NR Electric PCS-978 Instruction Manual

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PCS-978

Transformer Relay

Instruction Manual

NR Electric Co., Ltd.

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Page 1 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Instruction Manual NR Electric Co., Ltd.
Page 3 Documentation for equipment ordered from NR Electric Co., Ltd. is dispatched separately from manufactured goods and may not be received at the same time. Therefore this guide is provided to ensure that printed information normally present on equipment is fully understood by the recipient.
Page 4 Do not touch the exposed terminals of this equipment while the power is on, as the high voltage generated is dangerous  Residual voltage Hazardous voltage can be present in the DC circuit just after switching off the power supply. It takes a few seconds for the voltage to discharge. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 5  Connection cable Carefully handle the connection cable without applying excessive force. Copyright Version: 2.04 NR ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 69 Suyuan Avenue. Jiangning, Nanjing 211102, China P/N: EN_YJBH5100.0086.0205 Tel: +86-25-87178185, Fax: +86-25-87178208 Website: www.nrelect.com, www.nari-relays.com Copyright ©...
Page 6 Preface PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 7 Introduce PCS-Explorer software briefly, and list input signals, output signals and signals of intermediate variable element for programmable. 10 Communication Introduce the communication port and protocol which this relay can support, the IEC60970-5-103, IEC61850 and DNP3.0 protocols are introduced in details. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 8 & AND gate ≥1 OR gate Comparator Binary signal via opto-coupler Input signal from comparator with setting I> Input signal of logic setting for function enabling Input of binary signal except those signals via opto-coupler PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 9 Timer [delay pickup (10ms), delay dropoff (0ms), non-settable] [t1] Timer (t1: delay pickup, settable) [t2] Timer (t2: delay dropoff, settable) [t1] [t2] Timer (t1: delay pickup, t2: delay dropoff, settable) IDMT Timer (inverse-time characteristic) Instrument current transformer Instrument voltage transformer PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 10 Preface PCS-978 Transformer Relay VIII Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 11: Table Of Contents
1.3.17 Thermal Overload Protection ................... 1-13 1.3.18 Measurement ........................1-14 List of Figures Figure 1.1-1 2-winding and 3-winding applications ..............1-2 Figure 1.1-2 Autotransformer applications ................1-3 Figure 1.2-1 Function diagram 1 for protecting a three-winding transformer ...... 1-5 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 12 Figure 1.2-2 Function diagram 2 for protecting an auto-transformer ........1-6 Figure 1.2-3 Function diagram 3 for protecting a reactor ............1-6 List of Tables Table 1.2-1 Protective functions in PCS-978 ................1-4 Table 1.2-2 Miscellaneous functions in PCS-978 ..............1-6 PCS-978 Transformer Relay...
Page 13: Application
1 Introduction 1.1 Application PCS-978 is a microprocessor-based relay designed for the protection of a two-winding transformer, three-winding transformer or auto-transformer in any voltage level, protection of a shunt reactor, which provides up to 36 analog input channels including current and voltage inputs.
Page 14: Figure 1.1-1 2-Winding And 3-Winding Applications
(f) 3-winding power transformer with 2 circuit (c) 2-winding power transformer 2 two circuit breakers on two sides breakers on two sides (g) 3-winding power transformer with 2 circuit breakers on each side Figure 1.1-1 2-winding and 3-winding applications PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-12-08...
Page 15: Figure 1.1-2 Autotransformer Applications
(c) autotransformer with 2 circuit breakers (f) autotransformer with 2 circuit breakers on two on two sides sides and 1 circuit breaker on the other one side (g) autotransformer with 2 circuit breakers on each side Figure 1.1-2 Autotransformer applications PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 16: Functions
1.2 Functions  Protective Functions Protective functions of PCS-978 are listed in the following table NOTE! The protective functions listed in following table are equipped for standard PCS-978, the functions can be configured according to user request. Table 1.2-1 Protective functions in PCS-978...
Page 17: Figure 1.2-1 Function Diagram 1 For Protecting A Three-Winding Transformer
62PD DT, IDMT 7/87DT DT, IDMT 64REF PoleDisag THEM OC Alarm NegOC 50/87UT DIFF TempProt (26) DT, IDMT DT, IDMT  ZPP, ZPG 81U,81O UF,OF Figure 1.2-1 Function diagram 1 for protecting a three-winding transformer PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 18: Figure 1.2-2 Function Diagram 2 For Protecting An Auto-Transformer
Figure 1.2-3 Function diagram 3 for protecting a reactor  Miscellaneous functions Miscellaneous functions are listed in the following table, such as measurement, self-supervision and oscillography, communication functions, and etc. Table 1.2-2 Miscellaneous functions in PCS-978 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-12-08...
Page 19 (alarm Input and output NO(normally open) and fail NC(normally closed)) 11 signal output contacts (NO) Up to 22 output contacts (NO) for tripping (Specified when order) 10 setting groups are available PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 20: Features
 Configurable Function Modules of PCS-978 equipment adopt intelligent design, amount of input and output modules and module slot position are configurable. User can increase or decrease the amount of AC input module, binary input module and binary output module, and terminals of those modules can be defined according to actual requirement.
Page 21: Transformer Current Differential Protection
During transformer energization, △→Y transfer method is used to adjust phase angle of secondary current on each side of the transformer, and thus the faulty and healthy phase can possess its characteristic. Therefore, restraint current and differential current can be PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 22: Restricted Earth Fault Protection
Inrush current has no effect on winding differential protection.  Winding differential protection has high sensitivity to internal earth faults because there is no load current in the restraint current.  The tap of transformer has no effect on winding differential protection. 1-10 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-12-08...
Page 23: Reactor Current Differential Protection
Inter-turn fault protection is blocked by CT and VT circuit failure. 1.3.7 Overexcitation Protection  Voltage for protection calculation is RMS of three phase voltages and not affected by frequency fluctuation.  Overexcitation multiple is calculated by voltage and frequency. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 1-11 Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 24: Mechanical Protection
1.3.12 Ground Overcurrent Protection  Four-stage ground overcurrent protection with independent logic, current and time delay settings.  Stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 are definite-time characteristic, stage 4 can be selected as 1-12 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-12-08...
Page 25: Negative-Sequence Overcurrent Protection
1.3.16 Undervoltage Protection  Four-stage definite-time undervoltage protection with independent voltage and time delay settings.  The rate of change of voltage blocking function is equipped. 1.3.17 Thermal Overload Protection Thermal overload protection has following functions: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 1-13 Date: 2012-10-08...
Page 26: Introduction
NOTE! Users muse declare current value calculation for thermal overload protection, fundamental current or 1 to 7 harmonic current before making an order. 1.3.18 Measurement  Energy metering (active and reactive energy are calculated) 1-14 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-12-08...
Page 27: Table Of Contents
2.6 Certifications ....................2-7 2.7 Protective Functions ..................2-8 2.7.1 Transformer Current Differential Protection ................. 2-8 2.7.2 Restricted Earth Fault Protection ..................2-9 2.7.3 Winding Differential Protection ................... 2-10 2.7.4 Reactor Differential Protection ................... 2-10 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 28 2.7.15 Undervoltage Protection ....................2-16 2.7.16 Thermal Overload Protection ................... 2-16 2.7.17 Breaker Failure Initiation ....................2-17 2.7.18 Pole Disagreement Protection ..................2-17 2.7.19 Phase Overcurrent Alarm Element .................. 2-17 2.7.20 Residual Overvoltage Alarm Element ................2-18 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 29 Digital substation <40W @ Quiescent condition without binary input signals NOTE! Following table list burden of each part of PCS-978 device, user can calculate burden of device according to the actual hardware configuration, after calculate the total burden of each module.
Page 30 0.35W is reduced) Chassis+Bus+HMI module NOTE! “*”: NR1301T is the power module of PCS-978 device, the burden of which is not a fixed value but related to the burden of other modules. After all other parts burden are added to get a value and then the value is divided by 0.8 to get the total burden of device.
Page 31 10,000 operations minimum NOTE! Signal output contacts include watchdog contacts. NOTE! Tripping output contacts are not connected to trip circuit breakers directly. They are connected to interposing relays or lockout relays contacts which are connected to trip PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 32 IP40, up to IP51 (With cover) Other sides IP30 Rear side, connection terminals IP20 NOTE! Following table list weight of each module of PCS-978 device, user can calculate weight of device according to the actual hardware configuration. Module Description Module Type Weight(kg)
Page 33 <100m <2km (1310nm) Protocol IEC 60870-5-103:1997, DNP 3.0 or IEC 61850 Safety level Isolation to ELV level 2.4.3 Optical Fibre Port 2.4.3.1 For Station Level Characteristic Glass optical fiber Connector type Fibre type Multi mode PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 34 IEC60068-2-2:2007 Damp heat test, cyclic Per IEC60068-2-30:2005 2.5.2 Mechanical Tests Vibration IEC 60255-21-1:1988 Class I Shock and bump IEC 60255-21-2:1988 Class I 2.5.3 Electrical Tests Standard IEC 60255-27:2005 Dielectric tests Test voltage 2kV, 50Hz, 1min PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 35 V, 100kHz & 1MHz–100A/m IEC60255-11: 2008 Auxiliary power supply Voltage dips: Up to 500ms for dips to 40% of rated voltage without reset performance Voltage short interruptions: 100ms for interruption without rebooting 2.6 Certifications  ISO9001: 2008 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 36 Slope 1 setting [87T.Slope1] 0.1~0.9, steps 0.001 Slope 2 setting [87T.Slope2] 0.1~0.9, steps 0.001 Slope 3 setting [87T.Slope3] 0.1~0.9, steps 0.001 harmonic setting for inrush current 0.05~0.3, steps 0.001 [87T.K_Hm2_Inrush] harmonic setting for inrush current 0.05~0.3, steps 0.001 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 37 Pickup up setting [64REF.I_Biased] 0.05 ~ 5In, 0.001In steps Time delay setting [64REF.Slope] 0~20s, 0.001s steps Restraint slope setting [64REF.t_Op] 0.20~0.75. steps 0.001 ≤5% of operating current or 0.02×In, whichever is Tolerance of operating current PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 38 0.05 ~ 20pu, 0.001pu steps ≤2.5% of setting or 0.02pu, whichever is greater Tolerance of current setting ≥95% Drop-off to pickup ratio 50Hz: ≤ 20ms( Id>1.5x[87R.I_Instant]) Operating time 60Hz: ≤ 20ms( Id>1.5x[87R.I_Instant]) ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 39 [26.Tmax(min)_Transducer], [26.T_Trp(Alm)] Time setting [26.t_Op(Alm)] 0.01~4800s, 0.001s steps ≤0.5%x([26.Tmax_Transducer]-[26.Tmin_Transducer]) Tolerance of temperature setting [26.T_Trp(Alm)] ≥95%x([26.T_Trp]-[26.Tmin_Transducer]) Drop-off to pickup ratio ≤1% + 40ms (at 1.5 times temperature setting) Tolerance of time setting ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 40 0.0~20s, 0.001s steps Exponent alpha [50/51P4.Alpha] 0.02~5, 0.001 steps ≤2.5% of operating time or 30ms, whichever is Operating time of IDMT OC greater(for current between 1.2 and 20 multiples of pickup) ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-12 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 41 0.05~3.2, 0.001 steps Minimum delay setting [50/51G4.tmin] 0.0~20s, 0.001s steps Constant K [50/51G4.K] 0.0~120, 0.001 steps Constant C [50/51G4.C] 0.0~20s, 0.001s steps ≤2.5% of operating time or 30ms, whichever is Operating time of IDMT ROC PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 42 0.0~120, 0.001 steps Constant C [50/51Q2.C] 0.0~20s, 0.001s steps ≤2.5% of operating time or 30ms, whichever is Operating time of IDMT NegOC greater(for negative-sequence current between 1.2 and 20 multiples of pickup) ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-14 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 43 Operating time of instantaneous ROV 60Hz: ≤30ms (at 1.2 times voltage setting) Time delay setting [59G1.t_Op] 0s~3600s, 0.001s steps ≤1% of setting +30ms (at 1.2 times voltage setting) Tolerance of time setting of DT ROV ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-15 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 44 1~3, 0.001 steps Thermal overload coefficient for alarm [49.K_Alm] 1~3, 0.001 steps ≤2.5% of operating time or 30ms, whichever is Operating time greater(for current between 1.2 and 20 multiples of pickup) ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-16 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 45 Current setting [50PAlmn.I_Set],n=1,2 0.04In~30In. 0.001A steps ≤2.5% of setting or 0.02In, whichever is greater Tolerance of current setting ≥95% Drop-off to pickup ratio 50Hz: ≤25ms (at 2 times current setting) Operating time without time delay PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 46 ≤2.5% of setting or 0.1V, whichever is greater Tolerance of voltage setting ≥95% Drop-off to pickup ratio Time delay setting [59GAlm.t_Op] 0s~3600s, 0.001s steps ≤1% of setting +30ms (at 1.2 times voltage setting) Tolerance of time setting ≤30ms Drop-off time PCS-978 Transformer Relay 2-18 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 47 3.4.2 Function ..........................3-54 3.4.3 Protection Principle ......................3-54 3.4.4 Logic ........................... 3-61 3.4.5 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-63 3.4.6 Settings ..........................3-64 3.5 Winding Differential Protection (87W/87N) ..........3-65 3.5.1 Application .......................... 3-65 3.5.2 Function ..........................3-65 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 48 3.8.4 Protection Principle ......................3-90 3.8.5 Logic ........................... 3-92 3.8.6 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-94 3.8.7 Settings ..........................3-95 3.9 Mechanical Protection (MR) ................3-97 3.9.1 Application .......................... 3-97 3.9.2 Function ..........................3-98 3.9.3 Protection Principle ......................3-98 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 49 3.12.5 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-122 3.12.6 Settings ........................... 3-123 3.13 Ground Overcurrent Protection (50/51G) ..........3-126 3.13.1 Application ........................3-126 3.13.2 Function .......................... 3-126 3.13.3 Protection Principle ......................3-126 3.13.4 Logic ..........................3-131 3.13.5 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-132 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 50 3.17 Undervoltage Protection (27) ..............3-152 3.17.1 Application ........................3-152 3.17.2 Function .......................... 3-152 3.17.3 Operation Principle ......................3-152 3.17.4 Logic ..........................3-153 3.17.5 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-155 3.17.6 Settings ........................... 3-156 3.18 Thermal Overload Protection (49) ............3-157 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 51 3.21.5 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-170 3.21.6 Settings ........................... 3-171 3.22 Residual Overvoltage Alarm Element (59GAlm) ........3-171 3.22.1 Application ........................3-171 3.22.2 Function .......................... 3-172 3.22.3 Protection Principle ......................3-172 3.22.4 Logic ..........................3-172 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 52 3.26.3 Inputs and Outputs ......................3-181 3.26.4 Settings ........................... 3-181 3.27 Output Map (OutMap) ................3-182 3.27.1 Overview Description ..................... 3-182 3.27.2 Output Map of Protection Element ................. 3-182 3.27.3 Programmable Tripping Output Element ............... 3-183 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 53 Figure 3.3-5 Waveform of original current and DPFC current ..........3-44 Figure 3.3-6 Operating characteristic curve of reactor DPFC biased differential protection ..............................3-47 Figure 3.3-7 Logic diagram of reactor current differential protection ......... 3-49 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 54 Figure 3.7-5 Function block of 24DT for alarm ..............3-85 Figure 3.7-6 Function block of 24IDMT ................... 3-85 Figure 3.8-1 Logic diagram of underfrequency protection ........... 3-92 Figure 3.8-2 Logic diagram of overfrequency protection ............. 3-93 Figure 3.8-3 81U function block ....................3-94 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 55 Figure 3.15-1 Logic diagram of residual overvoltage protection (59Pn, n=1,2) .... 3-144 Figure 3.15-2 Function block 59G (Each stage) ..............3-144 Figure 3.16-1 Logic diagram of residual overvoltage protection (59Gn, n=1,2) .... 3-149 Figure 3.16-2 Function block 59G (Each stage) ..............3-149 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 56 Table 3.2-4 Output signals of 87T function block ..............3-30 Table 3.2-5 Output signals of 87T: records ................3-30 Table 3.2-6 Output signals of 87T: measurements ..............3-31 Table 3.2-7 Setting list of 87T ....................3-32 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 57 Table 3.7-8 Settings of 24DT1 (for trip) ................... 3-87 Table 3.7-9 Settings of 24DT2 (for alarm) ................3-87 Table 3.7-10 Settings of 24IDMT ....................3-87 Table 3.8-1 Input signals of 81U and 81O function block ............. 3-94 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 58 Table 3.13-1 Inverse-time curve parameters of stage 4 ground overcurrent protection 3-128 Table 3.13-2 Input signals of function block 50/51G (each stage) ........3-132 Table 3.13-3 Output signals of function block50/51G (each stage) ........3-132 Table 3.13-4 Output signals of 50/51G: report ..............3-133 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 59 Table 3.18-1 Input signals of function block 49 ..............3-160 Table 3.18-2 Output signals of function block 49 ..............3-160 Table 3.18-3 Output signals of 49: report ................3-160 Table 3.18-4 Output signals of 49: measurements .............. 3-161 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 60 Table 3.25-1 Input signals of function block Curr1P ............3-180 Table 3.25-2 Output signals of function block Curr1P ............3-180 Table 3.25-3 Setting list of Curr1P ..................3-180 Table 3.26-1 Input signals of function block Volt1P ............3-181 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 61 Table 3.26-3 Setting list of Volt1P ..................3-181 Table 3.27-1 Input signals of programmable tripping output element ......3-184 Table 3.27-2 Setting list of programmable tripping output element ........3-184 Table 3.28-1 Signals of intermediate variable element ............3-185 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 62 Operation Theory PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 63 Protection for 2-winding, 3-winding transformer and auto-transformer.  24 vector groups available for two-winding transformer.  288 vector groups available for 3-winding transformer.  Optional inrush current distinguished principles: harmonic criterion (second harmonic and third harmonic) or waveform distortion. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 64 DPFC biased differential protection calculated by current variation has high sensitivity to inter-turn faults and high impedance fault) under heavy load. Above three differential protection elements work coordinately to form the high-speed current differential protection with high sensitivity. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 65 I  ) is higher than the change of current under these conditions and hence floating threshold ( the element maintains stability. I  is fixed threshold in program. The sum value of is equal to 0.2pu. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 66  Calculate rated secondary current at each side  bBrm Equation 3.2-5 bBrm Where: Brm=Branch (side) “m”. is rated secondary current of branch m. bBrm is the CT ratio of branch m. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 67 (i.e. bBrm 3.2.3.4 Phase Compensation  Phase Compensation Principle False differential current is caused by phase shift between the power transformer primary and PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 68 If an earthing transformer is connected within the protection zone of differential protection, then zero-sequence current must be eliminated and otherwise differential protection may operate unexpectively during an external fault. Therefore the setting [En_I0Elim_HVS(or LVS)] must be enabled, i.e. set to 1. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 69                       (Shift 120° lagging)           PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 70 (m=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). are differential currents. are matrixes of phase shifting of each branch of transformer respectively. Its value is decided according to the vector group of transformer and please refers to Section 3.2.3.3 for details. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 71 NOTE! The symbol * represents the polarity of CT. If current flowing into the polarity of CT, the current direction is defined as positive direction. In above figure: I_H, I_L are primary currents of HV and LV sides respectively. I’_H, I’_L are secondary currents of HV and LV sides respectively. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 72 The sensitive biased differential protection with low pickup setting and restraint slope is much more sensitive for a slight internal fault. Four blocking elements, CT saturation, inrush current, CT PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 73 NOTE! In the protection relay, setting items are added with a prefix “87T.”, such as [87T.I_Biased], [87T.I_Knee1], etc. Operation characteristic of sensitive biased differential protection is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 74 NOTE! The slope and the knee point are fixed in program, values of which eliminate the influence of CT saturation during an external fault and ensures reliable operation even if PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-12 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 75 Unrestrained differential element shall operate to clear the fault when any phase differential current is higher than its setting. Its operation criterion is: >[87T.I_Instant] Equation 3.2-13 Where: is the maximum value of three phase differential currents. [87T.I_Instant] is the setting of the unrestrained instantaneous differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 76 Its operation area is the tint shadow area in the figure above. When a slight intern fault occurs, differential current rises not greatly and the operating point moves from A to D into the tripping area of sensitive biased differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-14 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 77 (  is the sampling value at a cycle before, 24 is the sampling points in one cycle. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-15 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 78     Equation 3.2-14            max{               ..Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-16 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 79 Therefore, following two typical situations (an external fault and a slight inter-turn fault) are given to show differential and restraint current calculation. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 80 Ir=0.5x(|I'a_HVS|+|I'b_LVS|)=0.5x(|2A∠0° |+|2A∠180° |)=2A DPFC differential protection for the fault: ΔId=|(I'a_HVS-Ia_HVS)+(I'b_LVS-Ib_LVS)| =|(2A∠0° -1A∠0° )+(2A∠180° -1A∠180° )|=0A ΔIr=Max(|I'a_HVS-Ia_HVS|, |I'b-_LVS-Ib_LVS|) =Max(|2A∠0° -1A∠0° |,|2A∠180° -1A∠180° |)=1A Conclusion: DPFC differential protection does not operate during an external fault. 3.2.3.10.4 Operation Characteristic PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-18 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 81 “1”, discrimination by harmonics is enabled. 3.2.3.11.1 Distinguishing by Harmonics In PCS-978 series protection equipment, the second and third harmonics of differential current can be used to distinguish inrush current. Its criteria are: ...
