag1, Mag2, Mag3) The smallest value of the chosen signals is used in the comparison. 3: Mag1 OR Mag2 OR Mag3 Any of the signals fulfills the pick-up condition. Each signal has their own pick-up setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 258 Signal 1 or Signal 2 as well as Signal 3 fulfill the pick-up condition. The settings for different comparisons are in the setting groups. This means that each signal parameter can be changed by changing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 259 (in p.u.) IL1 7 IL1 7 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 9 IL1 9 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 11 IL1 11 harmonic value (in p.u.) IL1 13 IL1 13 harmonic value (in p.u.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 260 Description I01 ff (p.u.) I01 Fundamental frequency RMS value (in p.u.) I01 2 I01 2 harmonic value (in p.u.) I01 3 I01 3 harmonic value (in p.u.) I01 4 I01 4 harmonic value (in p.u.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 261 Positive sequence current value (in p.u.) I2 Mag Negative sequence current value (in p.u.) IL1 Ang IL1 angle of current IL2 Ang IL2 angle of current IL3 Ang IL3 angle of current I01 Ang I01 angle of current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 262 Positive sequence voltage U2 neg.seq.V Mag Negative sequence voltage U0CalcAng Calculated residual voltage angle U1 pos.seq.V Ang Positive sequence voltage angle U2 neg.seq.V Ang Negative sequence voltage angle P P o o w w ers © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 263 Reactance X L23 secondary (Ω) RL31Sec Resistance R L31 secondary (Ω) XL31Sec Reactance X L31 secondary (Ω) Z12Pri Impedance Z L12 primary (Ω) Z23Pri Impedance Z L23 primary (Ω) Z31Pri Impedance Z L31 primary (Ω) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 264 ZSeqSec Positive Impedance Z secondary (Ω) ZSeqAngle Positive Impedance Z angle GL1Pri Conductance G L1 primary (mS) BL1Pri Susceptance B L1 primary (mS) GL2Pri Conductance G L2 primary (mS) BL2Pri Susceptance B L2 primary (mS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 265 Transformer thermal temperature RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16 Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM) mA input 7,8,15,16 mA input channels 7, 8, 15, 16 ASC 1…4 Analog scaled curves 1…4 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 266 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 267 PGS1 PS4 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS5 >/< Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 268 PGS1 PS9 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS10 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS10 >/< Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 269: Voltage Memory

    2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. Figure. 5.3.27 - 131. Distance protection characteristics and directional overcurrent. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 270 Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 271 For example, let us say a 500 A current is measured on the primary side while the fixed frequency is set to 50 Hz. This results in the frequency dropping to 46 Hz, while the actual current measurement would be 460 A. Therefore, the system would have an error of 40 A. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 272: Control Functions

    The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 273 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 5.4.1 - 135. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 274 The selection of Setting group 1 ("SG1"). Has the highest priority input in setting group active 0: Not group control. Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, active no other SG requests will be processed. Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 275 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 276 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 277 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 5.4.1 - 137. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 278 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 279 The function does not have a register. Table. 5.4.1 - 231. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2 Enabled SG2 Disabled SG3 Enabled SG3 Disabled SG4 Enabled SG4 Disabled SG5 Enabled SG5 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 280 Force Request Fail Force ON Force Request Fail Force OFF SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request ON SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request OFF SG1 Active ON SG1 Active OFF SG2 Active ON SG2 Active OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 281: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Object status 1: Open neither of the status conditions (open or close) are active. Bad status is displayed ("Ind.X Object 2: Closed when both of the status conditions (open and close) are active. Status") 3: Bad © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 282 CIN1 Close CIN1 CIN2 Intermediate CIN2 Open CIN2 Close CIN2 CIN3 Intermediate CIN3 Open CIN3 Close CIN3 CIN4 Intermediate CIN4 Open CIN4 Close CIN4 CIN5 Intermediate CIN5 Open CIN5 Close CIN5 CIN6 Intermediate CIN6 Open © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 283: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    The cold load pick-up function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 284 IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current The pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from CLPU ACT event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 285 If the CLPU ACT function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and processes the release time characteristics similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 286 Additionally, this parameter operates as the "reclaim" time for the function in case the inrush current is not immediately initiated in the start-up sequence. The six examples below showcase some typical cases with the cold load pick-up function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 287 . This is high when the start-up condition is considered to be over. The cold load pick-up signal can be prolonged beyond this time by setting the T to a value higher than 0.000 s. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 288 If the user wants the function to activate within a shorter period of time, the T parameter can be se to a lower value. If the user wants no delay, the T can be zero seconds and the operation will be immediate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 289 I setting, a high counter starts counting towards the T time. The measured current exceeds the I setting during over the start-up situation and causes the cold load pick-up signal to be released immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 290 When the current exceeds the I setting, a timer high starts counting towards the T time. The measured current stays above the I setting until the high is reached, which causes the release of the cold load pick-up signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 291 The current stays between the I setting and the I high setting, so the cold load pick-up signal is active for T time. As no inrush current is detected during that time, the signal is released. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 292 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.4.3 - 239. Event messages. Event block name Event names CLP1 LowStart ON CLP1 LowStart OFF CLP1 HighStart ON CLP1 HighStart OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 293: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    The outputs of the function are BLOCKED, ACTIVE and TRIP signals. Additionally, the function outputs the corresponding events and registers when any of these mentioned signals activate. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the switch-on-to-fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 294 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off Release time 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 1.000s The time the function is active after triggering. for SOTF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 295 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON process data of ACTIVATED events. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 296: Milliampere Output Control

