1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Heico Manuals
  4. Portable Generator
  5. EMD Epsilon EPS 45-80
  6. Technical manual

Heico EMD Epsilon EPS 45-80 Technical Manual

Hide thumbs
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator
Technical Manual
MANUAL P/N 9894.00.G6

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the EMD Epsilon EPS 45-80 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Subscribe to Our Youtube Channel

Summary of Contents for Heico EMD Epsilon EPS 45-80

  • Page 1 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Technical Manual MANUAL P/N 9894.00.G6...
  • Page 2 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator technologies Copyright application © 2006, 2007, 2008 by emd Inc. All rights reserved. technologies technologies technologies and the emd logo are trademarks of emd Inc., registered in the U.S.A. and other countries. Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system technologies without the written permission of emd...
  • Page 3 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual INTRODUCTION TO EPSILON TECHNICAL MANUAL A. GENERAL A.1 Intended Purpose Epsilon EPS 45-80 High-Voltage generator is a medical device used with complementary X-ray apparatus in order to emit ionizing radiation intended for diagnostic interventional radiology. It is designed to work in a safe environment for the patient and the operator.
  • Page 4 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator A.4 Definitions Automatic Brightness Stabilization, in Fluoro mode. Mode of operation in which the factors of the Fluoroscopic beam is automatically adjusted to obtain an optimal image brightness. AEC : Automatic Exposure Control, in RAD mode In an X-ray Generator, mode of operation in which one or more loading factors are controlled automatically in order to obtain at a preselected location a desired quantity of radiation Peak voltage applied between the anode and cathode of an x-ray tube, in thousands of...
  • Page 5 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual B. SAFETY PROCEDURES Disregard of the procedures given below may cause serious or fatal bodily injury. B.1 Electrical Safety All of the movable assemblies and parts of this equipment should be operated with care and routinely inspected in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations contained in the present manual.
  • Page 6 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator C. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY The Epsilon EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator complies with the IEC 60601-1-2 standard version: 2001). Guidance and Manufacturer's Declaration – Electromagnetic Emissions The EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator should assure that it is used in such an environment.
  • Page 7 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual Guidance and Manufacturer's Declaration – Electromagnetic Immunity The EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator should assure that it is used in such an environment.
  • Page 8 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Guidance and Manufacturer's Declaration – Electromagnetic Immunity The EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator should assure that it is used in such an environment.
  • Page 9 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications equipment and EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator The EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment in which radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer or the user of the EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X- ray generator can help prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment (transmitters) and the EPS 45-80 High-Voltage X-ray generator as recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the communications...
  • Page 10 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator D. IMPORTANT SYMBOLS Alert service representative to hazards that could result in severe personal injury or death. Alert service representative to the fact that X-rays will be produced during the detailed procedure. Hazards which could result in equipment or property damage Alert service representative to a procedure important for optimal utilization of the device equipment.

  • Page 11: Table Of Contents

    Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual E. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO EPSILON TECHNICAL MANUAL ............iii GENERAL ................................iii SAFETY PROCEDURES ............................v ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY..................... vi IMPORTANT SYMBOLS ............................x TABLE OF CONTENTS............................xi 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO EPSILON HF GENERATOR.............. 1-1 1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ..........................1-2 1.1.1 Main Characteristics of EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator..............1-2 1.1.2 System Configuration............................1-3...
  • Page 12 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 2.2 INTERCONNECTION OVERVIEW.......................2-4 2.3 INSTALLATION SETUP .............................2-5 2.4 POWER LINE CONNECTION.........................2-7 2.5 X-RAY TUBE CONNECTION ..........................2-8 2.5.1 High Voltage Cable Connection........................2-8 2.5.2 Tube Stator Connection.............................2-8 2.5.3 Metal Center Section Connection ........................2-9 2.5.4 Thermal Switch (Tube Housing) Connection ....................2-9 2.6 EPSILON OPERATOR CONSOLE INSTALLATION................

  • Page 13: Introduction To Epsilon Technical Manual

    Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual 3.5 DIGITAL OUTPUTS............................3-26 3.5.1 Digital Outputs Specification......................... 3-26 Optional Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board ..................3-27 3.5.2 Types of Programmable Outputs........................3-27 3.5.2.1 Programmable Client Outputs ......................3-28 3.5.2.2 “Alarm” Output Type..........................3-28 3.5.2.3 “X-ray On” Output Type........................3-29 3.5.2.4 Frame Rate Output Type ........................
  • Page 14 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.5 WORKSTATION CONFIGURATION......................4-20 4.5.1 Workstation Configuration ..........................4-20 RAD Exposure Types............................. 4-23 AEC Devices ..............................4-23 RAD Frame Rate Setup ..........................4-24 AEC Zero Point (Fluoro-RAD kV Transfer Curve) ................. 4-25 Saving/Sending Workstation Configuration ....................4-25 4.5.2 Programmable Inputs/Outputs Configuration...................
  • Page 15 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual 5.7 ION CHAMBER SETUP & AEC CALIBRATION..................5-15 5.7.1 Ion Chamber Setup ............................5-15 5.7.2 AEC Calibration Procedure ........................... 5-16 5.7.2.1 AEC Calibration Concept ........................5-16 A) AEC Feedback Gain Adjustment:......................5-16 B) Film-Screen Correction (kV Compensation) ..................5-17 5.7.2.2 AEC Chamber’s Fine-Tuning Procedure ...................
  • Page 16 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.2.4 Software Revision........................... 7-18 7.5.2.5 History Log.............................. 7-18 7.5.2.6 Three-Phase Inverter Board Register....................7-19 I- Inverter Board Status Register Updating ....................7-19 II- Inverter Board Power On Self-Test......................7-20 III- Inverter Board Test on PREP........................ 7-20 7.5.2.7 Statistics..............................
  • Page 17 Epsilon Introduction to Technical Manual 7.7.3 Generator Calibration and Configuration Data ..................7-60 7.7.3.1 Summary of Data............................ 7-60 7.7.3.2 Integrity of Data ............................. 7-60 7.7.4 Console Configuration & Communication....................7-62 7.7.4.1 PC & Generator Link Types......................... 7-62 7.7.4.2 Proprietary CANBUS Communication Protocol................7-63 7.8 CONFIDENCE TEST............................
  • Page 18 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 9.4 INITIAL TURN-ON ..............................9-7 9.4.1 Preliminary Generator Power-On Test......................9-7 9.4.2 Exposure Test Verification ..........................9-7 9.5 FIELD CALIBRATION ............................9-8 9.5.1 X-ray Tube Calibration ............................9-8 9.5.2 Fluoroscopic Maximum Entrance Exposure Rate ..................9-8 9.5.3 ABS Mode Adjustment (Section 5.6).......................9-8 9.5.4 Image AEC/Brightness Devices ........................9-9 9.5.5 Field Selection/Integrator Reset (Section 5.7.1) ..................

  • Page 19: Introduction To Epsilon Hf Generator

    1.0 INTRODUCTION TO EPSILON HF GENERATOR IN THIS CHAPTER : 1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION..........................1-2 1.1.1 Main Characteristics of EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator ............1-2 1.1.2 System Configuration ..........................1-3 1.1.3 EPS High-Voltage Generator — Options ....................1-5 1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................1-9 1.2.1 RAD Mode Specifications ........................1-9 1.2.1.1 Tube Loading Factors ........................1-9 1.2.1.2 Tube Loading Modes ........................1-10 1.2.1.3 Focal Spot / Anode Speed Selection....................1-11...

  • Page 20: Product Description

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The EPS 45-80 High-Voltage generator is an Advanced High Frequency X-ray Generator designed with a unique power inverter technology and modular conception. As more power or custom features are needed, they are simply added using plug-in modules quickly inserted to the generator's main core.

  • Page 21: System Configuration

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.1.2 System Configuration A universal platform exists for conventional RAD & RF applications (from 30 kW to 80 kW) and for cardiac application (50 kW to 100 kW). Epsilon High-Voltage Generator Configuration “wp” Ex.; EPS 65R, EPS 80CV = Power range (30 to 100 kW);...
  • Page 22 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Workstations : Up to 6 workstations, depending on EPS configuration. X-ray tube One dual focal spot X-ray tube. Two-Tube option available. Anode drive Integrated Low or Dual Speed Rotor Controller. See options in § 1.1.3. APR exams Programmable technique chart consisting of up to 2000 fully customizable exams, stored in the Epsilon Operator Console.

  • Page 23: Eps High-Voltage Generator - Options

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.1.3 EPS High-Voltage Generator — Options Epsilon Operator Console P/N 9777.xx An elegant X-ray control panel that affords simple control of the EPS High-Voltage generator. Depending on configuration, the console controls between 4 and 6 workstations with more than 2000 APR exams divided in 3 or 4 patient sizes.
  • Page 24 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator High Performance Pulsed Fluoro P/N 10012.000 High Performance Pulsed Fluoro is performed on standard X-ray tubes (no grid), using a programmable surface dose rate and a variable pulse width. It is done in Dose Reduction or Image Enhancement mode.
  • Page 25 Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator Auxiliary Power Supplies P/N 10023.000 (.002) Provides a medical grade power supply rated 24 VAC, 150 VA (6.25A) and 24 VDC (2.7A), 65W. Auxiliary Power Supplies P/N 10023.001 Provides a medical grade power supply rated 24 VDC (2.7A), 65W. DAP Interface P/N 10028.000 The DAP Interface option allows interfacing a DAP measurement device on the Epsilon Operator Console to display the radiation level a patient is...
  • Page 26 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Universal Chambers Interface Board P/N 11002.000 Consists of a plug-in board and the necessary software to perform AEC exposures on up to 3 solid state AEC chambers. This board includes also an additional interface for a standard ion chamber. Increased Duty Cycle P/N 10005.000 Increases the generator efficiency by using built-in thermostatic cooling fans.

  • Page 27: Technical Specifications

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.2.1 RAD Mode Specifications 1.2.1.1 Tube Loading Factors From 40 to 150 kV, with 1-kV steps. From 10 to 1000 mA, with 25% increment steps (up to 21 stations): 12.5; 100; 125;...

  • Page 28: Tube Loading Modes

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.2.1.2 Tube Loading Modes The generator provides single and serial tube loading with manual and AEC-controlled irradiation time (Table 1). Table 1- Available Tube Loading modes Single Exposure Description 3-Point Loads the tube at specific kV, mA and irradiation time factors. 2-Point Loads the tube at specific kV and mAs factors.

  • Page 29: Focal Spot / Anode Speed Selection

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.2.1.3 Focal Spot / Anode Speed Selection Manual and automatic focal spot selection can be selected in RAD. Auto Focal Spot in Radiography In auto focal spot selection, the filament is determined as a function of the technique kW and the anode speed.

  • Page 30: Aec Mode

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.2.1.4 AEC Mode Two ion chambers are supported on the standard generator. Different other AEC sensors can be interfaced, depending on the generator configuration. Refer to Section 2.1.2 for recommended devices. • Ionization chambers Two ion chambers support 3 user-selectable fields and 3 film-screen correction tables to compensate for film density relating to film-screen kV curve characteristics.

