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FIBER SENSYS FD322 Product Training
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FIBER SENSYS FD322 Product Training

Basic product training
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FD322 Basic Product Training
TM-ENS-003 Rev A

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Summary of Contents for FIBER SENSYS FD322

  • Page 1 FD322 Basic Product Training TM-ENS-003 Rev A...
  • Page 2 FD-322 Basic Training Topics • Product features • Product application • Theory of operation • Tuning software • Product installation • Calibration, tuning and maintenance basics...
  • Page 3 FD-322 Product Features • 500m sensing cable length – Supports all normal zone lengths • Two sensing channels • Direct connection to sensing cable – No insensitive lead-in cable used • TCP/IP communication and alarm/fault relays standard • User software included...
  • Page 4 FD-322 Product Features • Fiber based – Sensing cable is immune to RFI/EMI and is intrinsically safe • Value priced – Most economical fiber sensor • Simple installation and adjustment – Efficient set of parameters enables effective tuning...
  • Page 5 FD-322 Product Features • Internal spectral data storage – Holds data for 24 alarms internally – Allows accurate tuning that can be done off-line and downloaded • -40 to +70°C operating range • CE and RoHS compliant...
  • Page 6 FD-322 Product Application • Designed for chain link fence applications...
  • Page 7 FD-322 Product Application • Designed for APU mounting at or near the fence line in a NEMA enclosure...
  • Page 8 FD-322 Product Application • Designed to utilize standard SC-3 sensing fiber in loop back configuration...
  • Page 9 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations...
  • Page 10 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations • Manufacturing Plants...
  • Page 11 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations • Manufacturing Plants • Corporate Buildings...
  • Page 12 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations • Manufacturing Plants • Corporate Buildings • Construction Sites...
  • Page 13 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations • Manufacturing Plants • Corporate Buildings • Construction Sites • Boat/RV Storage Sites...
  • Page 14 FD-322 Application Examples • Utility Substations • Manufacturing Plants • Corporate Buildings • Construction Sites • Boat/RV Storage Sites • Garden Centers...
  • Page 15 FD-322 Connectivity: Terminals • Independent CHA and CHB form C ALARM contacts • Normally closed FAULT contacts • All relay contacts rated for 100mA @ 12VDC • Normally closed TAMPER input terminals • 12-24VDC power supply input...
  • Page 16 FD-322 Connectivity: IP • XML-based TCP/IP connectivity is standard • RJ45 Ethernet jack on APU side panel • Allows remote alarm/fault monitoring and APU parameter setting • Plug & play compatible with Fiber Commander...
  • Page 17 Theory of Operation: Functional FD322 Alarm Processing Unit Laser RJ45 Sensing Cable TCP/IP Digital Signal - Deployed in Processor the protected zone RS-232 Detector Climb Processor Processor Alarm Integration Alarm/Fault Relays Normally Normally Fault Closed Open...
  • Page 18 Theory of Operation: Optical Optical fiber is made of two layers of specially formulated glass...
  • Page 19 Theory of Operation: Optical Light is guided in the fiber by internal reflection from the core / cladding boundary...
  • Page 20 Theory of Operation: Optical Polarized laser light is launched into the sensing cable In an undisturbed cable, the polarization remains constant as the light travels Incoming laser light...
  • Page 21 Theory of Operation: Optical When the cable is Disturbance disturbed, the state of polarization changes in response to the magnitude and duration of the disturbance The APU’s receiver detects the change in polarization and processes the signal to sense events and alarms...
  • Page 22 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Wind Processing • Event Processing • Alarm Processing...
  • Page 23 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Wind Processing: eliminates nuisance alarms resulting from windy conditions while still allowing intrusion detection with minimal loss in sensitivity...
  • Page 24 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Wind Processing – Enable/Disable – Wind Rejection...
  • Page 25 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Wind Processing – Enable/Disable – Wind Rejection...
  • Page 26 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Wind Processing – Enable/Disable – Wind Rejection...
  • Page 27 Theory of Operation: Wind Processing • When enabled, the APU monitors the “wind load” detected by the sensing fiber and dynamically adjusts the signal based on the detected wind load and Wind Rejection parameter value • Wind Rejection Parameter: used to dynamically dampen the signal received from fence during windy conditions;...