    4 Enable mA output channels 5 and 6 mA option Enables and disables the outputs of the mA output Disabled card 2 Disabled card 2. Enable mA output channels 7 1: Enabled and 8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 297 The mA output value when the measured value is equal output 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA 0mA to or greater than Input value 2. value 2 Figure. 5.4.5 - 149. Example of the effects of mA output channel settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 298: Programmable Control Switch

    These settings can be accessed at Control → Device I/O → Programmable control switch . Table. 5.4.6 - 250. Settings. Name Range Default Description The user-settable name of the selected switch. The name can be up to Switch name Switchx 32 characters long. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 299: Instruction Manual

    Range Step Default Description Analog input 0: Disabled Enables and disables the input. scaling 1: Activated Disabled 0: Disabled Enables and disables the scaling curve and the input Scaling curve 1...4 1: Activated Disabled measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 300 The Nyquist rate states that the filter time constant must be at least double the period time of the disturbance process signal. For example, the value for the filter time constant is 2 seconds for a 1 second period time of a disturbance oscillation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 301 1 0: Not 0: Not Allows the user to create their own curve with up to twenty (20) curve curvepoint used used points, instead of using a linear curve between two points. 3...20 1: Used © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 302: Logical Outputs

    SCADA system (IEC 61850, Modbus, IEC 101, etc.). Logical inputs are volatile signals: their status will always return to "0" when the AQ-200 device is rebooted. 64 logical inputs are available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 303 Table. 5.4.9 - 255. Logical input user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 Logical Description of the logical input. This description is used in several menu description LIx characters input x types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 304: Monitoring Functions