Page 82 B There are some symbols are defined: X: arc AB, ” ” Y: arc B : are of X-Y : are of X+Y   : degree of symmetry of current wave  PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-20 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 83 [87T.K_Hm2_Inrush] and [87T.K_Hm3_Inrush]. This feature ensures biased differential protection fast operation for transformer energized on to a fault in addition to the inrush PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-21 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 84 4. Differential protection will operate in the situation that greater harmonic in one phase differential current but little harmonic in other two phases if blocking mode 2 selected, but differential protection will not operate in the situation if blocking mode 3 selected. Situation 4 is PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-22 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 85 (refer to manual for details). Therefore, we recommend user to use blocking mode 1, i.e. self-adaptive blocking mode. Users can select blocking mode 1 or blocking mode 2 in PCS-978 according to their requirements. 3.2.3.12 CT Saturation Detection There are two CT saturation conditions, i.e.
Page 86 [87T.K_Hm3/Hm5_OvExc] and this condition is judged as overexcitation condition without damages to transformer. If overexcitation factor is greater than 1.4, biased differential protection is no longer being blocked by overexcitation because transformer is damaged in this situation. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-24 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 87 2) Transformer DPFC biased differential relay is always blocked during CT circuit failure. 3) Transformer sensitive biased differential protection can be blocked when CT circuit failure is detected by configuring the logic setting [87T.En_CTS_Blk]. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-25 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 88 When the protective function block is disabled, [87T.St], [87T.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of inputs [87T.En1] and [87T.En2] are “1” and [87T.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-26 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 89 Flg_SensBiasDiff is the internal flag indicating that operation criteria of sensitive biased differential protection are satisfied. Flg_CTS is the internal flag indicating CT circuit failure is distinguished. Flg_CTSaturation is the internal flag indicating CT saturated. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-27 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 90 Flg_DPFC_Diff is the internal flag indicating that operation criteria of DPFC differential protection are satisfied. FD_DPFC_Diff is the signal indicating the fault detector of DPFC biased differential protection PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-28 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 91 [87T.Alm_CTS] is the alarm signal of CT circuit failure for current differential protection. If CT circuit failure for REF protection or winding differential protection is detected, the corresponding signal [64REF.Alm_CTS] or [87W.Alm_CTS] will be issued. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-29 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 92 Above input signals and output signals can be used for programmable logic, and following output signals are only for LCD display of equipment and oscillograph function. Table 3.2-5 Output signals of 87T: records Signal Description 87T.Op_Instant Instantaneous differential protection operates. 87T.Op_Biased Biased differential protection operates. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-30 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 93 87T.Ib_Corr_Brm abbreviation) m (m= 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) used for differential protection. 87T.Ic_Corr_Brm 87T.Ang(Ia)_Br1-Brm Phase angles of corrected currents between branch 1 and branch m 87T.Ang(Ib)_Br1-Brm (m= 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 87T.Ang(Ic)_Br1-Brm PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-31 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 94 Logic setting of enabling/disabling DPFC current 87T.En_DPFC 1: enable differential protection. Logic setting of selecting the method of distinguishing inrush current: 87T.Opt_Inrush_Ident 0: Waveform distortion principle 1: Harmonic principle Logic setting of selecting blocking mode of 87T.Opt_BlkMode_Inrush inrush current PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-32 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 95 “0”. Then a hexadecimal number 0007H is formed as the tripping output logic setting. Tripping output logic settings of the equipment should be set on basis of application-specific drawings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-33 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 96 Differential CT circuit failure detection With the adoption of voltage and current combination method, CT secondary circuit failure can be distinguished. 3.3.3 Protection Principle 3.3.3.1 Overview Reactor current differential protection consists of biased differential protection, unrestrained PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-34 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 97     Equation 3.3-3        Where: I  is the floating threshold varied with the change of load current from time to time. The change PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-35 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 98 Calculate rated secondary current at each end   Equation 3.3-5 Line Where: are rated secondary current of two ends of reactor. is the ratio of CT at the line side of reactor (also called CT1 hereinafter). Line PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-36 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 99    is the corrected secondary current of neutral side of reactor.    PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-37 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 100 Where: I_Line, I_Neu are primary currents of line and neutral sides of reactor respectively. I'_Line, I'_Neu are secondary currents of line and neutral sides of reactor respectively. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-38 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 101 Three blocking elements, CT saturation, CT circuit failure (optional) have also been included for the protection in order to prevent it from the unwanted operation during an external fault. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-39 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 102 [87R.I_Biased] is the pickup current of biased differential protection. [87R.Slope] is the slope of biased differential protection. Recommended values: 0.2≤[87R.Slope] ≤0.75, Operation characteristic of sensitive biased differential protection is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-40 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 103 NOTE! Parameters of this protection have been fixed in the program and do not need to be configured by user. Operation characteristic of conventional biased differential protection is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-41 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 104 Equation 3.3-12 Where: is the maximum value of three phase differential currents. [87R.I_Instant] is the setting of the unrestrained instantaneous differential protection. Please refer to Figure 3.2-6 for operation characteristic of instant differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-42 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 105 Its operation area is the deeper shadow area in the figure above. When an internal fault occurs, differential current rises greatly and the operating point moves to F in the tripping area of conventional biased differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-43 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 106 -100 -200 Original Current -100 DPFC current Figure 3.3-5 Waveform of original current and DPFC current From above figures, it is concluded that DPFC can reflect the sudden change of fault current at the PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-44 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 107 DPFC differential current. I  is the DPFC restraint current, it is the maximum current among the restraint current of three phases. NOTE! Calculation of restraint current of DPFC biased differential protection is different to PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-45 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 108 Conclusion: DPFC differential protection does not operate during an external fault. 2) A sight turn-to-ground fault: I'a_Line=1.1A∠0° , I'b_Neu=0.7A∠180° , other phase supposed zero Biased differential protection for the fault: Id=|I'a_Line+I'b_Neu|=|1.1A∠0° +0.7A∠180° |=0.3A Ir=|I'b_Neu|=0.7A DPFC differential protection for the fault: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-46 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 109 If any phase differential current is caused by CT saturation, the sensitive biased differential element will be blocked. Once an internal fault is distinguished by asynchronous method, harmonic criterion is not used to judge CT saturation any more. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-47 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 110 If the differential current in any phase is greater than the alarm setting [87R.I_Alm] without fault detector of differential protection pickup for over 10s, differential current abnormality alarm [87R.Alm_Diff] will be issued without blocking the protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-48 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 111 & [87R.En1] & [87R.En2] [87R.Blk] Flg_ConvBiasDiff 500ms FD_BiasDiff ≥1 [87R.Op_Biased] [87R.En_Biased] & [87R.En1] [87R.En2] [87R.Blk] & Flg_SensBiasDiff Flg_CT_Sat & Flg_CTS & [87R.En_CTS_Blk] 500ms FD_BiasDiff Figure 3.3-7 Logic diagram of reactor current differential protection Where： PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-49 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 112 FD_DPFC_Diff is the signal indicating the fault detector of DPFC biased differential protection picks up. Flg_CTS is the internal flag indicating CT circuit failure is distinguished. Flg_Hm2&Hm3 is the internal flag indicating harmonic criteria is met. Flg_Asynchr_CTSat the internal flag indicating asynchronous method detects CT saturation. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-50 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 113 Table 3.3-3 Output signals of 87R: records Signal Description 87R.Op_Instant Instantaneous differential protection operates. 87R.Op_Biased Biased differential protection operates. 87R.Op_DPFC DPFC differential protection operates. Tripping reports of protection element. 87R.St Current differential protection starts. Start signals of protection element. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-51 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 114 Ang(Ic)_ L-N Ang(I0)_ L-N Three-phase differential current value, zero-sequence differential Ida, Idb, Idc,Id0 current current. Ithra, Ithrb, Ithrc, Threshold value of restraint current. Ithr0 Ida_Hm2_Pct Idb_Hm2_Pct Second harmonic percentage of total differential current. Idc_Hm2_Pct PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-52 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 115 CT circuit failure. Tripping logic setting current differential 87R.OutMap 0000~FFFF protection. NOTE! The logic setting [87R.OutMap] is shared by the unrestrained instantaneous differential protection, biased differential protection and DPFC current differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-53 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 116 Three phase currents and neutral current are the inputs to the restricted earth fault protection of a three-phase winding. Polarity of three-phase CT is at busbar side, and that of neutral CT is at transformer side as shown in the following figure. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-54 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 117 LV side I_H2 HV side 2 3I0Cal 3I0Cal Magnitude compensation HV side REF Protection Magnitude I_HNP compensation Magnitude compensation _HNP Figure 3.4-2 REF application 2 for two-winding transformer with two CBs at one side PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-55 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 118 The criterion of fault detector of restricted earth fault protection is as follows. The pickup of this fault detector will enable restricted earth fault protection of the corresponding side. >[x.64REF.I_Biased] Equation 3.4-1 Where: is the residual differential current of some side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-56 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 119      Equation 3.4-3 The above equation can be simplified to the following:           Equation 3.4-4 Where: is the residual differential current. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-57 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 120 I’_NP in the following, with fundamental wave of the sum of the phase currents, which should be designated as 3I0Cal’ shown in the following figure. I_NP 3I0Cal' =I PCS-978 REF I'_NP PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-58 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 121 CT of x side. [x.64REF.I_Biased] is the pickup value of biased REF protection of x side. . [x.64REF.I_Knee] is the setting of knee point of biased REF protection of x side, and 0.5In is recommended. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-59 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 122 REF protection. Positive sequence current restraint blocking criterion is showed below.    Equation 3.4-7 Where: is the zero-sequence current at a side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-60 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 123 [x.64REF.I_Biased] have same definitions as mentioned above. 3.4.3.9.2 CT Circuit Failure of REF Protection Please refer to Section 3.2.3.14.2 for details. 3.4.4 Logic The logic diagram of REF protection of HV side is taken as example to show below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-61 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 124 When the protective function block is disabled, [x.64REF.St], [x.64REF.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [x.64REF.En1] and [x.64REF.En2] are “1” and [x.64REF.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-62 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 125 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. Table 3.4-3 Output signals of 64REF: report Signal Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-63 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 126 Knee point setting of biased REF protection. x.64REF.I_Biased 0.05~5 0.001 Pickup setting of biased REF protection Percentage restraint coefficient of biased REF x.64REF.Slope 0.2~0.75 0.001 protection x.64REF.t_Op 0~20s 0.001 Time delay for REF protection. Recommended value PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-64 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 127  CT saturation detection function based on 2 and 3 harmonics is adopted to avoid maloperation of winding differential protection during an external fault. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-65 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 128 I_H, I_H1, I_H2 and I_M are primary values of current of each side of transformer respectively. I_CW is primary value of common winding three-phase CT I_HBush is primary value of current of HV side bushing CT PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-66 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 129 This calculation method is to take the minimum CT primary rating of all calculated CT inputs as the reference. If the multiple of the maximum CT primary ratio to the minimum CT primary rating is greater than 2.95, then reference shall be taken as 2.95 and others shall be calculated PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-67 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 130 (m=1, 2, 3, 4 ,5） are corrected coefficients of each side for magnitude compensation respectively. are respectively rated secondary values of CTs of each branch. The equation of calculating restraint current is: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-68 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 131 HV side, LV side and common winding. NOTE! When calculated residual currents of each branch are used for the calculation, the winding differential protection (87W) becomes neutral differential protection (87N) also called residual differential protection in the following description. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-69 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 132 The operation criterion is as follows:   Biased Equation 3.5-7 Where: I is the rated secondary voltage of CT. 3.5.3.8.2 CT Circuit Failure of Winding Differential Protection Please refer to Section 3.2.3.14.2 for details. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-70 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 133 When the protective function block is disabled, [x.87W.St], [x.87W.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [x.87W.En1] and [x.87W.En2] are “1” and [x.87W.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-71 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 134 LCD display of equipment and oscillograph function. Table 3.5-3 Output signals of 87W: report Signal Description 87W.Op_Phase Phase winding differential protection of x side operates. 87W.Op_Residual Residual differential protection of x side operates. Tripping reports of protection element. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-72 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 135 Corrected coefficient of branch m (m=1, 2, 3, 4, 5) for winding differential 87W.K_Brm protection. Path: Main menu -> Measurements -> Measurements1-> WDIF Measurements Main menu -> Measurements -> Measurements2-> WDIF Measurements 3.5.6 Settings Table 3.5-5 Setting list of 87W Setting Item Range Step Unit Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-73 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 136  Inter-turn protection being blocked by CT and VT circuit failure. 3.6.3 Protection Principle 3.6.3.1 Overview Inter-turn fault protection consists of three parts: self-adjusted zero-sequence power directional PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-74 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 137 0.2pu. 3.6.3.3 Residual Power Directional Element 3.6.3.3.1 Analysis of Inter-Turn Fault of Reactor The wiring diagram of shunt reactors in power system is shown as following figure. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-75 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 138 Therefore, the equation between U0 and I0 at the relay location is: U0=I0xZr2 Vector relation between U0 and I0 is: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-76 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 139 Therefore, the equation between U0 and I0 at the relay location is: U0=-I0x Zs＇ Vector relation between U0 and I0 is Figure 3.6-5 Vector relation for case 2 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-77 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 140 According to different values of measured impedances, inter-turn faults (or internal fault) and external earth faults can be distinguished. Operation criterion: Zm<0.25xZ0 Equation 3.6-3 Where: Zm is measured zero-sequence impedance. Z0 is zero-sequence impedance of reactor. NOTE: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-78 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 141 (3) Blocking input [IntTurn.Blk] is set to “0”. When the protective function block is disabled, [IntTurn.St], [IntTurn.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [IntTurn.En1] and [IntTurn.En2] are “1” and [IntTurn.Blk] is “0” when those PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-79 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 142 Inter-turn fault protection picks up to trigger DFR function.. Signals of protection element triggering DFR function recorded as IO events. 3.6.6 Settings Table 3.6-4 Settings of IntTurn Setting Item Range Step Unit Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-80 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 143 Overexcitation inverse-time curve is sectional linear curve, which has high adaptivity. 3.7.3 Protection Principle Overexitation protection consists of definite-time protection and inverse-time protection.  Calculate overexcitation degree: Degree of overexcitation can be evaluated by following overexcitation multiple: n  Equation 3.7-1 Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-81 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 144 Several groups of setting point with independent settings can be configured for simulating the inverse-time operation characteristics curve and this protection can satisfy overexcitation requirements of various transformers. Following figure shows inverse-time characteristic of overexcitation protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-82 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 145 Stage 1 and stage 2 has identical logic diagrams but stage 1 for trip and stage 2 for alarm. On-stage inverse-time overexcitation operates to trip and issued the alarm signal. [24DT1.En1] & [24DT1.En2] & [24DT1.Blk] [24DT1.t_Op] [24DT1.Op] [24DT1.En] >[24DT1.K_Set] Figure 3.7-2 Logic diagram of stage 1 definite-time overexcitation protection Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-83 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 146 Default values of Inputs [24IDMT.En1] and [24IDMT.En2] are “1” and [24IDMT.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. 3.7.5 Inputs and Outputs 24DT1 OvExc Figure 3.7-4 Function block of 24DT for trip PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-84 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 147 Protection starts. Protection operates to trip. Table 3.7-3 Output signals of function block 24DT2 for alarm Signal Description Alarm element starts Alarm element operates Table 3.7-4 Output signals of the function block 24IDMT Signal Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-85 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 148 Main menu -> Measurements -> Measurements1-> OvExc Measurements Main menu -> Measurements -> Measurements2-> OvExc Measurements 3.7.6 Settings Table 3.7-7 Setting list of 24 Setting Item Range Step Unit Description Logic setting selecting phase voltage 24.Opt_Up/Upp phase-to-phase voltage calculation PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-86 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 149 24IDMT.t2_Op 0.1-9999 0.001 Multiple setting 3 of inverse-time overexcitation 24IDMT.K3_Set 1.0~1.7 0.001 protection: n3 Time delay setting corresponding to multiple setting 3: 24IDMT.t3_Op 0.1~9999 0.001 24IDMT.K4_Set 1.0~1.7 0.001 Multiple setting 4 of inverse-time overexcitation PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-87 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 150 10 points are distributed averagely. NOTE! Inverse-time curve is based on the actual operation voltage, so users need not calculate the ratio of VT when configure settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-88 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 151 Overfrequency Protection In order to prevent possible maloperation of overfrequency protection in conditions of high harmonics, voltage circuit failures and so on, such blocking measures are carried out as follows: Blocking in undervoltage condition PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-89 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 152 Operation criteria of underfrequency protection and overfrequency protection are shown in the following two equations respectively, and the corresponding protection operates when one operation criterion is met.  Operation criterion of underfrequency protection f <[81U.UFx.f_Set] Equation 3.8-3 Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-90 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 153 Equation 3.8-4 are met, the stage underfrequency protection will be released to operate.  Operation criterion of overfrequency protection f >[81O.OFx.f_Set] Equation 3.8-5 Where: is system frequency. [81O.OFx.f_Set] is the frequency setting of stage x (x=1, 2, 3, or 4) of overfrequency protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-91 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 154 For underfrequency protection, if following three conditions are met, the protection will be enabled. (1) Logic setting [81U.En] is set to “1”. (2) Enabling inputs [81U.En1], [81U.En2] are both set to “1” (3) Blocking input [81U.Blk] is set to “0”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-92 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 155 When the protective function block is disabled, [81O.St], [81O.OF1.Op], [81O.OF2.Op], [81O.OF3.Op] and [81O.OF4.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [81O.En1] and [81O.En2] are “1” and [81O.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-93 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 156 Overfrequency protection stage 3 operates. UF4.Op Overfrequency protection stage 4 operates. Table 3.8-3 Output signals of 81O function block Signal Description Overfrequency protection starts. OF1.Op Overfrequency protection stage 1 operates. OF2.Op Overfrequency protection stage 2 operates. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-94 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 157 0:disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling stage 1 of 81O.OF1.En 1:enable overfrequency protection. Tripping logic setting of stage 1 of overfrequency 81O.OF1.OutMap. 0000~FFFF protection. 81O.OF2.f_Set 50~65 0.01 Frequency setting of stage 2 of overfrequency PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-95 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 158 1:enable protection. Tripping logic setting of stage 1 of 81U.UF1.OutMap 0000~FFFF underfrequency protection. Frequency setting of stage 2 of underfrequency 81U.UF2.f_Set 45~60 0.01 protection. 81U.UF2.t_Op 0.1~6000s 0.001 Time delay of stage 2 of underfrequency PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-96 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 159 Mechanical protection of transformer relay will repeat these signals to send alarm signals, or send tripping command directly or send tripping command with time delay to prevent transformer from damage. Inputs of mechanical protection are operation signals of PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-97 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 160 When the protective function block is disabled, [MR.Op1], [MR.Op2], [MR.Op3] and [MR.Op4] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [MR.En1], [MR.En2] are “1” and [MR.Blk] is 0 when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-98 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 161 Above input signals and output signals can be used for programmable logic, and following output signals are only for LCD display of equipment and oscillograph function. Table 3.9-3 Output signals of MR: report Signal Description MR.Op1 MR1 mechanical protection operates. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-99 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 162 Tripping logic setting of enabling MR3 mechanical MR.OutMap_3 0000~FFFF protection. Delay pickup time of tripping command of MR4 MR.t_DPU_4 0~3600 0.001 mechanical protection. MR.t_PW_4 0~10 0.001 Pulse width of tripping command of MR4 mechanical PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-100 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 163     Equation 3.10-1 Where: is the minimum measured value. is the temperature corresponding to minimum measured value. is actual measured value.   is the slope of temperature converting, and  PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-101 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 164 Figure 3.10-1 Logic diagram of temperature protectio Where: T_PhA, T_PhB, and T_PhC: are three phase temperature values corresponding to three transducer inputs. For temperature protection, if following three conditions are met, the trip stage (or alarm stage) will be enabled. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-102 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 165 Protection trip element starts. Protection trip element operates. Protection alarm element operates Above input signals and output signals can be used for programmable logic, and following output signals are only for LCD display of equipment. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-103 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 166 Logic setting of enabling/disabling temperature 26.En_Trp 1: enable protection. 0: disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling temperature 26.En_Alm 1: enable alarm element. 26.OutMap 0000~FFFF Tripping logic setting of temperature protection 26.Opt_TransducerInpu Logic setting of selecting the mode of PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-104 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 167 In order to ensure the threshold voltage is slightly greater than the unbalance voltage, multiple 1.25 of the deviation component is reasonable. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-105 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 168 The operation criterion of phase-to-phase impedance relay is as follows.        Equation 3.11-3    NOTE! If VT circuit abnormal message [x.Alm_VTS] is issued or VT is out of service, impedance protection will be blocked. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-106 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 169 0~0.1, if protection direction points to transformer. 3.11.3.5 Power Swing Blocking Releasing (PSBR) PCS-978 adopts releasing power swing blocking to avoid maloperation of distance protection resulting from power swing. In another word, in order to avoid unwanted operation of impedance relay during system oscillation, the protection is blocked all along under the normal condition and power swing.
Page 170 FD PSBR nor UF PSBR will be able to operate to release the distance protection. Thus, SF PSBR is provided for this case specially. This detection is based on measuring the voltage at power swing center: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-108 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 171 3.11.4 Logic The logic of phase-to-earth impedance protection is same to that of phase-to phase impedance protection, and stage 1 of phase-to-phase impendence protection is taken as an example as shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-109 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 172 For each stage impedance protection, if following three conditions are met, the stage protection will be enabled. (1) Logic setting [x.21.ZP1.En] is set to “1”. (2) Enabling inputs [x.21.En1], [x.21.En2] are both set to “1”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-110 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 173 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-111 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 174 Logic setting of enabling/disabling stage 1 of x.21.ZP1.En 1: enable phase-to-phase impedance protection 0000~ Tripping logic setting stage x.21.ZP1.OutMap FFFF phase-to-phase impedance protection Forward impedance setting of stage 2 of Ω x.21.ZP2.Z_Fwd 0.05~200 0.01 phase-to-phase impedance protection PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-112 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 175 An external fault will result in transformer overload, and phase overcurrent protection operates to trip circuit breakers of transformer to avoid physical damage. To small transformers, phase overcurrent protection can protect transformer from internal faults as main protection, to PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-113 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 176  Directional element: one directional element shared by all phase overcurrent elements, and each stage protection can select protection direction.  Harmonic blocking element: one harmonic blocking element shared by all phase overcurrent elements. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-114 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 177 Phase overcurrent protection stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 are definite-time characteristic and each stage can perform instantaneous operation with the corresponding time delay setting at zero. Stage 4 can be selected as definite-time or inverse-time characteristic, and inverse-time operating time curve is as follows. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-115 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 178 28.55 0.712 ANSI Long-time inverse 0.086 0.02 0.185 Programmable user-defined If all available curves do not comply with user application, user may configure 50/51P4.Opt_Curve] to “13” to customize the inverse-time curve characteristic, and setting PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-116 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 179 When VT circuit fails (i.e. message [x.Alm_VTS] being issued) or VT is not put into service (i.e. [x.In_VT] is “0”), then voltage control element resets instantaneously and voltage controlled phase overcurrent protection is blocked, and if the setting is set to”0” then voltage control element picks PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-117 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 180 If VT and CT are connected as Figure 3.12-2 shown, i.e. polarity of CT is at busbar side, and forward direction is to protected object, then forward and reverse operating regions are shown in Figure 3.12-3. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-118 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 181 Blocking mode is selectable between phase segregated blocking mode or phase crossing blocking 50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk], “0” for phase segregated blocking mode and “1” mode through the setting [ for phase crossing blocking mode. If any phase harmonic meets the following criterion, harmonic PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-119 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 182 Logic schemes of phase overcurrent protection of each stage are same except that stage 4 can be selected as inverse-time characteristic, and that stage 4 is taken as an example to show the logic. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-120 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 183 [50/51Pn.Blk] Sig_Upp <[x.50/51P.Upp_VCE] &  ≥1 [x.Alm_VTS] & [x.50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] Figure 3.12-5 Logic Diagram of phase-to-phase VCE [50/51Pn.En] & & [50/51Pn.Blk] Sig_U2 >[x.50/51P.U2_VCE] & ≥1 [x.Alm_VTS] & [x.50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] Figure 3.12-6 Logic Diagram of negative-sequence VCE PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-121 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 184 Function enabling input1 and input 2, it can be binary inputs or settings, such as function enabling binary inputs, logic links, etc. Function blocking input, such as function blocking binary input. If the input is 1, the protection is not reset and time delay will be cleared. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-122 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 185 Signals of protection element triggering DFR function recorded as IO events. 3.12.6 Settings Table 3.12-7 Setting list of control and blocking elements settings of 50/51P Setting Item Range Step Unit Description x.50/51P.Upp_VCE 2~200 0.001 Phase-to-phase undervoltage setting. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-123 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 186 Tripping logic setting of stage n of phase x.50/51Pn.OutMap 0000~FFFF overcurrent protection. Table 3.12-9 Setting list of 50/51P Stage 4 Setting Item Range Step Unit Description x.50/51P4.I_Set 0.04A~30In 0.001 Pickup setting of stage 4 of phase overcurrent PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-124 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 187 If the current is greater than [ 50/51P4.K_Iset]x[ 50/51P4.I_Set], the operating time of IDMT becomes flat, i.e. the operating time is equal to the operating time of IDMT at the point current equal to [ 50/51P4.K_Iset]x[ 50/51P4.I_Set]. If PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-125 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 188 Directional element: one directional element equipped shared by all ground overcurrent elements, and each stage protection can select protection direction.  Harmonic blocking element: one harmonic blocking element shared by all ground overcurrent elements. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-126 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 189 Ground overcurrent protection stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 are definite-time characteristic and each stage can perform instantaneous operation with the corresponding time delay setting at zero. Stage 4 can be selected as definite-time or inverse-time characteristic, and inverse-time operating time curve is as follows. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-127 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 190 ANSI Long-time extremely inverse 64.07 0.25 ANSI Long-time very inverse 28.55 0.712 ANSI Long-time inverse 0.086 0.02 0.185 Programmable User-defined If all available curves do not comply with user application, user may configure setting PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-128 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 191 Figure 3.13-3. Reverse Direction Element Forward Protected Object Figure 3.13-2 Connection of VT and CT of directional element PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-129 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 192 Operation criterion:   Equation 3.13-6 Where: is second harmonic of zero sequence current is fundamental component of zero sequence current. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-130 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 193 3I0 is calculated residual current. IN is measured neutral current. For any stage ground overcurrent protection, when following three conditions are met, the stage protection will be enabled. (1) Logic setting [x.50/51Gn.En] is set to “1”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-131 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 194 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-132 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 195 Current setting of stage n of ground overcurrent x.50/51Gn.3I0_Set 0.04A~30In 0.001 protection Time delay of stage n of ground overcurrent x.50/51Gn.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 protection Logic setting of selecting control mode of residual x.50/51Gn.Opt_Dir directional element stage ground PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-133 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 196 Logic setting for selecting operating characteristic curve of stage 4 of ground overcurrent protection. x.50/51G4.Opt_Curve 0~13 Please refer to Please refer to Section 3.13.3.3 for details. x.50/51G4.Opt_Dir Logic setting of selecting control mode of residual PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-134 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 197 Negative-sequence overcurrent protection is equipped to prevent generator from such damage. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-135 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 198       t(I) Equation 3.14-2           Where: is negative-sequence current setting [x.50/51Q2.I2_Set]. is time multiplier setting [x.50/51Q2.TMS]. , C are constants. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-136 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 199 Logic schemes of ground overcurrent protection of each stage are same except that stage 4 can be selected as inverse-time characteristic, and that stage 4 is taken as an example to show the logic. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-137 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 200 Function enabling input1 and input 2, it can be binary inputs or settings, such as function enabling binary inputs, logic links, etc. Function blocking input, such as function blocking binary input. If the input is 1, the protection is not reset and time delay will be cleared. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-138 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 201 Time delay of stage 1 of negative-sequence x.50/51Q1.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 overcurrent protection Logic setting enabling stage 0: disable x.50/51Q1.En negative-sequence overcurrent protection. 1: enable 0: disable; 1: enable Tripping logic setting stage x.50/51Q1.OutMap 0000~FFFF negative-sequence overcurrent protection PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-139 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 202 IDMT becomes flat, i.e. the operating time is equal to the operating time IDMT point negative-sequence current equal 51Q2.tmin] is not set to “0”, then maximum 50/51Q2.K_I2set]x[ 50/51Q2.I2_Set]. If [ operating current is not valid and users only can set the setting [x.50/51Q2.tmin]. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-140 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 203 Two operation criteria of definite-time overvoltage protection are as follows, which of them is selected depending on the logic setting [ 59Pn.Opt_1P/3P].  [ x.59Pn.U_Set] Equation 3.15-1  max  > [x.59Pn.U_ Set]   > [x.59Pn.U_ Set] Equation 3.15-2   > [x.59Pn.U_ Set] Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-141 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 204 Stage 2 can be selected as definite-time or inverse-time characteristic, and inverse-time operating time curve is as follows.          t(I) Equation 3.15-5         Where: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-142 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 205 If all available curves do not comply with user application, user may configure setting [x.59P2.Opt_Curve] at “13” to customize the inverse-time curve characteristic, and constants  and C with PCS-Explorer software. Define-time or inverse-time phase overvoltage protection drops off instantaneously. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-143 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 206 Function enabling input1 and input 2, it can be binary inputs or settings, such as function enabling binary inputs, logic links, etc. Function blocking input, such as function blocking binary input. If the input is 1, the protection is not reset and time delay will be cleared. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-144 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 207 Logic setting of selecting “1 out of 3” or “3 out of 3” x.59P1.Opt_1P/3P logic for operation criterion of stage 1 of phase overvoltage protection. x.59P1.En 0: disable Logic setting of enabling stage 1 of phase PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-145 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 208 Tripping logic setting of stage 2 of phase x.59P2.OutMap 0000~FFFF overvoltage protection. 59P2.tmin] is set to “0”, the maximum operating NOTE! If the minimum operating time [ voltage is valid, and the setting 59P2.K_Uset] can be set according to requirements. If PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-146 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 209 Residual overvoltage protection stage 1 is definite-time characteristic and can perform instantaneous operation with the corresponding time delay setting at zero. Stage 2 can be selected as definite-time or inverse-time characteristic, and inverse-time operating time curve is as follows. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-147 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 210 ANSI Very inverse 19.61 0.491 ANSI Inverse 0.0086 0.02 0.0185 ANSI Moderately inverse 0.0515 0.02 0.114 ANSI Long-time extremely inverse 64.07 0.25 ANSI Long-time very inverse 28.55 0.712 ANSI Long-time inverse 0.086 0.02 0.185 Programmable user-defined PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-148 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 211 3.16.5 Inputs and Outputs Figure 3.16-2 Function block 59G (Each stage) Table 3.16-2 Input signals of 59G (Each stage) Signal Description Three phase voltage data, including calculated residual voltage. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-149 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 212 Voltage setting of stage 1 of residual overvoltage x.59G1.3U0_Set 2~200 0.001 protection. Time delay of stage 1 of residual overvoltage x.59G1.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 protection. 0: disable Logic setting of enabling stage 1 of residual x.59G1.En 1: enable overvoltage protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-150 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 213 Logic setting of selecting residual voltage for the calculation of stage 2 of residual overvoltage x.59G2.Opt_3U0 protection: 0: Measured residual voltage 1: Calculated residual voltage Tripping logic setting of stage 2 of residual x.59G2.OutMap 0000~FFFF overvoltage protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-151 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 214 A time delay setting [x.27.t_Recov] should be set, which should be greater than the operating time of backup protection generally. For example, if the longest operating time of backup protection is 4s, PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-152 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 215 (setting [27.U_Recov]) When any one criterion is met, undervoltage protection is blocked. 3.17.4 Logic Logic diagram of undervoltage protection is shown in the following figure. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-153 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 216 For any undervoltage protection, if following three conditions are met, the stage protection will be enabled. (1) Logic setting [x.27.En] is set to “1”. (2) Enabling inputs [x.27.En1], [x.27.En2] are both set to “1” PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-154 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 217 Undervoltage protection stage 2 of x side operates to issue trip command. x.27.UV3.Op Undervoltage protection stage 3 of x side operates to issue trip command. x.27.UV4.Op Undervoltage protection stage 4 of x side operates to issue trip command. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-155 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 218 0: disable Logic setting of enabling stage 3 of undervoltage x.27.UV3.En 1: enable protection. Tripping logic setting of stage 3 of undervoltage x.27.UV3.OutMap 0000~FFFF protection. x.27.UV4.U_Set 0~100 0.001 Voltage setting of stage 4 of undervoltage PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-156 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 219 NOTE! Users must declare current value calculation for thermal overload protection, fundamental current or 1 to 7 harmonic current before making an order. 3.18.3 Operation Principle Thermal overload module of IEC60255-8 is adopted, which is shown as follows. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-157 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 220  constant thermal level (duration is greater than several time constant ), which is memory current. For cold time-current limit characteristic is zero, PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-158 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 221 When the protective function block is disabled, [x.49.St], [x.49.Alm] and [x.49.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [x.49.En1] and [x.49.En2] are “1” and [x.49.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-159 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 222 Thermal overload protection of x side operates to issue trip command. Tripping reports of protection element. x.49.Alm Thermal overload protection of x side operates to issue alarm command. Alarm reports of protection element. x.49.St Thermal overload protection of x side starts. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-160 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 223 3.19.2 Protection Principle When the binary input of external tripping is energized and current element picks up, a trip PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-161 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 224 In order to ensure the threshold voltage is slightly greater than the unbalance voltage, multiple 1.25 of the deviation component is reasonable. I  is the half-wave calculated of phase-to-phase current. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-162 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 225 For breaker failure protection, when following three conditions are met the stage protection is enabled. (1) Logic setting [x.50BF.En] is set to “1”. (2) Enabling inputs [x.50BF.En1],[ x. 50BF. En2] are both set to “1”. (3) Blocking input [x.50BF.Blk] is set to “0”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-163 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 226 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-164 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 227 Tripping logic setting of time delay 1 of breaker x.50BF.OutMap_t1 0000~FFFF failure protection. x.50BF.t2_Op 0~20 0.001 Time delay 2 of breaker failure protection. 0: disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling time delay 2 of x.50BF.En_t2 1: enable breaker failure protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-165 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 228 Logical diagram of pole disagreement protection is presented in Figure 3.20-1. [62PD.In_PD_CB] 3I0>[x.62PD.3I0_Set] & [x.62PD.En_3I0] ≥1 ≥1 & [x.62PD.St] I2>[x.62PD.I2_Set] & [x.62PD.t_Op] [x.62PD.Op] [x.62PD.En_I2] [x.62PD.Blk] & [x.62PD.En2] [x.62PD.En2] [x.62PD.En] [x.62PD.t_Alm] [x.62PD.In_PD_CB] [x.62PD.Alm] Figure 3.20-1 Logical diagram of pole disagreement protection of x side PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-166 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 229 Table 3.20-2 Output signals of function block 62PD Signal Description Protection starts. Protection operates. Protection issues alarm signal. Above input signals and output signals can be used for programmable logic, and following output signals are only for LCD display of equipment. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-167 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 230 1: enable disagreement protection.. Tripping logic setting pole disagreement x.62PD.OutMap 0000~FFFF protection. 3.21 Phase Overcurrent Alarm Element (50PAlm) 3.21.1 Application During overload operation of a power transformer, great current results in greater heat to lead PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-168 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 231 If any phase current is greater than the setting of any stage enabled phase overcurrent alarm element, the stage phase overcurrent alarm element will operate after time delay and the stage protection will drop off after the overload current disappear. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-169 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 232 Function blocking input, such as function blocking binary input. When the input is 1, ground overcurrent protection is not reset and time delay is cleared. Table 3.21-2 Output signals of function block 50PAlm (each stage) Signal Description Protection starts. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-170 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 233 3.22.1 Application A single phase earth fault occurrence in ungrounded system will result in high residual overvoltage, so residual overvoltage alarm element is equipped to issue alarm signal for reminding users in this condition. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-171 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 234 When the alarm function block is disabled, [x.59GAlm.St], [x.59GAlm.Op] signals are both reset. Default values of Inputs [x.59GAlm.En1], [x.59GAlm.En2] are “1” and [x.59GAlm.Blk] is “0” when those inputs are not connected to external signals or settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-172 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 235 Residual overvoltage alarm element of x side operates. Alarm reports of protection element. x.59GAlm.St Residual overvoltage alarm element of x side starts. Start signals of protection element. 3.22.6 Settings Table 3.22-4 Setting list of 59G PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-173 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 236 When current of the element is engaged in the calculation of transformer differential protection, restricted earth fault protection or winding differential protection, the CT circuit failure supervision function of each protection is carried out in the corresponding protection element and please refer to corresponding sections for details. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-174 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 237 OnLoad Figure 3.23-2 Function block Curr3P Table 3.23-1 Input signals of function block Curr3P Signal Description Sampled value of phase A current Sampled value of phase B current Sampled value of phase C current PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-175 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 238 Angle between phase B and phase C voltages of x side. x.Ang(Uc-Ua) Angle between phase C and phase A voltages of x side. x.3U0Ext Measured residual voltage value of x side. x.Ia x.Ib Three-phase current values of x side. x.Ic PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-176 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 239 All calculated information of three-phase voltage element is for the protection logic calculation 3.24.2 Function Three-phase voltage element has following functions:  Pre-process three phase voltages. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-177 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 240 SIG [OnLoad] SIG [In_VT] Figure 3.24-1 Voltage pre-processing logic diagram Where: Up_3rd is the 3 harmonic value of phase voltage. U2 and U1 are respectively negative sequence voltage value and positive sequence current value. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-178 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 241 PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. Table 3.24-3 Output signals of Volt3P: report Signal Description x.Alm_VTS Voltage transformer circuit of x side is abnormal. Alarm reports of equipment during operation. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-179 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 242 Table 3.25-2 Output signals of function block Curr1P Signal Description A current data set Ang(3I0) Phase angle of residual current 3.25.4 Settings Table 3.25-3 Setting list of Curr1P Setting Item Range Step Unit Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-180 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 243 A voltage data set Ang(3U0) Phase angle of residual voltage 3.26.4 Settings Table 3.26-3 Setting list of Volt1P Setting Item Range Step Unit Description Primary current value of broken-delta VT , default U1n_Delt 1~2000 1000 value: 1000kV PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-181 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 244 10 Groups of Tripping Output Contacts [87T.OutMap] [HVS.64REF.OutMap] [MVS.64REF.OutMap] [LVS.64REF.OutMap] [24DT1.OutMap] [24DT2.OutMap] [HVS.50/51P1.OutMap] [HVS.50/51G1.OutMap] …… Figure 3.27-1 Output map of protection element PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-182 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 245 Set tripping logic setting of stage 1 of overcurrent protection of HV side as “0”, i.e. [87T.OutMap]=0000H. Finish required logic programming by visualization programming tool. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-183 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 246 This is tripping logic setting of programmable tripping output element. If the programmable tripping output element is used, please set the setting by referring to the setting [87T.OutMap] in Section 3.2.5 for details, and if not, the setting is recommended to be set as 0000. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-184 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 247 Signal of intermediate variable 4 for logic programming. Sig_Spare05 Signal of intermediate variable 5 for logic programming. Sig_Spare06 Signal of intermediate variable 6 for logic programming. Sig_Spare07 Signal of intermediate variable 7 for logic programming. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-185 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 248 Signal of intermediate variable 17 for logic programming. Sig_Spare18 Signal of intermediate variable 18 for logic programming. Sig_Spare19 Signal of intermediate variable 19 for logic programming. Sig_Spare20 Signal of intermediate variable 20 for logic programming. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 3-186 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 249 Table 4.4-1 Description of equipment self-check alarm message ......... 4-8 Table 4.4-2 Troubleshooting for equipment self-check alarm message ....... 4-9 Table 4.4-3 Descripton of equipment operation alarm message ......... 4-11 Table 4.4-4 Troubleshooting for equipment operation alarm message ......4-12 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 250 4 Supervision PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 251: Overview
4.2.4 Memory Checking Data in non-volatile memory, which are not changed after device energized, are always checked during device normal operation, such as settings, pointers, etc. If these data changed abnormally, PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 252: Opto-Coupler Power Supervision
If the differential current in any phase is greater than the alarm setting [87R.I_Alm] without fault detector of differential protection pickup for over 10s, differential current abnormality alarm [87R.Alm_Diff] will be issued without blocking the protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 253 10s, and it will be reset after 10s if equipment returns to normal condition. Calculated residual current is greater than 0.06In or greater than 0.2 times maximum phase current. Negative-sequence current is greater than 0.1In or greater than 0.4 times maximum phase current. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 254 2) Second case, if CT circuit abnormality of differential protection alarm (i.e. [87T.Alm_Diff]) is issued and negative-sequence current of one side is greater than 0.2 times maximum phase current of the corresponding side, and then CT circuit failure will be judged. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 255 50ms delay than that of biased differential protection without CT circuit failure.  Logic of CT Circuit Failure The CT circuit failure logic of transformer current differential protection is taken as an example to shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 256: Voltage Transformer Supervision (Vts)
If one of following four criteria is met and there is no operation of any fault detectors VT circuit abnormality alarm will be issued after 10s. The abnormality alarm will be reset after 10s if equipment returns to normal condition. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 257: Frequency Supervision
[f_Low_FreqAlm] in “System Settings” menu. 4.4 Failure and Abnormality Alarms NOTE! Following alarm messages and corresponding LED indicators are fixed in equipment software. Besides, there are other programmable LED indicators configured according to user requirement. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 258 (Device is not blocked, “HEALTHY” LED keeps being lit on and “ALARM” LED is lit on) Alm_Device The device is abnormal. Alm_CommTest The device is in the communication test mode. Alm_TimeSyn Time synchronization abnormality alarm. Alm_Version The error is found during checking the version of software downloaded to the PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 259 FDBrd.Fail_Settings Step 3: After above two steps, abnormality may disappear. Otherwise, a hardware failure probably occurs and please inform the manufacturer or the agent ProtBrd.Fail_Memory Please inform the manufacturer or the agent for maintenance. FDBrd.Fail_Memory PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 260 Please check the value of setting [Active_Grp] and binary input of indicating active group, and make them matched. Then the “ALARM” LED will be Alm_BI_SettingGrp extinguished and the corresponding alarm message will disappear and the PCS-978 Transformer Relay 4-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 261 CT secondary circuit at x side fails. x.64REF.Alm_CTS CT secondary circuit failure for restricted earth fault protection of x side fails. Alarm Signals (Device is not blocked, “HEALTHY” LED keeps being lit on and “ALARM” LED is lit on) PCS-978 Transformer Relay 4-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 262 Please check the corresponding CT secondary circuit. After the abnormality is x.Alm_VTS eliminated, “ALARM” LED will go off automatically and equipment returns to x.AlmL_CTS normal operation state. x.49.Alm 24DT2.Alm 24IDMT.Alm Please treat according to the specific application requirements x.62PD.ALm x.50PAlm1.Alm x.50PAlm2.Alm PCS-978 Transformer Relay 4-12 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 263 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” will disappear. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 4-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 264 4 Supervision PCS-978 Transformer Relay 4-14 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 265 5.1 Overview ......................5-1 5.2 Measurement ....................5-1 5.3 Event & fault Records ..................5-3 5.3.1 Introduction ........................... 5-3 5.3.2 Event Recording ........................5-3 5.3.3 Disturbance and Fault Recording ..................5-3 5.3.4 Present Recording ........................ 5-4 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 266 5 Management PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 267  Calculated residual currents of each side  Corrected currents of each side  Differential current and restraint threshold for conventional current differential protection  Residual differential currents and restraint thresholds for each REF protection PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 268 NOTE! Symbol ”x” represents some side of transformer defined by user through PCS-Explorer software, which may be “H”, “HV” “HVS”, “HVS1”,” HVS2”, etc. If only one protection element is equipped, the prefix “x.” may disappear. Measurement of temperature PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 269 This information can also be used when planning for new installations. 5.3.3.2 Design Disturbance recorder is consisted of tripping report and fault waveform. Disturbance recorder is PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 270 Present recording is used to record a piece of waveform of present operation equipment which can be trigger manually on LCD of equipment or remotely through PCS-Explorer software. Recording content of present recording is same to that of disturbance recording. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 271 5 Management Each time recording includes 2-cycle waveform before triggering, and up to 250 cycles can be recorded. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 272 5 Management PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 273 6.6 Typical Configuration ..................6-52 6.6.1 Three-winding Transformer Application ................6-52 List of Figures Figure 6.1-1 Hardware diagram ....................6-1 Figure 6.1-2 Front view of PCS-978 ..................6-3 Figure 6.1-3 Typical rear view of PCS-978 ................6-3 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 274 Figure 6.3-19 Typical connection of the module with external transducer ......6-48 Figure 6.3-20 View of the NET-DSP module ................6-49 Figure 6.6-1 Plug-in modules configuration of PCS-978 for the application ...... 6-53 Figure 6.6-2 Pin definition of AC analog output module for the application ...... 6-54 Figure 6.6-3 Pin definition of tripping output module for the application ......