  • Page 31: Power Range

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.2.1.5 Power Range Table 3- Maximum Power Outputs versus Tube mA (Intermittent Mode) 1000 Tube Config. Max. kV > – – – – Max. kW > 30 kW – – – – Max. kV > –...

  • Page 32: Typical Kv Waveform

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.2.1.6 Typical kV Waveform Tube loading: 100 kV, 400 mA, 10 ms Typical kV rise time: 175 µs Figure 1.4 Typical kV Waveform. – 1.2.2 Fluoro Mode Specifications 1.2.2.1 Fluoroscopy Types 1. Continuous & Pulsed Fluoro available on standard Epsilon configurations (refer to § 1.2.2.2). 2.
  • Page 33 Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator Permits to switch from pulsed to continuous Fluoro at the Epsilon operator LUORO console, and vice versa. Low, high or RAD speed. NODE OTATION Continuous Fluoro: Small filament (large filament if small filament opens); OCAL Pulsed Fluoro: Small or large filament, as a function of the tube mA.

  • Page 34: High Performance Pulsed Fluoroscopy

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.2.2.3 High Performance Pulsed Fluoroscopy This option allows doing Pulsed Fluoroscopy on standard X-ray tubes, with no grid, in Dose reduction mode or in Image Enhancement mode. • Dose Reduction mode: This mode reduces the total Fluoro dose to the patient by decreasing the pulse rate operation.

  • Page 35: High Power Fluoroscopy Option

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator NTRANCE XPOSURE RATE ERFORMANCE ULSED LUORO Two distinct Fluoro entrance exposure rates are supported. The generator controls the Fluoro surface dose rate as a function of the kV, pulse rate and, optionally, of the source-to-patient distance.

  • Page 36: Audible Alarms

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Pulsed Fluoroscopy • Photomultiplier tube: Requires the Fluoro PMT board P/N 9822.00. Gain is adjusted via a high voltage bias supply which can be varied from about -200V to about -950V. • Photodiode: Requires the Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro board P/N 11030.000. Usable input signal range is from about 12.5 mV to 9 V or from about -12.5 mV to -9 V.

  • Page 37: Power Ratings/Line Requirements

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.2.4 Power Ratings/Line Requirements The generator requires a three-phase electrical line with a protective earth ground (4 or 5 wires Standard line regulation from no load to full load will provide full power output, at maximum kV. Table 10- Power Ratings and Electric Line Requirements Apparent Nominal Electric Power...

  • Page 38: Miscellaneous

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.2.5 Miscellaneous 1.2.5.1 X-ray Tube Interface Type of Tubes Class 1 B (IEC Classification). Number of Tubes One X-ray tube standard; 2-tube configuration available as an option. Models Most popular X-ray tube models are supported through a built-in X-ray tube chart.

  • Page 39: Product Disposal

    Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator 1.2.5.3 Product Disposal At the end of its usable lifetime, no particular action is necessary for the disposal of the product except those locally in force at the installation site. If the EPS generator is fit with the optional cable discharge unit (high-end Cardiac configurations), this latter contains approximately 30 liters of dielectric oil.
  • Page 40 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Dimension in mm (inches) Wide Height Depth Weight Generator (stand alone) 441 (17 492 (19 578 (22 64-75 kg (140-165 lb) ” .. with cabinet 472 (18 812 (19 768 (30 79-90 kg (175-200 lb) ” .. with 2-Tube option & cabinets 472 (18 1268 (50) 768 (30...
  • Page 41 Epsilon 1. Introduction to HF Generator H.V. Cables H.V. Cables Access Access 30 1/4" 1 3/4" 18 5/8" 5 1/2" 29 1/2" 32" 25 7/8" 6 7/8" H.V. Cables Access 1 7/8" 1 1/2" 3 1/4" 12" 7/8" 26 3/4" H.V.

  • Page 42: Regulation And Standards

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1.3 REGULATION AND STANDARDS Epsilon High-Voltage Generators comply with the following standards and regulations (Table 11). Table 11- Regulation and Standards Market Type Standard Canada CSA C22.2 No. 601-1 Safety UL 60601-1 & IEC 60601-2-7 Health This equipment complies with the Radiation Performance, 21CFR, Sub-chapter J.

  • Page 43: Installation

    2.0 INSTALLATION This section describes the physical installation and electrical supply of the generator. Interfacing, system settings and calibration are described in subsequent chapters. IN THIS CHAPTER : 2.1 UNPACKING AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ............2-2 2.1.1 Inspection of Material Received..................... 2-2 2.1.2 Parts to Be Supplied By Customer ....................

  • Page 44: Unpacking And Installation Requirements

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator INSTALLATION REPORT (SECTION 9) During the Installation (Section 2), Interfacing (Section 3), Configuration (Section 4) and Installation Report Calibration (Section 5) processes of the generator, an should be filled out. A filled in copy of the report should be retained in your files for future reference 2.1 UNPACKING AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 2.1.1 Inspection of Material Received...

  • Page 45: Parts To Be Supplied By Customer

    2. Installation 2.1.2 Parts to Be Supplied By Customer The items below are not provided with the generator and shall be supplied by the customer, if needed. 1. X-ray Tube One 2-focal spot X-ray tube, Class 1 Type B (IEC Classification) Two X-ray tubes when the “2-tube option, P/N 10020.000”...

  • Page 46: Interconnection Overview

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 2.2 INTERCONNECTION OVERVIEW Figure 2.1 System Interconnection Diagram. – Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 47: Installation Setup

    2. Installation INSTALLATION SETUP The Epsilon generator has a very small footprint and requires minimal elbowroom. The question of its physical location in the X-ray room should not represent difficulties. However, the following few guidelines will help to secure the physical installation and to provide enough access for the maintenance of the generator.
  • Page 48 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 2. Place the Epsilon High-Voltage Generator in a well-ventilated environment. If you have to confine the generator in a closed cabinet, you should consider equipping the generator with optional fans. Contact emd technologies service department for more information. 3.

  • Page 49: Power Line Connection

    2. Installation POWER LINE CONNECTION The generator requires a three-phase electric line with a protective earth ground (4 or 5 wires, maximum wire gauge 0 AWG (50mm)). Refer to the Power Rating Table (Section 1.2.4, Table 10) to make sure the power line ratings and electrical safety >>...

  • Page 50: X-Ray Tube Connection

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator X-RAY TUBE CONNECTION 2.5.1 High Voltage Cable Connection The two (2) high voltage output receptacles are located on the rear section of the High Voltage Power Supply (Figure 2.3). Each receptacle is identified with a label, "Anode" or "Cathode". Use the same type and same length of high-voltage cables (see ratings, Section 2.1.2) to connect the generator anode &...

  • Page 51: Metal Center Section Connection

    2. Installation Table 13-A Tube stator connection to Line Filter board P/N 9916.x Usual cable color Signal Connector Black Stator Main J6 pin 1 – Main T1 White Stator Common J6 pin 2 – Common T1 Green (Red) Stator Phase J6 pin 3 –...

  • Page 52: Epsilon Operator Console Installation

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator EPSILON OPERATOR CONSOLE INSTALLATION 2.6.1 Console Installation & Connection 1. Install the operator console on a table, on a shelf or on the optional console pedestal. 2. Figure 2.5 below illustrates the back panel of the operator console. Use cable P/N 10015.xxx to interconnect the Epsilon console (J7) with the generator controller (J4).

  • Page 53: Optional Hand-Switch P/N 10018.Xxx

    2. Installation 2.6.2 Optional Hand-Switch P/N 10018.xxx This option provides the operator console with a hand held push-button switch that can be extended 8 foot from the operator console. The exposure switch can be either used as a replacement of the operator console’s push-buttons or as an additional exposure switch. This preference is set by moving a jumper on the console board (§...
  • Page 54 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Parts shipped or used with Hand-Switch option P/N 10018.000 N° Qty Name Part Number Epsilon operator console P/N 9777.xx Hand-switch P/N 9787.00 Hand-switch Console bracket P/N 9788.00 Swivel leveling mount Part of P/N 9777.xx Sems Head machine screw no.10 Part of P/N 10018.xxx Stand-off Part of P/N 10018.xxx...

  • Page 55: System Grounding

    2. Installation Figure 2.7 Console Board P/N 9780.01 (Hand-Switch option). – PREP/RAD configuration on SYSTEM GROUNDING 2.7.1 Protective Earth Ground The protective earth ground provided by the distribution panel must be connected to the chassis ground lug located on the Line Filter Board (Figure 2.4). This terminal is identified as shown below. Identification of chassis ground terminal, on Line Filter board.

  • Page 56: System Grounding Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 2.7.2 System Grounding Configuration Use the system grounding diagram of Figure 2.9 to make sure no ground loop between the generator and the client equipment is created. The Epsilon generator is normally shipped with the 0 V of all I/Os tied to the chassis ground of the generator (Figure 2.9-A) using three (3) ground strap brackets.
  • Page 57 2. Installation Epsilon High-Voltage Generator CONTROLLER BOARD (Generator Section) (Field Interfacing Section) X-ray Room Central Earth Ground NO Ground Strap Field Equipment (To prevent ground loop) Field Equipment connected to X-ray Room Earth Ground Figure 2.9b – System Grounding Configurations (2/3). Field equipment isolated from the generator's ground (Ground strap NOT installed).

  • Page 58: Mechanical Enclosure Of The Generator

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 2.8 MECHANICAL ENCLOSURE OF THE GENERATOR It is recommended to provide the installed generator with mechanical enclosure to afford better electrical security to the personnel. This step can be done using the Decorative Cabinet P/N 10017.001 option. Installation Note: Final enclosure of the generator should be done at the end of the installation procedure only.
  • Page 59 INTERFACING IN THIS CHAPTER : SIGNAL INTERFACING TABLES ................................3-3 3.1.1 Controller Board P/N 9798.01 ..................................3-3 3.1.2 Line Filter Board P/N 9916.00-.01 ................................3-8 3.1.3 Optional Boards ......................................3-9 3.1.3.1 Fluoro PMT Board P/N 9822.00 ...............................3-9 3.1.3.2 Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board P/N 11030.000......................3-11 3.1.3.3 Relay Expansion Board P/N 9932.00.............................
  • Page 60 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator The interface of the peripheral equipment with the Epsilon generator is done on the Controller board and optional expansion boards (Figure 3.1). Most signals are site-dependent and require software configuration using the Epsilon PC Tools program (Chapter 4). Figure 3.1 –...