    • At least one of the three-phase currents are below the I low limit setting. • The ratio between the calculated minum and maximum of the three-phase currents is below the I ratio setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 305 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CTS ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 306 Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 307 The reset ratio of 97 % and 103% are built into the function and is always relative to the value. The setting value is common for all measured amplitudes, and when the I exceeds the value (in single, dual or all currents) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 308 -360.00...360.00 0.01 Displays the natural unbalance of angle after compensating it Natural unbalance ang with Compensate natural unbalance parameter. Measured current 0.01 0.00...50.00 xIn Current difference between summed phases and residual current. difference Isum, I0 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 309 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 310 Figure. 5.5.1 - 156. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 311 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 312 Figure. 5.5.1 - 160. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 313 Figure. 5.5.1 - 162. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 314 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 315: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM BUS, ALARM LINE and BLOCKED events. Figure. 5.5.2 - 164. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 316 RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U Positive sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage Zero sequence voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 317 The voltage transformer supervision can also report several different states of the measured voltage. These can be seen in the function's INFO tab in the relay's HMI or in AQtivate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 318 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 319 Event 1: Voltage OK 2: Bus live, VTS Setting group 0.00...360.00deg alarm hh:mm:ss.mss name 2: Low OK, Seq. reversed 1...8 active voltage 3: Bus live, VTS 0...1800s OK, Seq. undefined 4: Bus live, VTS fault © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 320: Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    • threshold comparator • block signal chec • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 321 The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter (common for all measurement channels). General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 322 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 323 Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual current 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay I01's measured THD. I02 THD alarm Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual current 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay I02's measured THD. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 324: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    The maximum sample rate of the recorder's analog channels is 64 samples per cycle. The recorder also supports 95 digital channels simultaneously with the twenty (20) measured analog channels. Maximum capacity of recordings is 100. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 325 Voltage measurement module voltage supply supervision (VT card 2) Phase current I (CT card 3) IL1''' IL2''' Phase current I (CT card 3) Phase current I (CT card 3) IL3''' Residual current I coarse* (CT card 3) I01'''c © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 326 Pha.Lx pow. THD Phase Lx power THD (L1, L2, L3) calc.I0 Calculated I0 Res.I0x ampl. THD Residual I0x amplitude THD (I01, I02) calc.I0 Pha.angle Calculated I0 phase angle Res.I0x pow. THD Residual I0x power THD (I01, I02) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 327 Current Pri. (IL1, IL2, IL3) Current Sec. (I01, I02) ILx Reactive Primary reactive current ILx I0x Residual Reactive Secondary residual reactive current I0x Current Pri. (IL1, IL2, IL3) Current Sec. (I01, I02) Power, GYB, frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 328 Internal Relay Fault active front panel are pressed. is active. buttons Status (Protection, control and (see the individual function description for PushButton x Status of Push Button 1...12 is ON monitoring event signals) the specific outputs) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 329 Manual 0: - Triggers disturbance recording manually. This parameter will return 0: - trigger 1: Trig back to "-" automatically. Clear all 0: - 0: - Clears all disturbance recordings. records 1: Clear © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 330 Sets the recording length before the trigger. time 0…8 freely Selects the analog channel for recording. Please see the list of all Analog recording selectable available analog channels in the section titled "Analog and digital CH1...CH20 channels recording channels". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 331 For example, let us say the nominal frequency is 50 Hz, the selected sample rate is 64 s/c, nine (9) analog channels and two (2) digital channels record. The calculation is as follows: Therefore, the maximum recording length in our example is approximately 496 seconds. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 332 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 333 Once clicked, the "Add graph" pop-up window appears (see the image below on the right). In the example the line-to-neutral voltages UL1, UL2 and UL3 are selected and moved to the window on the right. Confirm the selection by clicking the "OK" button. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 334 (manually or by dedicated signals). Events cannot be masked off. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 335: Measurement Recorder

    Recorder triggered ON Recorder triggered OFF Recorder memory cleared Oldest record cleared Recorder memory full ON Recorder memory full OFF Recording ON Recording OFF Storing recording ON Storing recording OFF Newest record cleared 5.5.5 Measurement recorder © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 336 Pha.angle I”L1 L1 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.kvarh Pri.Res.Curr.I01 Pha.angle I”L2 L2 Exp.Active Energy MWh Pri.Res.Curr.I02 Pha.angle I”L3 L2 Exp.Active Energy kWh Pri.Calc.I0 Res.Curr.angle I”01 L2 Imp.Active Energy MWh Pha.Curr.IL1 TRMS Pri Res.Curr.angle I”02 L2 Imp.Active Energy kWh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 337 Imp.Active Energy MWh Pha.L1 ampl. THD Pos.Seq.Volt. p.u. Imp.Active Energy kWh Pha.L2 ampl. THD Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 338 Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L1 System Volt U0 ang S7 Measurement Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L2 System Volt U1 ang S8 Measurement Sec.Pha.Curr.I”L3 System Volt U2 ang S9 Measurement Sec.Res.Curr.I”01 System Volt U3 ang S10 Measurement Sec.Res.Curr.I”02 System Volt U4 ang S11 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 339 Res.I”01 pow. THD L1 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Curve4 Output Res.I”02 ampl. THD L1 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Control mode Res.I”02 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Motor status P-P Curr.I”L1 L1 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Active setting group P-P Curr.I”L2 L1 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh L1 Exp.React.Ind.E.kvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 340: Measurement Value Recorder

    The angles of each measured current. I1Ang, I2Ang V V olta oltages Descrip Description tion UL1Mag, UL2Mag, UL3Mag, UL12Mag, UL23Mag, UL31Mag The magnitudes of phase voltages, of phase-to-phase voltages, and of residual voltages. U0Mag, U0CalcMag © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 341 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 342 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G 3: A-B Overcurrent fault type The overcurrent fault type. 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 343 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. Table. 5.5.6 - 285. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 344: Sy Y St Stem Int 6 S Em Integra Egration Tion

