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Zonge GDP-32II Instruction Manual

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6. RECEIVER SETUP
6.1 CALIBRATION .......................................................................... 2
6.2 SYNCHRONIZING TIMING CIRCUITS............................. 14
6.3 MEASURING CONTACT RESISTANCE ............................ 27
6.5 GAINS ........................................................................................ 29
6.6 BITS OF RESOLUTION ......................................................... 38
MT/AMT ............................................................. 2
................................................................................. 5
................................................................................ 6
................................................................................................ 9
....................................................................... 11
XMT............................................................................. 20
............................................................................. 21
.............................................................................. 29
............................................................................... 29
.............................................................................................. 30
............................................................. 3
................................................ 9
.............................................................. 11
................................. 14
......................................... 17
XMT-32 (MULTI/SY-16)............................ 26
............................................ 33
........................................................ 34
............................................................ 34
.......................................................... 36
............................................................. 36
.................................................. 36
.......................................................... 37
............................................... 37
: 23
: . 25
May 2002

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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    6. RECEIVER SETUP 6.1 CALIBRATION ................2 MT/AMT ............. 2 PECIAL NSTRUCTIONS ............. 3 NITIALIZING THE ALIBRATION ACHE ................. 5 TARTING A ALIBRATION ................6 UTOMATIC ALIBRATION ..........9 TOPPING A ALIBRATION HILE ROGRESS ....................9 YSTEM HECK .............. 11 UALITIES OF A ALIBRATION ...............

  • Page 2: Calibration

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL CALIBRATION Calibration routines are generic for all Field Survey Programs. Calibrations are initiated from each Survey Program’s Data Acquisition Screen. Calibration data are stored in the survey program’s calibration cache and automatically applied to all acquired survey data. Calibrations are made for two reasons: To remove amplitude change and phase shift from the measured results due to anti-alias and powerline notch filters.

  • Page 3: Initializing The Calibration Cache

    RECEIVER SETUP INITIALIZING THE CALIBRATION CACHE It is good field practice to initialize the Survey Program Calibration Cache before performing a calibration. This avoids confusion about the most recent calibration. For example: Yesterday, a calibration was run from 0.125 to 8192 Hz. Today, a calibration was run from 1 to 8192 Hz.
  • Page 4 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL 5. Select the survey program calibration cache to be initialized. 6. The following warning appears: VER 320 Current:Field Data Remaining:3388KB WARNING: The contents of this calibrate Cache will be INITIALIZED To proceed, press Continue To abort, press Escape 7.

  • Page 5: Starting A Calibration

    RECEIVER SETUP STARTING A CALIBRATION NOTE: A summary of the Calibration procedure is located in the Section 4 - Quick Start. From the Program Menu, select the Survey Program to calibrate. Proceed to the Data Acquisition Screen. Select the lowest frequency, cycles and the notch filter. NOTE: The notch filter to be used for the survey must be selected before starting the calibration.

  • Page 6: Automatic Calibration

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION Ensure that the starting frequency is set at the desired values for the calibration. The calibration can be started at any frequency. Zonge recommends beginning 0151 RPIP0613 11.7 26 Jan 00 20:32:16 Survey D-D calibration at the lowest survey frequency 700N 60, 5 to be used.
  • Page 7 RECEIVER SETUP ANALOG I/O PANEL PATCH PANEL CALIBRATOR CASE CAL+ CAL- CASE INPUT CHANNELS 1-6 ANALOG I/O ISO/I Isolation Amplifier Figure 6.1 - Wiring for an external calibration – large case with Patch Panel using an isolation amplifier on the reference channel. Use an internal calibration for standard operations.
  • Page 8 This process is repeated until the maximum frequency has been calibrated. The program then returns to the starting frequency and exits the automatic calibration mode. Zonge recommends immediately performing a system check (see Section 6, page 10) at any frequency to spot-check the automatic calibration.

  • Page 9: Stopping A Calibration While In Progress

    RECEIVER SETUP STOPPING A CALIBRATION WHILE IN PROGRESS NOTE: To avoid confusion, Zonge strongly recommends that the entire calibration be performed in one continuous sequence, rather than in segments. If a problem arises that requires the calibration to be prematurely aborted, it is recommended that the entire sequence be repeated after resolving the issue.
  • Page 10 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL 3. To check the calibration for a single frequency, select , “System check” from the Calibration Screen. 0151 RPIP0613 11.7 26 Jan 00 20:31:50 Survey D-D The system check is performed one 700N 60, 5 frequency at a time. After each 1 Hz 16 Cycles Tx Curr...

  • Page 11: Qualities Of A Good Calibration

    2. Recalibrate the receiver, and dump this file to the personal computer (See Sections 6.1, 7.6). 3. Process the data through the Zonge SHRED program, and provide both the good and bad calibration files. SHRED will remove the bad calibration and renormalize the data with the good calibration.
  • Page 12 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL Table 6.1 - Examples of Good RPIP Calibration Values Note: Values vary from board to board, depending upon components and filters. Magnitudes are normalized to the magnitude at the lowest calibration frequency; phases are in milliradians. NOTCH FILTER SELECTION Frequency None 60/180 Hz...
  • Page 13 RECEIVER SETUP Initial State: signal frequency from Transmitter Controller receiver and controller crystals are different Receiver After Triming Oscillator: signal frequencies are now the same but are out of Phase by After Pressing RESET on XMT: receiver and controller divider chains are now at same frequency and in phase synchronization...