  • Page 61: Interfacing

    3. Interfacing 3.1 SIGNAL INTERFACING TABLES The following tables can be used for quick interfacing references. 3.1.1 Controller Board P/N 9798.01 Table 14- J14 Connector - P/N 9798.01 Signal Name Description Refer to Voltage reference for input threshold: +5V or +12V §...
  • Page 62 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 15- J12 Connector - P/N 9798.01 Signal Name Description : Footswitch Interface Refer to When low, prep is initiated if “footswitch enabled” is set PREP switch from the CPU. When low, RAD is initiated if “footswitch enabled” is set RAD switch from the CPU and all prerequisite conditions are validated: §...
  • Page 63 3. Interfacing Table 17- J13 & J8 Connectors - P/N 9798.01 Description: Ion Chambers # 1 (J13) and # 2 (J8) Refer to Signal Name Integrator feedback Positive or negative integrating ramp from 0 V to ± 10V Field Select A Low or high active signal or V OUT active).
  • Page 64 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 19- J7 Connector - P/N 9798.01 Description: CAN BUS serial port for secondary console Signal Name communication or biplane system (emd purposes only) + 24V DC For use with Epsilon Operator Console only. CAN H CAN bus interface signal.
  • Page 65 3. Interfacing Table 21- J10 Connector - P/N 9798.01 Description Refer to Signal Name Ground 1, 9 Generator serial port available for communication with an external console using a proprietary protocol. Signals comply with RS-232 specifications. § 3.8.2 N.U. Needs generator power on/off signals (see J6 connector, next Table).

  • Page 66: Line Filter Board P/N 9916.00-.01

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.1.2 Line Filter Board P/N 9916.00-.01 Table 24- J7 Connector - P/N 9916.00/.01 Relay Description Refer to 3, 4 Generator Power-on relay § 3.5.4.1 1, 2 Programmable relay output § 3.5.4.2 Table 25- J6 Connector - P/N 9916.00/.01 Description: Tube Stator Connection Refer to Signal Name...

  • Page 67: Optional Boards

    3. Interfacing Table 26- J8 Connector - P/N 9916.00/.01 Description: Tube Housing Interlock Connection Refer to Signal Name Tube 1 Housing A pull-up voltage of +5V is present on the input terminals. The interlock input must be held low Tube 1 Housing Return (active) to allow the exposure on tube # 1.
  • Page 68 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 29- J3 Connector – 9822.00 Description: Fluoro Interfacing Refer to Signal Name +5V or +12V , as per J9 jumper position; § 3.4.1.2 Results in a threshold voltage of + 2.5 or + 6 V Progr.

  • Page 69: Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board P/N 11030.000

    3. Interfacing 3.1.3.2 Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board P/N 11030.000 Table 31- J1 Connector - 11030.000 Signal Name Description: Additional footswitch Refer to Prep Switch When low, prep is initiated in the selected workstation When low, RAD is initiated in the selected workstation if all §...
  • Page 70 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 34- J6 Connector - 11030.000 Description (RG-59/U coaxial) Refer to Signal Name ABS/AEC Analog input used for control of stabilized dose § 3.7.1 Feedback input Ground Table 35- J4 & J5 Connectors - 11030.000 Pin Description: Ion Chambers # 8 (J5) and # 9 (J4) Refer to Signal Name Integrator feedback...

  • Page 71: Relay Expansion Board P/N 9932.00

    3. Interfacing 3.1.3.3 Relay Expansion Board P/N 9932.00 Table 36- Relay Expansion Board Contacts Relay Description: Programmable Relays (refer to Section 3.5.4.3) Relay J1-1 Normally open contact J3-1 J1-2 Common contact J3-2 J1-3 Normally closed contact J3-3 J1-4 Normally open contact J3-4 J1-5 Common contact...

  • Page 72: Universal Chambers Interface Board P/N 11002.000

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.1.3.5 Universal Chambers Interface Board P/N 11002.000 Table 37- J1 Connector – 11002.000 Pin Description: Interface for Ion Chamber # 3 Refer to Signal Name Integrator feedback Positive integrating ramp from 0 V to + 10V Field Select A Open drain, active low signals Field Select B...

  • Page 73: Cpx Adapter Board P/N 9990.00

    3. Interfacing 3.1.3.7 CPX Adapter Board P/N 9990.00 For “CPX Adapter Board option”, refer to Technical Manual Supplement P/N 11050.004 in the electronic documentation CD. 3.2 EXPOSURE SWITCHES The tube loading is requested by the activation of an exposure switch. After the exposure switch gets activated, the generator will load the X-ray tube only if specific safety conditions are met (no fault, interlock is ok, tube is ok, etc).
  • Page 74 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 3.2 Exposure Switch Interface. – Table 39- Exposure Switches Interface Board part number Gray = Optional connectors Signal Name 9798.01 Description 11030.000 9822.00 When low, prep is initiated if “footswitch enabled” is PREP switch J1-1 J2-1 J12-1 set from the CPU.

  • Page 75: Exposure Triggers

    3. Interfacing Table 40- Fluoro Switch Interface Board part number Gray = Optional connectors Signal Name Description 11030.000 9822.00 Fluoro High Level J2-1 J2-3 Low for Fluoro High level Fluoro Low Level J2-2 J2-4 Low for Fluoro Low level Footswitch common J2-3 J2-5 Return signal for the Fluoro switch...
  • Page 76 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 3.3 b– Different types of RAD trigger activation. 3-18 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 77: Programmable Digital Inputs

    3. Interfacing 3.4 PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL INPUTS 3.4.1 General 3.4.1.1 Programmable Input Types The connection points shown in Table 41 are available inputs to interface the X-ray room with the generator. Every digital signal can be set up as one of the following input types using the Epsilon PC Tools program (=>...

  • Page 78: Inputs With Terminated Resistor

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator List of Programmable Digital Inputs Table 41- Connector Typical Interfacing Description Active low inputs programmable for different generator modes using the Epsilon PC Tools program. Refer to Chapter 4. Controller board Controller board Input is inactive when: V >...

  • Page 79: Rad & Fluoro Interlocks

    3. Interfacing 3.4.2 RAD & Fluoro Interlocks Interlock type inputs are provided as security mechanism for RAD and Fluoro (Figure 3.5). The location, number and names of interlocks can differ from the one shown above using the Epsilon PC Tools program (=> Chapter 4). Figure 3.5 –...
  • Page 80 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 3.6 (1/2) — Interlock Ready & Start shown in a serial RAD exposure. 3-22 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...
  • Page 81 3. Interfacing Figure 3.6 (2/2) — Interlock “X-RAY” shown in a RAD & Fluoro. Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6 3-23...

  • Page 82: Rad/Fluoro Frame Rate Selection

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.4.3 RAD/Fluoro Frame Rate Selection RAD and Pulsed Fluoro exposure rate can be selected either at the console or from the peripheral equipment using up to three (3) programmable inputs (Figure 3.7 and Table 43). • The frame rate selection for RAD and Fluoro can either use the same lines or instead use a distinct set of inputs.

  • Page 83: Aec/Fluoro Lock Mode Input Type

    3. Interfacing 3.4.4 AEC/Fluoro Lock Mode Input Type This active low signal works in AEC serial technique and in Fluoro. In AEC serial exposure (RAD), the first frame is done using the AEC feedback. The Lock input is sampled at the end of each exposure: •...

  • Page 84: Digital Outputs

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator DIGITAL OUTPUTS 3.5.1 Digital Outputs Specification Digital output connection points shown in Tables 44 & 45 are available for interfacing purposes. Table 44- Digital Outputs Specification Connector Typical Interfacing Description Programmable relay contacts (=> Section 3.5.4.2) Line Filter Board Power On relay (=>...

  • Page 85: Optional Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board

    3. Interfacing Optional Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro Board The optional Photodiode Ion Chamber Fluoro P/N 11030.000 provides 2 programmable outputs with selectable polarity and voltage level (Table 45). Table 45- Selectable Polarity & Voltage on Programmable Outputs - P/N 11030.000 Connector Typical Interfacing Description Outputs can be active low or high (selectable polarity), and the voltage...

  • Page 86: Programmable Client Outputs

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.5.2.1 Programmable Client Outputs Programmable client outputs can be used individually or in any combination as general purpose control lines in RAD, Fluoro or during generator fault condition. For example, they can be connected to activate optocoupled isolators or relay coils. During RAD, an output line could be activated (pulled down) in any of five (5) generator states: Idle, Prep, Ready, Run and Run-X.

  • Page 87: X-Ray On" Output Type

    3. Interfacing 3.5.2.3 “X-ray On” Output Type This active low output (Figure 3.10) turns on during the production of X-rays. It has a minimum on- time of 250 ms; therefore, if an exposure pulses at a frequency equals to or greater than 4 Hz, the signal remains active for the exposure duration time.

  • Page 88: Operator Console Function Keys

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.5.2.6 Operator Console Function Keys An active low output can be associated with a function key on the Epsilon console (Figure 3.11). The Function keys can be set to be active in Toggle or Momentary mode (Section 4.5.2). Figure 3.11 –...

  • Page 89: Relay Contacts

    3. Interfacing 3.5.4 Relay Contacts 3.5.4.1 Power ON “K1” Relay Output (Line Filter Board) Contacts for a power-on relay (K1) are provided on Line Filter Board, J7 pins 3 & 4. The relay’s contacts (20A- 250V) are energized whenever the generator is turned on (Figure 3.12). These contacts are not available with the optional Auxiliary Power Supplies P/N 10023.000.
  • Page 90 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator + 24 V K1 Progr. Out K1 N.O. K1 Common K1 N.C. K2 N.O. K2 Progr. Out K2 Common K2 N.C. K3 N.O. K3 Common K3 N.C. K3 Progr. Out K4 N.O. K4 Common K4 N.C. K4 Progr.

  • Page 91: Aec Mode Interface

    3. Interfacing 3.6 AEC MODE INTERFACE 3.6.1 AEC Chambers Interfacing 3.6.1.1 Ion Chambers Two ionization chambers can be interfaced on Controller board P/N 9798.01 on J8 (chamber #1) and J13 (chamber #2) connectors. Three Field Select inputs (A, B, and C; [or Left, Center and Right]) are provided for each ion chamber.

  • Page 92: Solid State Aec Chambers

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1. Refer to Figure 3.14 to connect the ion chamber on the Controller (or optional board). 2. Using the Epsilon PC tools, select the activation polarity of the field select signal and integrator reset signal (independent settings). Refer to Section 5.7.1 to setup the fields and integrator reset signals as per the manufacturer specifications.

  • Page 93: Pmt Or Photodiode Interfacing

    3. Interfacing 3.6.2 PMT or Photodiode Interfacing A photomultiplier tube or photodiode can be used to control AEC exposures. Refer to Section 3.7.1 to interface a PMT or photodiode and to Section 5.8 to adjust the AEC brightness for every workstation using this type of device.

  • Page 94: Spd Dose Tracking Interface (Optional Feature)

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.6.4 SPD Dose Tracking Interface (Optional Feature) The Source to Patient Distance (SPD) can be tracked during Fluoro to maintain the Fluoro surface dose when the tube or the image amplifier moves. The distance is tracked using an analog signal inputted at J14- pin 10, which ranges from 0.1 to 10 V (Figure 3.17).
  • Page 95 3. Interfacing Figure 3.18 – Connectors and potentiometers on Fluoro Boards. Figure 3.19 Photomultiplier Tube Interfacing Diagram on Fluoro PMT board P/N 9822.00. – Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6 3-37...