Page 275: Overview
PRINT Figure 6.1-1 Hardware diagram The PCS-978 adopts 32-bit microchip processor CPU as control core for logic calculation and management function, meanwhile, adopts high-speed digital signal processor DSP to be in charge of all the protection calculation. 24 points are sampled in every cycle and parallel processing of sampled data can be realized in each sampling interval to ensure ultra-high reliability and safety of protection equipment.
Page 276 NET-DSP module (optional) is applied for realization of GOOSE level interlocking, and for connection to ECVT with supporting IEC 61850-9-1 and IEC 61850-9-2 protocols. Following figures show front and rear views of PCS-978 respectively. Programmable LED indicators (No.4-No.20) can be defined by users trough PCS-Explorer software.
Page 277: Typical Wiring
OPTO+ OPTO- PWR+ PWR- Figure 6.1-3 Typical rear view of PCS-978 6.2 Typical Wiring 6.2.1 Conventional CT/VT Wiring Typical configuration of PCS-978 connected to conventional CT/VT configuration is given as below for reference. NR1102 NR1156 NR1156 NR1401 NR1401 NR1504 NR1521...
Page 278 1515 0624 BO_Signal_5 SYN+ 0101 1516 SYN- 0102 1517 BO_Signal_6 SGND 0103 1518 0104 1519 1520 BO_Signal_7 0105 Multiplex RJ45 (Front) 1521 0106 BO_Prot 1522 SGND 0107 Figure 6.2-1 Typical wiring of PCS-978 (conventional CT/VT) PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 279: Ect/Evt Wiring
NR1156 NR1156 NR1401 NR1401 NR1136 NR1504 NR1521 NR1521 NR1523B NR1301 NET- 6.2.2 ECT/EVT Wiring Typical configuration of PCS-978 connected to ECT/EVT configuration is given as below for reference. NR1102 NR1151 NR1151 NR1136A NR1136A NR1504 NR1521 NR1521 NR1523B NR1301 Slot No.
Page 280 485-1B 0102 1420 1520 BO_Signal_7 SGND 0103 1421 1521 BO_Trp_10-2 0104 1422 BO_Prot 1522 SYN+ 0101 SYN- 0102 SGND 0103 0104 Multiplex 0105 RJ45 (Front) 0106 SGND 0107 Figure 6.2-2 Typical wiring of PCS-978 (ECT/EVT) PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 281: Plug-In Module Terminal Definition
6 Hardware Description PCS-978 ECT/EVT, GOOSE binary output and binary output Slot No. Module ID NR1102 NR1151 NR1151 NR1136 NR1136 NR1504 NR1521 NR1521 NR1523B NR1301 NET- NET- PCS-902 ECT/EVT, conventional binary output and binary output Slot No. Module ID NR1102...
Page 282 110Vdc, but the power supply in other DC voltage level or power supply of AC voltage need to be specially ordered, and check if the rated voltage of power supply module is the same as the voltage of external control power supply before equipment being put into PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 283: Mon Module (Management)
NR1101E ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET Figure 6.3-2 Rear view of MON modules Module ID Memory Interface Pin No. Usage Physical Layer NR1102A 64M DDR 2 RJ45 Ethernet To SCADA Twisted pair wire PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 284 SYN- clock RS-485 NR1102J 256M DDR SGND synchronization Twisted pair wire RS-232 To printer SGND 2 RJ45 Ethernet To SCADA Twisted pair wire NR1102I 128M DDR 2 FO Ethernet To SCADA Optical fibre ST PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 285 The module reserves a free terminal for all the communication ports; the blank terminal does not need to be connected. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 286: Dsp Module 2 (Fault Detector Calculation)
DSP module 1 and DSP module 2 have same hardware configuration. The following figure shows rear views and terminal definitions for different type of DSP modules; the corresponding module shall be adopted in accordance with concrete situation. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-12 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 287: Bi Module (Binary Input)
NR1504D) or 110V/220V/125V/250V (NR1503A or NR504A). This module provides the monitoring circuit of opto-coupler power supply. Each BI module is with a 22-pin connector for 11 binary inputs (NR1503) or 18 binary inputs (NR1504). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 288 (n=01,02,…,10,11 can be configured as a specified binary input by PCS-Explorer software.) NR1503 NR1503 BI_Pulse_GPS Opto01- BI_Print Opto02- BI_Maintenance Opto03- BI_RstTarg Opto04- BI_05 Opto05- BI_06 Opto06- BI_07 Opto07- BI_08 Opto08- BI_09 Opto09- BI_10 Opto10- BI_11 Opto11- Figure 6.3-4 Pin definition of BI module (NR1503) PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-14 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 289 Negative pole of third binary input BI_RstTarg Binary input of resetting signal of protective equipment Opto04- Negative pole of 4th binary input BI_05 Configurable binary input 5 Opto05- Negative pole of 5th binary input BI_06 Configurable binary input 6 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-15 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 290 Common terminal of negative pole of power supply of the module NOTE! If one BI module is configured, first four binary signals (BI_01, BI_02, BI_03, and BI_04) in the module are [BI_TimeSyn], [BI_Print], [BI_Maintenance] and [BI_RstTarg] respectively. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-16 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 291 When this binary input is energized, the client cannot control the isolator link and circuit breaker, modify settings and switch setting group remotely. According to the value of the bit “Test” of quality (Q) in the message sent, the client PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 292: Bo Module (Binary Output)
PCS-Explorer software according to user requirement. A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front of this module. The pin definition of the connector is described as below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-18 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 293 Besides, the contact [BO_Prot] is a magnetic latched NO contact defined as protection tripping signal fixedly. A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front of this module. The pin definition of the connector is described as below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-19 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 294 BO_Signal_4 BO_Signal_2-2 The NO contact 2 of 2nd group of signal output. BO_Signal_5 BO_Signal_3-1 The NO contact 1 of 3rd group of output. BO_Signal_6 BO_Signal_3-2 The NO contact 2 of 3rd group of output. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-20 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 295 PCS-Explorer software according to user requirement. A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front of this module. The pin definition of the connector is described as below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-21 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 296 The NO contact of 4th group of signal output. BO_Signal_5 BO_Signal_5 The NO contact of 5th group of signal output. BO_Signal_6 BO_Signal_6 The NO contact of 6th group of signal output. BO_Signal_7 BO_Signal_7 The NO contact of 7th group of signal output. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-22 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 297: Mechanical Relay Modules (Optional)
ResetInput Reset Signal BI_MR1 Binary Input BI_MR2 Signals of Mechanical BI_MR3 protection BO_MR4 BO_MR1_1 BO_MR2_1 BO_MR3_1 BO_MR4_1 Common1 BO_MR1_2 BO_MR2_2 BO_MR3_2 BO_MR4_2 Common2 BO_MR1_3 BO_MR2_3 BO_MR3_3 BO_MR4_3 Common3 Pwr+ Module Power Input Pwr - PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-23 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 298: Ai Module (Analog Input)
AC input signal. NOTE! The rated value of the input current transformer is optional: 1A or 5A. The rated value of the CT must be definitely declared in the technical scheme and the contract. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-24 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 299 NOTE! In above figure, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, I9, I10, I11, I12 and U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6 are polarity terminals of corresponding relevant voltage and current inputs respectively. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-25 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 300 Figure 6.3-10 CT/VT connection for typical application 1 The following table lists the pin definition of AI module. Original New-defined Pin No. Description Symbol Symbol 0401 Ia_H The phase A current input of HV side (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-26 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 301 In this application, there is one branch at HV and LV side respectively with voltage input. AI Module Configuration: Slot No. Module ID Type NR1401 9 current channels and 3voltage channels The CT/VT wiring diagram for the application is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-27 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 302 The phase B current input of LV side. 0411 Ic_L The phase C current input of LV side (polarity). 0412 Icn_L The phase C current input of LV side. 0413 3I0_H The neutral current input of HV side (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-28 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 303 In this application, there is one branch at HV and LV side respectively with voltage input. AI Module Configuration: Slot No. Module ID Type NR1401 9 current inputs and 3 voltage inputs The CT/VT wiring diagram for the application is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-29 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 304 The phase B current input of LV side (polarity). 0410 Ibn_L The phase B current input of LV side. 0411 Ic_L The phase C current input of LV side (polarity). 0412 Icn_L The phase C current input of LV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-30 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 305 AI Module Configuration: Slot No. Module ID Type NR1401 6 current inputs and 6 voltage inputs NR1401 6 current inputs and 6 voltage inputs The CT/VT wiring diagram for the application is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-31 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 306 The phase A voltage input of HV side (polarity). 0414 Uan_H The phase A voltage input of HV side. 0415 Ub_H The phase B voltage input of HV side (polarity). 0416 Ubn_H The phase B voltage input of HV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-32 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 307 The phase C voltage input of LV side (polarity). 0618 Ucn_L The phase C voltage input of LV side. 0619 3U0_H The residual voltage input of HV side (polarity). 0620 3U0n_H The residual voltage input of HV side. 0621 Reserved PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-33 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 308 The following table lists the pin definition of AI module. Original New-defined Pin No. Description Symbol Symbol 0401 Ia_H The phase A current input of HV side (polarity). 0402 Ian_H The phase A current input of HV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-34 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 309 The phase B current input of LV side (polarity). 0604 Ibn_L The phase B current input of LV side. 0605 Ic_L The phase C current input of LV side (polarity). 0606 Icn_L The phase C current input of LV side. 0607 Reserved PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-35 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 310 AI Module Configuration: Slot No. Module ID Type NR1401 6 current inputs and 6 voltage inputs NR1401 6 current inputs and 6 voltage inputs The CT/VT wiring diagram for the application is shown below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-36 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 311 The phase A current input of MV side (polarity). 0408 Ian_M The phase A current input of MV side. 0409 Ib_M The phase B current input of MV side (polarity). 0410 Ibn_M The phase B current input of MV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-37 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 312 0612 Reserved 0613 Ua_L The phase A voltage input of LV side (polarity). 0614 Uan_L The phase A voltage input of LV side. 0615 Ub_L The phase B voltage input of LV side (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-38 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 313 The residual voltage input of LV side (polarity). 0624 3U0n_L The residual voltage input of LV side. Three-winding Transformer application 2 In this application, PCS-978 supports 4 CT groups, two neutral CT and 3 three-phase VTs. AI Module Configuration: Slot No. Module ID Type...
Page 314 0411 Ic_H2 The phase C current input of HV side 2 (polarity). 0412 Icn_H2 The phase C current input of HV side 2. 0413 Ua_H The phase A voltage input of HV side (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-40 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 315 The neutral current input of HV side (polarity). 0614 3I0n_H The neutral current input of HV side. 0615 3I0_M The neutral current input of MV side (polarity). 0616 3I0n_M The neutral current input of MV side. 0617 Reserved 0618 Reserved PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-41 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 316 The phase C voltage input of LV side. Auto-transformer/three-winding application In this application, PCS-978 supports 6 CT groups, 3 neutral CTs and 3 three-phase VTs with broken-delta voltage input. For auto-transformer or three-winding transformer application, users can wire PCS-978 according to the following wiring diagram.
Page 317 0405 Ic_H1 The phase C current input of HV side 1 (polarity). 0406 Icn_H1 The phase C current input of HV side1. 0407 Ia_H2 The phase A current input of HV side 2 (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-43 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 318 0610 Ibn_M2 The phase B current input of MV side 2. 0611 Ic_M2 The phase C current input of MV side 2 (polarity). 0612 Icn_M2 The phase C current input of MV side 2. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-44 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 319: I1N Ian_H1
The phase A voltage input of common winding. 0815 Ib_CW The phase B voltage input of common winding (polarity). 0816 Ibn_CW The phase B voltage input of common winding. 0817 Ic_CW The phase C voltage input of common winding (polarity). PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-45 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 320 Accuracy limit factor Rated accuracy limit primary current (amps) Rated primary current (amps) Performance verification ’ > E Rated secondary limiting emf (volts) Accuracy limit factor Rated accuracy limit primary current (amps) Rated primary current (amps) PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-46 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 321 There are four pins 13, 16, 19 and 22 on the module are ground terminals of the equipment. A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front of this module. The pin definition of the connector is described as below. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-47 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 322 S1 and pin S6 on module NR1410B to control the input signal type of the module. External Transducer To_Transducer_24V Transducer_24V_Return 4-20mA Input_+ NR1410B Jumper Input_- Figure 6.3-19 Typical connection of the module with external transducer S1~S6 (OFF) 0~20mA shunt resistor disabled and 0~5V measure provided. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-48 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 323 CPU through serial port etc. The liquid crystal display module is a high-performance grand liquid crystal panel with soft back lighting, which has a user-friendly interface and an extensive display range. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-49 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 324 6 Hardware Description 6.4 Tripping Output Group The PCS-978 provides output contacts which are controlled by tripping logic settings. Tripping logic settings of each protection element can be configured by users as per their requirements. The tripping logic setting in form of [x.OutMap] is comprised of 16-bit binary number, but that displayed on the LCD is 4-bit hexadecimal number.
Page 325 Abnormal Operation Contact The abnormal operation contacts include initiating cooler, blocking on-load tap changing (OLTC) function and etc. These contacts are assigned to contacts on signal output module by PCS-Explorer software as user requirement. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-51 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 326 6.6.1.1 Protection Configuration Following protective functions are configured with the protection relay, and the functions which are not mentioned in this section are not equipped for user’s protection relay. Table 6.6-1 Protection configuration of PCS-978 for the application Protective function Main protection:...
Page 327 PWR module, DSP module, MON module and tripping output group of PCS-978 for the application have similar terminal definitions to those modules in above sections so please refer to the them for details.
Page 328 The phase C current input of MV side 0412 Icn_M 0413 Ua_H The phase A voltage input of HV side. 0414 Uan_H 0415 Ub_H The phase B voltage input of HV side. 0416 Ubn_H PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-54 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 329 0615 Ub_L The phase B voltage input of LV side. 0616 Ubn_L 0617 Uc_L The phase C voltage input of LV side. 0618 Ucn_L 0619 U0_H Broken-delta voltage input of HV side 0620 U0n_H PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-55 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 330 The NO contact 2 of 1st group of output. 1304 1305 BO_Trp_3 BO_Trp_1-3 The NO contact 3 of 1st group of output. 1306 1307 BO_Trp_4 BO_Trp_2-1 The NO contact 1 of 2nd group of output. 1308 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-56 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 331 The NO contact 1 of 9th group of output. 1416 1417 BO_Trp_9 BO_Trp_9-2 The NO contact 2 of 9th group of output. 1418 1419 BO_Trp_10 BO_Trp_10-1 The NO contact 1 of 10th group of output. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-57 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 332 The NO contact 2 of 2nd group of signal output. 1508 1509 BO_Signal_5 BO_Signal_3-1 The NO contact 1 of 3rd group of output. 1510 1511 BO_Signal_6 BO_Signal_3-2 The NO contact 2 of 3rd group of output. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-58 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 333 The NC contact of 6th group of output. 1518 1519 BO_Signal_10 BO_Signal_7 The NO contact of 7th group of output. 1520 1521 The NO magnetic latched contact for indicating protection BO_Signal_11 BO_Prot operation. 1522 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-59 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 334 6 Hardware Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay 6-60 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 335 7.3.17 Thermal Overload Protection Settings ................7-22 7.3.18 Breaker Failure Protection Settings ................. 7-23 7.3.19 Pole Disagreement Protection Setting ................7-23 7.3.20 Phase Overcurrent Alarm Settings ................... 7-24 7.3.21 Residual Overvoltage Alarm Element ................7-24 7.4 Device Setup ....................7-24 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 336 Table 7.3-20 Setting list of phase overcurrent alarm (x=HVS, MVS, LVS) (stage n=1,2) ... 7-24 Table 7.3-21 Setting list of residual overvoltage alarm element (x=HVS, MVS, LVS) ..7-24 Table 7.4-1 Device setting list ....................7-25 Table 7.4-2 Communication setting list .................. 7-26 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 337: Overview
0~11 phase compensation 0: disable, Enable zero-sequence current elimination for phase 13 En_I0Elim_HVS 1: enable compensation of HV side. 0: disable, Enable zero-sequence current elimination for phase 14 En_I0Elim_MVS 1: enable compensation of MV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 338 The setting is recommended to be set to “1” in general condition, and only if one side of transformer, without eathing transformer being connected to, is no grounded, the setting of corresponding side PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 339                                    PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 340 (i.e. phase-to-phase voltage) shall be taken as this setting value, otherwise the calculation of correction coefficient may be wrong For example, if the voltage at 220kV side is 230kV for an on-load tap changing transformer with PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 341: Protection Settings
Please refer to Chapter2 Operation Theory for detailed description for each setting item. 7.3.1 Transformer Current Differential Portection Setting Table 7.3-1 Setting list of transformer current differential protection Setting Item Range Step Unit Description Current setting of knee point 1 of biased 87T.I_Knee1 0.1~1 0.001 differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 342 Logic setting of enabling/disabling blocking 0: disable 87T.En_CTS_Blk biased differential protecting during CT circuit 1: enable failure. Logic setting of selecting 3 or 5 harmonic for 87T.Opt_Hm3/Hm5_ overexcitation criterion. OvExc 0: 3 harmonic; 1: 5 harmonic PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 343: Reactor Current Differenital Protection Settings
