Battery Recycling; Terminology - US BATTERY US1800 XC2 User Manual

11

BATTERY RECYCLING

MY BATTERIES ARE BOILING.
• This is called gassing and is a normal process when properly charging your batteries. As lead
acid batteries recharge, the voltage increases to the point that electrolysis begins.
Electrolysis is the separation of water molecules into its constituent parts, hydrogen and
oxygen. The gasses travel through the electrolyte to the top of the battery cell where they
vent to atmosphere. The movement of the gasses through the electrolyte gives the
appearance of boiling. Gassing mixes the electrolyte achieving a homogenous acid solution.
Proper electrolyte mixing is essential to the continued performance of your batteries.
MY BATTERIES ARE LEAKING.
• Leaking is not normal and is typically due to overfilling the cells, but can also be caused by
excessive overcharging. Both causes will result in capacity loss if not rectified. Refer to the
watering and charging sections for guidelines.
11 BATTERY RECYCLING
DIAGRAM 19
Cases and covers are broken down into pellets, and are used
to manufacture new cases and covers
Plastic
USED
Battery grids, posts, and terminals are melted down into ingots.
BATTERY
The ingots are used to make new lead
components and lead oxide for new batteries
Lead
Electrolyte is neutralized and converted into Sodium
Sulfate Crystals. This compound is commonly used in
laundry detergent, glass, and textiles.
Electrolyte
(Option 1)
Some recyclers treat the Electrolyte and reuse it in
new batteries; while others neutralize the electrolyte
and send it to a water treatment plant
Electrolyte
(Option 2)
https://usgreentechnology.com/recycling-reusing-electric-car-batteries/
46
NEW
BATTERY
New Grids
Lead Oxide
The following terms and abbreviations are used in this document as well as the battery
industry:
AGM – Absorbed Glass Mat, a type of lead acid battery
AMP – Amperes, measure of current
Ah – Ampere-Hours, a measure of battery capacity
CCA – Cold Cranking Amps, a measure of a battery's starting capability
DC – Deep Cycle, a type of battery used for cycling
DOD – Depth of Discharge, the amount a battery is discharged in % of capacity
dI/dt – The change in current over a given amount of time
dV/dt – The change in voltage over a given amount of time
FLA – Flooded Lead Acid, the most common type of lead acid battery
OCV – Open Circuit Voltage
SG – Specific Gravity, a measurement of density with respect to water
SLI – Starting Lighting Ignition, a type of battery used for starting and lighting
SOC – State Of Charge
T – Temperature
UT – Universal Terminal
UTL – Universal Terminal Low
V – Volt, a measure of electromotive force
VPC – Volts per Cell, Number of volts for each cell (6 volt battery has 3 cells, 8 volt
has 4 cells, etc.)
XC2 – Xtreme Capacity 2, US Battery's proprietary paste formula
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TERMINOLOGY

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