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This operating manual describes the technical specifications and operating principles of Fourier Spectrometer IROS 05 (hereinafter, the spectrometer). The spectrometer may only be operated by the specialists, who have read this manual, are qualified to work on electrical devices up to 1 000 V and briefed on workplace safety rules. The spectrometer involves operations with hazardous 220 V 50 Hz currents, as well as hazardous and harmful chemical compounds.
The spectrometer software helps perform quantitative and qualitative analysis of received spectra, print, process and carry out other activities with them. Full spectrometer name: Fourier Spectrometer IROS 05 TU 4434-801-59962935-08. Please, see spectrometer operating conditions in Table 1. Spectrometer's electromagnetic interference resistance complies with GOST 30804.6.1-2013, and radiated interference with GOST 30804.6.3-2013.
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Table 3. Spectrometer specification Parameter Value Wavenumber operating range (with the ZnSe beam splitter for high 550-5500 cm humidity operations) Zero level limits 480-5700 cm Systemic ±0.05 cm Peak position measurement error Random ±0.02 cm 600-800 cm ≤ 0.7% 800-2000 cm ≤...
Spectrometer operating principles and exterior Operating principles In terms of its operating principles, spectrometer IROS 05 is classified as a modulation spectrometric device. Instead of using optical dispersing elements (prisms, diffraction gratings, etc.) to split the radiation into spectral components, devices of this class use an optical moving element to modulate the radiation flow and then perform electro- mathematical processing of the signal from the optical detector that records this modulated radiation as an interferogram.
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where x is the path difference. In this case, the modulation depth for all wavelengths will be the same, while the modulation frequency is different for different wavelengths: where V is the moving element speed. The energy flow δI, striking the detector within the interval from σ to σ + dσ, where dσ is the device resolution limit, will equal to: By integrating across the entire spectrum, we get the complete flow I striking the detector:...
Spectrometer exterior Designations on the device photos: 1. the Power light 2. the Scan light 3. peripheral equipment connection ports 4. sample compartment 5. MCT detector compartment cover 6. spectrum recording control buttons Note: The photo displays the device in basic configuration. See Section 6 for the additional equipment included in the package.
Intended use Before turning on Release the spectrometer from its factory package carefully and without turning it upside down. Open the cell holder and remove the items from inside the holder. Check the contents of the device delivery as per Table 2. Check the device for any visible damage. Place the device in its permanent operating position.
You may update your software through the Internet by clicking the Check for updates command in the spectrum field context menu. You can also find this command on the User Manual button menu. You can update the User Manual in the same menu. ZaIR 3.5 supports Windows XP, 7, 8 and 10 operating systems.
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The panel right shows the Number of Scans (or accumulations) set for spectrum acquisition. If a scan (interferogram) meets the maximum position restrictions, then it is used for spectrum calculation. The spectra for serial scans are averaged and the result is displayed on the screen.
Device signal. The spectrum recording technique only involves the Current Transmittance Spectrum option available in the button drop-down menu. If the option is on, you can monitor the sample spectrum changes online and choose the recording spectrum that fits your needs. Note: You can also find the Background Spectrum, Sample Spectrum and Current Transmittance Spectrum control buttons on the device top panel and use them instead of the software buttons.
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Figure 4. ZaIR 3.5 software window Each list also has a Read on the fly option (the button with a butterfly icon). If it is on, the spectrum opens immediately after you select the line a closes when the selection shifts to another line.
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Logical folders also contain spectra but their view depends on the folder type. Each list is shown as a table with columns of various content. E.g., the search results have a column that show the match rate between the selected spectrum and sample, and the search library list shows the number of recordings and the spectral band for them.
Spectrum identification ZaIR 3.5 allows for identifying compounds by their IR spectra, name or other data by searching the spectrum libraries (libraries are not part of the system and are supplied separately). Click on the Spectrum Search button or press F5 to start searching an open spectrum.
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Figure 5. Mixture search results The first line refers to the mathematically built mixture spectrum. The multiplier for each component corresponds to its quantity in the mixture in relation to a pure sample. The total of this multiplier can be unequal to 1. Further, the brackets contain a scaled component ratio in %.