  • Page 96: Trigger (Pulsed Fluoro)

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.7.2 Trigger (Pulsed Fluoro) In Pulsed Fluoro, the trigger is necessary to synchronize the Fluoro gate with the imaging system (Figure 3.20). The trigger input is provided on the Fluoro board: − J3A, pin 6 on Fluoro board P/N 9822.00 −...

  • Page 97: Communication Ports

    3. Interfacing 3.8 COMMUNICATION PORTS 3.8.1 Communication with a Computer Serial communication with a computer can be established using J16 port of Controller board or J6 port of the optional Epsilon Operator Console. Both serial ports can be used by the Epsilon PC Tools program to configure or service the generator.

  • Page 98: Communication With An External Console

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3.8.2 Communication with an External Console Controller board's J10 connector can be used to communicate with an external console using the emd proprietary RS-232 protocol. When serial ports of both devices are interconnected, dual communication can be established and the generator be initialized. For more information, refer to Technical Manual Supplement P/N 11050.008 in the electronic documentation CD.
  • Page 99 4.0 SYSTEM SETUP In this section, the power is applied for the first time to the generator. Then, using the Epsilon PC Tools, the complete setup of the generator is made to customize it as per the installation site characteristics and specific peripherals. IN THIS CHAPTER : 4.1 GENERATOR POWER-ON TEST ........................
  • Page 100 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Operator Console Keys Power Off Ion Chamber’s Film-screen Selection (3) Power On mA/mAs Exposure Mode RAD Switch Ion Chamber’s Fields Selection (3) PREP Switch AEC Mode On/Off Fluoro Alarm Reset Parameters Selection (6) Fluoro Timer Reset Graphic Screen Selection (8) Fault Reset RAD/Fluoro Mode Display...

  • Page 101: System Setup

    4. System Setup Function/Control keys (39) Disable X-Ray Function keys (3) Power off Reset keys (3) Power on PREP switch Parameter keys (manual mode) (6) X-ray switch AEC mode on/off Patient size control (4) AEC-Lock mode (not implemented) RAD/Fluoro toggle key Optical density control (2) Menu selection keys (8) Workstation selection (5)

  • Page 102: Generator Power-On Test

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator The generator setup can be boiled down to the following items: 1. Generator Basic Configuration (Section 4.3) 4. I/Os Configuration (Section 4.5.2) 2. X-ray tube Setup (Section 4.4) 5. Fluoro Setup, if applicable (Section 4.6) Workstations Setup (Section 4.5) 6.
  • Page 103 4. System Setup 4. After power up, the operator console should display the initial power on screen shown in Figure 4.2 (1.), with the default workstation and initial tube loading factors. • If the message displayed on the console is not “Small Fil. Calib. Required”, go to Section 7.4 to take an action as a function of the displayed message.

  • Page 104: Epsilon Pc Tools Program

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.2 EPSILON PC TOOLS PROGRAM The Epsilon PC Tools program must be installed on a laptop or PC in order to: • Facilitate the configuration of the generator. • Manage the system database (backup the generator database or duplicate an installation setup onto another generator).
  • Page 105 4. System Setup Do not make an exposure when a computer or any external equipment is connected to the operator console (J6) or generator (J16). When making X-rays is necessary, use an optical isolator between the computer and the console. Recommended part: Optical Isolator, RS-232 to RS-232, model 9SPOP2, from B&B Electronics...
  • Page 106 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure b – New hardware wizard first Installation steps. Figure c – Locate the driver folder on your local disk. If the compatibility window displays (Figure d, right), click the “Continue Anyway” button. Note: On some computers, it is possible that the above installation steps should be repeated once before final installation could be completed successfully.
  • Page 107 4. System Setup After the installation is completed, click the Finish button (Figure e). Then, verify on which port the driver has been installed on your laptop. This is done using the Windows control panel (Figure f): Control Panel/System/System Properties Hardware/Device Manager/Ports (COM & LPT1)/USB Serial Port (EMD technologies settings) (COM“n”).

  • Page 108: Epsilon Pc Tools User's Guide

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.2.3 EPSILON PC TOOLS User’s Guide 4.2.3.1 Program Primer 1. Connect the generator to your computer and launch the Epsilon PC Tools program. 2. Select either “Open an existing configuration file” or “Create a new configuration file” and click the OK button (Figure 4.4).
  • Page 109 4. System Setup Title Bar (with file name, if any) Menu Bar Database Configuration Parameters Messages Status Bar Connection Status Figure 4.6 – Epsilon PC Tools typical user interface screen. Epsilon PC Tools main menus 4. Before beginning the setup of a generator, it is wise to save the current blank file by using the menu "File"...
  • Page 110 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6. To establish the communication between the computer and a connected generator: (i) select the menu "Transfer" and choose "Connect" or (ii) double-click on the "Connection status" icon (bottom right-hand corner) until the connection status toggles to “Monitor/Transfer” (Figure 4.7). Connection status Possible actions 1.

  • Page 111: Data Storage And Generator's Configuration

    4. System Setup 4.2.3.2 Data Storage and Generator's Configuration Important The default parameters on a new machine will have to be customized to interface the generator with the specific peripheral equipment and user’s working preferences. Use the “File Save As” PC Tools command to save the configuration file on disk under a Saint-Eustache.emd meaningful name (for example ).

  • Page 112: Software Options

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 3. In the menu bar, select View/Options to invoke the Options configuration screen. This screen shows up software and hardware options available for the EPS generator (Figure 4.9). The appearance of this screen could vary as a function of the generator configuration. Figure 4.9 –...
  • Page 113 4. System Setup b) Radiography Options Configuration i) APR: Enable the APR option to have access to the APR database programming. Clearing the “APR Enabled” option box will disable the APR (no exams available at the console). ii) Cone Beam CT: Checking the “Cone Beam CT” option box will enable this functionality on the generator.

  • Page 114: Hardware Options

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Hardware Options a) Expansion Boards Configuration (Figure 4.10): i. First setup the Expansion Motherboard configuration (None, Expansion Motherboard or CPX Adapter). ii. When an Expansion Motherboard is present on the generator, set up the attached expansion boards by using the drop down lists of the four slot positions. The slot number corresponds to the position in the generator basket, from left to right.

  • Page 115: Tube Setup

    4. System Setup 6. Whenever the options configuration is modified, the Apply button (Figure 4.9) must be pressed to acknowledge the new setup. : If the options configuration is set up using the “Get from generator” method (Transfer/Connect/ Get from generator), it is possible that the obtained Hardware setup does not fit the generator setup accurately, or that the compatibility check does not take into account certain expansion boards.

  • Page 116: X-Ray Tube Derating

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Boost Time & Brake Time Recommended values for high speed boost/brake are given for indication only (gray figures) and can be modified if desired ( 500 - . Low speed boost time is about ¾ times the High Speed 15000 ms) boost time value.
  • Page 117 4. System Setup To derate the X-ray tube operative parameters, perform the following procedure: 1. Connect the generator to the PC and open the configuration file for your generator. 2. With Epsilon PC Tools in communication mode (Monitor/Transfer), select View and Tube to invoke the X-ray Tube module (Figure 4.11).

  • Page 118: Workstation Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.5 WORKSTATION CONFIGURATION PC TOOLS … Done => Options Here… Workstations Make sure the Software & Hardware options and the See Section 4.7 tube setup are configured (Sections 4.3 & 4.4) before See Section 4.5.2 Inputs continuing with the following configuration.
  • Page 119 4. System Setup 4. For the current workstation, setup the following parameters : a. Name: Choose a name for the workstation. Click in the name zone and enter up to 10 characters. This name will appear on the console’s graphic screen. PC Tools Workstation Epsilon console Graphic screen Note that on the Epsilon operator consoles, the workstations are iconized in the following...
  • Page 120 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator c. Fluoro: To enable Fluoro on the current workstation, set "Enable Fluoro" checkbox Note that Fluoro is available on Tube 1 only. Note: When the "Default Fluoro" checkbox is set ( ), the console will be defaulted, on that workstation, with the display of the Fluoro parameters (instead of RAD).

  • Page 121: Rad Exposure Types

    4. System Setup RAD Exposure Types 6. Enable every exposure types used for the current workstation: The following three (3) mutually exclusive groups of exposure types are available: I. RAD/RF modes II. Cardiac modes III. Vascular modes Cardiac-mA D.A. 3-point 2-point Cardiac-kW D.S.A.

  • Page 122: Rad Frame Rate Setup

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator RAD Frame Rate Setup 8. Configure the RAD frame rate operation (Figure 4.13). • Enable the proper frame rate selection using the checkbox located at their left. Different frame rates can be chosen using the Frame Rate tab (see next step). •...

  • Page 123: Aec Zero Point (Fluoro-Rad Kv Transfer Curve)

    4. System Setup AEC Zero Point (Fluoro-RAD kV Transfer Curve) 10. If necessary, click on the AEC Zero Pt tab to adjust the Fluoro-RAD kV Transfer Function. This curve is defaulted to 1:1 (slope = 0, b=0) and can be modified by moving one or both curves extremities.

  • Page 124: Programmable Inputs/Outputs Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.5.2 Programmable Inputs/Outputs Configuration Input and output signals can be customized for certain functions or peripheral equipment. Many I/Os are provided on the Controller board. Additional I/Os are provided by expansion boards (optional boards) connected onto the Expansion Motherboard. 1.
  • Page 125 4. System Setup Table 48- Input Types Types of Inputs Applications/Functions Interlock Exposure security set in RAD and Fluoro. See also Section 3.4.2. The generator requires that the interlock be true before toggling from Prep to • Interlock Ready ready mode. The interlock is required once per sequence to pass from PREP to ready.

  • Page 126: Programmable Outputs Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Programmable Outputs Configuration 4. In the menu bar, select View and Outputs to invoke the Programmable Outputs configuration screen (Figure 4.16). The appearance of this screen varies as a function of the generator hardware. Figure 4.16 – Output Configuration Screen. 5.
  • Page 127 4. System Setup Table 49- Output Types Types of Outputs Applications/Functions 1. X-ray On Output goes low during loading of X-ray tube, and stays on for a minimum of 250 ms. It stays open at any other moment. 2. Buzzer Output goes low whenever the alarm is activated.

  • Page 128: Fluoro Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator (*) Differences between RUN and RUN-X outputs: Both “Run” and “RUN-X” output will go true in a RAD sequence when all of the following conditions are true: 1. Both Prep and RAD switches are pressed. 4. All Ready Interlock Inputs have allowed the Ready State.

  • Page 129: General Fluoro Setup

    4. System Setup 4.6.1 General Fluoro Setup 1. Connect the generator to the computer and open the configuration file for the generator. 2. With Epsilon PC Tools in communication mode (Monitor/Transfer), select View/Fluoro to invoke the Fluoro configuration screen (Figure 4.17). The appearance of the screen varies as a function of the generator hardware.
  • Page 130 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator III. I ): Select this option to enable MAGE NHANCEMENT PTION Image Enhancement mode. Do not adjust the Enhancement factors yet. This setup will be done later (Section 5.4.3). • SPD (O ): If Source-To-Patient Distance tracking is interfaced with the generator, PTION enable the SPD tracking function.
  • Page 131 4. System Setup • Do not setup the nominal voltage at this moment. Refer to Section 5.5. OMINAL NPUT • Adjust the trigger type (mode) and source (if any). RIGGER I. Trigger in Continuous Fluoro: 1. If no trigger is used, set the trigger mode to “Internal (Software)” (see below). The Fluoro starts whenever the exposure ready conditions are met.

