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Anfatec AMU2.4 Manual

Pci-bus lockin amplifier 1 hz to 1 mhz
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PCI-BUS LOCKIN AMPLIFIER 1 Hz TO 1 MHz
Anfatec Instruments AG
Melanchthonstr. 28
08606 Oelsnitz /V.
Germany
Tel.: +49 (0) 37421 24212
Fax.: +49 (0) 37421 24221
http://www.anfatec.de
email:
mailbox@anfatec.de
Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20
Page 1 (70)

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Summary of Contents for Anfatec AMU2.4

  • Page 1 PCI-BUS LOCKIN AMPLIFIER 1 Hz TO 1 MHz Anfatec Instruments AG Melanchthonstr. 28 08606 Oelsnitz /V. Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 37421 24212 Fax.: +49 (0) 37421 24221 http://www.anfatec.de email: mailbox@anfatec.de Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 1 (70)

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    4.3.1 Frequency Sweep ......................16 4.3.2 Oscilloscope ........................16 4.4 Parameter settings ....................... 18 4.4.1 Time constant ........................18 4.4.2 RollOff ..........................18 4.4.3 Dynamic ........................... 18 4.4.4 Coupling ........................... 18 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 2 (70)
  • Page 3 8.4 Python Example Files ....................50 8.4.1 Spectrum Analyzer ......................50 Simple Frequency sweep ..................51 Example FourierAnalyse ..................51 8.4.2 Transient Recorder ......................52 8.4.3 Network Analyzer ......................52 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 3 (70)
  • Page 4 11.4 Driver Revisions ......................66 11.4.1 November 2013 ......................66 12 Troubleshooting ........................66 12.1 Device driver ......................66 12.2 Application ........................ 69 12.2.1 App ..........................69 12.2.2 DLL ..........................69 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 4 (70)
  • Page 5 Anfatec Instruments AG assumes no responsibility for any damage or loss resulting from use of this manual. Anfatec Instruments AG assumes no responsibility for any damage or loss resulting from use of the software. Anfatec Instruments AG assumes no responsibility for any damage or loss by deletion of data as a result of malfunction, dead battery, or repairs.

  • Page 6: General Information

    < (100 ms + 10 Cycle) Phase error < 4 deg @ f < 1 kHz Input amplitude Phase delay ~ 1 µs (1) See Revision History on Page 27 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 6 (70)

  • Page 7: Licence For The Software

    Therefore, GPL protects the software so, that all programs which are based on a GPL protected source code has to provided with the same GPL again. The licence also hinders software patenting. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 7 (70)

  • Page 8: Get Started

    Start the setup.exe in the root directory of the installation CD. Manual: Before installing the driver, install the software. Put the installation disk named “Software for the AMU2.4” in the disk drive and and copy at least the four needed files lockin.exe, lockin.ini, lockin.sys and lockin.inf...

  • Page 9: Driver Installation

    “other sources”. It is the path, where the new *.inf file is located. Eventually, you have to select again the right device from a list of possible devices. Check the Anfatec Measurement Unit again and say “OK” and “Finish”. The PC has to be rebooted in order to activate the new driver.

  • Page 10: Apic Configuration

    Remark: Wrong BIOS settings can cause, that Windows refuses to repair the system from CD. It will stop with “could not find ntkrnlmp.exe – error code 7” for instance. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 10 (70)

  • Page 11: Lockin Amplification Basics

    X and the imaginary part Y of the analysed signal relating to the phase position of the reference signal. Out of them the amplitude R as well as the relative phase shift φ are calculated. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 11 (70)

  • Page 12: Mathematical Description

    Y(t) to X(t) has to be negligible. The first 10 (k = 1 ... 10) coefficients K for the first 4 harmonics m = 1 ... 4 are given in the following table: Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 12 (70)

  • Page 13: Time Constant Definition

    1E-2 1E-3 1E-4 1E-5 frequency [kHz] frequency [kHz] The slope of the signal decay in Fig. 5 is defined by the Roll-Off without affecting the detection bandwidth. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 13 (70)

  • Page 14: Noise Measurements

    = 412Hz. In order to interpret an measurement of 2µV as noise in units of V/√Hz, the value should be divided by √412Hz. It results a value of 98,5nV/√Hz. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 14 (70)

