Radio Shack TRS-80 Preliminary User's Manual
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Radio Shack TRS-80 Preliminary User's Manual

Micro computer system
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PRELIMINARY USER'S MANUAL
MICRO COMPUTER
Catalog Numbers:
26-1001
26-1201
14-841
© Copyright 1977, by Radio Shack, A Division o f Tandy Corporation, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, U. S. A. |

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Summary of Contents for Radio Shack TRS-80

  • Page 1 PRELIMINARY USER’S MANUAL MICRO COMPUTER Catalog Numbers: 26-1001 26-1201 14-841 © Copyright 1977, by Radio Shack, A Division o f Tandy Corporation, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, U. S. A. |...

  • Page 2: Setting Up The System

    P. 2 TRS-80 PRELIMINARY MANUAL This User's Manual is not intended to be the final, complete one. Since we know you are eager to start using your Microcomputer system, we decided not to delay your shipment any further ... and to send you this Preliminary Manual (along with some game tapes and other materials).
  • Page 3 Connecting the Cassette Recorder: You do not need to connect the Cassette Recorder unless you plan to record programs or to load taped programs into the TRS-80. 1. Load batteries into the CTR-41 as described in the Manual. Or make connections for 120 volt AC power.
  • Page 4 NOTE: To load the full 4K of RAM in the TRS-80 takes less than 3 minutes of tape. Short programs will take only a few...
  • Page 5 3. Use the CTR-41's Tape Counter to aid you in locating programs on tapes. 4. For best results, use Radio Shack's special 10 minute Computer Tape Cassettes (especially designed for recording computer programs). If you use standard audio tape cassettes, be sure to use top quality, such as Realistic SUPERTAPE or Cr02.

  • Page 6: Turning The System On

    TURNING THE SYSTEM ON Turn on the Video Monitor by pressing the POWER button. Turn on the TRS-80 Keyboard by pressing the POWER button on the back (next to the POWER Jack); the red LED just to the right of the Keyboard should light up and the screen should show READY.

  • Page 7: Getting Started

    GETTING STARTED This Preliminary User's Manual is not intended to be a detailed, complete course in Radio Shack's Level I BASIC. For that you'll have to wait for the complete Manual. However, we will try to give you enough help here so you can exercise your Computer a little before getting into the meat.
  • Page 8 P. 8 .666667 16 (the answer to the first — 2 divided by 3 — is given first. The second answer — 2 multiplied by 8 is given second, moved over 16 spaces because of the comma.) You can write a program for these same functions. A program must have a number for each line.
  • Page 9 P. 9 Notes on Line Numbers: You don't have to type line numbers in sequence. The Computer automatically puts lines in sequence. You can add line numbers at any time (as long as you have a } _ on the screen). Don't number lines in direct sequence;...
  • Page 10 Now try it again. This time try talking to it; type in YES. WHAT? The Computer is telling you it does not know what you want. You see, you must talk to it in its own language. The TRS-80 understands the BASIC language (a simple language for Computers).
  • Page 11 (they are much easier to work with this way). Sequence of Math Operators Your TRS-80 uses the 4 fundamental math functions. You also can use parentheses in your math formulas. The following rules apply for ( ) and sequence of Math Operators: 1.
  • Page 12 P . 1 2 inside more ( ), the innermost ones are solved first. 3. Then, the Computer figures multiplication and division operations ... in sequence from left to right. Then it starts at the left again and performs addition and subtraction. IE.
  • Page 13 P. 13 Of course, you may not want to change line 10 each time you want to give the Computer a value of A. Let's introduce another BASIC statement: INPUT. Add the following lines: 5 PRINT "THE VALUE I WISH TO GIVE A IS" 10 INPUT A RUN the program.
  • Page 14 P. 14 The conditional branching we tried above (IF ..THEN) can be used for other purposes too. We can use a statement GOTO, telling the Computer to go to a specific line number and continue from there. Or, we can tell the Computer to go to a sub-routine program (ON ...
  • Page 15 P. 15 Try this: 10 FOR f J = 1 TO 10 20 PRINT N*N 30 NEXT N RUN this simple program. What happened? We set up a FOR-NEXT loop. Line 10 set a series of values for N (from 1 to 10). Line 20 tells the Computer to multiply N times N (the square of N ) .