  • Page 132: Fluoro Abs Curves

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator • If Pulsed Fluoro is fitted on your generator, perform the DDITIONAL ULSED LUORO ETUP following additional setups. I. Select the Fluoro mA display mode (Figure 4.18): 1. Average mA; 2. Peak mA. Peak mA Display Average mA Display Epsilon If "mA peak Fluoro display mode"...

  • Page 133: Apr Setup

    4. System Setup 4.7 APR SETUP PC TOOLS … Done => Options Done => Workstations Here… Make sure the options, tube setup, workstations & Done => Inputs Fluoro are configured before APR setup is done. Done => Outputs Done => Fluoro See Section 5.7 AEC Chambers...
  • Page 134 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator The Exam setup of the right pane corresponds to the selected node of the APR arborescence (here, Digital /Spine/LW Ribs, 3 level node). Each node has its own set of exam parameters. Figure 4.19 – APR Programming screen showing a typical APR. Epsilon APR Program Hints •...
  • Page 135 4. System Setup 1. Connect the generator to the computer and open the PC Tools configuration file for the generator. 2. With Epsilon PC Tools in communication mode (Monitor/Transfer), select View/APR to invoke the APR configuration screen (Figure 4.19). The appearance of the screen varies as a function of the generator configuration.
  • Page 136 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator iv. According to the selected exposure mode, choose the following tube loading factors by default: kV, mA, mAs (and mAs ideal time ), irradiation time and optical density (**) (*) mAs Ideal Time = Time value used in mAs exposure (the smallest the time counterpart of the mAs factor is, the greatest the mA will be).

  • Page 137: Console, Language & Time Settings

    4. System Setup 4.8 CONSOLE, LANGUAGE & TIME SETTINGS 4.8.1 Console Brightness, Contrast and Volume The Console Setup module is used to adjust the contrast and brightness of the operator console. 1. Put the operator console in service mode and select Console/Setup (Figure 4.21). 2.

  • Page 138: Generator Clock

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 4.8.2 Generator Clock The generator real-time clock is set to GMT -05:00 Eastern Time (US & Canada). Use the History Log module in Epsilon PC Tools to synchronize the generator clock with your service laptop. 1. Connect the generator to the computer and open the PC Tools configuration file for the generator.

  • Page 139: Setting The Operator Console Language

    4. System Setup 4.8.3.1 Setting the Operator Console Language The Console Language module can be used to select the operator console language. 1. Invoke the service mode on the operator console and select Console/Language (Fig. 4.23). Figure 4.23 – Operator Console Language Selection in Service Mode. The Console language can be toggled between English and the second language by the operator, too.
  • Page 140 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 4.24 – Translation Module in Epsilon PC Tools. 3. The following three (3) actions are possible: Create a new second language. This is done by translating the two sets of strings (long and short strings) from English to the second language. •...
  • Page 141 4. System Setup Figure 4.25 – Short and Long Strings in the Translation Module. 4. Once a second language has been created or imported (and/or exported), it can be transmitted to the operator console by saving the emd file (File=>Save or Save as) and transferring the data to the console (Transfer =>...
  • Page 142 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK 4-44 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 143: Field-Calibration

    5.0 FIELD-CALIBRATION This chapter describes the final steps before the generator can be operated normally and the user's acceptance tests (Chapter 6) be performed. IN THIS CHAPTER : 5.1 INITIAL TURN ON TESTS .......................5-2 5.1.1 Tube Stator Verification ........................5-2 5.1.1.1 Epsilon Anode Starter board P/N 9962.xx ................5-3 5.1.1.2 EPS Starter board P/N 11104.xxx .....................5-4 5.1.2 Pre-Calibration Exposure Test ......................5-5 5.2 X-RAY TUBE CALIBRATION......................5-6...

  • Page 144: Initial Turn On Tests

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Most sections of this chapter require the production of X-rays. Make sure to apply all safety precautions to protect personnel from X-ray radiation. Make sure the EPS 45-80 High Voltage generator is installed and configured as per the instructions of Chapters 2, 3 and 4.
  • Page 145 5. Field Calibration 5.1.1.1 Epsilon Anode Starter board P/N 9962.xx Use the list below to verify that the Anode Starter Board matches the rotor type of the X-ray tube. (NOTE) Stator types “R” or “S” : Anode Speed Starter P/N 9962.01 (Low speed only) : Anode Speed Starter P/N 9962.02 (Dual speed) Stator type “E”...
  • Page 146 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.1.1.2 EPS Starter board P/N 11104.xxx 1. Make sure that the EPS Starter Board model fitted on your generator matches your tube rotor type (Figure 5.1(b)). EPS Starter board P/N 11104.001 : Low Speed Starter (most common stator types) EPS Starter board P/N 11104.002 : High Speed Starter (most common stator types) EPS Starter board P/N 11104.003 : Low Speed Starter, Low Impedance (Q &...

  • Page 147: Pre-Calibration Exposure Test

    5. Field Calibration EPS Starter Board Configuration –III– Table 52- Stator Jumper configuration for stator types Types “R” & “S” B to P C to M D to R E to J F to S G to N “XS-R” F to P G to M A to R H to J B to S...

  • Page 148: X-Ray Tube Calibration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.2 X-RAY TUBE CALIBRATION The X-ray tube calibration consists for the generator in finding the exact values of filament current that will produce the different tube mA stations, for the series of kVs. At the same time, the calibration process ensures that the X-ray tube operating parameters are kept within safe limits.
  • Page 149 5. Field Calibration Tube Calibration Messages "Press Prep & RAD to begin": The generator is ready to calibrate the selected filament; press the console exposure buttons (or room footswitch) to start the calibration. "Searching Emission": The generator searches for the proper current value that will emit tube current.

  • Page 150: Exposure Tests

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.3 EXPOSURE TESTS The following exposure tests must be done after an X-ray tube calibration. If a scope is available, verify the kV and main gate waveforms. 5.3.1 Output kV Waveform 1. On the Controller board, connect : a.

  • Page 151: Maximum Fluoroscopic Entrance Exposure Rate

    5. Field Calibration 5.4 MAXIMUM FLUOROSCOPIC ENTRANCE EXPOSURE RATE If this High-Voltage Generator is operated in Fluoroscopic mode, it must be adjusted to meet the National Regulation in force in the country of installation. When the generator is installed in United States of America (USA), it must be conform to the Code of Federal Regulation, 21CFR, Part 1020.32 (d) Entrance Exposure Rates and (e) Entrance Exposure Rate Limits.

  • Page 152: Spd Calibration (Option)

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.4.2 SPD Calibration (Option) For SPD calibration, refer to Technical Manual Supplement P/N 11050.012 in the electronic documentation CD. 5.4.3 Image Enhancement Mode Calibration (Option) If Image Enhancement feature is enabled on your generator, it must be calibrated to verify that the average patient dose does not exceed the dose allowed by local regulations.

  • Page 153: Photodiode Abs Device

    5. Field Calibration Figure 5.6 Fluoro Dose Stabilization Adjustment with a – Photomultiplier Tube ABS Device, done in Service Mode. 4. If High Fluoro level is fitted on your generator, return to screen of Figure 5.6-C, select High Fluoro Level and repeat step 3. Table 53- Fluoro ABS Adjustment Fluoroscopy ABS Adjustment for PMT device (Board 9822.00) Gain Control (*)
  • Page 154 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6. If necessary, repeat steps 3 thru 5 until the Fluoro image is good. Note: The photodiode gain on J6 can be made lower (ABS ramp slow), if necessary, by moving the jumper on J10 connector: Position 1-2: Normal gain for photodiode Position 2-3: Low gain for photodiode (Slow ramp ABS) FLUORO...

  • Page 155: Ion Chamber Or Remote Abs Control

    5. Field Calibration 5.5.1.3 Ion Chamber or Remote ABS Control For ABS control using an ion chamber (Pulsed Fluoro) or a flat panel (continuous Fluoro), the Fluoro stabilization procedure is done by adjusting the gain of the ABS feedback signal (nominal input voltage) in the Fluoro screen of the Epsilon PC Tools program.

  • Page 156: Fluoro Kv/Ma Tracking Curves (Contrast Adjust)

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.6 FLUORO kV/mA TRACKING CURVES (CONTRAST ADJUST) In Fluoro ABS, the Epsilon RF generator uses a kV to mA tracking curve to set the Fluoro mA as a function of the kV variation. Four (4) different curves are provided, ABS1 thru ABS4, to be customized as per your Fluoro application (Figure 5.9).

  • Page 157: Ion Chamber Setup & Aec Calibration

    5. Field Calibration 5.7 ION CHAMBER SETUP & AEC CALIBRATION The following sections describe how to setup the ion chamber and calibrate the AEC mode using the Epsilon PC Tools program. 5.7.1 Ion Chamber Setup 1. Connect the generator to the PC and launch the Epsilon PC Tools program. Open the configuration file for your generator.

  • Page 158: Aec Calibration Procedure

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Field Selection Field # A Field # B Field # C 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V Not used 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V 14.5 V Not used 10 V 10 V...

  • Page 159: B) Film-Screen Correction (Kv Compensation)

    5. Field Calibration For an ion chamber, the effect of the film-screen correction is additive to the effect of the AEC feedback gain. See Table 54 and description in the following paragraph (B. Film-Screen Correction). B) Film-Screen Correction (kV Compensation) Three (3) programming film-screen correction tables are provided to compensate for the kV curve characteristics of the ion chamber (Figure 5.10 right, Slow, Medium and Fast).

  • Page 160: Aec Chamber's Fine-Tuning Procedure

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.7.2.2 AEC Chamber’s Fine-Tuning Procedure In this procedure, the optimum film density level is obtained in AEC mode by adjusting the voltage level at which the AEC exposure will be stopped (intermittent exposure). To do this, the feedback signal provided by the ion chamber is considered from the generator standpoint.
  • Page 161 5. Field Calibration 9. If the proper optical density is not achieved, adjust the Nominal input voltage for the current film-screen speed. Save the data and send it to the generator. Repeat the same 81 kV-exposure. Note: Once the desired optical density is obtained for the 81-kV exposure with the current film- screen speed, the remaining eleven kV stations will be adjusted using the film-screen factor only should not be moved (from -80 to + 130), and Nominal input voltage...

  • Page 162: Image Brightness Adjustment

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 5.8 IMAGE BRIGHTNESS ADJUSTMENT This section applies only to generators not using an Ion chamber as AEC sensor. On certain workstations, the generator might be interfaced with a photomultiplier tube to control the image brightness in AEC exposures. The image brightness is in direct relation with the gain of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) controlled by the high voltage supply adjusted by a dedicated potentiometer or a D/A device on the Fluoro PMT board.