  • Page 28 Theory of Operation: Wind Processing • As wind Increases, Gain is reduced to compensate • Max compensation is user defined by User settable estimated wind gain reduction speed values Wind Load...
  • Page 29 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Processing: the qualification of sensor signals to separate noise or nuisance-generated disturbances from those generated by valid intrusion attempts; a probable intrusion-caused disturbance is called an Event...
  • Page 30 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Processing – Enable/Disable – Sensitivity – Low Frequency Cutoff...
  • Page 31 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Processing – Enable/Disable – Sensitivity – Low Frequency Cutoff...
  • Page 32 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Processing – Enable/Disable – Sensitivity – Low Frequency Cutoff...
  • Page 33 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Sensitivity: allows the user to adjust the gain of the APU to make it more or less likely to create events in response to sensor signals – Increasing Sensitivity creates events from smaller signals – Sensitivity is independently adjustable for climbs and cuts...
  • Page 34 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Processing – Enable/Disable – Sensitivity – Low Frequency Cutoff...
  • Page 35 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Low Frequency Cutoff: allows the user to set the lowest frequency that is processed by the APU in order to qualify events – All frequencies less than the cutoff are ignored by the event detection processing –...
  • Page 36 Theory of Operation: Low Frequency Cutoff The low frequency cutoff filter rejects frequencies that might introduce nuisance alarms Low frequency Only frequencies above start point this point are processed...
  • Page 37 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Alarm Processing: analysis of recent Events to determine whether or not a valid intrusion attempt has occurred – Reminder: a probable intrusion-caused sensor signal is called an Event...
  • Page 38 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Alarm Processing – Event Count – Alarm Relay Time – Tamper Enable...
  • Page 39 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Alarm Processing – Event Count – Alarm Relay Time – Tamper Enable...
  • Page 40 Theory of Operation: Algorithms • Event Count: allows the user to choose how many valid intrusion Events it takes to create an alarm – The set number of Events must occur in a sequence defined by a set of alarm timing rules to cause an alarm...
  • Page 41 Theory of Operation: Alarm Timing Rules •When an Event occurs, a 5-second Event Window Timer is initialized and an Event Counter is incremented by 1 •If another Event occurs before the timer expires, the timer is restarted and the Event Counter is incremented by 1 •If Events continue to occur with the proper timing, an Alarm is flagged when the number of Events equals the set Event Count •...
  • Page 42 Theory of Operation: Alarm Timing Rules • Assume the following Event Count settings: Accumulator ̶ Event Count = 3 5 sec (user adjustable) Event Window ̶ Event Window = 5 seconds (fixed) Time...
  • Page 43 Theory of Operation: Alarm Timing Rules • Assume the following Event Count settings: Accumulator ̶ Event Count = 3 5 sec (user adjustable) Event ̶ Event Window = 5 Window seconds (fixed) Time...
  • Page 44 Theory of Operation: Alarm Timing Rules • Assume the following Event Count settings: Accumulator ̶ Event Count = 3 5 sec (user adjustable) Event Alarm ̶ Event Window = 5 Window seconds (fixed) Time...
  • Page 45 Theory of Operation: Alarm Timing Rules • Assume the following Event Count settings: Accumulator ̶ Event Count = 3 5 sec (user adjustable) Event Window ̶ Event Window = 5 seconds (fixed) Time...
  • Page 46 FD-322 Tuning Software • Comes standard with the FD322 • Includes the following operating modes: – Terminal mode – Realtime mode – Parameter editor – Spectral history mode – Replay mode...
  • Page 47 FD-322 Tuning Software: Terminal Mode • Status • Setup • Calibration • History • Version • CHA/CHB...
  • Page 48 FD-322 Tuning Software: Terminal Mode • Status: monitors current APU operating conditions, including laser current, most recent LOSS value and event/alarm display • Setup: allows access to menu-driven parameter query and editing • Calibration: performs LOSS measurement, APU signal calibration and time/date setting •...
  • Page 49 FD-322 Tuning Software: Realtime Mode...
  • Page 50 FD-322 Tuning Software: Realtime Mode • Provides realtime frequency domain display of APU signal activity including event and alarm indications • Allows setup and recording of Event and Alarm activity spectral data files to host PC’s hard disk • Allows manual recording of spectral data files to hard disk...
  • Page 51 FD-322 Tuning Software: Parameter Editor...