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Figure 6. Peak (band) search conditions Search for Mixtures only takes into account the peaks in the comparison spectrum. If some of the query peaks are absent from the comparison spectrum, they do not affect the general evaluation. This works if your query refers to a mixture and contains many peaks from the different substance spectra.
The last tab, Library, is for setting the libraries for search. First, indicate the ones available on the computer or local network. To do so, click the Add button, find the library file folder, mark the files and click the Open button. The Delete button, on the contrary, excludes marked libraries from the list (however, they are not deleted from the drive and can be added later).
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You can zoom in and out using the green arrows on the View panel. They squeeze or expand the spectrum scale along each axis separately. The Fit curve button change the scale in a way fit the first curve in the window with a maximum zoom. A double click on a curve has a similar effect, however, without changing the horizontal scale.
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Figure 8. Selecting a peak without caption A peak height is usually measured from the summit to the base along the vertical axis. However, if the broken base line edit mode is on (see Edit mode), the height is measured to the base line.
Search range. Enables the curtains that determine the spectrum range for the search and some other spectrum operations. You can drag the curtain edges with the mouse, their precise position can be set in the X, Y ranges window. The menu and the View toolbar also have buttons that let you zoom out or in each axis. Additionally, the Fit Y button fits the visible section of the first curve vertically in the window.
Function curve. Opens a function curve-plotting window (polynomial, δ function, Lorenz function, sine, sinc) with arbitrary parameters. For a polynomial, if there is an open curve, it can be approximated with a polynomial of a given degree. The list also has the apodization functions used in interferogram processing.
Figure 10. Calibration peak selection You can adjust the peak height where necessary (see Section 3.5). Then use the + point to calibration command (see the button on the toolbar or in the Edit menu) to add the peak height and relevant concentration data to the calibration chart. Repeat the operation for all sample spectra.
There are two ways to add a spectrum to a library. The first one, open your spectrum, click the Add to library button, then select the library where you want to store your spectrum. You can only add spectra to user libraries, so you should create one beforehand. A library cannot contain same spectra, so your attempt to add the same spectrum twice will result in an error message.
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5. Fault: weak signal. Manifestation: a recorded spectrum looks rather unusual, the monitored signal level is notably below 130 000 ADC units. Possible causes: (a) error switching to the non-operating ADC channel, (b) spectrometer add-on or optical part pollution, misalignment. Remedies: Check whether a correct channel number is set (see Recording settings), set a different number where necessary.
Spectrometer calibration Calibration is a procedure for calculating main spectrometer parameters and comparing them with the values specified by the manufacturer. Calibration confirms that the device can be used as an infrared spectrum measuring tool. The device is calibrated while commissioning, after a repair, an upgrade, and periodically at least once every two years.
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At the second step, the spectrometer is tested by recording a polystyrene spectrum and comparing it with the reference. First record a reference spectrum with the cell holder empty, then you will be prompted to place the reference polystyrene film in the cell holder and click the Record film spectrum button.
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The resolving capacity and peak position measuring precision are assessed at the next step: This measurement is the most time-consuming and can take a few minutes. Its results are entered in the parameter list. At the final step, click the Ready button to get the calibration protocol.
Maintenance, storage, and transportation The spectrometer maintenance operations are removing dust form the optical part surfaces. This is to be done once a year with a douche and with the cover open. In case of a longtime break in operation, close the spectrometer with a dust-proof jacket.
Device accessories: built-on Attenuated total Reflection (ATR) and Specular-Diffuse Reflection (SDR) block Figure 12. Built in FTIR-ATR and SDR block Figure 12 shows a block for measuring attenuated total reflection and specular-diffuse reflection spectra. It consists of a hold-down (1), FTIR and SDR flange seats, the seat shown covered with a plug flange (2) in Figure 12.
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The FTIR mode requires that you turn the hold-down in the non-operating position (90° counterclockwise), remove the plug flange and replace it with the ATR flange (Fig. 13). The ATR flange-locking pin (1) has to fit in its hole in the seat rim. Remove the Background spectrum.
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