  • Page 163: User Acceptance Tests

    6.0 USER ACCEPTANCE TESTS This section sets forth the acceptance testing criteria that should be used to determine compliance of the Epsilon High-Voltage generator with the general performance requirements of the manufacturer. It is not intended to provide complete conformance evidence for all applicable regulatory requirements.

  • Page 164: Operator Console Acceptance Test

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6.1 OPERATOR CONSOLE ACCEPTANCE TEST Acceptance Test Logbook (1/11) 1. Press the power on key on the Operator Console. Verify that the generator Refer to § 4.5 initializes correctly: With the default workstation ; NO ; NO With the default loading factors.

  • Page 165: Accuracy Of Loading Factors

    6. User Acceptance Tests 6.2 ACCURACY OF LOADING FACTORS Test Equipment Use the following calibrated measurement devices: • Non-invasive or invasive kV meters • mA/mAs meter • X-ray Dose Meter 6.2.1 kV Accuracy Acceptance Test Logbook (2/11) 1. Perform the following 3-point exposures (3) using the loading factors of Table 55 Table 55 and verify the accuracy of the tube kV (intermittent mode).
  • Page 166 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Tube kV Accuracy (Continuous mode) Table 56- Requested Conditions 90% kV Compliance Criteria Any mA Exposure 1 Select ____ kV ___ kV ____ mA ± (5% + 2 kV) ____ kV Test Passed Test Failed Measure Requested Conditions 60% kV Compliance Criteria...

  • Page 167: Mas Accuracy

    6. User Acceptance Tests Tube mA Accuracy (Continuous mode) Table 58- Requested Conditions 20% mA Compliance Criteria Lowest kV Exposure 1 Select ____ mA ___ mA ± (5% + 0.5 mA) ____ kV ____ mA Test Passed Test Failed Measure Requested Conditions 20% mA Compliance Criteria...

  • Page 168: Irradiation Time Accuracy

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6.2.4 Irradiation Time Accuracy Acceptance Test Logbook (5/11) Perform the following 3-point exposures (2) using the loading factors of Table 60 Table 60 Passed and verify the accuracy of the irradiation time measured at 80 % of the peak kV. Failed Irradiation Time Accuracy Table 60-...

  • Page 169: Reproducibility Of Loading Factors

    6. User Acceptance Tests 6.3 REPRODUCIBILITY OF LOADING FACTORS This test verifies the reproducibility of the radiation output of the generator. Test Equipment The following material is required to perform Section 6.3. X-Ray Tube • X-ray Dosimeter • Aluminum Attenuator •...
  • Page 170 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 62- Reproducibility Test A - Results Acceptance Test Logbook (6A/11) Requested Lowest kV Highest mA 10 ms ≤ T ≤ 320 ms Conditions Test A Attenuation: 4 mm Al LOADING 40 kV ___ mA ___ ms FACTORS Calculate Measure...
  • Page 171 6. User Acceptance Tests Table 63- Reproducibility Test B – Results Acceptance Test Logbook (6B/11) Requested Highest kV Lowest mA 10 ms ≤ T ≤ 320 ms Conditions Test B Attenuation: 44 mm Al LOADING ___ kV 10 mA ___ ms FACTORS Calculate Measure...
  • Page 172 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 64- Reproducibility Test C – Results Acceptance Test Logbook (6C/11) Requested mA for 50% kV 10 ms ≤ T ≤ 320 ms Conditions Test C 100 µR < Dose < 500 µR Attenuation: 24 mm Al LOADING ___ kV ___ mA...
  • Page 173 6. User Acceptance Tests Table 65- Reproducibility Test D – Results Acceptance Test Logbook (6D/11) Requested mA for 80% kV 10 ms ≤ T ≤ 320 ms Conditions Test D 100 µR < Dose < 500 µR Attenuation: 40 mm Al LOADING ___ kV ___ mA...

  • Page 174: Linearity Of Loading Factors

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6.4 LINEARITY OF LOADING FACTORS This test verifies the linearity of the radiation output of the generator. Test Equipment The following material is required to perform Section 6.4. Refer also to Figure 6.1. • X-ray Dosimeter •...
  • Page 175 6. User Acceptance Tests Table 67- Linearity Test E – Results Acceptance Test Logbook (7A/11) Requested 2 mA stations As Test 6C 10 ms < T < 320 ms Conditions Test E above Test 6C Attenuation: 24 mm Al LOADING ___ kV ___ mA ___ ms...
  • Page 176 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 68- Linearity Test F – Results Acceptance Test Logbook (7B/11) Requested 2 mA stations As Test 6D 10 ms < T < 320 ms Conditions Test F above Test 6D Attenuation: 40 mm Al LOADING ___ kV ___ mA ___ ms...

  • Page 177: Constancy Of Aec Mode

    6. User Acceptance Tests 6.5 CONSTANCY OF AEC MODE Use the following test to demonstrate the constancy of the AEC mode during direct radiography. Test Equipment The following material is required to perform Section 6.5. • 12 identical films and cassette; or an X-ray dosimeter •...
  • Page 178 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Dose Constancy at same Phantom Thickness and varying Tube kVs Table 70- Phantom Exp. O.D. Diff. O.D. Tube kV O.D. Thickness versus O.D. differs by: Avrg ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ Compliance ± 0,15 Optical Density Average = _____ Test Passed...
  • Page 179 6. User Acceptance Tests Dose Constancy as a Function of Different kVs and Phantom Thicknesses Table 73- Phantom Exp. O.D. Diff. O.D. Tube kV O.D. Thickness versus O.D. differs by: Avrg ______ ______ ______ 10 cm ______ ______ ______ 15 cm ______ ______ ______...

  • Page 180: Automatic Exposure Control Limit

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 6.6 AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL LIMIT Acceptance Test Logbook (9/11) Set-up the following A.E.C. exposure: 65 kV and 200 mA. Set the backup mAs to as close as possible to 600. Block the phototiming detection by closing the collimator or by introducing a lead shield into the X-ray beam.

  • Page 181: Troubleshooting & Servicing

    7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING & SERVICING IN THIS CHAPTER : WARNING ........................................7-3 EXPOSURE INHIBITION ..................................7-3 7.2.1 Exposure Limits ..................................... 7-3 7.2.2 Interlock Conditions....................................7-3 FAULT CONDITIONS ....................................7-4 7.3.1 Abnormal End of Exposure................................. 7-4 7.3.2 Operator End of Exposure .................................. 7-4 7.3.3 Alarms........................................
  • Page 182 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.5 Software Update....................................7-52 7.6.5.1 Firmware & Epsilon PC Tools ...............................7-52 7.6.5.2 Options Chip P/N 11037.xxx.................................7-54 THEORY OF OPERATION..................................7-55 7.7.1 Functional Blocks....................................7-55 7.7.1.1 kV Output ......................................7-55 7.7.1.2 Power Supply .....................................7-56 7.7.1.3 mA Control......................................7-57 7.7.1.4 Filament Selection.....................................7-57 7.7.2 Description of AEC Modes................................

  • Page 183: Warning

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.1 WARNING This equipment must be serviced by trained personnel only, and using the utmost care. Dangerous and lethal potentials are present in offline circuits in several places of this unit! High voltage, AC line-connected potentials are present in numerous circuits. Even when the generator is switched off at the operator console, mains voltages are still present in High-Voltage Power Supply unit.

  • Page 184: Fault Conditions

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.3 FAULT CONDITIONS 7.3.1 Abnormal End of Exposure Errors occur during exposure when an abnormal condition intervenes with the exposure process. The generator will signal errors to the operator console in the following three manners: Visually; by blinking the parameter’s decimal point until the fault is reset. See Table 75. Audibly;...

  • Page 185: Alarms

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.3.3 Alarms Table 76- Audible Alarms Alarms in Fluoro Fluoro Alarm Tone Pulsed tone: Low Fluoro=> 1 beep/2 seconds “Fluoroscopy ON" alarm High Fluoro => 1 beep/1 second “Fluoro 5-minute elapsed” alarm Continuous tone “Anode H.U. over 80%” alarm Pulsed tone (2 beeps per second) “System Fault”...

  • Page 186: Inverter Problem Message / Power Reduction Mode

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.4.2 Inverter Problem Message / Power Reduction Mode When the status of a 3-Phase Inverter board changes, an Inverter Problem message displays on the console, as shown below in Figure 7.2 (left) for Inverter board in slot N° 6. When this condition occurs, usually at power on, the generator is completely disabled and the only possible action available to the operator is the acknowledgement of the inverter fault by doing a power off/on cycle.

  • Page 187: Messages And Meanings

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.4.3 Messages and Meanings Table 77- Messages to Operator (1/6) ACC. DOSE EXCEEDED < DAP option Message > The accumulated dose for the current patient is exceeded. Release the exposure switch and stop the exam. AEC/ABS DEVICE OPEN <...
  • Page 188 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 77- Messages to Operator (2/6) DAP LOCKED < DAP option Message > Wrong internal pin code. Check and/or reset the DAP device. DEFECTIVE STANDBY DRIVER < Informative Message > The standby filament circuit is erratic and is disabled. The generator can still be used to expose, but the exposure preparation might be longer.
  • Page 189 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Table 77- Messages to Operator (3/6) FLUORO DOSE CHANGED < History Log Message > In the History Log of Epsilon PC Tools (Service Module), this message indicates that the Maximum Fluoro Entrance Rate has been modified by the user. This is done using the operator console in service mode or by sending new data (Fluoro mA/mAs) to the generator by right-clicking on the Epsilon PC tools (Generator Calibration module), depending on the generator configuration.
  • Page 190 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 77- Messages to Operator (4/6) HOLD KEY TO SAVE RAD/FLUORO < Informative Message > The current RAD or Fluoro exam setup has been modified by the operator and the "Save Exam/Fluoro" hidden key (right column’s third key) is pressed. Keep the key depressed to save the exam, or released it to continue.
  • Page 191 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Table 77- Messages to Operator (5/6) LARGE FILAMENT OPEN < Informative Message > Open large filament condition is detected. Verify the X-ray tube. X-rays can be done on the small focal spot. OPEN CABLE FAILURE < Fault Message > Internal cables fault;...
  • Page 192 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Table 77- Messages to Operator (6/6) TRACK COOLING DELAY < Informative Message > The operator presses the PREP and RAD switches immediately at the end of an exposure. Wait at least five seconds (minimum track cooling delay) at the end of an exposure before initiating another PREP and RAD sequence.

  • Page 193: Diagnostic Features

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5 DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES To help investigate the possible causes of failure or malfunctioning of the generator, different diagnostic means are available to the service representative and to the operator. The most basic instance of diagnostic is done each time the generator is turned on. Indeed, every generator power- on process triggers the execution of a self test that will validate the basic functions of the generator (Section 7.5.1).

  • Page 194: Invoking The System Monitor In Console's Service Mode

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.2.1 Invoking the System Monitor in Console’s Service Mode Hold WK1 key and turn on power to enter Service Mode Service Mode: The service mode is invoked by turning on the operator console at the same time than holding down WS1 key. Release only WS1 key when the service mode displays on the graphic screen.

