BOMBARDIER CHALLENGER 604 Pilot Training Manual
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BOMBARDIER CHALLENGER 604 Pilot Training Manual

Automatic flight control system
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P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 4-1
Flight Control Computers (FCCs) ....................................................................................... 4-2
Description ....................................................................................................................4-2
Operation ...................................................................................................................... 4-2
Autopilot .............................................................................................................................. 4-4
Description ....................................................................................................................4-4
Operation ...................................................................................................................... 4-4
Autopilot Engagement............................................................................................. 4-4
Autopilot Servomotors ............................................................................................. 4-6
Autopilot Pitch Trim ................................................................................................. 4-6
Autopilot Mistrim Conditions.................................................................................... 4-6
Turbulence (TURB) Mode ............................................................................................. 4-8
Autopilot Disengagement ........................................................................................ 4-9
Yaw Damper System ........................................................................................................ 4-10
Description .................................................................................................................. 4-10
Components and Operation ........................................................................................ 4-10
Yaw Damper Engagement .................................................................................... 4-10
Yaw Damper Disengagement ............................................................................... 4-10
Flight Directors (FDs) ........................................................................................................ 4-12
Description .................................................................................................................. 4-12
Operation .................................................................................................................... 4-12
Flight Director Selection ........................................................................................ 4-12
Flight Director Command Bars .............................................................................. 4-15
Flight Control Panel (FCP) .................................................................................... 4-16
FD Failure ............................................................................................................. 4-19
Flight Director Lateral Modes ...................................................................................... 4-20
Roll Mode .............................................................................................................. 4-21
Heading Select Mode............................................................................................ 4-22
Half Bank Mode..................................................................................................... 4-23
NAV Mode............................................................................................................. 4-24
Approach Mode..................................................................................................... 4-28
Localizer Back Course Mode ................................................................................ 4-32
Lateral Takeoff ...................................................................................................... 4-33
Lateral Go-Around Mode....................................................................................... 4-34
Flight Director Vertical Modes ..................................................................................... 4-35
Pitch Mode ............................................................................................................ 4-36
Altitude Preselect Mode ........................................................................................ 4-38
Altitude Alert System ............................................................................................. 4-40
Altitude Hold Mode................................................................................................ 4-42
Vertical Speed Mode............................................................................................. 4-43
Sept 04
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Table of Contents Introduction ......................... 4-1 Flight Control Computers (FCCs) ..................4-2 Description ........................4-2 Operation ........................4-2 Autopilot ..........................4-4 Description ........................4-4 Operation ........................
  • Page 2 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Level Change Mode ..................4-44 Vertical Takeoff Mode ................... 4-46 Vertical Go-Around Mode..................4-47 Glideslope Mode ....................4-48 Vertical Navigation ....................
  • Page 3 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E List of Figures Graphic Title Figure Automatic Flight Control System Configuration ..............4-1 AP Engage Button ......................4-2 Autopilot Engagement......................
  • Page 4 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Vertical Takeoff Mode ....................... 4-35 Vertical Go-Around Mode ....................4-36 Reversionary/Inhibit Panel ....................4-37 Flight Control Panel (FCP) - Autopilot/Flight Director Modes ........... 4-38 Flight Control Panel (FCP) - Flight Director Lateral Modes ..........

  • Page 5: Introduction

    CHAPTER 4: AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Introduction The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) on the Challenger 604 is a subsystem of the Collins Pro Line 4 Avionics System. It is a fully integrated flight control system that includes dual two-axis autopilots, each with integrated dual flight directors, dual yaw dampers, and automatic pitch trim control.

  • Page 6: Flight Control Computers (Fccs)

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Control Computers (FCCs) Description The Integrated Avionics Processor System (IAPS) contains four Flight Control Computers (FCCs) which provide the flight director, autopilot and yaw damper functions.

  • Page 7: Automatic Flight Control System Configuration

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E DOWN APPR AP ENG CRS1 SPEED CRS2 VNAV 1/2 BANK TURB AP DISC FLIGHT CONTROL PANEL PILOT COPILOT PRIMARY FLIGHT DISPLAY PRIMARY FLIGHT DISPLAY YAW DAMPER...

  • Page 8: Autopilot

    P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Autopilot Description The Challenger 604 is equipped with a dual-channel, two-axis, fail-passive autopilot system. The autopilot provides an interface between the AFCS and flight controls for roll and pitch commands. Yaw dampers provide turn coordination and yaw damping.

  • Page 9: Autopilot Engagement

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Autopilot Engagement Criteria The autopilot can be engaged provided the following conditions exist: • at least one yaw damper is engaged (normally, both YDs are engaged) •...