Setting Item Range Step Unit Description x.64REF.I_Knee 0.1~4 0.001 Knee point setting of biased REF protection. x.64REF.I_Biased 0.05~5 0.001 Pickup setting of biased REF protection Percentage restraint coefficient of biased REF x.64REF.Slope 0.2~0.75 0.001 protection PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 344: Winding Differential Protection Settings
Logic setting of enabling/disabling inter-turn fault IntTurn.En 1: enable protection. IntTurn.OutMap 0000~FFFF Tripping logic setting of inter-turn fault protection. 7.3.6 Overexcitation Protection Settings Table 7.3-6 Settings of overexcitation protection Setting Item Range Step Unit Description PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 345 Time delay setting corresponding to multiple setting 4: 24IDMT.t4_Op 0.1~9999 0.001 Multiple setting 5 of inverse-time overexcitation 24IDMT.K5_Set 1.0~1.7 0.001 protection: n5 Time delay setting corresponding to multiple setting 5: 24IDMT.t5_Op 0.1~9999 0.001 24IDMT.K6_Set 1.0~1.7 0.001 Multiple setting 6 of inverse-time overexcitation PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 346: Frequency Protection Settings
Tripping logic setting of stage 1 of overfrequency 81O.OF1.OutMap. 0000~FFFF protection. Frequency setting of stage 2 of overfrequency 81O.OF2.f_Set 50~65 0.01 protection. 81O.OF2.t_Op 0.1~6000 0.001 Time delay of OF stage 2. 81O.OF2.En 0:disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling stage 2 of 7-10 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 347 Time delay of stage 2 of underfrequency 81U.UF2.t_Op 0.1~6000s 0.001 protection. 0:disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling stage 2 of 81U.UF2.En 1:enable underfrequency protection. 0:disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling df/dt blocking 81U.UF2.En_df/dt_Blk 1:enable function for stage 2 of underfrequency protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 348: Mechanical Protection Settings
Delay pickup time of tripping command of MR2 MR.t_DPU_2 0~3600 0.001 mechanical protection. Pulse width of tripping command of MR2 MR.t_PW_2 0~10 0.001 mechanical protection 0: disable Logic setting of enabling MR2 mechanical MR.En_2 1: enable protection. 7-12 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 349: Temperature Protection Settings
0: disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling temperature 26.En_Alm 1: enable alarm element. 26.OutMap 0000~FFFF Tripping logic setting of temperature protection Logic setting of selecting the mode of 26.Opt_TransducerInpu transducer input. 0: 0~20mA DC signal PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 350: Impedance Protection Settings
Ω x.21.ZG1.Z_Rev -100~1000 0.01 phase-to-earth impedance protection Time delay of stage 1 of phase-to-earth x.21.ZG1.t_Op 0.05~20 0.001 impedance protection 0: disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling stage 1 of x.21.ZG1.En 1: enable phase-to-earth impedance protection 7-14 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 351: Phase Overcurrent Protection Settings
Logic setting of enabling voltage control element for x.50/51Pn.En_VCE 1: enable phase overcurrent protection. Logic setting of selecting control mode of directional x.50/51Pn.Opt_Dir element to stage n of phase overcurrent protection. 0: no direction; PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-15 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 352 1: enable 0: disable; 1: enable Logic setting of enabling stage 4 of phase 0: disable x.50/51P4.En overcurrent protection. 1: enable 0: disable; 1: enable x.51P4.OutMap 0000~FFFF Tripping logic setting of stage 4 of phase 7-16 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 353: Ground Overcurrent Protection Settings
0.001 protection Multiplier of the maximum operating residual x.50/51G4.K_3I0set 10~40 0.001 current to the pickup setting of stage 4 of ground overcurrent protection. x.50/51G4.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 Time delay of stage 4 of ground overcurrent PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 354: Negative-Sequence Overcurrent Protection
Current setting of stage 1 of negative-sequence x.50/51Q1.I2_Set 0.04A~30In 0.001 overcurrent protection Time delay of stage 1 of negative-sequence x.50/51Q1.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 overcurrent protection 0: disable Logic setting enabling stage x.50/51Q1.En 1: enable negative-sequence overcurrent protection. 7-18 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 355: Phase Overvoltage Protection Settings
1 of phase overvoltage protection. Logic setting of selecting “1 out of 3” or “3 out of 3” x.59P1.Opt_1P/3P logic for operation criterion of stage 1 of phase overvoltage protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-19 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 356: Residual Overvotlage Protection Settings
Table 7.3-15 Setting list of resdual overvoltage protection (x=HVS, MVS, LVS) Setting Item Range Step Unit Description Voltage setting of stage 1 of residual overvoltage x.59G1.3U0_Set 2~200 0.001 protection. x.59G1.t_Op 0~3600 0.001 Time delay of stage 1 of residual overvoltage 7-20 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 357: Undervoltge Protection Settings
Voltage setting of stage 1 of undervoltage x.27.UV1.U_Set 10~100 0.001 protection. x.27.UV1.t_Op 0.05~100 0.001 Time delay of stage 1 of undervoltage protection. 0: disable Logic setting of enabling du/dt blocking function for x.27.UV1.En_du/dt_Blk 1: enable stage 1 of undervoltage protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-21 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 358: Thermal Overload Protection Settings
Setting of thermal capacity for alarming. 49.K_Alm 0.04A~30In 0.001 Base current setting. 49.Ib_Set 0.1~100 0.001 Thermal time constant 49.Tau 0: disable Logic setting of enabling tripping function. 49.En_Trp 1: enable 0: disable Logic setting of enabling alarming function. 49.En_Alm 7-22 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 359: Breaker Failure Protection Settings
0~20 0.001 Time delay of breaker failure protection. for alarming 0: disable Logic setting of enabling/disabling residual current x.62PD.En_3I0 1: enable criterion to control pole disagreement protection. x.62PD.En_I2 0: disable Logic setting enabling/disabling PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-23 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 360: Phase Overcurrent Alarm Settings
0: Measured residual voltage 1: Calculated residual voltage 0000~FFF Tripping logic setting of residual overvoltage alarm x.59GAlm.OutMap element. 7.4 Device Setup 7.4.1 Device Settings  Setting list 7-24 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 361 The setting is used to set the voltage level of binary input module. 24V and 48V can be selected when low-voltage BI module is equipped and 110V or 220V can be selected when high voltage BI module is equipped.  Setting path PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-25 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 362 SCADA or gateway via RS-485 serial port 1. 4800,9600,19200, Baud_RS485A Baud rate of rear RS-485 serial port 1. 38400,57600,115200 bps Communication protocol of rear RS-485 serial port 0: IEC60870-5-103; Protocol_RS485A 0～3 1: Modbus 2: Reserved 3: Reserved 7-26 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 363 UTC . OffsetMinute_UTC 0~60min The offset minute of local time from UTC. Primary value/ Select display measurement values is primary value Opt_Display_Status Seconday value or secondary value  Setting explanation [En_LANx] (x= 2, 3, 4) PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-27 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 364: Protocol_Rs485B
IRIG-B(RS-485): IRIG-B via RS-485 differential level. Conventional PPM(DIN): Pulse per minute (PPM) via the binary input [BI_TimeSyn]. PPS(DIN): Pulse per second (PPS) via the binary input [BI_TimeSyn]. SNTP(PTP): Unicast (point to point) SNTP mode via Ethernet network. 7-28 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 365: Ip_Server_Sntp
Example 2: In Argentina where UTC offset is UTC-3:00, [OffsetHour_UTC] and [OffsetMinute_UTC] should be set as “-3hrs” and “0min” respectively. Example 3: In Nepal where UTC offset is UTC +5:45, [OffsetHour_UTC] and [OffsetMinute_UTC] should be set as “+5hrs” and “45min” respectively. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 7-29 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 366 -12/12 Time zone West 6 West 7 West 8 West 9 West 10 West 11 Setting  Setting Path Access path in menu is: Main Menu -> Settings -> Device Setup -> Comm Settings 7-30 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 367 8.3.2 Display during Normal Operation ..................8-15 8.3.3 Display When Tripping ....................... 8-16 8.3.4 Display under Abnormal Condition ..................8-18 8.3.5 Display When Binary State Changes ................. 8-19 8.3.6 Display Device Logs ......................8-21 8.4 Keypad Operation ..................8-22 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 368 8.4.13 Communication Test ......................8-32 8.4.14 Select Language ......................8-33 List of Figures Figure 8.1-1 Front panel of PCS-978 ..................8-1 Figure 8.1-2 Keypad mounted on the front panel ..............8-2 Figure 8.1-3 the figure shows the LED indications ..............8-3 Figure 8.1-4 Corresponding cable of the RJ45 port in the front panel ........
Page 369 Table 8.1-1 Definition of the 8-core cable ................. 8-4 Table 8.3-1 Tripping report messages ..................8-17 Table 8.3-2 Contact inputs list ....................8-20 Table 8.3-3 Contact outputs list ....................8-21 Table 8.3-4 User Operating event list ..................8-22 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 370 8 Human Machine Interface PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 371: Overview
LED or a report displayed on the LCD. Operator can locate the data of interest by navigating the keypad. PCS-978 HEALTHY TRANSFORMER RELAY ALARM TRIP Figure 8.1-1 Front panel of PCS-978 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 372: Keypad Operation
 Enter the next menu or return to the previous menu  upward and downward direction keys (“▲” and “▼”) Move the cursor vertically  Select command menu within the same level of menu  PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 373: Led Indications
“ALARM” LED is turned on when abnormalities of equipment occurs like above mentioned and can be turned off after abnormalities are removed except alarm report [Alm_CTS] which can only be reset only when the failure is removed and the equipment PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 374: Front Communication Port
TXD of the RS-232 serial port P1-4 P3-2 Brown & white RXD of the RS-232 serial port P1-5 P3-3 Green RX- for the Ethernet port P1-6 P2-6 Blue & white The ground connection of the RS-232 port. P1-7 P3-5 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 375: Ethernet Pot Setup
Network A Network B SYN+ SYN- SGND SGND Figure 8.1-5 Rear view and terminal definition of NR1102C NOTE! If using other Ethernet port, for example, Ethernet B, the logic setting [En_LAN2] must be set as “1”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 376: Understand The Hmi Menu Tree
Quick Menu Language Reset Target Device Settings Mainmenu For the first powered protective device, there is no recorded shortcut menu. Press “▲” to enter the main menu with the interface as shown in the following diagram: PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 377 8 Human Machine Interface Measurements Status Records Settings Print Local Cmd Information Test Clock Language PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 378 Mechanical Prot Settings All Settings OverTemp Prot Settings Language Latest Modified Frequency Prot Settings HVS Backup Prot Settings MVS Backup Prot Settings LVS Backup Prot Settings Trip Logic Settings Figure 8.2-1 Tree diagram of total command menu PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 379: Measurement
The menu “Measurements3” has following lower submenus. Item Description Display measured values, such as active power, reactive power, Power Measurements apparent power and power factor. Display measured temperature external transducers Temp Measurements temperature protection. The menu “Measurements2” has following lower submenus. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 380: Status
All the records are stored in non-volatile memory, and it can still record the reports even if it loses its power. This menu includes the following command menus. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 381: Settings
Display and modify the settings of backup protection of LV side. Trip Logic Settings Display and modify the programmable tripping logic settings. 8.2.5.2 Logic Links The submenu “Logic Links” includes the following command menus. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 382: Print
Print 103 protocol information, including function type (FUN), IEC103 Info information serial number (INF), general classification service group number and channel number (ACC). 8.2.6.1 Settings The menu “Settings” has following submenus. Item Function description System Settings Print the system settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-12 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 383 Label Settings Print label settings of protective device. 8.2.6.2 Waveforms The submenu “Waveforms” has following submenus. Item Description Diff Wave Print differential current waveforms. HVS Wave Print voltage and current waveforms of HV side. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-13 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 384: Local Cmd
The submenu “Device Test” has following submenus. Users can respectively execute the test automatically or manually by selecting commands “All Test” or “Select Test”. Item Function description Protection Elements Generate messages of protection element to transmit to SCADA. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-14 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 385: Clock
When the equipment is powered on, based on actual connection of the transformer, the LCD will display single line diagram on its connection diagrams. If the transformer has three windings and 2 branches on LV side, the LCD will display by configuring the logic settings. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-15 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 386: Display When Tripping
LCD will automatically display the latest fault report, and two kinds of LCD display will be available depending on whether there is self-check report at present. If the device has no self-check report, the display interface will only show the fault report. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-16 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 387 For the situation that the fault report and the self-check alarm report occur simultaneously in the following figure, the upper half part is fault report, and the lower half part is self-check report. As to PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 388: Display Under Abnormal Condition
Figure 8.3-3 LCD display 2 of trip report and alarm report 8.3.4 Display under Abnormal Condition This protection device can store 1024 self-check reports. During the running of protection device, the self-check report of hardware errors or system running abnormity will be displayed immediately. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-18 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 389: Display When Binary State Changes
LCD as follows. This protective equipment can store 1024 events of binary signals. During the running of the equipment, the binary signals will be displayed once the input signal state changes. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-19 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 390 Binary input 07 of binary input module at slot xx position. Bxx.BI_08 Binary input 08 of binary input module at slot xx position. Bxx.BI_09 Binary input 09 of binary input module at slot xx position. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-20 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 391: Display Device Logs
Binary input 16 of binary input module at slot xx position. 8.3.6 Display Device Logs This protection device can store 1024 pieces of equipment logs. During the running of the protection device, equipment logs will be displayed after user operations. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-21 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 392: Keypad Operation
Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the cursor to the “Measurements” menu, and then press the “ENT” or “►” to enter the menu. Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the cursor to any command menu item, and then press PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-22 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 393: View Device Status
Press the key “▲” to enter the main menu. Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the cursor to the “Print” menu, and then press the “ENT” or “►” to enter the menu. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-23 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 394: View Device Setting
LCD will display “Printer Busy…”. Press the key “ESC” to exit this menu (returning to the menu “Waveforms”). 8.4.5 View Device Setting The operation is as follows: Press the key “▲” to enter the main menu. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-24 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 395: Modify Device Setting
“◄”, “►” or “ESC”, and the LCD will display “Save or Not?”. Directly press the “ESC” or press the key “◄” or “►” to move the cursor. Select the “Cancel”, and then press the key “ENT” to automatically exit this menu (returning to the PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-25 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 396 If the check doesn’t pass, the protection device will be blocked. If selecting the command menu of protection element or tripping matrix such as “Diff Prot Settings”, the LCD will display the following interface: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-26 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 397 Modified Value Min Value 0.05 Max Value 5.00 Figure 8.4-3 Display 2 of modifying settings 10. If selecting the other menus, move the cursor to the setting to be modified, and then press the “ENT”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-27 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 398: Copy Device Setting
“Settings”. If the password is correct, the LCD will display “Copy Settings Success!”, and exit this menu (returning to the menu “Settings”). 8.4.8 Switch Setting Group The operation is as follows: Exit the main menu. Press the “GRP”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-28 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 399: Delete Records
Exit the main menu. Press the “＋”, “－”, “＋”, “－” and key “ENT”; Press the key “ESC” to exit this menu (returning to the original state). Press the key “ENT” to carry out the deletion. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-29 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 400: Modify Device Clock
The operation is as follows: Press the key “▲” to enter the main menu. Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the cursor to the “Clock” menu, and then press the key “ENT” to enter clock display. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-30 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 401: Check Software Version
Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the cursor to the command menu “Board Info”, and then press the “ENT” to enter the menu. Press the key “▲” or “▼” to move the scroll bar. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-31 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 402: Communication Test
“Test” menu, at this moment, the LCD will display “Communication Test Timeout and Exiting...”. Press the key “ESC” to exit this menu (returning to the menu “TEST”, at this moment, the LCD will display “Communication Test Exiting…”. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-32 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 403: Select Language
NOTE! The LCD interface provided in this chapter is only a reference and available for explaining specific definition of LCD. The displayed interface of the actual protection device may be some different from it, so you shall be subject to the actual protection device. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-33 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 404 8 Human Machine Interface PCS-978 Transformer Relay 8-34 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 405 List of Tables Table 9.3-1 Configurable input signals ..................9-2 Table 9.3-2 Configurable output signals ................... 9-7 Table 9.3-3 Configurable signals of intermediate variable element ........9-11 Table 9.4-1 Configuralbe LED indicator list ................9-11 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 406: Configurable Function
9 Configurable Function PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 407: Overview
By adoption of PCS-Explorer software, it is able to make device configuration, function configuration, LCD configuration, binary input and binary output configuration, LED indicator configuration and programming logic for PCS-978. 9.2 Introduction on PCS-Explorer software PCS-Explorer software is developed in order to meet customer’s demand on functions of UAPC platform device such as device configuration and programmable design.
Page 408: Signal List