  • Page 15: Software Description (Lockin.exe)

    4. Start each shortcut once, select the device to be associated with this shortcut: The same procedure can be used to open the software with different settings. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 15 (70)

  • Page 16: Functions In The Menu Line

    WEEP Opens the "frequency sweep" window 4.3.2 O SCILLOSCOPE The oscilloscope works like a real 3-channel-oscilloscope. Content, scaling type and offset of the three channels is selectable. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 16 (70)
  • Page 17 “Draw mode” selects whether the data are drawn as dots or lines. Right-click on the right number to change its meaning from RMS to Mean or StdDev. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 17 (70)

  • Page 18: Parameter Settings

    2 Hz and below may cause misleading results. 4.4.5 T ETERS The meters display the LockIn output channels, which are X and Y as well R and Phi, in physical units. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 18 (70)

  • Page 19: Frequency

    The upper one is a standard range, which can be changed in the “Option/acquire” part. The next three are, from the bottom to the top, the last three used frequency ranges. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 19 (70)

  • Page 20: Options For The Frequency Sweep

    The frequency values are only saved, if “Save x-Axis” is checked. All history data saved also delimited same character. Data file example: 1000,00 234,09 1200,00 237,98 ... Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 20 (70)
  • Page 21 “Standard frequency” - is the range, which appears at the topmost position, if the right mouse button is used in the data screen of the “Sweep Frequency” window. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 21 (70)
  • Page 22 Windows Figure 12: View options for the frequency sweep palette. If “Draw vectors” is checked, the lines are closed, otherwise data points are drawn as pixel, only. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 22 (70)

  • Page 23: Examples

    "Time constant Definition". 99.5 100.5 frequency [kHz] Figure 15: Curve diagram which demonstrates the different time constants Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 23 (70)

  • Page 24: Demonstrate Rolloff

    2 orders of magnitude and 24 dB/oct four orders of magnitude, respectively. 6 dB = 5 ms 12 dB 24 dB frequency [kHz] Figure 17: Detection bandwidth shaoe in dependence on the parameter RollOff. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 24 (70)

  • Page 25: Resonance Detection

    The circuit answers with 115 mV signal on 1 V excitation. The Q of this analogue circuit is quite low (only 9), so that the width of the detected resonance peak, whose centre frequency is found at 50 kHz, almost reaches 5 kHz. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 25 (70)

  • Page 26: Thermal Noise

    .nv) to be higher around the resonance of this circuit: Figure 22: Diagram with noise voltage of the resonance circuit. According to this, the peak noise of this resonance circuit should be 25 nV/sqrt(Hz). Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 26 (70)

  • Page 27: Noise Voltage Detection

    Averaging over 15 minutes results in the curve shown here: The peak value in this spectrum equals 2 µV. As the spectrum has been taken with 5 ms time Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 27 (70)

  • Page 28: Calculation Of The Noise Voltage

    = 82,4 + (i n total √ √ √ √ In conclusion, the current noise of R4 and the resistor noise of R4 contribute much more to the Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 28 (70)

  • Page 29: Fourieranalyse Of A Square Signal

    (2 k−1) Adding all these sine wave with their respective amplitudes up, the square like wave form with a single frequency is regenerated. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 29 (70)

  • Page 30: Acoustic Resonance

    L = 0.257 m d = 0.043 m 2( L+0.8 d ) v = 343 m/s speed of sound n = resonance node Wikipedia Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 30 (70)
  • Page 31 The maxima of this frequency spectrum can be compared with the calculated maxima finding a nice agreement between experiment and theory. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 31 (70)
  • Page 32 = 0 Hz is not suppressed enough and thus one finds a strong frequency [Hz] signal increase towards small frequencies. AC coupling, as shown in the other measurements suppresses this effect. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 32 (70)

  • Page 33: Dll Description

    _declspec(dllimport) cdecl SetLockInFreq (double freq); void _declspec(dllimport) cdecl SetLockInAmpl (double Ampl); double _declspec(dllimport) cdecl SetLockInPhase (double Phase); long _declspec(dllimport) cdecl SetLockInHarm (long Harm);long _declspec(dllimport) cdecl SetLockInRollOff (long Time); Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 33 (70)