    • Write multiple holding registers (function code 16) • Read/Write multiple registers (function code 23) The following data can be accessed using both Modbus/TCP and Modbus/RTU: • Device measurements • Device I/O • Commands • Events • Time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 345: Modbus I/O

    Defines the Modbus unit address for the selected I/O Module (A, B, or C). If this setting 0…247 address is set to "0", the selected module is not in use. Module x 0: ADAM-4018+ Selects the module type. type 1: ADAM-4015 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 346: Iec 61850

    AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: • Up to six data sets (predefined data sets can be edited with the IEC 61850 tool in AQtivate) •...

  • Page 347: Goose

    → AQ-200 series → Resources). 6.1.5 GOOSE Arcteq relays support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.

  • Page 348: Iec 103

    (slave) station. The IEC 103 protocol can be selected for the serial ports that are available in the device. A primary (master) station can then communicate with the Arcteq device and receive information by polling from the slave device. The transfer of disturbance recordings is not supported.

  • Page 349: Dnp3

    Selects the variation of the double point signal. 1: Var 2 0: Var 1 1: Var 2 Group 20 variation (CNTR) 0: Var 1 Selects the variation of the control signal. 2: Var 5 3: Var 6 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 350 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 351: Iec 101/104

    The measurement scaling coefficients are available for the following measurements, in addition to the general measurement scaling coefficient: • Active energy • Reactive energy • Active power • Reactive power • Apparent power • Power factor • Frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 352 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 353: Spa

    With the Real-time signals to communication menu the user can report to SCADA measurements that are not normally available in the communication protocols mapping. Up to eight (8) magnitudes can be selected. The recorded value can be either a per-unit value or a primary value (set by the user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 354 Cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL2 cosfiL3 Impedances and admittances RL12, RL23, RL31 XL12, XL23, XL31 RL1, RL2, RL3 XL1, XL2, XL3 Phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral resistances, reactances and impedances. Z12, Z23, Z31 ZL1, ZL2, ZL3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 355 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - 000.000 The unit depends on the selected magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per-unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 356: Connections Of Aq-C255

    A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 7 Connections and application examples 7.1 Connections of AQ-C255 Figure. 7.1 - 172. The AQ-C255 variant without add-on modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 357: Application Example And Its Connections

    A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 7.1 - 173. AQ-C255 function block diagram. 7.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the capacitor bank protection IED. © Arcteq Relays Ltd...

  • Page 358: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series IED with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 359: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 360 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 361 There is one main difference between non-latched and latched control in trip circuit supervision: when using the latched control, the trip circuit (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the IED's trip output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 362 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 363 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 7.4 - 180. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 364: Construction And Installa

    The images below present the modules of both the non-optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA) and a partially optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-BBBBBCAAAA BBBBBCAAAAJ J ). Figure. 8.1 - 181. Modular construction of AQ-X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 365 In field upgrades, therefore, the add-on module must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 366 "OUT11", "OUT12", "OUT13", "OUT14" and "OUT15" to this slot. If the scan finds the arc protection module, it reserves the sensor channels ("S1", "S2", "S3", "S4"), the high-speed outputs ("HSO1", "HSO2"), and the digital input channel ("ArcBI") to this slot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 367: Cpu Module

    = DATA +, Pin 2 = DATA –, Pin 3 = GND, Pins 4 & 5 = Terminator resistor enabled by shorting. X1-1 Digital input 1, nominal threshold voltage 24 V, 110 V or 220 V. X1-2 Digital input 2, nominal threshold voltage 24 V, 110 V or 220 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 368 Defines the delay for the status change from 1 to 0. time 0: Disabled Selects whether or not a 30-ms deactivation delay is added to DIx AC mode 1: Enabled Disabled account for alternating current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 369: Current Measurement Module

    1 A and 5 A, which provide ±0.5 % inaccuracy when the range is 0.005…4 × I The measurement ranges are as follows: • Phase currents 25 mA…250 A (RMS) • Coarse residual current 5 mA…150 A (RMS) • Fine residual current 1 mA…75 A (RMS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 370: Voltage Measurement Module

    • The quantization of the measurement signal is applied with 18-bit AD converters, and the sample rate of the signal is 64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 371: Digital Input Module (Optional)

