Selecting an external device ....................4 Changing devices ....................... 6 Potential in electronic loads EL ................... 6 Safe operation conditions (SOC)..................7 EL300 ............................ 8 Cell connections ......................... 8 1. Full cell configuration ....................8 2.a. Half-cell configuration - Cathode .................. 9 2.b.
Page 3
Electronic Loads CAUTION Prevent the input panel of the device from electrostatic discharge! This may damage the device. Do not connect active objects such as batteries or fuel cells to the power outputs of the device when the device is off! This may damage the device.
Electronic Loads Unpacking Zahner products are carefully produced, calibrated and tested to achieve a high quality standard. Also the assembling of the accessories and packing is done with great care. Please check the shipment directly after receipt to ensure that the device and all accessories are undamaged.
Zennium system using up to 4 EPC42 cards. EPC42 The EPC42 is able to control up to 4 external devices like the EL300/EL1000, the XPOT, and the PP201/211/241. Up to four EPC42 cards can be used for installing a total of 16 external devices in a Zennium system.
Page 6
Electronic Loads To select a device, call the Test Sampling page by clicking on the “control potentiostat” option. Click on “Device” on the left side of Hippo. This will open an input box. Insert the EPC port number in which the external device is connected. Here EL1000 is connected with port 1 of EPC42.
Remove all metallic jewellery/watches when working with high currents Don’t touch the electrical connections during the operation Never apply potential higher than the 12 V for EL300 and 100 V for EL1000. The maximum current through the + terminal of EL1000 must never exceed 200 A...
The EL300 is air cooled for operation till 25 A and needs water cooling when loaded with more than 25 A. For water cooling you find an inlet and an outlet at the backside of the EL300.
Electronic Loads 2.a. Half-cell configuration – Cathode E L 1 0 1 This configuration is used with DUTs like (rechargeable) batteries and fuel cells if only the cathodic part of the cell has to be s e n s e investigated.
The real potential can be calculated from the meas- ured potential by subtracting the potential of the reference elec- trode. 4. Applications with an additional power supply EL300 This configuration may be used if the voltage drop on the power lines is too high to reach sense the high-current test conditions.
Electronic Loads EL1000 The EL1000 external electronic load is a One-Quadrant-Potentiostat. This means that it is able to sink current (but cannot source current) in a given polarity. Hence when EL1000 is connected with a battery then it can only discharge the battery and charging is not possible without a 3 party source.
Electronic Loads EL1000 operation steps Check if the device under test (DUT) is grounded or not. Then adjust the grounding of EL1000 accordingly. Turn ON external power supply/load (if any is required) Turn ON Zennium device and EL1000 (allow for 15 minutes warm up time) Start Thales software Select the EL1000 device in the Test Sampling Window.
Electronic Loads 1. Full cell configuration (Standard Kelvin Scheme) This configuration is used with DUTs like (rechargeable) batteries and fuel cells if a complete cell has to be investigated. Here, first the sense cables are attached to the DUT with the correct polarity and then power cables are connected.
Electronic Loads Fig 01: Current flow direction between + and – terminals and – and EXT + terminals of EL1000 For ease, we will distinguish the current between the + and – terminals of EL1000 with I and current between EXT + and – terminals of EL1000 with i. In EL1000, the + terminal is thinner as compared to –...
Electronic Loads 3. Partial cell configuration This configuration may be used, if a certain part of a battery or fuel cell stack has to be investigated. Potential ≤ 4 V / 100 V The potential will be indicated as negative in EL The measured current must be positive I ≥...
Electronic Loads 4. Applications with an additional DC load 4.a. DUT connected with DC sink and EL1000 This configuration may be used to sink more current through the DUT than 200A. The total amount of current from the EL1000 and the additional electronic load must not exceed 680A! Potential ≤...
Electronic Loads with increasing potential range, the resolution of the impedance spectra measured by PAD4 will decrease. 4.b. DUT connected with DC load and EL1000 (in parallel) To sink more current from DUT than allowed by an EL1000, an external load can also be connected in parallel to the DUT and EL1000 as shown below.
Electronic Loads EL1000 and an external load with the DUT. Here the current flowing through the external load (I does not flow through EL1000 and can be independently controlled by the external sink and limitations from EL1000 do not apply to I .
Electronic Loads potential. Graph 3(c) indicates the same situation as described in Graph 3(b), however here voltage drop in the system is also taken into account. The blue line at the y-intercept shows the potential output between the + and – terminals of EL1000. A simple schematic is Graph 3(c) is also shown below to clearly indicate the connections of battery (reversed) with EL1000 and external source.
Electronic Loads 5.c. Compensation for voltage drop (Zero Volt Option) In contrast to the last two series arrangements, the DUT is not reversed in zero volt option. Set potential ≤ 4 V / 100 V The potential will be indicated as negative in EL. The measured current must be positive I ≥...
Electronic Loads 6. Applications with an additional power supply (external input) This configuration allows experiments under following conditions: • Charging batteries • State of charge (SoC) • Discharging batteries • Fuel cell and electrolysis cell operation The external power supply operates as a galvanostat (setting current limit) and provides a higher potential as the DUT.
Page 23
Electronic Loads cell), leading to the discharging of the DUT. Here discharging current and the AC current flow in the same direction contrary to the current flow in charging scheme. Here if the EL1000 is turned off then the power supply will start charging the DUT with a charging current of 2 A.
Electronic Loads Built-in buffer amplifier The built-in buffer amplifier may be used to increase the potential range of the EL up to +/-100 V. Select the potential range at the cell connection scheme page. The corresponding gain factor will be set automatically.