  • Page 52 FD-322 Tuning Software: Parameter Editor • Provides graphic view of current APU information and settings and allows parameters to be edited and sent to the APU • Allows recording of parameter files to host PC’s hard disk • Allows recall of parameter files from host PC’s hard disk for review and/or sending to the APU •...
  • Page 53 FD-322 Tuning Software: Spectral History Mode...
  • Page 54 FD-322 Tuning Software: Spectral History Mode • Allows retrieval of spectral data files internally stored on the APU; the processor stores the most recent 24 alarms in its internal memory • Allows saving of selected spectral data files to host PC’s hard disk...
  • Page 55 FD-322 Tuning Software: Replay Mode...
  • Page 56 FD-322 Tuning Software: Replay Mode • Allows retrieval of spectral data files from the PC’s hard disk • Displays both frequency and time domain representations of a spectral data file simultaneously • The recalled data is displayed in a 10 second window that shows the trigger event plus 5 seconds before and 5 seconds after •...
  • Page 57 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines...
  • Page 58 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines Process Steps 1. Survey the site to be protected 2. Determine zone sizing 3. Determine the amount of cable needed 4. Deploy the cable 5. Connect the cable to the APU...
  • Page 59 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines Site Survey 1. Walk the entire perimeter 2. Evaluate fence quality and note obstructions 3. Make and record all relevant measurements • Proposed APU locations • Zone lengths • Fence height • Location, width and style of each gate •...
  • Page 60 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines Cable in Conduit • Must have knowledge of zone sizing to safely order enough material with little excess • 800m Spool Maximum...
  • Page 61 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines • Cable in conduit requirement can be estimated as 2.2 times the linear zone length Linear zone length...
  • Page 62 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines Fence Quality and Obstructions • Fence fabric should be in good repair • Deflection < 2” @ 30lbs • Note loose sections that may need repair • Note signs that may need tightened or repositioned • Note brush, trees or other obstructions that could cause nuisance alarms...
  • Page 63 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines Fence Obstructions: Brush & Trees...
  • Page 64 FD-322 Fence Installation Guidelines System Installation • Install weatherproof APU enclosures at required outdoor locations; run power and system wiring • Install APUs; connect power and system wiring • Install fiber/conduit on fence • Clean & inspect all optical connectors to prevent system noise from contamination •...
  • Page 65 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Attach conduit to fence with stainless steel wire ties • Use the high security method of installing the ties Bend wire tie and loop Observe how tie is across the intersection routed tightly within the between diamonds and fence mesh making it tighten with twist tool...
  • Page 66 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Wire twist ties should be placed every 12 inches (30 cm) or generally every 4 diamonds • There cannot be too many ties, only too few, since the fiber is free to move inside the conduit...
  • Page 67 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Install conduit on secure side of fence • Route conduit over fence posts • Put a wire tie on both sides of each post...
  • Page 68 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Install conduit ¼ of fence height from top & bottom • Overlap 6-10” between zones...
  • Page 69 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Install service loops at posts about 45 meters apart • Loops should be 6-10” wide and 12-18” tall...
  • Page 70 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Install sensitivity loops on reinforced fence sections • Loops should be 6-10” wide and 12-18” tall...
  • Page 71 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Additional fiber increases sensitivity • Consider sensitivity loops on areas that have large deviations in rigidity between fence panels • Adding fiber to rigid sections decreases nuisance alarms • Additional fiber and conduit increases installed cost...
  • Page 72 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Install sensitivity loops at corners also • If the corner panels are reinforced, add loops in the middle and at both posts • Put zone breaks on corners – and don’t forget to overlap!
  • Page 73 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines Swing Gate Installation • Cross the conduit at hinge post to form a flexible hinge • Bury the conduit about a foot under the gate in solid pipe to cross the road Buried Conduit...
  • Page 74 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • Conduit will expand and contract with temperature • Install with 25-35 pounds of pull to minimize effect...
  • Page 75 FD-322 Conduit Installation Guidelines • A two-person installation team is most effective • Person #1 secures every 10 ft (post-to-post) tightly while Person #2 lags behind securing every foot (4 diamonds)
  • Page 76 FD-322 Calibration and Tuning Process Steps 1. Calibrate the APU 2. Simulate intrusions 3. Tune system to detect intrusions 4. Simulate nuisance alarms or monitor for a defined test period 5. Tune system to ignore nuisance alarms 6. Repeat steps 2 through 5 until satisfied...