Three-phase current data input 4 for winding differential protection. 87W I1P Residual current data input of winding differential protection. 87W En1 Input signal 1 of enabling winding differential protection. 87W En2 Input signal 2 of enabling winding differential protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 409 Input signal 1 of enabling impedance protection. 21.En2 Input signal 2 of enabling impedance protection. 21.Blk Input signal of blocking impedance protection. x.50/51P1.I3P Three phase current data input for ground overcurrent protection stage 1 of x PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 410 Measured neutral current data input for ground overcurrent protection stage 2 x.50/51G2.I1P of x side. Measured neutral current data input for ground overcurrent protection stage 3 x.50/51G3.I1P of x side. x.50/51G4.I1P Measured neutral current data input for ground overcurrent protection stage 4 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 411 Input signal of blocking phase overvoltage protection stage 2 of x side. Three phase voltage data input for residual overvoltage stage 1 of x side, x.59G1.U3P including calculated residual voltage. x.59G2.U3P Three phase voltage data input for residual overvoltage stage 2 of x side, PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 412 Input signal of programmable tripping output element 6. Sig_ProgTrp07 Input signal of programmable tripping output element 7. Sig_ProgTrp08 Input signal of programmable tripping output element 8. Sig_ProgTrp09 Input signal of programmable tripping output element 9. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 413: Output Signals
Reactor differential protection starts. Alarm message indicating that CT secondary circuit of reactor differential 87R Alm_CTS protection fails. Alarm message indicating CT secondary circuit of reactor differential protection 87R Alm_Diff abnormal. 87R Op_Instant Reactor instantaneous differential protection operates. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 414 Output signal of repeating MR signal input 4. MR.Op1 MR1 mechanical protection operates. MR.Op2 MR2 mechanical protection operates. MR.Op3 MR3 mechanical protection operates. MR.Op4 MR4 mechanical protection operates. 26.Temp_PhA Calculated temperature of phase A signal from external transducer. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 415 Undervoltage protection stage 2 of x side operates to issue trip command. x.27.UV3.Op Undervoltage protection stage 3 of x side operates to issue trip command. x.27.UV4.Op Undervoltage protection stage 4 of x side operates to issue trip command. PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 416: Signals Of Intermediate Variable Element
A residual voltage data set of x side. x.Volt1P.Ang(3U0) Phase angle of residual voltage of x side. 9.3.1 Signals of Intermediate Variable Element The following signals of intermediate variable are used to transfer signals by programmable logic, 9-10 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 417: Configurable Led Indicators
HEALTHY configure it Fixed as the abnormality alarm LED indicator, can not ALARM ALARM configure it TRIP Configured as the protection operation LED indicator The No.04 programmable LED indicator The No.05 programmable LED indicator PCS-978 Transformer Relay 9-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 418 NOTE! The No.3 LED (i.e. in3) is configured as the protection operation LED indicator “TRIP” as default. If users want to configure the No.3 LED as other functions, please inform manufacturer when placing an order. 9-12 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 419 10.5.4 Server Data Organization ....................10-11 10.5.5 Server Features and Configuration ................10-14 10.5.6 ACSI Conformance......................10-16 10.5.7 Logical Nodes ......................... 10-20 10.6 DNP3.0 Interface ..................10-23 10.6.1 Overview ......................... 10-23 10.6.2 Link Layer Functions ...................... 10-23 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-a Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 420 Figure 10.5-1 Dual-net full duplex mode sharing the RCB block instance ......10-9 Figure 10.5-2 Dual-net hot-standby mode sharing the same RCB instance ....10-10 Figure 10.5-3 Dual-net full duplex mode with 2 independent RCB instances ....10-11 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-b Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 421: Overview
However, this product does not provide such a facility, so if it is located at the bus terminus then an external termination resistor will be required. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-1 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 422 The DC source used for the bias must be clean; otherwise noise will be injected. Note that some devices may (optionally) be able to provide the bus bias, in which case external components will not be required. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-2 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 423: Ethernet Interface
Dual-network is recommended in order to increase reliability. SCADA is also connected to the exchanger and will play a role of master station, so the every equipment which has been connected to the exchanger will play a role of slave unit. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-3 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 424: Iec60870-5-103 Communication
The protective device conforms to compatibility level 2; compatibility level 3 is not supported. The following IEC60870-5-103 facilities are supported by this interface:  Initialization (reset)  Time synchronization  Event record extraction  General interrogation PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-4 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 425: Physical Connection And Link Layer
Operation elements are sent by ASDU2 (time-tagged message with relative time), and status of binary Input and alarm element are sent by ASDU1 (time-tagged message). The cause of transmission (COT) of these responses is 1. Operation elements sent by ASDU2 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-5 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 426: Iec60870-5-103 Interface Over Ethernet
The complete set includes:  IEC 61850-1: Introduction and overview  IEC 61850-2: Glossary  IEC 61850-3: General requirements  IEC 61850-4: System and project management PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-6 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 427: Communication Profiles
10.5.2 Communication Profiles The PCS-978 series relays supports IEC 61850 server services over TCP/IP communication protocol stacks. The TCP/IP profile requires the PCS-978 series relays to have an IP address to establish communications. These addresses are located in the submenu “Settings->Device Setup->Comm Settings”.
Page 428: Mms Communication Network Deployment
Note! Hereinafter, the normal operation status of net means the physical link and TCP link are both ok. The abnormal operation status of net means physical link or TCP link is broken. Mode 1: Dual-net full duplex mode sharing the same RCB instance PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-8 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 429 In mode 1, one report will be transmitted twice via dual nets for the same report instance, so the client needs to distinguish whether two reports are same according to corresponding EntryIDs. Mode 2: Dual-net hot-standby mode sharing the same RCB instance PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-9 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 430 Net B IP address of the IED must be configured as 198.121.1.2, i.e.: Net A IED host address =1x256+2=258, Net B IED host address =1x256+2=258, Net A IED host address equals to Net B IED host address. Mode 3: Dual-net full duplex mode with 2 independent RCB instances PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-10 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 431: Server Data Organization
(for proxy). Each logical device can contain many logical nodes. Each logical node can contain many data objects. Each data object is composed of data attributes and data attribute components. Services are available at each level for performing PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-11 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 432 IED logical device. 10.5.4.1 Digital Status Values The GGIO logical node is available in the PCS-978 series relays to provide access to digital status points (including general I/O inputs and warnings) and associated timestamps and quality flags.
Page 433 IED will be blocked and those commands make effective until the item Loc is changed to false. In PCS-978 series relays, besides the logical nodes we describe above, there are some other logical nodes below in the IEDs: ...
Page 434: Server Features And Configuration
－ Bit 1: Data-change － Bit 4: Integrity － Bit 5: General interrogation  OptFlds: Option Fields. The following bits are supported by the PCS-978 series relays: － Bit 1: Sequence-number － Bit 2: Report-time-stamp － Bit 3: Reason-for-inclusion － Bit 4: Data-set-name －...
Page 435 The GOOSE transmission (including subscribing and publishing) is controlled by GOOSE logic link settings in device. The PCS-978 series relays support IEC61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) communication. All GOOSE messages contain IEC61850 data collected into a dataset. It is this dataset that is transferred using GOOSE message services.
Page 436: Acsi Conformance
Subscriber side Where: C1: Shall be "M" if support for LOGICAL-DEVICE model has been declared O: Optional M: Mandatory Supported by PCS-978 relay N: Currently not supported by PCS-978 relay 10.5.6.2 ACSI Models Conformance Statement Services Client Server PCS-978 Logical device...
Page 437 C2: Shall be "M" if support for LOGICAL-NODE model has been declared C3: Shall be "M" if support for DATA model has been declared C4: Shall be "M" if support for DATA-SET, Substitution, Report, Log Control, or Time models has been declared PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-17 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 438 10 Communication C5: Shall be "M" if support for Report, GSE, or SMV models has been declared M: Mandatory Supported by PCS-978 relay N: Currently not supported by PCS-978 relay 10.5.6.3 ACSI Services Conformance Statement Service Server/Publisher PCS-978 Server ServerDirectory...
Page 439 Report data-change S27-1 qchg-change S27-2 S27-3 data-update GetURCBValues SetURCBValues Logging Log control block GetLCBValues SetLCBValues QueryLogByTime QueryLogAfter GetLogStatusValues Generic substation event model (GSE) GOOSE control block SendGOOSEMessage GetGoReference GetGOOSEElementNumber GetGoCBValues SetGoCBValuess Control Select SelectWithValue PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-19 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 440: Logical Nodes
Time SNTP 10.5.7 Logical Nodes 10.5.7.1 Logical Nodes Table The PCS-978 relay supports IEC61850 logical nodes as indicated in the following table. Note that the actual instantiation of each logical node is determined by the product order code. Nodes PCS-978...
Page 441 CCGR: Cooling group control － CILO: Interlocking － CPOW: Point-on-wave switching － CSWI: Switch controller G: Logical Nodes For Generic References － GAPC: Generic automatic process control GGIO: Generic process I/O － GSAL: Generic security application PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-21 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 442 Y: Logical Nodes For Power Transformers － YEFN: Earth fault neutralizer (Peterson coil) － YLTC: Tap changer － YPSH: Power shunt YPTR: Power transformer Z: Logical Nodes For Further Power System Equipment － ZAXN: Auxiliary network － ZBAT: Battery PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-22 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 443: Dnp3.0 Interface
Please see the DNP3.0 protocol standard for the details about the transport functions. 10.6.4 Application Layer Functions 10.6.4.1 Time Synchronization Time delay measurement Master/Slave Function Code Object Variation Qualifier －－－ Master 0x17 Slave 0x81 0x34 0x02 0x07 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-23 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 444 If the master qualifier is “0x07”, the slave responsive qualifier is “0x27”; and if the master qualifier is “0x01”, “0x06” or “0x08”, the slave responsive qualifier is “0x28”.  Object 30, Analog inputs Master Variation 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x01 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 Slave Variation PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-24 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 445 The master adopts the “Object 60” for the multiple object request and the variation is “0x01”, “0x02”, “0x03” and “0x04”. The slave responds with the above mentioned “Object 1”, “Object 2”, “Object 30” and “Object 40” see “Supported objects and variations” in Section 10.6.4.3. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-25 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 446 10 Communication PCS-978 Transformer Relay 10-26 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 447 11.7.6 Wiring for Electrical Cables ....................11-7 Table of Figures Figure 11.6-1 Dimensions of PCS-978 ..................11-3 Figure 11.6-2 Panel cut-out dimensions of PCS-978 ............. 11-3 Figure 11.6-3 Demonstration of plugging a board into its corresponding slot ....11-4 Figure 11.7-1 Cubicle grounding system ................11-5 Figure 11.7-2 Ground terminal of this relay ................
Page 448 11 Installation 11-b PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 449: General
The basic precautions to guard against electrostatic discharge are as follows:  Should boards have to be removed from this relay installed in a grounded cubicle in an HV PCS-978 Transformer Relay 11-1 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 450: Checking The Shipment
Since every piece of technical equipment can be damaged or destroyed by inadmissible ambient conditions, such as: The location should not be exposed to excessive air pollution (dust, aggressive substances). Severe vibration, extreme changes of temperature, high levels of humidity, surge voltages of 11-2 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 451: Mechanical Installation
Figure 11.6-1 Dimensions of PCS-978 465.0 4-Ф6.8 450.0 Figure 11.6-2 Panel cut-out dimensions of PCS-978 NOTE! It is necessary to leave enough space top and bottom of the cut-out in the cubicle for heat emission of this relay. PCS-978 Transformer Relay...
Page 452: Electrical Installation And Wiring
Metal accessories such as side plates, blanking plates etc., must be effectively connected surface-to-surface to the grounded frame to ensure a low-impedance path to ground for RF interference. The contact surfaces must not only conduct well, they must also be non-corroding. 11-4 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 453: Ground Connection On The Device
There are some ground terminals on some connectors of this relay, and the sign is “GND”. All the ground terminals are connected in the cabinet of this relay. So, the ground terminal on the rear panel (see Figure 11.7-2) is the only ground terminal of this device. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 11-5 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 454: Grounding Strips And Their Installation
AC voltage inputs: brained copper cable, 1.5mm ~ 2.5mm  AC current inputs: brained copper cable, 2.5mm ~ 6.0mm  Serial communication: 4-core shielded braided cable  Ethernet communication: 4-pair screened twisted category 5E cable 11-6 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 455: Wiring For Electrical Cables
Figure 11.7-4 Glancing demo about the wiring for electrical cables DANGER! Never allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this equipment to be opened while the primary system is live. Opening the CT circuit will produce a dangerously high voltage. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 11-7 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 456 11 Installation 11-8 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 457 12.3 Commission Tools ..................12-2 12.4 Setting Familiarization .................12-2 12.5 Product Checks ....................12-3 12.5.1 With the Relay De-energized ................... 12-3 12.5.2 With the Relay Energized ....................12-5 12.5.3 Print Fault Report ......................12-8 12.5.4 On-load Checks ........................ 12-9 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-a Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 458 12 Commissioning PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-b Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 459: General
When testing the device with secondary test equipment, make sure that no other measurement quantities are connected. Take also into consideration that the trip circuits and maybe also close commands to the circuit breakers and other primary switches are disconnected from the device unless expressly stated. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-1 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 460: Commission Tools
 EIA RS-485 to EIA RS-232 converter (if EIA RS-485 IEC60870-5-103 port is being tested).  PCS-978 serials dedicated protection tester HELP-9000. 12.4 Setting Familiarization When commissioning this device for the first time, sufficient time should be allowed to become familiar with the method by which the settings are applied.
Page 461: Product Checks
 Measuring elements test  Timers test  Metering and recording test  Conjunctive tests The tests are performed after the relay is connected with the primary equipment and other PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-3 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 462 Isolate all wiring from the earth and test the isolation with an electronic or brushless insulation tester at a DC voltage not exceeding 500V, The circuits need to be tested should include: PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-4 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 463: With The Relay Energized
The current and voltage transformer connections must remain isolated from the relay for these checks. The trip circuit should also remain isolated to prevent accidental operation of the associated circuit breaker. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-5 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 464 Apply rated current to each current transformer input in turn; checking its magnitude by using a multimeter/test set readout. The corresponding reading can then be checked in the relays menu. The measurement accuracy of the protection is 2.5% or 0.02In. However, an additional allowance PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-6 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 465 NOTE! The closing circuit should remain isolated during these checks to prevent accidental operation of the associated circuit breaker. Linearity and precision checkout Input Measurement (on LCD) Items Value Angle Value Angle Three-phase voltage 1 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-7 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 466: Print Fault Report
[BI_Print] or operate control menu. What should be noticed is that only the latest fault report can be printed if operator presses the print button. A complete fault report includes the content shown as follows. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-8 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 467: On-Load Checks
Ensure that all event records, fault records, disturbance records and alarms have been cleared and LED’s has been reset before leaving the protection. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-9 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 468 12 Commissioning PCS-978 Transformer Relay 12-10 Date: 2012-12-07...
Page 469 13 Maintenance 13 Maintenance Table of Contents 13.1 Appearance Check ..................13-1 13.2 Failure Tracing and Repair ................13-1 13.3 Replace Failed Modules ................13-1 13.4 Cleaning ....................... 13-3 13.5 Storage ......................13-3 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 13-a Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 470 13 Maintenance PCS-978 Transformer Relay 13-b Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 471: Appearance Check
13 Maintenance NR numerical relay PCS-978 is designed to require no special maintenance. All measurement and signal processing circuit are fully solid state. All input modules are also fully solid state. The output relays are hermetically sealed. Since the device is almost completely self-monitored, from the measuring inputs to the output relays, hardware and software defects are automatically detected and reported.
Page 472 Replacing the AI, PWR, MON, DSP, BI, IO, BO module  Unscrew the module connector  Unplug the connector from the target module.  Unscrew the module.  Pull out the module  Inset the replacement module in the reverser procedure. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 13-2 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 473: Cleaning
The spare relay or module should be stored in a dry and clean room. Based on IEC standard 60255-1 the storage temperature should be from -40° C to 70° C, but the temperature of from 0° C to 40° C is recommended for long-term storage. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 13-3 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 474 13 Maintenance PCS-978 Transformer Relay 13-4 Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 475 14 Decommissioning and Disposal 14 Decommissioning and Disposal Table of Contents 14.1 Decommissioning ..................14-1 14.1.1 Switching off ........................14-1 14.1.2 Disconnecting Cables ...................... 14-1 14.1.3 Dismantling ........................14-1 14.2 Disposal ......................14-1 PCS-978 Transformer Relay 14-a Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 476 14 Decommissioning and Disposal 14-b PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 477 14 Decommissioning and Disposal 14.1 Decommissioning 14.1.1 Switching off To switch off the PCS-978, switch off the external miniature circuit breaker of the power supply. 14.1.2 Disconnecting Cables Disconnect the cables in accordance with the rules and recommendations made by relational department.
Page 478 14 Decommissioning and Disposal 14-2 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2012-10-09...
Page 479 NR1502M, and add NR1521C module. 2． Add tyical configuration protection three-winding transformer. 1． Add temperature protection. R1.12 2． Add impedance protection. 2.04 2.03 2013-01-16 R1.13 3． Add negative-sequence overcurrent protection. 4． Add residual overvoltage alarm element. PCS-978 Transformer Relay 15-1 Date: 2013-01-16...
Page 480 15 Manual Version History 15-2 PCS-978 Transformer Relay Date: 2013-01-16...