  • Page 14: Synchronizing Timing Circuits

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING TIMING CIRCUITS FREQUENCY ADJUST AND SYNCHRONIZING OPERATIONS The timing circuits of the XMT-32 and the GDP-32 are comprised of an ultra-stabilized 4.980736 MHz oscillator and a digital counter chain providing a binary sequence of frequency divisions. Frequencies on the XMT-32 Transmitter Controller are selectable from a push-button panel switch.
  • Page 15 RECEIVER SETUP Figure 6.3 – Connecting the GDP-32 Receiver and XMT-32 Transmitter Controller for synchronization. Section 6, Page 15 May 2002...
  • Page 16 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL ANALOG I/O PANEL CALIBRATOR CASE CAL+ CAL- INPUT CHANNELS 1-6 ANALOG I/O TRANSMITTER CONTROLLER Figure 6.4(a) - Wiring for verifying synchronization to a small case GDP-32 CAL+ CAL- CASE CALIBRATOR INPUT CHANNELS 1-8 CH 2 CH 1 ANALOG I/O INPUT CHANNELS 9-16...

  • Page 17: Synchronizing The Transmitter And Receiver

    RECEIVER SETUP SYNCHRONIZING THE TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER The GDP-32 receiver and XMT-32 Transmitter Controller have identical crystal oscillators and circuitry for dividing the crystal frequency into a set of precise, selectable, operational frequencies. For synchronous operation, the two oscillators must be equal in frequency to provide an absolute phase reference.
  • Page 18 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL 6. Press Enter ZONGE ENGINEERING 11.8 04 Jan 18 16:38:23 GDP32II320 Turn on XMT and GDP. Then wait 1 hour. Set XMT to 1 Hz and 100% DUTY CYCLE. 7. Continue follow screen instructions external ZONGE ENGINEERING 11.0 04 Jan 18 16:38:37 connections: (see Figure 6.4)
  • Page 19 RECEIVER SETUP 9. To electronically adjust the crystal frequency of the GDP-32 to match that of the XMT- 32 use the cursor control keys and follow the instructions on the display: While adjusting the frequency of either instrument, the XMT-32 phase meter needle should come to rest near the center of the meter, where it is most sensitive to...

  • Page 20: Manually Trim The Xmt

    7. If the PHASE needle does not stop after setting the crystal adjustment on the GDP-32 mid-range and manually trimming the XMT-32 oscillator, it is necessary to adjust the crystals in either the GDP-32 or XMT-32. Consult Zonge Engineering before attempting this procedure. May 2002 Section 6, Page 20...

  • Page 21: Losing Synchronization

    RECEIVER SETUP LOSING SYNCHRONIZATION Synchronization can be LOST in the following circumstances: Turning off power Losing battery power to either the transmitter controller or the receiver Re-adjusting the OSC TRIM pot on the transmitter controller Malfunction of the timing chain, crystal heater, crystal, timing boards, etc. The GDP-32 or XMT-32 receives a sharp jolt Synchronization is NOT LOST under the following circumstances:...
  • Page 22 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL Master Master Slave Receiver Controller Slave Slave Slave MULTI/SY-16 "Sync Box" Master Slave Master Slave Receiver Receiver Receiver Receiver adjust adjust oscillator oscillator Sync Box Sync Box Transmitter Transmitter Controller Controller Master Slave Receiver Receiver Sync Box press reset Transmitter...

  • Page 23: Synchronizing Multiple Receivers With The Multi/Sy-16 Sync. Box

    1. Obtain a MULTI/SY-16 Sync Box (Figure 6.5(a)) and extra synchronization cables (one per receiver) from Zonge Engineering. Designate one receiver as master and the rest as slave receivers. 2. Connect a synchronization cable between the Transmitter I/O port of the master GDP receiver and the transmitter controller's I/O port, as shown in Figure 6.5(b).
  • Page 24 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL SC-8 Serial Input Transmitter I/O GDP-4 GDP-3 GDP-2 GDP-1 XMT-32S MULT/SY-32 Sync Box Transmitter Controller Figure 6.6 (a) - MULT/SY-32 Synchronization Box Figure 6.6 (b) - Synchronizing a system of multiple receivers May 2002 Section 6, Page 24...

  • Page 25: Synchronizing Multiple Receivers With The Mult/Sy-32 Sync. Box

    RECEIVER SETUP SYNCHRONIZING MULTIPLE RECEIVERS WITH THE MULT/SY-32 SYNC. BOX: Up to four GDP-32 receivers can be synchronized to a single XMT-32 with the MULT/SY-32 Sync Box using the following procedure: 1. Connect all GDP-32 s to be synchronized to the Transmitter I/O port on the MULT/SY- 32 Sync Box (Figure 6.6(a)), using synchronization cables as shown in Figure 6.6(b).