  • Page 10: Autopilot Servomotors

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Autopilot Servomotors When the autopilot is engaged, the active pair of FCCs direct roll and pitch commands to the aileron and elevator servos, and stabilizer trim commands through the HSTCU. When a change in roll or pitch is required, the FCCs signal the aileron servo or elevator servo to bias the control cables and displace the associated control surface.

  • Page 11: Autopilot Elevator And Aileron Mistrim Annunciation

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E 2500M M.454 29.92 Autopilot Elevator and Aileron Mistrim Annunciation Figure 4-4 NOTE Autopilot monitors aileron mistrim conditions but cannot change aileron trim settings For Training Purposes Only Sept 04...

  • Page 12: Turbulence (Turb) Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Turbulence (TURB) Mode Turbulence mode is available when the autopilot is engaged and can be selected by pressing the TURB button on the FCP. The green status indicator lights on each side of the TURB button illuminate when turbulence mode is selected.

  • Page 13: Autopilot Disengagement

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Autopilot Disengagement Manual (Pilot Action) Disengagement The autopilot is normally disengaged by pressing the red autopilot/stick pusher (AP/ SP DISC) disconnect button on the outboard horn of either control wheel.

  • Page 14: Yaw Damper System

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Yaw Damper System Description Each yaw damper is a dual-channel, fully independent yaw damper system providing yaw damping, turn entry, steady-state turn coordination, and turn exit for the full flight envelope.

  • Page 15: Yaw Damper Disengage Annunciation

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E YAW DAMPER YD 1 YD 2 DISC ENGAGE Yaw Damper Panel Figure 4-6 ALTS 2500M VT 150 V2 133 VR 121 V1 113 29.92...

  • Page 16: Flight Directors (Fds)

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Directors (FDs) Description The flight directors (FDs) are the visual representation of the commands generated by the flight control computers. The flight directors provide pitch and roll guidance by means of inverted V-shaped command bars on the attitude director indicator (ADI) of the PFD.

  • Page 17: Ap/Fd Engagement

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E When the autopilot is engaged with FD 1 active, a green AP annunciation is displayed on both PFDs over the left-pointing FD arrow (Figure 4-9). When the pilot has control of the aircraft, FD 1 is normally selected and all flight guidance commands are derived using the pilot’s side systems (ADC 1, IRS 1, pilot’s navigation source selection).
  • Page 18 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E AP ENG CRS2 TURB AP DISC ALTS ALTS 2500M 2500M M.452 M.452 29.92 29.92 PILOT PFD COPILOT PFD AP/FD Transfer Figure 4-10 Dual Independent FD Operation...

  • Page 19: Flight Director Command Bars

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Director Command Bars The flight directors provide integrated pitch and roll control guidance by means of magenta inverted V-shaped command bars on the ADI of the PFD. The command bars are always in view when the flight director is being used or when the autopilot is engaged.

  • Page 20: Flight Control Panel (Fcp)

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FMA Armed Mode Display The armed lateral and vertical modes are normally displayed in steady white text in the lower portion of the lateral or vertical field.
  • Page 21 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FCC Status Indicator Lights There are two green status indicator lights, one on either side of each mode button. When a pilot selects an FCP button, the request is sent to both active FCCs (1A and 2A, or 1B and 2B).

  • Page 22: Ap/Fd Synchronization

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FD SYNCHRONIZATION (SYNC) SWITCH An FD SYNC switch is located on the back outboard horn of the pilot’s and copilot’s control wheel.

  • Page 23: Fd Failure

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FD Failure If the active flight director fails, the flight director command bars are removed from both PFDs and replaced by a red boxed FD annunciation. An FD 1(2) FAIL status EICAS message may also be displayed.

  • Page 24: Flight Director Lateral Modes

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Director Lateral Modes There are eight flight director lateral modes (bold letters refer to the Flight Control Panel button selections): •...

  • Page 25: Roll Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Roll Mode ROLL is the basic lateral operating mode, and is automatically selected when no other lateral mode is active and the flight director is on. A green ROLL annunciation appears in the active lateral field of the FMA when roll mode is active.

  • Page 26: Heading Select Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Heading Select Mode Pushing the HDG button on the FCP alternately selects and clears heading select mode. A green HDG annunciation appears in the active lateral field of the FMA when the mode is active.

  • Page 27: Half Bank Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Half Bank Mode Pushing the 1/2 BANK button on the FCP alternately selects and clears half bank mode. When the mode is active, a white 1/2 BANK annunciation appears to the left of the active/captured roll mode on the PFDs.