NR Electric PCS-978 Instruction Manual

1 Introduction

Application

Figure 1.1-1 2-Winding and 3-Winding Applications

Figure 1.1-2 Autotransformer Applications

Table 1.2-1 Protective Functions in PCS-978

Functions

Figure 1.2-1 Function Diagram 1 for Protecting a Three-Winding Transformer

Figure 1.2-2 Function Diagram 2 for Protecting an Auto-Transformer

Figure 1.2-3 Function Diagram 3 for Protecting a Reactor

Table 1.2-2 Miscellaneous Functions in PCS-978

Features

Introduction

2 Technical Data

4 Supervision

Relay Self-Supervision

Table of Contents

Overview

Equipment Operation Supervision

Failure and Abnormality Alarms

6 Hardware Description

Overview

Table of Contents

Typical Wiring

Plug-In Module Terminal Definition

The Following Tables List the Pin Definition of Ai Module.

7 Settings

Table of Contents

Overview

System Settings

Protection Settings

Device Setup

Table of Contents

8 Human Machine Interface

Overview

Understand the HMI Menu Tree

Understand the LCD Display

Keypad Operation

9 Configurable Function

10 Communication

Rear Communication Port Information

Table of Contents

Overview

IEC60870-5-103 Interface over Serial Port

IEC60870-5-103 Interface over Ethernet

Messages Description for IEC61850 Protocol

DNP3.0 Interface

11 Installation

Quick Links

Chapters

Need help?

Questions and answers

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Summary of Contents for NR Electric PCS-978