    For the naming convention of the digital inputs provided by this module please refer to the chapter titled "Construction and installation". For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital input module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 372 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 373 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 8.5 - 308. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 374: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    Table. 8.6 - 309. Digital output user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 Description of the digital output. This description is used in several menu OUTx description OUTx characters types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 375: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    The rated voltage of the binary input is 24 VDC. The threshold picks up at ≥16 VDC. The binary input can be used for external light information or for similar applications. It can also be used as a part of various ARC schemes. Please note that the binary input's delay is 5…10ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 376: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 377: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    Description • Serial-based communications • Wavelength 660 nm Serial fiber (GG/ • Compatible with 50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 100/140 μm, and COM E PP/GP/PG) 200 μm Plastic-Clad Silica (PCS) fiber • Compatible with ST connectors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 378: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/plastic option, COM F is an RS-232 interface. 8.10 LC or RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 8.10 - 194. LC and RJ45 100 Mbps Ethernet module connectors. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 379: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    Two-pin connector • Duplex ST connectors • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber • Transmitter wavelength: 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm) ST connectors • Receiver wavelength: 1100…1600 nm • 100BASE-FX • Up to 2 km © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 380 The images below present two example configurations: the first displays a ring configuration (note how the third party devices are connected in a separate ring), while the second displays a multidrop configuration. Figure. 8.11 - 196. Example of a ring configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 381: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    Figure. 8.11 - 197. Example of a multidrop configuration. 8.12 Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module (optional) Figure. 8.12 - 198. Double RJ-45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Connector Description • IRIG-B input Two-pin connector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 382: Milliampere (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". Figure. 8.12 - 199. Example of a multidrop configuration. 8.13 Milliampere (mA) I/O module (optional) Figure. 8.13 - 200. Milliampere (mA) I/O module connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 383: Dimensions And Installation

    (½) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of two devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 8.14 - 201. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 384 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 8.14 - 202. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 385 A A Q Q -C255 -C255 Instruction manual Version: 2.06 Figure. 8.14 - 203. Panel cut-out and spacing of the IED. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 386: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    From 6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current Current measurement range 5 mA…150 A (RMS) 0.002…10.000 × I < ±0.5 % or < ±3 mA Current measurement inaccuracy 10…150 × I < ±0.5 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 387: Voltage Measurement

    4 independent VT inputs (U1, U2, U3 and U4) Measurement Sample rate 64 samples per cycle in frequency range 6...75Hz Voltage measuring range 0.50…480.00 V (RMS) 1…2 V ±1.5 % Voltage measurement inaccuracy 2…10 V ±0.5 % 10…480 V ±0.35 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 388: Power And Energy Measurement

    Inaccuracy 10 mHz 9.1.2 CPU & Power supply 9.1.2.1 Auxiliary voltage Table. 9.1.2.1 - 315. Power supply model A Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 85…265 V (AC/DC) < 20 W Power consumption < 40 W © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 389: Cpu Communication Ports

    Data transfer rate 100 MB System integration Cannot be used for system protocols, only for local programming Table. 9.1.2.2 - 318. Rear panel system communication port A. Port Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 390: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Settings Pick-up delay Software settable: 0…1800 s Polarity Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Current drain 2 mA Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 391: Cpu Digital Outputs

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm 9.1.3 Option cards 9.1.3.1 Digital input module Table. 9.1.3.1 - 323. Technical data for the digital input module. Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 5…265 V (AC/DC) Current drain 2 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 392: Digital Output Module

    8, 25 or 50 kLx (the sensor is selectable in the order code) Point sensor detection radius 180 degrees Typically <5 ms with dedicated semiconductor outputs (HSO) Start and instant operating time (light only) Typically <10 ms regular output relays © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 393: Milliampere Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    Table. 9.1.3.4 - 328. Technical data for the milliampere module. Signals Output magnitudes 4 × mA output signal (DC) Input magnitudes 1 × mA input signal (DC) mA input Range (hardware) 0...33 mA Range (measurement) 0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 394: Rtd Input Module

    Table. 9.1.3.7 - 331. Technical data for the double LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module. Protocols Protocols HSR and PRP Ports Quantity of fiber ports LC fiber connector Communication port C & D Wavelength 1300 nm Fiber cable 50/125 μm or 62.5/125 μm multimode (glass) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 395: Display

    ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio = 2 Typically 25 ms ratio = 5 Typically 16 ms ratio = 10 Typically 12 ms Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 396: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    <55 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 397: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    = 1.05…3 <50 ms Reset Reset ratio: - Current 97 % of the pick-up current setting - U1/I1 angle 2.0° Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 398: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: ±1.5 % or ±25 ms - IDMT operating time ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 399: Intermittent Earth Fault Protection (I0Int>; 67Nt)

    9.2.1.6 Negative sequence overcurrent/ phase current reversal/ current unbalance protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L) Table. 9.2.1.6 - 338. Technical data for the current unbalance function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 400: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    , setting step 0.01 × I (× I Pick-up setting 5.00…200.00 %, setting step 0.01 % (Ih/IL) Inaccuracy: <0.03 × I - Starting × I - Starting × Ih/IL <0.03 × I tolerance to Ih (2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 401: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    Digital input status, digital output status, logical signals Pick-up current setting: 0.10…40.00 × I , setting step 0.01 × I - IL1…IL3 - I01, I02, I0Calc 0.005…40.00 × I , setting step 0.005 × I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 402: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    No hysteresis Reset time <40 ms 9.2.1.10 Overvoltage protection (U>; 59) Table. 9.2.1.10 - 342. Technical data for the overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 403: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    - Voltage Low voltage block Pick-up setting 0.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 404: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    A IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±1.5 % or ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 405: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    Reset ratio 97 or 103 % of the pick-up voltage setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±35 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 406: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    Sampling mode Tracking Frequency reference 1 CT1IL1, CT2IL1, VT1U1, VT2U1 Frequency reference 2 CT1IL2, CT2IL2, VT1U2, VT2U2 Frequency reference 3 CT1IL3, CT2IL3, VT1U3, VT2U3 Pick-up df/dt >/< pick-up setting 0.15…1.00 Hz/s, setting step 0.01 Hz © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 407: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    - Trip delay 0.000…3600.000 s, step 0.005 s - Restart inhibit 0…150 %, step 1 % Inaccuracy - Starting ±0.5 % of the set pick-up value - Operating time ±5 % or ± 500 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 408: Overpower (P>; 32O), Underpower (P<; 32U) And Reverse Power (Pr; 32R) Protection

    Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Three-phase active, reactive or apparent power (P, Q or S) value based on the chosen or Calculated measurements set nominal amplitude. Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 409: Non-Directional Undercurrent Protection (I<; 37)

    - Definite time (I ratio 0.95) ±1.0 % or ±30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio <0.95 <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 103 % of the pick-up current setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 410: Resistance Temperature Detectors

    Typically 14 ms (10…18 ms) Arc BI only: - Semiconductor outputs HSO1 and HSO2 Typically 7 ms (2…12 ms) - Regular relay outputs Typically 10 ms (6.5…15 ms) Reset Reset ratio for current 97 % of the pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 411: Control Functions

    9.2.2.3 Cold load pick-up (CLPU) Table. 9.2.2.3 - 356. Technical data for the cold load pick-up function. Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Current input magnitudes RMS phase currents Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 412: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse) (optional) Current inputs Residual current channel I (Fine) (optional) RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes RMS residual current (I ) (optional) Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 413: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 97/103 % of the pick-up voltage setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±2.0 % or ±80 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 414: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio 1.05 < Typically <25 ms < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 415: Disturbance Recorder

    Power supply input 4 kV, 5/50 ns, 5 kHz EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-4 Other inputs and outputs 4 kV, 5/50 ns, 5 kHz Surge: Between wires: 2 kV, 1.2/50 µs EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-5 Between wire and earth: 4 kV, 1.2/50 µs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 416 Table. 9.3 - 368. Environmental conditions. IP classes IP54 (front) Casing protection class IP21 (rear) Temperature ranges Ambient service temperature range –35…+70 °C Transport and storage temperature range –40…+70 °C Other Altitude <2000 m Overvoltage category Pollution degree © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 417 Height: 208 mm Dimensions Width: 257 mm (½ rack) Depth: 165 mm (no cards or connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 250 mm Dimensions Width: 343 mm Depth: 256 mm Weight 2.0 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 418: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module, pre- Requires an external power Advanced Co. ADAM-4015-CE configured module Ltd. ADAM-4018+- External 8-ch Thermocouple mA Input module, pre- Requires an external power Advanced Co. configured module Ltd. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...
  • Page 419 Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux AQ-02B Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux AQ-02C Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

  • Page 420: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00035...

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