  • Page 28: Nav Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E NAV Mode Pushing the NAV button on the FCP alternately selects and clears the navigation mode and causes the flight director to generate lateral commands to capture and track the active navigation source (VOR, LOC, FMS).

  • Page 29: Display Control Panel

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E TERR SOURCE FORMAT RANGE Display Control Panel Figure 4-19 VOR1 ALTS 2500M M.456 29.92 Navigation Source VOR1 CRS 060 .8NM MSG1 MSG2...

  • Page 30: Loc Navigation Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Localizer Navigation Mode In localizer navigation mode, the flight director provides lateral steering commands to capture and track the front course localizer from the active navigation source. Whenever LOC navigation mode arms, a white LOC1 (or LOC2) annunciation is displayed in the armed lateral mode field on both PFDs.

  • Page 31: Fms Navigation Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FMS Navigation Mode In FMS navigation mode, the flight director uses lateral steering commands from the active Flight Management Computer (FMC) to capture and track the desired track to the ‘‘TO”...

  • Page 32: Approach Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Approach Mode Approach mode is used to fly a Localizer-based (ILS) or FMS-based nonprecision approach. During approach mode, the flight directors operate in dual independent mode.

  • Page 33: Ils Approach Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E ALTS LOC1 2500M LOC Armed GS Armed 1900 M.456 29.92 FMS1 LOC1 DTK 059 .0NM BIRPO GPS TERM LOC1 ALTS LOC1...
  • Page 34 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E FMS-Based Approach Pushing the APPR button alternately selects and clears approach mode. The FMS- based Approach mode functions the same as FMS Navigation (LNV) mode. Additionally, glide path (GP) mode is armed for capture to track the desired glide path from the FMS if VNAV is selected.

  • Page 35: Fms Approach Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E VALT LNV1 2500M LNV Armed GP Armed 1800 M.456 29.92 FMS1 DTK 104 .6NM ALWAR GPS TERM LNV1 VALT LNV1 2500M...

  • Page 36: Localizer Back Course Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Localizer Back Course Mode Back Course mode (B/C) generates commands to track a localizer signal using reverse-sensing. Back Course mode is armed by pressing the B/C button on the FCP. Back Course mode localizer capture is the same as NAV mode;...

  • Page 37: Lateral Takeoff

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Lateral Takeoff On the ground, pushing either TOGA (Takeoff/Go-Around) button mounted on the thrust levers selects Takeoff mode and clears all other lateral modes. Lateral and vertical takeoff mode selections are coincident.

  • Page 38: Lateral Go-Around Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Lateral Go-Around Mode In the air, pushing either TOGA (Takeoff/Go-Around) button mounted on the thrust levers selects the Go-Around mode and clears all other lateral modes. Lateral and vertical go-around mode (GA) selections are coincident.

  • Page 39: Flight Director Vertical Modes

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Director Vertical Modes There are nine vertical flight director modes (bold letters refer to the Flight Control Panel button selections): •...

  • Page 40: Pitch Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Pitch Mode Pitch mode (PTCH) is the basic vertical operating mode, and is automatically selected when no other vertical mode is active and the flight director is on. A green PTCH annunciation appears in the vertical active field of the FMA when pitch mode is active.
  • Page 41 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E PTCH LNV1 ALTS 2500M M.454 29.92 Pitch Mode Figure 4-28 4-37 For Training Purposes Only Sept 04...

  • Page 42: Altitude Preselect Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Altitude Preselect Mode The Altitude Preselect mode (ALTS) causes the flight director to generate commands to capture and level off at the preselected altitude. It is comprised of armed, capture and track states.

  • Page 43: Altitude Capture Sequence

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E LNV1 ALTS 2500M M.458 29.92 ALTS CAP LNV1 ALTS 2500M M.462 29.92 ALTS LNV1 ALTS 2500M M.470 29.92 Altitude Capture Sequence Figure 4-29 4-39...

  • Page 44: Altitude Alert System

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Altitude Alert System The Altitude Alert System provides aural and visual indications of preselected altitude capture and tracking. It also provides aural and visual indications of altitude deviations from the preselected altitude (ALTS).

  • Page 45: Altitude Alert Annunciations

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Preselect Altitude Preselect Deviation Capture as Function Altitude from of Closure Rate Tracking Previously Captured +1000 FT +200 FT PRESELECT ALT –200 FT –1000 FT...

  • Page 46: Altitude Hold Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Altitude Hold Mode Altitude Hold mode (ALT) generates commands to maintain the pressure altitude at the time of selection. Altitude Hold mode commands are based on the baro-corrected altitude of the coupled side barometric altimeter.