  • Page 26: Synchronizing An Additional Xmt-32 (Multi/Sy-16)

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING AN ADDITIONAL XMT-32 (MULTI/SY-16) An additional XMT-32 can be synchronized along with the rest of the equipment by using the following procedure: 1. Adjust each receiver individually, using the master transmitter controller as shown in Figure 6.5 (b) and (c). 2.

  • Page 27: Measuring Contact Resistance

    (Refer to the different survey program sections for instructions on connecting wires to the receiver.) Zonge Engineering recommends measuring the contact resistance between the potential electrodes (pots) and the ground before acquiring data. A contact resistance measurement provides information on the status of the pots.

  • Page 28: Setting The Powerline Notch Filter

    CuSO .) In dry ground, it may be necessary to use two pots hooked in parallel to lower the resistance. Zonge also manufactures potential electrode amplifiers (APOT) for use where the contact resistance cannot be reduced sufficiently by passive means.

  • Page 29: Gains

    RECEIVER SETUP GAINS HOW GAINS ARE DEFINED There are two ways of expressing gains in the GDP-32 : as a multiplier, and as a binary gain number. Gains are expressed by the relation G = 2 (where “G” is actual multiplicative gain, and “g”...

  • Page 30: Setting Gains

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL NOTE: The Attenuator should not be used at frequencies above 32 Hz unless an external calibration is made with the attenuators IN. NOTE: If the front-end gain state (G0) is enabled, then above in paragraph 3, where gain stage G1 is mentioned should read “G0 and then G1”...
  • Page 31 RECEIVER SETUP Option 6 – Turn OFF (or ON) noisy gain mode Noisy Gain mode: (default setting – except for TEM) Works with automatic gain ranging Permits a maximum signal of ±1.0 volts (providing headspace for SP drift) Puts the Gains into the second stage first (G2) and then adjusts the Gain of the first stage (G1), if necessary.
  • Page 32 GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL Definition of Signal Voltage V a) Clean field signal b) Noisy field signal c) Very noisy field signal d) Signal with SP drift Figure 6.7 - Definition of signal strength for purposes of setting receiver gains. May 2002 Section 6, Page 32...

  • Page 33: Option 1 - Fully Automatic Gain-Setting

    RECEIVER SETUP OPTION 1 – FULLY AUTOMATIC GAIN-SETTING In the fully automatic gain-setting mode, the receiver automatically reviews all parameters and sets gains more efficiently and effectively than any other method. Always use this option for normal field surveys. Features Adjusts SP and sets Gains automatically, without specific instructions, each time frequency, transmitter current, Rx, Tx, N, station number, powerline notch filter or delay (for TEM) are changed and data collection is started.

  • Page 34: Option 2 - Automatic Gain Setting

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL Select . The receiver returns to the Data Acquisition Screen. If the receiver is NOT in fully automatic mode, Option 1 reads: 1) Turn on full automatic mode OPTION 2 – AUTOMATIC GAIN SETTING Automatic gain setting mode is used primarily to adjust the signal level without actually taking data.
  • Page 35 RECEIVER SETUP 8. Zero the SP (press 9. Manually gain the GDP-32 It is best not to manually adjust G1 without an oscilloscope. Confine adjustments to G2. Increment gain stage G2 until the signal level is just below ±2 volts (needle ±20 on meter), or until the maximum gain (64) is reached. 10.

  • Page 36: Option 4 - Clearing Gains And Sp

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL OPTION 4 – CLEARING GAINS AND SP In addition to automatic and manual gain setting, the operator can set all gains to unity with the gain-setting routine. 1. From the Data Acquisition Screen, press to view the gain setting menu. 2.

  • Page 37: Option 7 - Set Number Of Repeats

    RECEIVER SETUP Press to enable NOISY gain mode. The receiver then returns to the Data Acquisition screen. The NOISY gain mode can be used with either the fully automatic or manually initiated automatic gain modes (Options 1 and 2.) The receiver adjusts gains automatically as in Options 1 and 2, but the maximum allowable signal is ±1.0 volt.

  • Page 38: Bits Of Resolution

    GDP-32 INSTRUCTION MANUAL BITS OF RESOLUTION NOTE: This section is provided mainly for those operators that want to use the manual mode for setting gains. The automatic modes provide for maximum resolution in their algorithms. It is important to utilize as much of the 16-bit A/D resolution as possible when using the GDP- .
  • Page 39 RECEIVER SETUP Table 6.2 - Bits of Resolution of the GDP-32 Receiver B' = B + g0 + g1 + g2 + a B' is bits of resolution B is the unity-gain bits in this Table g0, g1 and g2 are binary gains of the three gain stages a =-3 if the attenuator is IN, a=0 if it is OUT V is the peak voltage measured on the oscilloscope Unity-Gain Bits...

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