  • Page 34: Dll-Functions

    (Harmonic : integer) : integer; sets the harmonic at which the signal is analysed. The harmonic can vary between 1 and 15. It returns the harmonic value. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 34 (70)
  • Page 35 PLL is ON and on TTL input level PllOn = 2 PLL is ON and sine wave input is used (not valid for AMU2.4 PCI card) When using the external trigger (PLL is ON), please make sure, that later calls of SetLockInHarm(H) or SetLockInPhase do not reset the state of the PLL to zero.
  • Page 36 This function allows to set the number of sync cycles for synchron filtering mode and returns the value set. SetLockInAux procedure SetLockInAUX(Channel, Input: Longint; MaxRange : Double); The USBLockIn250 has two analogue auxiliary outputs named with “Aux1” and “Aux2” – see also Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 36 (70)

  • Page 37: Example Programs

    (see page Fehler: Referenz nicht gefunden). 6.3 E XAMPLE PROGRAMS Currently, there is a program examples provided in Borland Delphi 6.0 (demo.exe). It can be found in the directory %YourPath/DLL/Delphi Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 37 (70)

  • Page 38: Remote Control With Labview

    LabView as library path. You have to use the DLL in the same Version like LabView (32 or 64 Bit). Anfatec has prepared LabView examples for LabView6.1, LabView11 and saved some special applications also for Labview9.

  • Page 39: General Programming Directions In Labview

    Frequency' and 'Number of Steps', while the results are stored and displayed in a graphical window. It includes the sub-vi's 'Input_Lockin' and 'GetTimeConstantValue.vi'. They only connect the numerical data and DLL function. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 39 (70)

  • Page 40: Description Of Example Vi Files

    Figure 29: Block-diagram and Frontpanel of the Input_Lockin.vi For the use of Named_Input_LockIn.vi please read the chapter “7.47.4 Multiple LockIn Amplifiers in LabView” on page 48. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 40 (70)
  • Page 41 To get the delay what is needed, the sub-vi “GetTimeConstantValue.vi” is called and returns the time constant in ms. Figure 30: Fontpanel of the LIA_sweep_frequency.vi Figure 31: Block-diagram of the LIA_sweep_frequency.vi Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 41 (70)

  • Page 42: Example Time Constant

    1 kHz to 100 kHz. The results shows akinf of Foruier transformation of the signal. The width of the peaks is defined by the bandwidth set with 1 ms time constant. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 42 (70)
  • Page 43 180 degrees. To get different AUX outputs here, use the Phase offset in the LabView-Frontpanel Figure 35: Part of the Block Diagram of the SetAUX_Simple.vi Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 43 (70)
  • Page 44 The Aux-output is connected to a diode and swept from 0 V to 3 V, while the DC current through the diode is detected as volatge drop over a resistor and recorded as DC signal “In” with the input of the lockin amplifier. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 44 (70)
  • Page 45 If the chosen output channel is “Phi” the “Display Range”-Combobox is not shown (its display range always is set to 180°). For the other channels, the MaxRange is calculated via the SubVI “GetUnitAndRangeFromString.vi”. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 45 (70)
  • Page 46 The VI now takes a spectrum with the selected settings and shows the resulting amplitude and phase in the diagrams. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 46 (70)
  • Page 47 LockIn amplifier. The corresponding scheme of this nose application is shown below: Output Amplitude φ Δφ * 10 F0 + kP * Δφ * 100 PhaseX Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 47 (70)

  • Page 48: Multiple Lockin Amplifiers In Labview

    Now, this “.vi” is set specifically for the chosen lockin. Repeat the above steps to create more “.dll” and “.vi” for the other USBLockIn250. (Don't forget to close the 'Lockin.exe' again for testing the '.vi'!) Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 48 (70)

  • Page 49: Remote Control In Python 3

    The single lockin devices are accessed by calling their DeviceID. In order to find out the – DeviceID, use the device list of the Lockin.exe and copy the full line (which is the complete Device ID) into Clipboard: Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 49 (70)

  • Page 50: Python Example Files

    Sweep_Frequency_LIA.py graphically displays the results of a frequency sweep taken with the lockin amplifier. As input parameters, start and stop frequency as well as the number of points in the spectrum are entered. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 50 (70)

  • Page 51: Simple Frequency Sweep

    (n+1)*f0 with n being a whole number n = 0 ... ∞. In analogy, the frequency spectrum taken with a lockin amplifier shows the result in Fig. 50: Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 51 (70)