  • Page 47: Vertical Speed Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Vertical Speed Mode The Vertical Speed mode (VS) generates commands to maintain a vertical speed reference value. Pushing the VS button on the FCP selects the vertical speed mode. A green VS annunciation is displayed in the active vertical field of the FMA, and ALTS mode is automatically armed to capture the preselected altitude.

  • Page 48: Flight Level Change Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Level Change Mode Flight Level Change mode (FLC) generates commands to maintain either the airspeed/ Mach reference value, or a 100 ft/min vertical speed toward the preselected altitude, whichever yields the greater closure rate to the preselected altitude.

  • Page 49: Flight Level Change Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E NOTE FLC overspeed mode cannot be cleared by pressing the FLC button. As well, the flight directors cannot be selected off during FLC overspeed mode operation.

  • Page 50: Vertical Takeoff Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Vertical Takeoff Mode On the ground, pushing either TOGA (Takeoff/Go-Around) button mounted on the thrust levers selects the Takeoff mode and clears all other vertical modes. Lateral and vertical takeoff mode (TO) selections are coincident.

  • Page 51: Vertical Go-Around Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Vertical Go-Around Mode In the air, pushing either TOGA (Takeoff/Go-Around) button mounted on the thrust levers selects the Go-Around mode and clears all other vertical modes. Lateral and vertical go-around mode (GA) selections are coincident.

  • Page 52: Glideslope Mode

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Glideslope Mode Glideslope mode (GS) generates commands to capture and track the glideslope of an ILS approach. Each flight director captures independently in approach mode, and operates in the dual independent configuration.

  • Page 53: Vertical Navigation

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Vertical Navigation Pushing the VNAV button on the FCP alternately selects and clears Vertical Navigation mode. VNAV is active when it is selected and valid. VNAV is valid when the following conditions are met: •...

  • Page 54: Controls And Indicators

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Controls and Indicators General The Flight Control Panel (FCP) provides the majority of controls for flight director and autopilot operation. The Reversionary/Inhibit Panel allows selection between AFCS 1 and 2.

  • Page 55: Flight Control Panel (Fcp) - Autopilot/Flight Director Modes

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Control Panel (FCP) - Autopilot/Flight Director Modes Pilot's FD Button (momentary-action) Copilot's FD Button (momentary-action) With autopilot engaged With autopilot engaged Press: Press:...

  • Page 56: Flight Control Panel (Fcp) - Lateral Modes

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Control Panel (FCP) - Lateral Modes HDG Button (momentary-action) Press: Alternately selects or clears heading select mode (HDG) Illuminates the HDG button status indicator lights when the mode is active NAV Button (momentary-action)

  • Page 57: Flight Control Panel (Fcp) - Vertical Modes

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Flight Control Panel (FCP) - Vertical Modes FLC Button (momentary-action) Press: Alternately selects or clears flight level change mode (FLC) Airspeed/Mach reference (bug) is synchronized to the current airspeed/Mach value when mode...

  • Page 58: Afcs Cockpit Switches

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E AFCS Cockpit Switches AP/SP (Autopilot/Stick Pusher Disconnect) Button Press – Disengages autopilot and deactivates stick pusher. NOTE : When released, stick pusher system is immediately reactivated.

  • Page 59: Pfd Annunciations

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E PFD Annunciations The following figure and Table 4-1 provide a summary of FCC-related annunciations which may be presented on the PFD. B/C1 B/C1 LOC1...

  • Page 60: Pfd Messages

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E PFD Messages INDICATION DESCRIPTION Autopilot is not engaged and flight guidance commands are coupled to pilot side flight director ←...
  • Page 61 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E INDICATION DESCRIPTION B/C1 Back course mode - armed. B/C2 Dead reckoning operation. Autopilot is engaged and is detecting a significant elevator mistrim. Flight director fail flag (annunciated within the attitude indicator).
  • Page 62 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E INDICATION DESCRIPTION VALT Vertical navigation mode is selected and altitude hold mode is active. VALTS Vertical navigation mode is selected and altitude select mode is active. VALTV Vertical navigation mode is selected - tracking FMS target altitude.

  • Page 63: Eicas Messages

    AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E EICAS Messages AURAL WARNING MESSAGE MEANING (IF ANY) AFCS MSGS FAIL No valid AFCS messages received from either IAPS side. Triple attenson CONFIG AP Autopilot is engaged with the aircraft in takeoff mode.
  • Page 64 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM P I L O T T R A I N I N G G U I D E Page Intentionally Left Blank For Training Purposes Only 4-60 Sept 04...

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