  • Page 78 FD-322 Tuning • Efficient parameter set allows easy and effective tuning • Sensitivity, event count and low frequency cutoff for climbs and cuts • Wind rejection...
  • Page 79 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Climbs • Connect APU to PC laptop and run tuning software • Verify that APU parameters are set to default values • Run the Realtime mode and observe the signal as the test intruder climbs the fence •...
  • Page 80 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Cuts • Adjust the Cut Event Count to the desired value; it should be set to a value less than or equal to the number of cuts required to create a security breach; as a rule of thumb, however, limit the Event Count to 10 or less •...
  • Page 81 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Nuisance • There are two parameters that desensitize the APU to nuisance alarm sources 1. Low Frequency Cutoff 2. Wind Rejection • Low Frequency Cutoff is independently adjustable for climbs and cuts • Wind Rejection adjusts both climbs and cuts equally •...
  • Page 82 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Nuisance • Many nuisance sources such as wind, trains and other vehicular traffic contain only low frequency information • Climb and cut intrusions include information at all frequencies • Collected spectral files can be analyzed for frequency content in the Replay mode •...
  • Page 83 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Nuisance • Wind signals typically consist of mostly low frequencies, below about 200 Hz • It’s therefore best to eliminate as much low frequency processing as possible using Low Frequency Cutoff • If wind nuisance alarms still persist, raise the Wind Rejection parameter and test for at least a •...
  • Page 84 FD-322 Tuning: Basic Procedure - Miscellaneous • There are two APU parameters in the Miscellaneous section 1. Enable Tamper Switch 2. Alarm Relay Time • The tamper switch parameter allows monitoring of NEMA enclosure to notify the alarm control system if the enclosure has been opened •...
  • Page 85 FD-322 Tuning: Recommended Tools • Tuning software and laptop PC • Product manual • Personal protection equipment as required by site; gloves are highly recommended • Cut test tools or other intrusion equipment...
  • Page 86 FD-322 Tuning: Climb Intrusions • Simulate climbing the same way a potential intruder would climb. • Bring your waist even with the top of the fence and jump back down. • Make adjustments to the system so that climb simulations cause an alarm. •...
  • Page 87 FD-322 Tuning: Cut Intrusions • Use a 6”+ solid tang screwdriver to tap the fence • Tap one more time than your set event count, waiting a second between each tap; the event count should be set to the number of cuts it would take to create a security breach in the area •...
  • Page 88 FD-322 Tuning: Cut Intrusions Simulating an Actual Cut Hacksaw Cut Simulation...
  • Page 89 FD-322 Maintenance • Visual inspection: suggested interval is 90 days • Performance check: suggested interval is 90 days • Status check: suggested interval is 180 days • To maintain the system, you’ll need the same basic tools used to tune the system •...
  • Page 90 FD-322 Maintenance: Visual System Inspection • Inspect the sensor conduit and check for cracks and kinks, including the conduit entering the APU enclosure • Verify that conduit is securely attached to the fence; add or replace wire ties where needed •...
  • Page 91 FD-322 Maintenance: System Performance Check • Perform climb and cut tests on all zones. Verify that alarm is generated at the APU for each intrusion attempt • Verify that all alarms are acknowledged by the alarm monitoring system • If an alarm fails to occur at APU or to be received by the monitoring system, troubleshoot until resolved •...
  • Page 92 • Verify that the new LOSS value is less than 6 dB • Record results in test log STATUS Test • Run FD322 Tuning software and execute from Terminal Mode • Verify that laser current (Las(mA)) is less than 40 mA • Verify that power supply voltage (Pwr(V)) is between 12-24VDC...
  • Page 93 FD-322 Maintenance: Loopback Test • Perform the Loopback Test if LOSS is greater than 6 dB • This test will isolate a LOSS issue to either the APU or to the fiber on the fence • To perform the test, disconnect the fence sensing fiber from the APU and replace it with a known good multimode jumper that’s at least a meter in length •...
  • Page 94 FD-322 Wrap Up • Two sensing channels • Simple installation and adjustment • Efficient parameter set allows easy and effective tuning • Supports all normal zone lengths on chain link fence • Most value-priced fiber sensor • User software included...