  • Page 195: Anode Monitoring

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.2.2 Anode Monitoring 1. Put the console in Service mode (Section 7.5.2.1). 2. Select "System" and "Anode” to call upon the Anode monitoring screen 3. Use Figure 7.5 to validate the anode monitoring functions.. Press the LOW key to boost the Press the HIGH key to boost anode to low speed.
  • Page 196 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 7.6 – Register screen in Service mode In service mode, select System Setup/Monitor (Figure 7.4), Hardware and Generator (or Basket). 3-Phase Table 78- Inverter Board Possible Conditions as per [IGBT] code Code Description Status No good Inverter boards in the generator FAULT One good Inverter board in the generator 2 good Inverter boards in the generator...
  • Page 197 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Table 79-a Table 79-b Generator Possible Status as per [I BT] code Basket Possible Status as per [IG T] code Code Description Code Description All functional All functional Stator drive connection error Battery weak Internal cable connection error Power Supply filament trouble Conditions 1 + 2 Conditions 1 + 2...

  • Page 198: Software Revision

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.2.4 Software Revision Use the Operator Console Service Mode to view the revision number of the installed software. 1. Put the console in Service mode (Section 7.5.2.1). 2. Select "System", "Monitor" and “Soft Rev” (Figure 7.7). 3.

  • Page 199: Three-Phase Inverter Board Register

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.2.6 Three-Phase Inverter Board Register The 3-Phase Inverter board status is kept into E memory and displayed in the service mode’s Hardware register (Figure 7.9). The register is updated by the generator at power up (Table 81) or when Prep switch is pressed (Table 82), or by the service representative himself when an intervention is done on any Inverter or Inverter Dummy board.

  • Page 200: Ii- Inverter Board Power On Self-Test

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator II- Inverter Board Power On Self-Test At every power on, the generator performs a self test to verify the status of the 3-Phase inverter slots. The generator will NEVER change a status for a better one, for example changing "Stop" for "OK".

  • Page 201: Statistics

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.2.7 Statistics The generator keeps statistics of the number of exposures, tube arcs occurrence, Inverters temperature and certain operational limits. The data is stored in a FLASH memory that can be visualized in service mode (Figure 7.10) and reset in PC tools. Use the Page Up ( &...

  • Page 202: User's Monitor Mode

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.2.8 User’s Monitor Mode Certain service mode screens can be displayed in normal operative mode by the operator. This is done by depressing the Fault Reset key on the console until the Monitor Mode displays on the graphic screen (Figure 7.11).
  • Page 203 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Figure 7.12 – Epsilon PC Tools Monitor Mode Data Monitored o Devices zone: The cursor indicates the activity of the following µprocessors or software module: Client µprocessor, on the Controller board X-RAY X-ray µprocessor, on the Controller board Console µprocessor, on the Console board CIO-P2 and XRAY-P2 are used for biplane system only CON2 is not used...
  • Page 204 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator o Inverters zone: Gives the status of the 3-Phase Inverter Boards. See also Section 7.5.2.6. 1. First column (Board) 3-Phase Inverter board number, from position 1 thru position 6, as installed on the Motherboard. 2. Second column (Status) Indicates the status of the Inverter board installed at the given position (Table 83).

  • Page 205: History Log

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.3.2 History Log This screen presents different events that occurred during the operation of the generator; the events being tracked and logged in a FLASH memory and also displayed in service mode (Section 7.5.2.5). Figure 7.13 below shows that events are encoded using a 2 byte-code (6F, 7B, 21, …etc), are accompanied of a description (History Deleted;...
  • Page 206 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Other information or actions can be obtained from the History Log screen: Set Date and Time: Use this button to synchronize the generator clock with the PC. Exposure Counters: Number of exposures done on both filaments. Firmware: Names, part numbers and revision numbers of installed firmware.

  • Page 207: Tube Calibration Viewer

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.3.3 Tube Calibration Viewer In Epsilon's Service tools, the Tube Calibration Viewer permits to visualize the different tube emission calibration curves existing in the generator or on a computer. The different curves (up to 9) represent the plotting of the tube current mA versus the tube filament current (A), for a given focal spot and kV station (in Figure 7.14, large focal spot and nine kV stations).

  • Page 208: Generator Calibration Module

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.3.4 Generator Calibration Module Use the Generator Calibration module to edit certain parameters on the generator or to save calibration data on computer (Figure 7.15). Figure 7.15 Generator Calibration Module – (shown here with High Performance Pulsed Fluoro). Calibration data consists of different information such as the Fluoro Maximum dose allowed, certain console parameters (brightness, volume&...
  • Page 209 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Console Parameters Use the Console parameters section to adjust any of the following setups. a. The Operator Console Language : Defaulted to English as main language and French as second language. Note that French second language can be changed to most any language by the client using the Roman, Greek or Cyrillic alphabet.

  • Page 210: Diagnostic Points

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.5.4 Diagnostic Points Use this section to explore the different diagnostic points available on the Controller board and elsewhere. Diagnostic points are test points, LEDs, jumpers. 7.5.4.1 Controller Board P/N 9798.01 Figure 7.17 – Controller board P/N 9798.01. 7-30 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 211: Test Points

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Test Points: Table 84- Test Points on Controller Board Test Point Description Range / Scaling Voltage Controlled Oscillator 0 – 5 V kV Total 1 V = + 40 kV (**) kV Anode 1 V = + 20 kV (**) kV Cathode 1 V = - 20 kV...

  • Page 212: Typical Waveforms

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Typical Waveforms: Typical Exposure @ 100 kV, 500 mA Typical Exposure @ 100 kV (Anode + Cathode) Typical Exposure @ 100 kV, 500 mA Typical AEC Exposure @ 100 kV Figure 7.18 – Controller board P/N 9798.01. Typical AEC Exposure @ 40 kV 7-32 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 213: Leds On Controller Board

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing LEDs on Controller board: Table 85- Diagnostic LEDs on Controller Board Description CR11 Lights on = Mains AC power applied to the generator controller "Standby" Turned off = Controller power is off. WARNING - Lethal voltage may still be present. Verify LEDs on 3-Phase Inverter boards before removing covers or servicing.

  • Page 214: Optional Fluoro Boards

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 7.19 – Warning LEDs on Inverter Boards P/N 9736.01 and on X-Ray Control Panel. 7.5.4.3 Optional Fluoro Boards • Potentiometers available on Fluoro PMT board P/N 9822.00 (Table 86). • Jumpers available on Fluoro PhD board P/N 11030.000: o J8: Leave jumper in position 1-2 o J10: Jumper in position 1-2: Normal gain for photodiode...

  • Page 215: Anode Starter Board

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.5.4.4 Anode Starter Board On the Anode Starter, a two LED-display (one green and one red LED) provides indication on the current operative condition. Both LEDs flash simultaneously 5 times when the system is turned on. To prevent accidental fault detection when error is detected, the starter maintains its current operative status (I/Os to generator) and tries to restart 3 times;...

  • Page 216: Optional Cable Discharge Interface Board P/N 11206.000

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator In a fault condition, the red LED 2-bit code pattern is repeated continuously. The code can be interpreted as follows: 1. X pulses of 250 ms on red LED where the number of pulses X indicates the decimal number of the first digit.

  • Page 217: Replacement Of Hardware And Software

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.6 REPLACEMENT OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE Before replacing a board inside the High-Voltage generator, make sure the generator power is turned off at the mains entry panel for at least 5 minutes before removing the top panel of the generator for board replacement.

  • Page 218: Three-Phase Inverter Board & Eps Starter Board Replacement

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.1 Three-Phase Inverter Board & EPS Starter Board Replacement • For the 45-80 kW configuration, the number of 3-Phase Inverter boards varies from 3 to 6. In this configuration, no empty slots should be allowed in the 3-Phase Inverter board locations.
  • Page 219 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Warning ! When LEDs on top of the Inverter boards are lit or blink, dangerous and lethal potentials are present in offline circuits in several places of these boards! High Voltage, Do not manipulate these AC line-connected potentials are present in these circuits. boards in this condition.
  • Page 220 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 1. Card Ejector (x 12); 2. Inverter Boards Retainer (x 1); 3. Anode Starter board (x 1); 4. Three-Phase Inverter Board (3-6). Note: Any missing Inverter board should be replaced by a Dummy Inverter Jumper board, (except for EPS 30 kW generators).
  • Page 221 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing ACK OF PSILON ENERATOR RONT OF PSILON ENERATOR Figure 7.24 Replaceable PCBs on the Motherboard (Top view). – Note: the number of Inverter boards varies from 2 to 6 according to the Epsilon configuration. Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6 7-41...

  • Page 222: Generator Basket Replacement

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.2 Generator Basket Replacement 7.6.2.1 Preliminary Step (Generator Configuration Data Backup) As the replacement of the basket will result in the reloading of the firmware and the configuration data, it is necessary to create a back up of the generator set up before proceeding with the hardware replacement.
  • Page 223 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Figure 7.25 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (1/10). – Figure 7.26 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (2/10). – Push the assembly downward to disconnect the Controller from the Motherboard connector. Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6 7-43...
  • Page 224 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 7.27 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (3/10). – Detail of top connector when disconnected Figure 7.28 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (4/10). – Pull the assembly out of the generator to remove it. 7-44 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...
  • Page 225 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Cathode Anode Power Supply Controller Figure 7.29 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (5/10). – Undo all internal connections. Large Filament Push to release Small Filament Figure 7.30 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (6/10). – Filament Connections (no polarity to be respected for these connections).
  • Page 226 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7. On the new basket, reconnect the cables that were undone in step 6. a. Reconnect first the four (4) filament cables (small and large). b. Place the cables so that they will run at the bottom of the chassis assembly after the basket is placed to its final position (see 1, Figure 7.31).
  • Page 227 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Figure 7.32 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (8/10). – Ideal positioning of cables before flipping back the basket into position. 11. Place the basket assembly toward the main chassis and move it upward to insert the top connector (Figure 7.33).

  • Page 228: Firmware Upload And Final Verification

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Figure 7.34 Replacement of EPS 45-80 Generator Basket (10/10). – Position before connecting the assembly to the Motherboard. On the generator, reinstall all screws taken out in step 4 (Figure 7.25). Reconnect all cables on the Controller board. If any, reinstall the board(s) on the Expansion Motherboard (Fluoro board, Relay board, ..).

  • Page 229: Optional Boards Replacement

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.6.3 Optional Boards Replacement These boards are easily replaced as they are only plugged into the Expansion Motherboard. There are no bolts and nuts to play with. Before replacing a board onto the High-Voltage generator: • Make sure the generator power is turned off at the mains entry panel for at least 5 minutes before removing the top panel of the generator for board replacement.

  • Page 230: Fuse And Battery Replacement

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.4 Fuse and Battery Replacement 7.6.4.1 Battery Function and Replacement The battery is used as a time keeper device for the calculation of the anode heat units and the Inverter Boards temperature, to place a date stamp on each entry in the system fault log and finally, for keeping track of the exposure counter registers.