  • Page 16: Read And Data

    P. 16 READ and DATA Up to now we've looked at two ways to enter numbers into a program. One is by assigning a value to a letter (A = 5). Another is with the INPUT statement. Another method is with DATA.
  • Page 17 Graphics functions, but you can also use them with a PRINT function. PRINT AT 650 , "TRS-80 MICROCOMPUTER" ENTER this and see where the message is printed. There is a pad of paper with markings showing the location of these squares on the screen.
  • Page 18 P. 18 Change the value of X. Also, try changing the loop for Y (0 TO 10; 10 TO 20; 0 TO 47 STEP 5). Try this program: 10 FOR Y = 0 TO 10 (Lines 10 and 50 set up a loop FOR X = 0 TO 40 for Y.
  • Page 19 P. 19 Random Number Generator One of the most interesting functions of the TRS-80 is its ability to generate random numbers. Try this: 10 X = RND (10) 20 PRINT X 30 GOTO 10 RUN it. Too much? BREAK the program and add:...
  • Page 20 P. 20 LISTING OF RADIO SHACK'S LEVEL I BASIC Statement/ Abbreviation __________ Example______________________________ INPUT X, Y, Z (Computer will request data for INPUT/IN. variables X, Y and Z) INPUT "ANY MESSAGE ON SCREEN"; X (Computer will print info inside quotes and request data for variable X) DATA/D.
  • Page 21 P. 21 PRINT TAB/P. TAB PRINT TAB (12), PRINT TAB (X) , PRINT TAB (X + Y) , (begins printing at the number of spaces from the left as defined by the integer, variable or expression. Must be in the range of 0 to 63) FOR X = Y TO Z (STEP) Y FOR/F.
  • Page 22 P. 22 IF X + Y = Z THEN 1000 (Note no punctuation. Conditional statement; if true, Computer proceeds to 1000; if false, Computer continues to next line) IF (X < Y) + (X < = Z) THEN 1000 (equations in parentheses are evaluated and return a 1 for true and 0 for false.

  • Page 23: Math Operators

    P. 23 (Not used in a program. Clears out any program NEW/N. from the Computer's memory. Always use before loading a new program) FUNCTIONS ABS(X) (returns or determines the absolute value of ABS(X+Y) the variable or expression) INT(X) (returns or determines the integer value INT(X+Y) of variable or expression, ie.

  • Page 24: Error Messages

    P. 24 VARIABLES A through Z Up to 6 significant digits A(n) 4 bytes per subscript, from 0 to MEM/4 A$ and 3$ Character strings up to 16 characters SYNTAX A colon (:) must separate all statements on the same line (except the first statement following an IF statement;...

  • Page 25: Data Files

    P. 25 SORRY The Computer has run out of memory. DATA FILES Variables can be written to Cassette Tape with a PRINT # instruction For example: to write A, B and C to tape 100 PRINT # A; " ;B; ","?C This will write the values of A, B and C to tape.
  • Page 26 P. 26 The cursor (_) indicates the position on the screen where the next entry will be displayed. The cursor can be moved with the space bar. When the Computer displays READY > - it indicates it is ready for entries; "it's your turn". The prompt (»...
  • Page 27 SOME JUST FOR FUN PROGRAMS Try these various programs. They illustrate a number of the principles of the operation of your TRS-80. We hope it will stir your imagination and creativity ... so you go on from here to make up your own.
  • Page 28 Guess My Number 5 LET Y = 0 6 LET F = 0 10 CLS GUESS MY NUMBER" 20 P." 30 P. :P. + + + + + " 40 P.:P.*WHAT IS YOUR NAME? (FIRST NAME ONLY) " :IN .A$ 50 CLS:P.:P.:P.:P."HELLO,";A $ ;"!"...
  • Page 29 P. 29 200 CL3:P.:P.:P."YOU MADE IT IN";F;"TRIES!!!" 300 G. 370 350 CLS:P. :P. :P." SORRY, BUT YOUR TEN TRIES" P ."ARE UP. THE NUMBER WAS";X ;"." 370 P.:P."WOULD YOU LIKE TO PLAY AGAIN? (1-YES 0=NO)":IN.G 380 IF G=1 THEN 110 390 CLS:P.:P.:P.
  • Page 30 P. 30 Multiplication Tables (up to 12 x 12) 10 PRINT 20 A = RND (12) 30 B = RND (12) 40 PRINT 50 PRINT A ; "*" ; B ; "= WHAT?" 60 INPUT C 70 IF C = A * B GOTO 120 80 CLS 90 PRINT "TRY AGAIN"...

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26-100126-120114-841

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