  • Page 52: Transient Recorder

    Network_analyzer.py generates two graphs, one for the Amplitude ® and the second for the phase, displaying them in one plot with two axis XAMPLE EASUREMENT ESONANCE Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 52 (70)

  • Page 53: Example Acoustic Resonance

    Now, the frequency of the loud speaker was swept while keeping its amplitude constant. As a result, the transfer function of this tube showing the acoustical signal to Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 53 (70)
  • Page 54 700 mV down to 70 mV 0,05 (Fig. 52) frequency [Hz] Figure 45: Acoustic resonance in dependence of the time constant (Ampl. 70 mV) Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 54 (70)

  • Page 55: Parametric Sweep (Only Usblockin)

    These two images show the schentics of the circuit used for the experiment as well as a photograph of the experimental setup. Figure 47: blue: approximate voltage over R1; red: differentiation voltage over R1(blue) Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 55 (70)
  • Page 56 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 56 (70)

  • Page 57: Multiple Devices

    If both devices are operating on the same frequency, the function GetLockinChannel(2) applied to device detects output amplitude device vise versa. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 57 (70)

  • Page 58: Experiment: Distance Measurement

    0,335 0,33 0,325 distance [mm] Figure 52: Curve diagram showing the Amplitude over the distance. Amplitude = 1V / 0.1 V, = 20 ms, f = 39062.5 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 58 (70)

  • Page 59: Remote Control In Scilab

    Providing an 10 kHz square wave at the = 10 ms, Senderfrequenz Time Constant Figure 53: input, this applications shows all upper odd externer Generator 100 kHz harmonics of the base frequency (30 kHz, Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 59 (70)

  • Page 60: Transient Recorder

    Network_Analyzer.sce. The example in Fig. 56 shows the result, if a 50 kHz, 200 mV signal is provided at the lockin amplifiers input. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 60 (70)

  • Page 61: Parametric Sweep (Only Usblockin)

    Figure 57: Output graphs of the Parameter_Sweep.sce taken with a diode as device under test. For better understanding of the circuitry, please refer to “Diode “. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 61 (70)

  • Page 62: Example: Electrical Force Microscope

    C of the tip-sample arrangement with respect to the tip-sample distance z and proportional to the potential difference U squared: = − A possible voltage dependency of C is neglected in this consideration. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 62 (70)
  • Page 63 Now two additional lock-in amplifiers (see Figure 58) can be used to analyse the photo-detector signal at the frequency ω and 2·ω simultaneously. The measured amplitudes of the signals are proportional to the strength of the electrical force components. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 63 (70)

  • Page 64: Revision History

    ☑ Input resistance from 1 MW to 100 kW ☑ Change to input range (stated in the related manual) ☑ Change to the input coupling – an 'ac' coupling has been added. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 64 (70)

  • Page 65: 1St December 2006 - Rev 2.3 To Rev 2.3A

    (Page – The visible input ranges (dynamic reserve) in the AMU2.4-software are “high”, “normal” and “low”. Since revision 2.4, the hardware spec meets exactly these values and has changed to ± 5V, ± 500 mV and ± 50 mV, respectively.

  • Page 66: 26Th August 2009 - Version 1.06

    First check if the devices are detected in the Windows Device Manager (devmgmt.msc). After installing the driver, the Lockin device should appear in the Windows Device Manager as Anfatec Measurement Interface. Because of Microsoft's Windows security updates, it's possible that something goes wrong.
  • Page 67 Install the x86 driver for 32 bit and the x64 for 64 bit windows. This can be done in Windows 10 by right-click on the *.inf file -> Install. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 67 (70)
  • Page 68 The bug report should contain a screenshot of the window after calling msinfo32 (Windows Start > type 'msinfo32' > Enter). If there is a driver problem send us the Error code which is shown at driver details. Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 68 (70)

  • Page 69: Application

    More Info > Run Anyway 12.2.2 DLL The DLL functionality can be tested by running the Demo.exe. You can find it here: DLL_and_App > DLL > Win32 or Win64 > Demo.exe Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 69 (70)
  • Page 70 Manual Anfatec PCI-Lockin Amplifier AMU2.4 – Rev. 1.10 dated 30/09/20 Page 70 (70)

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