  • Page 231: Fuse Replacement

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.6.4.2 Fuse Replacement Turn off all powers to the generator. For replacement of an Inverter board fuse, refer to Section 7.6.1 to take out the 3-Phase Inverter board. Pay great attention to all precautions given in that section. Inverter Board Fuses: If one fuse is blown on the 3-Phase Inverter board, you should consider replacing it.

  • Page 232: Software Update

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.5 Software Update 7.6.5.1 Firmware & Epsilon PC Tools Use the following procedure to update the software on an installed Epsilon generator. The Epsilon software consists of three firmware S19 files (S19 file format: low-level machine code and addresses) and one Epsilon PC Tools executable file.
  • Page 233 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing Epsilon Loader 1. Make sure the X-ray tube anode is not rotating. If necessary, brake it. 2. Connect the generator to the PC using a RS-232 data cable or USB printer cable, depending on the console. 3.

  • Page 234: Options Chip P/N 11037.Xxx

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.6.5.2 Options Chip P/N 11037.xxx 1. Make sure the generator is turned off at the mains line disconnect box. 2. Make sure the generator is completely discharged. 3. Refer to Section 7.6 to remove the Inverter boards (or Dummy board, if any) from positions # 2, 4 and 6.

  • Page 235: Theory Of Operation

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.7 THEORY OF OPERATION 7.7.1 Functional Blocks The following functional block diagrams are provided as a high level explanation of the principles of operation for the Epsilon HF High-Voltage generators. 7.7.1.1 kV Output Figure 7.38 Principles of Operation: Production & Control of Output kV. –...

  • Page 236: Power Supply

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.7.1.2 Power Supply Figure 7.39 Principles of Operation: Power Supply. – Console Power On and Off Function Two normally open momentary push button switches are used, one for power on and one for power off for the generator. •...

  • Page 237: Ma Control

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.7.1.3 mA Control Figure 7.40 Principles of Operation: mA Control. – 7.7.1.4 Filament Selection Figure 7.41 Principles of Operation: Filament Selection. – Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6 7-57...

  • Page 238: Description Of Aec Modes

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.7.2 Description of AEC Modes The generator provides two kinds of AEC modes regarding the management of the exposure backup time. The user decides of which way the generator works by setting or clearing a bit on PC Tools Program (Figure 7.42).

  • Page 239: Falling Load Mode

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing AEC Exposure using kV & Back-Up mAs factors 1. The value of kV comes from the exam and is keyboard modifiable by the user. 2. The value of BUT is derived from the ideal mAs time in the exam (2 time stations above T IDEAL by the generator and cannot be modified by the user.

  • Page 240: Generator Calibration And Configuration Data

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator In falling load mode, the normal mA/t calculator is used to determine mA max and mA min for exposure: τ Maximum mA for exposure of 0.7 * = mA (HIGH) Minimum mA for exposure => mA = mA (LOW) (HIGH)
  • Page 241 7. Troubleshooting & Servicing emd file data in the Client I/O firmware is stored with an overall check sum fixed at the time of data transfer from PC Tools. At power on and periodically during operation, the check sum is verified and if an error is detected a message displays on the console.

  • Page 242: Console Configuration & Communication

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 7.7.4 Console Configuration & Communication 7.7.4.1 PC & Generator Link Types (Epsilon PC Tools) Controller PC Tools Communication Between Laptop & Generator XRAY I/O µC µC RS-232 Console (CAN) Controller (Epsilon PC Tools) XRAY I/O µC µC Controller XRAY...

  • Page 243: Proprietary Canbus Communication Protocol

    7. Troubleshooting & Servicing 7.7.4.2 Proprietary CANBUS Communication Protocol Refer to Technical Manual Supplement P/N 11050.0008 in the electronic documentation CD. If necessary, contact emd technologies. 7.8 CONFIDENCE TEST Before leaving a site after an intervention, the service representative can perform the following tests to make sure the system works fine.
  • Page 244 EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK 7-64 Technical Manual P/N 9894.00.G6...

  • Page 245: Maintenance

    8.0 MAINTENANCE IN THIS CHAPTER : 8.1 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ........................8-2 8.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE ....................... 8-3 8.2.1 Periodic Cleaning........................8-3 8.2.2 Exposure Indicators........................8-3 8.2.2.1 RAD Exposure Indicators ....................8-3 8.2.2.2 “Deadman” Exposure Switch................... 8-3 8.2.2.3 Fluoro Indicators ........................ 8-4 8.2.2.4 X-Ray Disable Switch ......................

  • Page 246: Maintenance Schedule

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 8.1 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE A maintenance program is necessary to insure safe operation of the unit and to maintain the Epsilon generator specifications. See table below to ensure proper maintenance of the generator at regular time intervals. Table 89- Maintenance Schedule Time Interval...

  • Page 247: Maintenance Procedure

    8. Maintenance 8.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE 8.2.1 Periodic Cleaning Warning • Always switch off the mains power to the Epsilon generator and wait 5 minutes before cleaning. • Do not allow water or other liquids to enter the console or High-Voltage Power Supply unit since this may cause short circuits or corrosion.

  • Page 248: Fluoro Indicators

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 8.2.2.3 Fluoro Indicators Do Fluoro and verify that: 1. The EXP yellow lamp lights during Fluoro and turns off when the Fluoro footswitch is released. 2. The Fluoro Cumulated Timer functions. Make sure the timer stops when the Fluoro footswitch is released.

  • Page 249: Generator Data Backup

    8. Maintenance 8.2.3.5 Generator Data Backup The complete back up of the generator set-up data is held in 4 distinct files. Use the following procedure to obtain the complete backup of the generator. 1. Start the generator in Service mode by holding down WS1 key while switching on the power on the console.

  • Page 250: Validation Of Aec Mode

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 8.2.3.6 Validation of AEC Mode Perform this procedure to validate that the AEC mode is functional. l- Quick method 1. Set-up the following 3-point AEC exposure: near 100 kV, 500 mA and 1.0 BUT. 2. By reducing the collimator aperture or by introducing aluminum phantom into the X-ray beam, put enough filtration so that the exposure last for about 0.5 s.

  • Page 251: Packaging And Shipping Instructions

    8. Maintenance ii) The exposure starts: With the scope triggered on Main Gate rise the Ion Chamber signal must start near zero and rise linearly during the exposure (while Main Gate is HIGH) This signal must be about a straight line with a fixed slope and if so the exposure will stop when the signal reaches the value noted above (step 3).

  • Page 252: Parts Manual

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 8.4 PARTS MANUAL EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator Controller & Power Supply Ass'y (Generator Basket) P/N 9910.00 Dummy Inverter Jumper Board (0-3) Electronic Documentation (on CD) P/N 9930.00 P/N 10019.xxx X-ray Software P/N 9809.01 Tube Chart Library Epsilon PC Tools Client IO Software P/N 9814.xx...

  • Page 253: Installation Report

    9.0 INSTALLATION REPORT 9.1 GENERAL INFORMATION 9.1.1 Installation Information Installer name Site address Date of Start of Installation [ m / d / y ] Date of End of Installation [ m / d / y ] Acceptance Tests Start [ m / d / y ] [ m / d / y ] 9.1.2...

  • Page 254: Measurement Devices

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 9.1.4 Measurement Devices Multi meter Manufacturer Model Serial N°: Last Calibration Date Oscilloscope Manufacturer Model Serial N°: Last Calibration Date X-ray Dosimeter Manufacturer Model Serial N°: Last Calibration Date Ion Chamber Probe Manufacturer Model Serial N°: Last Calibration Date mAs meter Manufacturer...

  • Page 255: Epsilon Configuration

    9. Installation Report 9.3 EPSILON CONFIGURATION 9.3.1 Generator Configuration 9.3.1.1 Workstation Configuration General Anode/Exp. Switch AEC Control Exp. Types Name: _________ Speed _____ Source: ______ 3- pts Continuance _____ Tube R-X 1 2-pts Wks Enabled AEC-mA J12 Switch Fields Default Wks AEC-mAs J2 Switch Fluoro Enabled...

  • Page 256: Fluoro Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator RAD Frame Rate Configuration Table Frame Rate selection per WKS Available Frame Rates Availability for all workstations: FR1 = _________ FR2 = _________ FR3 = _________ FR4= _________ FR5 = _________ FR6 = _________ FR7 = _________ 9.3.1.2 Fluoro Configuration General...

  • Page 257: Input Configuration

    9. Installation Report 9.3.1.3 Input Configuration Input Assignation Workstation Fluoro J14- 2 J14- 3 J14- 4 J14- 5 J15A-2 J15A-3 J15A-4 J15A-5 J15B-2 J15B-3 + J3A-2 + J3A-3 + J3A-4 + J3A-5 & J3-1 & J3-2 + : On Fluoro PMT Board P/N 9822.00 &...

  • Page 258: Output Configuration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 9.3.1.4 Output Configuration Output Assignation Workstation Fluoro J14- 7 J14- 8 J14- 9 J15A-7 J15A- 8 J15B-1 J15B-5 J15B-6 + J3A- 7 + J3A-8 + J3B-1 + J3B-5 & J3-4 & J3-5 (LFB) J7- 1 & 2 (K1-K8) + : On Fluoro PMT Board P/N 9822.00 &...

  • Page 259: Initial Turn-On

    9. Installation Report 9.4 INITIAL TURN-ON 9.4.1 Preliminary Generator Power-On Test (Section 4.1) Pass Fail 9.4.2 Exposure Test Verification System Not Calibrated : Exposure Test Verification [Section 5.1.2] Exposure Measured values Tube loading range Test 50 kV 45.5 ≤ kV ≤ 54.5 ______ kV Pass ( ) Fail ( )

  • Page 260: Field Calibration

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 9.5 FIELD CALIBRATION 9.5.1 X-ray Tube Calibration (Section 5.2) Completed Failed 9.5.2 Fluoroscopic Maximum Entrance Exposure Rate Continuous Fluoro [Section 5.4] Parameter Value Maximum mA (Low Level) Maximum mA (Normal Level) Pulsed Fluoro [Section 5.4] Parameter Value Maximum mA (Low Level) Pulsed width (Low Level)

  • Page 261: Image Aec/Brightness Devices

    9. Installation Report Control Device Fluoro Adjustment (1 thru 100%): D/A device Gain set to Low Fluoro : _________ High Fluoro : _________ Potentiometers Low Fluoro : R ____ High Fluoro : R ____ Ion Chamber # __ Low Fluoro : : ______ High Fluoro : : ______...

  • Page 262: Field Selection/Integrator Reset (Section 5.7.1)

    EPS 45-80 High-Voltage Generator 9.5.5 Field Selection/Integrator Reset (Section 5.7.1) Control Voltage Volts Integrator High Reset Polarity 9.5.6 Film Screen Combinations/ AEC Feedback Gain (Section 5.7.2) Ion Chamber 1 Ion Chamber 2 Ion Chamber 3 Slow Med. Fast Slow Med. Fast Fast Med.

Table of Contents

Save PDF